A developmental perspective on alcohol and youths 16 to 20 years of age

Pediatrics

Volumn 121, Issue SUPPL. 4, 2008, Pages

  Brown, Sandra A ^a   McGue, Matthew ^c   Maggs, Jennifer ^d   Schulenberg, John ^e   Hingson, Ralph ^b,f   Swartzwelder, Scott ^g   Martin, Christopher ^h   Chung, Tammy ^h   Tapert, Susan F ^b   Sher, Kenneth ⁱ   Winters, Ken C ^c   Lowman, Cherry ^f   Murphy, Stacia ^j  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^d PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^f NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM   (United States)

^g DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

^j National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Alcohol; Development; Late adolescence

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOLISM; ANXIETY; AUTOREGULATION; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD HEALTH CARE; COGNITION; CONFERENCE PAPER; COPING BEHAVIOR; DECISION MAKING; DELINQUENCY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; DRUG ABUSE; DRUNKEN DRIVING; HEALTH HAZARD; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; INDIVIDUALITY; MENTAL HEALTH; PEER GROUP; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL CHANGE; SOCIAL PROBLEM; SOCIAL STATUS; SOCIAL STRESS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SUICIDAL IDEATION; TASK PERFORMANCE; WORKING MEMORY; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT; ADULT; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE; CHILD BEHAVIOR; DRUG EFFECT; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REVIEW; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT; ADULT; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; HUMANS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 43549100491     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 02105721     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2007-2243D     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (169)

1. Schulenberg J, Maggs JL, Hurrelmann K. Health Risks and Developmental Transitions During Adolescence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1997
2. Aseltine RH, Gore S. Mental health and social adaptation following the transition from high school. J Res Adolesc. 1993;3(3):247-270
3. Hogan D, Astone N. The transition to adulthood. Annu Rev Sociol. 1986;12:109-130
4. Fussell E, Furstenberg FFJ. The transition to adulthood during the twentieth century: race, nativity, and gender. In: Settersten RA, Furstenberg FFJ, Rumbaut RG, eds. On the Frontier of Adulthood: Theory, Research, and Public Policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 2005:29-75
5. Settersten RA, Furstenberg FFJ, Rumbaut RG, eds. On the Frontier of Adulthood: Theory, Research, and Public Policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 2005
6. Spear LP. The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2000;24(4):417-463
7. Gogtay N, Giedd JN, Lusk L, et al. Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101(21):8174-8179
8. Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Jeffries NO, et al. Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nature Neurosci. 1999;2(10):861-863
9. Paus T, Zijdenbos A, Worsley K, et al. Structural maturation of neural pathways in children and adolescents: in vivo study. Science. 1999;283(5409):1908-1911
10. Carskadon MA. Patterns of sleep and sleepiness in adolescents. Pediatrician. 1990;17(1):5-12
11. Wolfson AR, Carskadon MA. Sleep schedules and daytime functioning in adolescents. Child Dev. 1998;69(4):875-887
12. National Institutes of Health. Problem Sleepiness in Your Patient. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1997
13. Roehrs T, Beare D, Zorick F, Roth T. Sleepiness and ethanol effects on simulated driving. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994;18(1):154-158
14. Raffaelli M, Crockett LJ, Shen YL. Developmental stability and change in self-regulation from childhood to adolescence. J Genet Psychol. 2005;166(1):54-75
15. Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Newman DL, Silva PA. Behavioral observations at age 3 predict adult psychiatric disorders: longitudinal evidence from a birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(11):1033-1039
16. Elkins IJ, McGue M, Iacono WG. Prospective effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and sex on adolescent substance use and abuse. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(10):1145-1152
17. Kirisci L, Tarter RE, Vanyukov M, Reynolds M, Habeych M. Relation between cognitive distortions and neurobehavior disinhibition on the development of substance use during adolescence and substance use disorder by young adulthood: a prospective study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004;76(2):125-133
