Toll-like receptors and fungal infections: The role of TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 in paracoccidioidomycosis

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

Volumn 53, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 1-7

  Calich, Vera L G ^a   Pina, Adriana ^a   Felonato, Maíra ^a   Bernardino, Simone ^a   Costa, Tania A ^a   Loures, Flávio V ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Fungal pathogens; MyD88; Paracoccidioidomycosis; TLR2; TLR4; Toll like receptors

Indexed keywords

MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 88; PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4;

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INNATE IMMUNITY; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; MYCOSIS; NONHUMAN; PARACOCCIDIOIDES BRASILIENSIS; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; SHORT SURVEY; SOUTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSIS;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, NATURAL; MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 88; PARACOCCIDIOIDES; PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4;

EID: 43349097656     PISSN: 09288244     EISSN: 1574695X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00378.x     Document Type: Short Survey

References (47)

1. Akira S, Uematsu S Takeuchi O (2006) Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 124 : 783 801.
2. Bellocchio S, Montagnoli C, Bozza S, Gaziano R, Rossi G, Mambula SS, Vecchi A, Mantovani A, Levitz SM Romani L (2004a) The contribution of the Toll-like/IL-1 receptor superfamily to innate and adaptive immunity to fungal pathogens in vivo. J Immunol 172 : 3059 3069.
3. Bellocchio S, Moretti S, Perruccio K, Fallarino F, Bozza S, Montagnoli C, Mosci P, Lipford GB, Pitzurra L Romani L (2004b) TLRs govern neutrophil activity in aspergillosis. J Immunol 173 : 7406 7415.
4. Biondo C, Midiri A, Messina L, Tomasello F, Garufi G, Catania MR, Bombaci M, Beninati C, Teti G Mancuso G (2005) MyD88 and TLR2, but not TLR4, are required for host defense against Cryptococcus neoformans. Eur J Immunol 35 : 870 878.
5. Borges-Walmsley MI, Chen D, Shu X Walmsley AR (2002) The pathobiology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Trends Microbiol 10 : 80 87.
6. Braedel S, Radsak M, Einsele H, Latgé JP, Michan A, Loeffler J, Haddad Z, Grigoleit U, Schild H Hebart H (2004) Aspergillus fumigatus antigens activate innate immune cells via toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Br J Haematol 125 : 392 399.
7. Brown GD Gordon S (2003) Fungal beta-glucans and mammalian immunity. Immunity 19 : 311 315.
8. Calich VL, Kipnis TL, Mariano M, Neto CF Dias da Silva WD (1979) The activation of the complement system by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in vitro: its opsonic effect and possible significance for an in vivo model of infection. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 12 : 21 30.
9. Calich VLG Blotta MHSL (2005) Pulmonary Paracoccidioidomycosis. Fungal Immunology, From an Organ Perspective (Fidel PL Huffnagle GB, eds), pp. 201 228. Springer, New York.
10. Calich VLG, Singer-Vermes LM, Siqueira AM Burger E (1985) Susceptibility and resistance of inbred mice to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Br J Exp Path 66 : 585 594.
11. Calich VLG, Costa TA, Felonato M, Arruda C, Bernardino S, Loures FV, Rineiro LRR, Valente-Ferreira RC Pina A (2008) Innate immunity to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. Mycopathology DOI :.
12. Cambi A, Koopman M Figdor CG (2005) How C-type lectins detect pathogens. Cell Microbiol 7 : 481 488.
13. Campos MA, Rosinha GM, Almeida IC, Salgueiro XS, Jarvis BW, Splitter GA, Qureshi N, Bruna-Romero O, Gazzinelli RT Oliveira SC (2004) Role of toll-like receptor 4 in induction of cell-mediated immunity and resistance to Brucella abortus infection in mice. Infect Immun 72 : 176 186.
14. Dubordeau M, Athman R, Balloy V, Huerre M, Chignard M, Philpott DJ, Latgé JP Ibrahim-Granet O (2006) Aspergillus fumigatus induces innate immune responses in alveolar macrophages through the MAPK pathway independently of TLR2 and TLR4. J Immunol 177 : 3994 4001.
15. Gordon S (2002) Pattern recognition receptors: doubling up for the innate immune response. Cell 111 : 927 930.
16. Gross O, Gewies A, Finger K, Schafer M, Sparwasser T, Peschel C, Forster I Ruland J (2006) Card9 controls a non-TLR signaling pathway for innate anti-fungal immunity. Nature 442 : 651 656.
17. Inohara N Nunez G (2003) NODs: intracellular proteins involved in inflammation and apoptosis. Nat Rev Immunol 3 : 371 382.
18. Janeway CA Jr. Medzhitov R (2002) Innate immune recognition. Annu Rev Immunol 20 : 197 216.
19. Jimenez MP, Restrepo A, Radzioch D, Cano LE Garcia LF (2006) Importance of complement 3 and mannose receptors in phagocytosis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia by Nramp1 congenic macrophages lines. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 47 : 56 66.
20. Koppel EA, van Gisbergen KP, Geijtenbeek TB van Kooyk Y (2005) Distinct functions of DC-SIGN and its homologues L-SIGN (DCSIGNR) and mSIGNR1 in pathogen recognition and immune regulation. Cell Microbiol 7 : 157 165.
21. Leibundgut-Landmann S, Gross O, Robinson MJ et al 2007) Syk- and CARD9-dependent coupling of innate immunity to the induction of T helper cells that produce interleukin 17. Nat Immunol 8 : 630 638.
