Indigenous people incorporated? Culture as politics, culture as property in pharmaceutical bioprospecting

Current Anthropology

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 211-237

  Greene, Shane ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 43249182680     PISSN: 00113204     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/381047     Document Type: Review

References (109)

1. AGUILAR-STØEN, M., AND S. S. DHILLION. 2003. Implementation of the Convention on Biodiversity in Mesoamerica: Environment and development aspects. Environmental Conservation 30:131-38. [SSD]
2. ALBERS-SCHÖNBERG, GEORG. 1995. "The pharmaceutical discovery process," in Intellectual property rights and biodiversity conservation. Edited by T. Swanson, pp. 67-92. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. ALBÓ, XAVIER. 1991. El retorno del indio. Revista Andina 9: 299-345.
4. ALTMAN, JON. 2001. Sustainable development options on aboriginal land: The hybrid economy in the twenty-first century. Australian National University Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research Discussion Paper 226. [SBB]
5. ARTUSO, ANTHONY. 1997. "Capturing the chemical value of biodiversity: Economic perspectives and policy prescriptions," in Biodiversity and human health. Edited by F. Grifo and J. Rosenthal, pp. 184-204. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
6. AYLWARD, BRUCE. 1995. "The role of plant screening and plant supply in biodiversity conservation, drug development, and health care," in Intellectual property rights and biodiversity conservation. Edited by T. Swanson, pp. 93-126. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7. BALLÓN AGUIRRE, FRANCISCO. 1988. Politica de la supervivencia. Centro de Investigación y Promoción Amazónica, Temas Amazónicas 4.
8. BANERJEE, S. B. 2000. Whose land is it anyway? National interest, indigenous stakeholders, and colonial discourses: The case of the Jabiluka uranium mine. Organization and Environment 13 (1):3-38. [SBB]
9. BEBBINGTON, ANTHONY, GRAHAM THIELE, PENELOPE DAVIES, MARTIN PRAGER, AND HERNANDO RIVEROS. 1993. Non-governmental organizations and the state in Latin America. London: Routledge.
10. BERLIN, BERLIN, AND ELOIS ANN BERLIN. 2002. Comment on: Maya medicine in the biological gaze: Bioprospecting research as herbal fetishism, by Ronald Nigh. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 43:466-67.
11. BOYLE, JAMES. 1996. Shamans, software, and spleens. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
12. BROWN, MICHAEL. 1993. Facing the state, facing the world: Amazonia's native leaders and the new politics of identity. L'Homme 33:307-26.
13. -. 1998. Can culture be copyrighted? CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 39:193-222.
14. -. 2003. Who owns native culture? Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
15. BRUSH, STEVEN. 1994. "A non-market approach to protecting biological resources," in Intellectual property rights for indigenous peoples. Edited by T. Greaves, pp. 133-43. Norman, Okla.: Society for Applied Anthropology.
16. -. 1996. "Whose knowledge, whose genes, whose rights?" in Valuing local knowledge. Edited by S. Brush and D. Stabinsky, pp. 1-21. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
17. -. 1999. Bioprospecting the public domain. Cultural Anthropology 14:535-55.
18. BRYSK, ALISON. 2000. From tribal village to global village. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
19. CARNEIRO DA CUNHA, MANUELA, AND MAURO W. B. DE ALMEIDA. 2000. Indigenous people, traditional people, and conservation in the Amazon. Daedalus 129:315-38.
20. CASTREE, N. 2003. Bioprospecting: From theory to practice (and back again). Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 28:35-55. [NC]
21. CHATTERJEE, PRATAP. 1997. Environment: Peru native peoples' stake in medicinal plant deal. Inter Press Service, Global Information Network, March 6.