18. Reyna VF, Farley F. Risk and rationality in adolescent decision making: implications for theory, practice, and public policy. Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2006;7(1):1-44
19. Steinberg L. Risk taking in adolescence: what changes, and why? Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004;1021:51-58
20. Gardner M, Steinberg L. Peer influence on risk taking, risk preference, and risky decision making in adolescence and adulthood: an experimental study. Dev Psychol. 2005;41(4):625-635
21. Nowinski J. Substance Abuse in Adolescents and Young Adults. New York, NY: Norton; 1990
22. Christ SE, White DA, Mandernach T, Keys BA. Inhibitory control across the life span. Dev Neuropsychol. 2001;20(3):653-669
23. Jarman RF, Vavrik J, Walton PD. Metacognitive and frontal lobe processes: at the interface of cognitive psychology and neuropsychology. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1995;121(2):153-210
24. Suzuki-Slakter N. Elaboration and metamemory during adolescence. Contemp Educ Psychol. 1988;13(3):206-220
25. Levin HS, Culhane KA, Hartmann J, et al. Developmental changes in performance on tests of purported frontal lobe functioning. Dev Neuropsychol. 1991;7(3):377-395
26. Davies PL, Rose JD. Assessment of cognitive development in adolescents by means of neuropsychological tasks. Dev Neuropsychol. 1999;15(2):227-248
27. Mueller U, Overton WF, Reene K. Development of conditional reasoning: a longitudinal study. J Cogn Dev. 2001;2(1):27-49
28. Klaczynski PA. Analytic and heuristic processing influences on adolescent reasoning and decision-making. Child Dev. 2001;72(3):844-861
29. Cauffman E, Steinberg L. (Im)maturity of judgment in adolescence: why adolescents may be less culpable than adults. Behav Sci Law. 2000;18(6):741-760
30. Ormond C, Luszcz MA, Mann L, Beswick G. A metacognitive analysis of decision making in adolescence. J Adolesc. 1991;14(3):275-291
31. Ernst M, Grant SJ, London ED, Contoreggi CS, Kimes AS, Spurgeon L. Decision making in adolescents with behavior disorders and adults with substance abuse. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(1):33-40
32. Baddeley A. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends Cogn Sci. 2000;4(11):417-423
33. Luna B, Garver KE, Urban TA, Lazar NA, Sweeney JA. Maturation of cognitive processes from late childhood to adulthood. Child Dev. 2004;75(5):1357-1372
34. Kwon H, Reiss AL, Menon V. Neural basis of protracted developmental changes in visuo-spatial working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99(20):13336-13341
35. Thomas KM, King SW, Franzen PL, et al. A developmental functional MRI study of spatial working memory. Neuroimage. 1999;10(3):327-338
36. Klingberg T, Forssberg H, Westerberg H. Increased brain activity in frontal and parietal cortex underlies the development of visuospatial working memory capacity during childhood. J Cogn Neurosci. 2002;14(1):1-10
37. Kim MS, Kim JJ, Kwon JS. Frontal P300 decrement and executive dysfunction in adolescents with conduct problems. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2001;32(2):93-106
38. Deckel AW. Tests of executive functioning predict scores on the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1999;23(2):209-223
39. Hill SY, Steinhauer S, Park J, Zubin J. Event-related potential characteristics in children of alcoholics from high density families. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1990;14(1):6-16
40. Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Wilens T, Chu MP. Associations between ADHD and psychoactive substance use disorders: findings from a longitudinal study of high-risk siblings of ADHD children. Am J Addict. 1997;6(4):318-329
41. Deckel AW, Bauer L, Hesselbrock V. Anterior brain dysfunctioning as a risk factor in alcoholic behaviors. Addiction. 1995;90(10):1323-1334
42. Sobeck J, Abbey A, Agius E, Clinton M, Harrison K. Predicting early adolescent substance use: do risk factors differ depending on age of onset? J Subst Abuse. 2000;11(1):89-102
43. Deckel AW, Hesselbrock V. Behavioral and cognitive measurements predict scores on the MAST: a 3-year prospective study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996;20(7):1173-1178
44. Giancola PR, Moss HB, Martin CS, Kirisci L, Tarter RE. Executive cognitive functioning predicts reactive aggression in boys at high risk for substance abuse: a prospective study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996;20(4):740-744