22. Loures FV (2007) The role of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis lipids and TLR4 in the fungus-host interaction. MSc thesis, São Paulo University, São Paulo.
23. Mambula SS, Sau K, Henneke P, Golenbock DT Levitz SM (2002) Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in response to Aspergillus fumigatus. J Biol Chem 277 : 39320 39326.
24. Marr KA, Balajee SA, Hawn TR, Ozinsky A, Pham U, Akira S, Aderem A Liles WC (2003) Differential role of MyD88 in macrophage-mediated responses to opportunistic fungal pathogens. Infect Immun 71 : 5280 5286.
25. Meier A, Kirschning CJ, Nikolaus T, Wagner H, Heesemann J Ebel F (2003) Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are essential for Aspergillus-induced activation of murine macrophages. Cell Microbiol 5 : 561 570.
26. Murciano C, Villamon E, Gozalbo D, Roig P, O'Connor JE Gil ML (2006) Toll-like receptor 4 defective mice carrying point or null mutations do not show increased susceptibility to Candida albicans in a model of hematogenously disseminated infection. Med Mycol 44 : 149 157.
27. Nakamura K, Miyagi K, Koguchi Y et al 2006) Limited contribution of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 to the host response to a fungal infectious pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans. FEMS Imnunol Med Microbiol 47 : 148 154.
28. Netea MG, Van Der Graaf CA, Vonk AG, Verschueren I, Van Der Meer JW Kullberg BJ (2002) The role of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in the host defense against disseminated candidiasis. J Infect Dis 186 : 1377 1379.
29. Netea MG, Warris A, Van der Meer JW, Fenton MJ, Verver-Janssen TJ, Jacobs LE, Andresen T, Verweij PE Kullberg BJ (2003) Aspergillus fumigatus evades immune recognition during germination through loss of toll-like receptor-4-mediated signal transduction. J Infect Dis 188 : 320 326.
30. Netea MG, Sutmuller R, Hermann C, Van der Graaf CA, Van der Meer JW, Van Krieken JH, Hartung T, Adema G Kullberg BJ (2004) Toll-like receptor 2 suppresses immunity against Candida albicans through induction of IL-10 and regulatory T cells. J Immunol 172 : 3712 3718.
31. Netea MG, Van der Meer JW Kullberg BJ (2006) Role of dual interaction of fungal pathogens with pattern recognition receptors in the activation and modulation of host defence. Clin Microbiol Infect 12 : 404 409.
32. Palm NW Medzhitov R (2007) Antifungal defense turns 17. Nat Immunol 8 : 549 551.
33. + T cell-mediated suppression by dendritic cells. Science 299 : 1030 1036.
34. Popi AF, Lopes JD Mariano M (2002) GP-43 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis inhibits macrophages functions. An evasion mechanism of the fungus. Cell Immunol 218 : 87 94.
35. Qi H, Denning TL Soong L (2003) Differential induction of interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 in dentritic cells by microbial toll-like receptor activators and skewing of T-cell cytokine profiles. Infect Immun 71 : 3337 3342.
36. Reis e Sousa C (2004) Activation of dendritic cells: translating innate into adaptative immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 16 : 21 25.
37. Roeder A, Kirschning CJ, Rupec RA, Schaller Weindl G Korting HC (2004) Toll like receptors as key mediators in innate antifungal immunity. Med Mycol 42 : 485 498.
38. Romani L (2004) Immunity to fungal infections. Nat Rev Immunol 4 : 1 13.
39. Shoham S, Huang C, Chen JM, Golenbock DT Levitz SM (2001) Toll-like receptor 4 mediates intracellular signaling without TNF-alpha release in response to Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide capsule. J Immunol 166 : 4620 4626.
40. Sing A, Rost D, Tvardovskaia N, Roggenkamp A, Wiedemann A, Kirschning CJ, Aepfelbacher M Heesemann J (2002) Yersinia V-antigen exploits toll-like receptor 2 and CD14 for interleukin 10-mediated immunosuppression. J Exp Med 196 : 1017 1024.
41. + T cell populations lacking helper function. Nat Immunol 6 : 163 170.
42. Sutmuller RP, Den Brok MH, Kramer M, Bennink EJ, Toonen LW, Kullberg BJ, Joosten LA, Akira S, Netea MG Adema GJ (2006) Toll-like receptor 2 controls expansion and function of regulatory T cells. J Clin Invest 116 : 485 494.
43. Takeda K Akira S (2005) Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. Int Immunol 1 : 1 14.
44. Villamón E, Gozalbo D, Roig P, Murciano C, O'Connor JE, Fradelizi D Gil ML (2004a) Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is required for murine resistance to Candida albicans and is critically involved in Candida-induced production of cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 15 : 263 271.
45. Villamón E, Gozalbo D, Roig P, O'Connor JE, Ferrandiz ML, Fradelizi D Gil ML (2004b) Toll-like receptor-2 is essential in murine defenses against Candida albicans infections. Microbes Infect 6 : 1 7.
46. Wang JE, Warris A, Ellingsen EA, Jorgensen PF, Flo TH, Espevik T, Solberg R, Verweij PE Aasen AO (2001) Involvement of CD14 and toll-like receptors in activation of human monocytes by Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae. Infect Immun 69 : 2402 2406.
47. Yauch LE, Mansour MK, Shoham S, Rottman JB Levitz SM (2004) Involvement of CD14, toll-like receptors 2 and 4, and MyD88 in the host response to the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans in vivo. Infect Immun 72 : 5373 5382.