45. Giancola PR, Shoal GD, Mezzich AC. Constructive thinking, executive functioning, antisocial behavior, and drug use involvement in adolescent females with a substance use disorder. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;9(2):215-227
46. Giancola PR, Parker AM. A six-year prospective study of pathways toward drug use in adolescent boys with and without a family history of a substance use disorder. J Stud Alcohol. 2001;62(2):166-178
47. Blume AW, Marlatt GA, Schmaling KB. Executive cognitive function and heavy drinking behavior among college students. Psychol Addict Behav. 2000;14(3):299-302
48. Moskowitz JM. Preventing adolescent substance abuse through drug education. NIDA Res Monogr. 1983;47:233-249
49. Botvin GJ. Preventing drug abuse in schools: social and competence enhancement approaches targeting individual-level etiologic factors. Addict Behav. 2000;25(6):887-897
50. Perry CL, Williams CL, VeblenMortenson S, et al. Project Northland: outcomes of a communitywide alcohol use prevention program during early adolescence. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(7):956-965
51. McCoy CB, Metsch LR, Inciardi JA. Intervening With Drug-Involved Youth. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1996
52. Snow DL, Tebes JK, Arthur MW, Tapasak RC. 2-Year follow-up of a social-cognitive intervention to prevent substance use. J Drug Educ. 1992;22(2):101-114
53. Ellickson PL, Bell RM, McGuigan K. Preventing adolescent drug use: long-term results of a junior high program. Am J Public Health. 1993;83(6):856-861
54. Perry CL, Williams CL, Forster JL, et al. Background, conceptualization and design of a community-wide research program on adolescent alcohol use: Project Northland. Health Educ Res. 1993;8(1):125-136
55. Brown SA, Anderson KG, Schulte MT, Sintov ND, Frissell KC. Facilitating youth self-change through school-based intervention. Addict Behav. 2005;30(9):1797-1810
56. Baer PE, Bray JH. Adolescent individuation and alcohol use. J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 1999;13:52-62
57. Barnes GM, Reifman AS, Farrell MP, Dintcheff BA. The effects of parenting on the development of adolescent alcohol misuse: a six-wave latent growth model. J Marriage Fam. 2000;62(1):175-186
58. Brody GH, Ge X, Katz J, Arias IA. A longitudinal analysis of internalization of parental alcohol-use norms and adolescent alcohol use. Appl Dev Sci. 2000;4(2):71-79
59. Windle M. Parental, sibling, and peer influences on adolescent substance use and alcohol problems. Appl Dev Sci. 2000;4(2):98-110
60. McGue M, Sharma A, Benson P. Parent and sibling influences on adolescent alcohol use and misuse: evidence from a US adoption cohort. J Stud Alcohol. 1996;57(1):8-18
61. Schulenberg JE, Maggs JL. A developmental perspective on alcohol use and heavy drinking during adolescence and the transition to young adulthood. J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 2002;(14):54-70
62. Brown JD, Witherspoon EM. The mass media and American adolescents' health. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31(6 suppl):153-170
63. Brooks-Gunn J, Paikoff R. "Sex is a gamble, kissing is a game": adolescent sexuality and health promotion. In: Millstein SG, Petersen AC, Nightingale EO, eds. Promoting the Health of Adolescents: New Directions for the Twenty-First Century. New York: 180-208
64. Kuttler AF, La Greca AM. Linkages among adolescent girls' romantic relationships, best friendships, and peer networks. J Adolesc. 2004;27(4):395-414
65. Alan Guttmacher Institute. Sex and America's Teenagers. New York, NY: Alan Guttmacher Institute; 1994
66. Gowen LK, Feldman SS, Diaz R, Yisrael DS. A comparison of the sexual behaviors and attitudes of adolescent girls with older vs similar-aged boyfriends. J Youth Adolesc. 2004;33(2):167-175
67. Brown SA, Abrantes AM. Substance use disorders. In: Wolfe DA, Mash EJ, eds. Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Adolescents. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2005:226-256
68. Abrantes AM, Brown SA, Tomlinson K. Psychiatric comorbidity among inpatient substance abusing adolescents. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2003;13(2):83-101
69. Kandel DB, Johnson JG, Bird HR, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity among adolescents with substance use disorders: findings from the MECA Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(6):693-699
70. Tomlinson KL, Brown SA, Abrantes A. Psychiatric comorbidity and substance use treatment outcomes of adolescents. Psychol Addict Behav. 2004;18(2):160-169
71. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2005, Vol 1: Secondary School Students. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2006. NIH publication 06-5883
72. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2005, Vol 2: College Students and Adults Ages 19-45. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2006. NIH publication 06-5884
73. Jessor R. Risk behavior in adolescence: a psychosocial framework for understanding and action. J Adolesc Health. 1991;12(8):597-605
74. Maggs JL, Schulenberg JE. Initiation and course of alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults. Recent Dev Alcohol. 2005;17:29-47
75. Muthén BO, Muthén LK. Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24(6):882-891
76. Schulenberg J, Maggs JL. Moving targets: modeling developmental trajectories of adolescent alcohol misuse, individual and peer risk factors, and intervention effects. Appl Dev Sci. 2001;5(4):237-253
77. Jackson KM, Sher KJ, Schulenberg JE. Conjoint developmental trajectories of young adult alcohol and tobacco use. J Abnorm Psychol. 2005;114(4):612-626
78. White HR, Johnson V, Buyske S. Parental modeling and parenting behavior effects on offspring alcohol and cigarette use: a growth curve analysis. J Subst Abuse. 2000;12(3):287-310
79. Chassin L, Pitts SC, Prost J. Binge drinking trajectories from adolescence to emerging adulthood in a high-risk sample: predictors and substance abuse outcomes. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002;70(1):67-78
80. Schulenberg J, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Wadsworth KN, Johnston LD. Getting drunk and growing up: trajectories of frequent binge drinking during the transition to young adulthood. J Stud Alcohol. 1996;57(3):289-304
81. D'Amico EJ, Metrik J, McCarthy DM, Appelbaum M, Frissell KC, Brown SA. Progression into and out of binge drinking among high school students. Psychol Addict Behav. 2001;15(4):341-349
82. Greenbaum PE, Del Boca FK, Darkes J, Wang CP, Goldman MS. Variation in the drinking trajectories of freshmen college students. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005;73(2):229-238
83. Maggs JL, Almeida DM, Galambos NL. Risky business: the paradoxical meaning of problem behavior for young adolescents. J Early Adolesc. 1995;15(3):344-362
84. Maggs JL. Alcohol use and binge drinking as goal-directed action during the transition to post-secondary education. In: Schulenberg J, Maggs JL, Hurrelmann K, eds. Health Risks and Developmental Transitions During Adolescence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1997:345-371
85. Baumrind D, Moselle KA. A development perspective on adolescent drug abuse. Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse. 1985;4(3-4):41-67
86. Vanyukov MM, Tarter RE, Kirisci L, Kirillova GP, Maher BS, Clark DB. Liability to substance use disorders, part 1: common mechanisms and manifestations. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2003;27(6):507-515
87. Hussong AM, Curran PJ, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Carrig MM. Substance abuse hinders desistance in young adults' antisocial behavior. Dev Psychopathol. 2004;16(4):1029-1046
88. McGue M, Iacono WG, Legrand LN, Malone S, Elkins I. Origins and consequences of age at first drink, part I: associations with substance-use disorders, disinhibitory behavior and psychopathology, and P3 amplitude. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001;25(8):1156-1165
89. Begleiter H, Porjesz B, Bihari B, Kissin B. Event-related brain potentials in boys at risk for alcoholism. Science. 1984;225(4669):1493- 1496
90. Keyes MA, Iacono WG, McGue M. Early onset problem behavior, young adult psychopathology, and contextual risk. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007;10(1):45-53
91. Rose RJ, Dick DM, Viken RJ, Kaprio J. Gene-environment interaction in patterns of adolescent drinking: regional residency moderates longitudinal influences on alcohol use. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001;25(5):637-643
92. Krueger RF, Hicks BM, Patrick CJ, Carlson SR, Iacono WG, McGue M. Etiologic connections among substance dependence, antisocial behavior, and personality: modeling the externalizing spectrum. J Abnorm Psychol. 2002;111(3):411-424
93. Rutter M, Silberg J. Gene-environment interplay in relation to emotional and behavioral disturbance. Annu Rev Psychol. 2002;53:463-490
94. Slutske WS, Hunt-Carter EE, Nabors-Oberg RE, et al. Do college students drink more than their non-college-attending peers? Evidence from a population-based longitudinal female twin study. J Abnorm Psychol. 2004;113(4):530-540
95. Bartholow BD, Sher KJ, Krull JL. Changes in heavy drinking over the third decade of life as a function of collegiate fraternity and sorority involvement: a prospective, multilevel analysis. Health Psychol. 2003;22(6):616-626
96. Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. How part-time work intensity relates to drug use, problem behavior, time use, and satisfaction among high school seniors: are these consequences or merely correlates? Dev Psychol. 1993;29(2):220-235
97. Mortimer JT, Staff J. Early work as a source of developmental discontinuity during the transition to adulthood. Dev Psychopathol. 2004;16(4):1047-1070
98. Martino SC, Collins RL, Ellickson PL. Substance use and early marriage. J Marriage Fam. 2004;66(1):244-257
99. Lanza ST, Collins LM. Pubertal timing and the onset of substance use in females during early adolescence. Prev Sci. 2002;3(1):69-82
100. Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Rutter M, Silva PA. Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2001
101. Wallace JM Jr, Bachman JG, O'Malley PM, Schulenberg JE, Cooper SM, Johnston LD. Gender and ethnic differences in smoking, drinking and illicit drug use among American 8th, 10th and 12th grade students, 1976-2000. Addiction. 2003;98(2):225-234
102. Champion HL, Foley KL, DuRant RH, Hensberry R, Altman D, Wolfson M. Adolescent sexual victimization, use of alcohol and other substances, and other health risk behaviors. J Adolesc Health. 2004;35(4):321-328
103. Poulin C, Hand D, Boudreau B, Santor D. Gender differences in the association between substance use and elevated depressive symptoms in a general adolescent population. Addiction. 2005;100(4):525-535
104. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2000, Vol 1: Secondary School Students. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2001. NIH publication No. 01-4924
105. Zucker RA, Wong MA, Puttler LI, Fitzgerald HE. Resilience and vulnerability among sons of alcoholics: relationships to developmental outcomes between early childhood and adolescence. In: Luthar SS, ed. Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the Context of Childhood Adversities. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2003:76-103
106. Cicchetti D, Rogosch FA. The role of self-organization in the promotion of resilience in maltreated children. Dev Psychopathol. 1997;9(4):797-815
107. Stice E, Barrera M, Chassin L. Prospective differential prediction of adolescent alcohol use and problem use: examining the mechanisms of effect. J Abnorm Psychol. 1998;107(4):616-628
108. Stice E, Myers MG, Brown SA. Relations of delinquency to adolescent substance use and problem use: a prospective study. Psychol Addict Behav. 1998;12(2):136-146
109. Oscar-Berman M, Marinkovic K. Alcoholism and the brain: an overview. Alcohol Res Health. 2003;27(2):125-133
110. Testa M, Quigley BM, Eiden RD. The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on infant mental development: a meta-analytical review. Alcohol Alcohol. 2003;38(4):295-304
111. Brown SA, Tapert SF, Granholm E, Delis DC. Neurocognitive functioning of adolescents: effects of protracted alcohol use. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24(2):164-171
112. De Bellis MD, Clark DB, Beers SR, et al. Hippocampal volume in adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(5):737-744
113. Hiller-Sturmhofel S, Swartzwelder HS. Alcohol's effects on the adolescent brain: what can be learned from animal models. Alcohol Res Health. 2004;28(4):213-221
114. Blitzer RD, Gil O, Landau EM. Long-term potentiation in rat hippocampus is inhibited by low concentrations of ethanol. Brain Res. 1990;537(1-2):203-208
115. Sircar R, Sircar D. Adolescent rats exposed to repeated ethanol treatment show lingering behavioral impairments. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005;29(8):1402-1410
116. Crews FT, Braun CJ, Hoplight B, Switzer RC III, Knapp DJ. Binge ethanol consumption causes differential brain damage in young adolescent rats compared with adult rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24(11):1712-1723
117. Nixon K, Crews FT. Binge ethanol exposure decreases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. J Neurochem. 2002;83(5):1087-1093
118. Obernier JA, White AM, Swartzwelder HS, Crews FT. Cognitive deficits and CNS damage after a 4-day binge ethanol exposure in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002;72(3):521-532
119. Miller JW, Naimi TS, Brewer RD, Jones SE. Binge drinking and associated health risk behaviors among high school students. Pediatrics. 2007;119(1):76-85
120. White AM, Ghia AJ, Levin ED, Swartzwelder HS. Binge pattern ethanol exposure in adolescent and adult rats: differential impact on subsequent responsiveness to ethanol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24(8):1251-1256
121. Little PJ, Kuhn CM, Wilson WA, Swartzwelder HS. Differential effects of ethanol in adolescent and adult rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996;20(8):1346-1351
122. Silvers JM, Tokunaga S, Mittleman G, O'Buckley T, Morrow AL, Matthews DB. Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence reduces the effect of ethanol challenge on hippocampal allopregnanolone levels and Morris water maze task performance. Alcohol. 2006;39(3):151-158
123. Graham DL, Diaz-Granados JL. Periadolescent exposure to ethanol and diazepam alters the aversive properties of ethanol in adult mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2006;84(3):406-414
124. White AM, Bae JG, Truesdale MC, Ahmad S, Wilson WA, Swartzwelder HS. Chronic-intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence prevents normal developmental changes in sensitivity to ethanol-induced motor impairments. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002;26(7):960-968
125. Schuckit MA, Smith TL. An 8-year follow-up of 450 sons of alcoholic and control subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(3):202-210
126. Brook DW, Brook JS, Zhang CS, Cohen P, Whiteman M. Drug use and the risk of major depressive disorder, alcohol dependence, and substance use disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59(11):1039-1044
127. Wells JE, Horwood LJ, Fergusson DM. Drinking patterns in mid-adolescence and psychosocial outcomes in late adolescence and early adulthood. Addiction. 2004;99(12):1529-1541
128. Hill KG, White HR, Chung IJ, Hawkins JD, Catalano RF. Early adult outcomes of adolescent binge drinking: person- and variable-centered analyses of binge drinking trajectories. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24(6):892-901
129. Brown SA. Recovery patterns in adolescent substance abuse. In: Baer JR, Marlatt GA, McMahan RJ, eds. Addictive Behaviors Across the Lifespan: Prevention, Treatment, and Policy Issues. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications; 1993
130. Tucker JA. Predictors of help-seeking and the temporal relationship of help to recovery among treated and untreated recovered problem drinkers. Addiction. 1995;90(6):805-809
131. Brown SA, Myers MG, Mott MA, Vik PW. Correlates of success following treatment for adolescent substance abuse. Appl Prev Psychol. 1994;3(2):61-73
132. Zunz SJ, Ferguson NL, Senter M. Post-identification support for substance dependent students in school-based programs: the weakest link. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2005;14(4):77-92
133. Waldron HB, Flicker SM, Hersen M. Alcohol and drug abuse. In: Hersen M, ed. Clinical Behavior Therapy: Adults and Children. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2002:474-490
134. Sobell LC, Cunningham JA, Sobell MB. Recovery from alcohol problems with and without treatment: prevalence in two population surveys. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(7):966-972
135. Sobell LC, Sobell MB, Toneatto T, Leo GI. What triggers the resolution of alcohol problems without treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993;17(2):217-224
136. Peltier B, Telch MJ, Coates TJ. Smoking cessation with adolescents: a comparison of recruitment strategies. Addict Behav. 1982;7(1):71-73
137. Colby SM, Monti PM, Barnett NP, et al. Brief motivational interviewing in a hospital setting for adolescent smoking: a preliminary study. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1998;66(3):574-578
138. Watson AL, Sher KJ. Resolution of alcohol problems without treatment: methodological issues and future directions of natural recovery research. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. 1998;5(1):1-18
139. Yamaguchi K, Kandel DB. On the resolution of role incompatibility: a life event history analysis of family roles and marijuana use. Am J Sociol. 1985;90(6):1284-1325
140. Stice E, Myers MG, Brown SA. A longitudinal grouping analysis of adolescent substance use escalation in de-escalation. Psychol Addict Behav. 1998;12(1):14-27
141. Klingemann HK. The motivation for change from problem alcohol and heroin use. Br J Addict. 1991;86(6):727-744
142. Tapert SF, Brown SA, Myers MG, Granholm E. The role of neurocognitive abilities in coping with adolescent relapse to alcohol and drug use. J Stud Alcohol. 1999;60(4):500-508
143. Cronkite RC, Moos RH. Determinants of the post-treatment functioning of alcoholic patients: a conceptual-framework. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1980;48(3):305-316
144. Dawes MA, Johnson BA. Pharmacotherapeutic trials in adolescent alcohol use disorders: opportunities and challenges. Alcohol Alcohol. 2004;39(3):166-177
145. Cornelius JR, Clark DB, Bukstein OG, Kelly TM, Salloum IM, Wood DS. Fluoxetine in adolescents with comorbid major depression and an alcohol use disorder: a 3-year follow-up study. Addict Behav. 2005;30(4):807-814
146. McCarthy DM, Tomlinson KL, Anderson KG, Marlatt GA, Brown SA. Relapse in alcohol- and drug-disordered adolescents with comorbid psychopathology: changes in psychiatric symptoms. Psychol Addict Behav. 2005;19(1):28-34
147. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Traffic Safety Facts 2000: Alcohol. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2000. Report DOT HS-809-323
148. Zador PL, Krawchuk SA, Voas RB. Alcohol-related relative risk of driver fatalities and driver involvement in fatal crashes in relation to driver age and gender: an update using 1996 data. J Stud Alcohol. 2000;61(3):387-395
149. O'Malley PM, Wagenaar AC. Effects of minimum drinking age laws on alcohol use, related behaviors and traffic crash involvement among American youth: 1976-1987. J Stud Alcohol. 1991;52(5):478-491
150. Shults RA, Elder RW, Sleet DA, et al. Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to reduce alcohol-impaired driving. Am J Prev Med. 2001;21(4 suppl):66-88
151. Voas RB, Tippetts AS, Fell JC. Assessing the effectiveness of minimum legal drinking age and zero tolerance laws in the United States. Accid Anal Prev. 2003;35(4):579-587
152. Elder RW, Nichols JL, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Barrios LC, Compton R. Effectiveness of school-based programs for reducing drinking and driving and riding with drinking drivers: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28(5 suppl):288-304
153. Jones RK, Lacey JH. Alcohol and Highway Safety 2001: A Review of the State of Knowledge. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2001. Report DOT HS-809-383
154. Preusser DF, Ulmer RB, Preusser CW. Obstacles to Enforcement of Youthful (Under 21) Impaired Driving. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 1992. Report DOT HS-807-878
155. Wells JK, Greene MA, Foss RD, Ferguson SA, Williams AF. Drinking drivers missed at sobriety checkpoints. J Stud Alcohol. 1997;58(5):513-517
156. Ferguson SA, Williams AF. Awareness of zero tolerance laws in three states. J Safety Res. 2002;33(3):293-299
157. Blomberg RD. Lower Legal BAC Limits for Youth: Evaluation of the Maryland 0.02 Law. Washington, DC: US Department of Transportation; 1992. Report DOT HS-806-807
158. Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Thompson RS, Rajab W. Effectiveness of mass media campaigns for reducing drinking and driving and alcohol-involved crashes: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(1):57-65
159. Wagenaar AC, Murray DM, Gehan JP, et al. Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol: outcomes from a randomized community trial. J Stud Alcohol. 2000;61(1):85-94
160. Wagenaar AC, Toomey TL. Effects of minimum drinking age laws: review and analyses of the literature from 1960 to 2000. J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 2002;(14):206-225
161. Kenkel DS. Drinking, driving, and deterrence: the effectiveness and social costs of alternative policies. J Law Econ. 1993;36(2):877-913
162. Howat P, Sleet D, Elder R, Maycock B. Preventing alcohol-related traffic injury: a health promotion approach. Traffic Inj Prev. 2004;5(3):208-219
163. Wagenaar AC, Murray DM, Toomey TL. Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA): effects of a randomized trial on arrests and traffic crashes. Addiction. 2000;95(2):209-217
164. Holder HD, Gruenewald PJ, Ponicki WR, et al. Effect of community-based interventions on high-risk drinking and alcohol-related injuries. JAMA. 2000;284(18):2341-2347
165. Hingson R, McGovern T, Howland J, Heeren T, Winter M, Zakocs R. Reducing alcohol-impaired driving in Massachusetts: the Saving Lives Program. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(6):791-797
166. Weitzman ER, Nelson TF, Lee H, Wechsler H. Reducing drinking and related harms in college: evaluation of the "A Matter of Degree" program. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(3):187-196
167. Clapp JD, Johnson M, Voas RB, Lange JE, Shillington A, Russell C. Reducing DUI among US college students: results of an environmental prevention trial. Addiction. 2005;100(3):327-334
168. Hingson R, Heeren T, Winter M, Wechsler H. Magnitude of alcohol-related mortality and morbidity among US college students ages 18-24: changes from 1998 to 2001. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26:259-279
169. Klingberg T, Fernell E, Olesen PJ, et al. Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHD: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005;44(2):177-186