22. CHIRIF, ALBERTO, PEDRO GARCÍA, AND RICHARD SMITH. 1991. El indígena y su territorio son uno solo. Lima: OXFAM and COICA.
23. CLARK, JOHN. 1990. Democratizing development: The role of voluntary organizations. West Hartford: Kumarian Press.
24. COICA (COORDINADORA DE LAS ORGANIZACIONES INDÍGENAS DE LA CUENCA AMAZÓNICA). 2002. Patente de la planta sagrada ayahuasca. Web site accessed 1/30/2003: www.coica.org/interna.asp?s=5&r=10.
25. COMAROFF, JEAN, AND JOHN COMAROFF. 1991. Of revelation and revolution. Vol. 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. CONKLIN, BETH. 2002. Shamans versus pirates in the Amazonian treasure chest. American Anthropologist 104:1050-61.
27. CONKLIN, BETH, AND LAURA GRAHAM. 1995. The shifting middle ground: Amazonian Indians and eco-politics. American Anthropologist 97:695-710.
28. CONSEIL, DOMINIQUE. 2003. Aveda announces discontinuation of indigenous product CollectionAveda. Accessed on November 14, 2003 (http://www.aveda.com/ about/press/indigenous.asp). [SBB]
29. COOMBE, ROSEMARY. 1998. The cultural life of intellectual properties. Durham: Duke University Press.
30. -. 1999. Intellectual property, human rights, and sovereignty: New dilemmas in international law posed by the recognition of indigenous knowledge and the conservation of biodiversity. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 6:59-116.
31. COX, PAUL, AND MICHAEL BALICK. 1994. The ethnobotanical approach to drug discovery. Scientific American, June.
32. DHILLION, S. S., H. SVARSTAD, C. AMUNDSEN, AND H. C. BUGGE. 2002. Bioprospecting: Effects on the environment and development. AMBIO 31:491-93. [SSD]
33. DOVE, MICHAEL. 1995. "Center, periphery, and biodiversity: A paradox of governance and a developmental challenge," in Valuing local knowledge. Edited by S. Brush and D. Stabinsky, pp. 41-67. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
34. DYE, LEE. 2000. Cures from the forest. August 24, Web site accessed 8/15/03: abcnews.go.com/sections/science/DyeHard/ dyehard000824.html.
35. Economist. 1999. Shaman loses its magic. February 20, p. 77.
36. ELISABETSKY, ELIZABETH. 1991. Folklore, tradition, or know-how? Cultural Survival Quarterly, Summer, pp. 9-13.
37. EWEN, ALEXANDER. 1994. Voice of indigenous peoples: Native people address the United Nations. Santa Fe: Clear Light Publishers.
38. FARNSWORTH, NORMAN. 1990. "The role of ethnopharmacology in drug development," in Bioactive compounds from plants, pp. 2-11. Ciba Foundation Symposium 154. Chichester: Wiley.
39. FISCHER, EDWARD. 1999. Cultural logic and Maya identity: Rethinking constructivism and essentialism. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 40:1-61.
40. FRIEDMAN, JONATHAN. 1999. Indigenous struggles and the discreet charm of the bourgeoisie. Australian Journal of Anthropology 10(1):1-14.
41. GALE, DENNIS. 2001. Company settles suit over Crazy Horse Malt Liquor. Montana Forum, Web site accessed 1/20/03: http: //www.montanaforum.com/rednews/ 2001/04/27/build/tribal/ 27liquorsuit.php?nnn=3.
42. GERSH, JEFF. 1999. Capitalism goes green? San Diego Earth Times, May. Web site accessed 3/10/02: www.sdearthtimes. com/et0599/eto599s3.html.
43. GOERING, LAURIE. 1995. Rain forests may offer new miracle drugs. Chicago Tribune, September 12.
44. GRAHAM, LAURA. 2002. "How should an Indian speak?" in Indigenous movements, self-representation, and the state in Latin America. Edited by K. Warren and J. Jackson, pp. 181-228. Austin: University of Texas.
45. GREENE, SHANE. 2002. "Intellectual property, resources or territory? Reframing the debate over indigenous rights, traditional knowledge, and pharmaceutical bioprospection," in Truth claims: Representation and human rights. Edited by M. Bradley and P. Petro, pp. 229-49. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
46. GUPTA, AKHIL, AND JAMES FERGUSON. 1992. Beyond "culture": Space, identity, and the politics of difference. Cultural Anthropology 7:6-23.
47. HAAS, JONATHAN. 1996. Power, objects, and a voice for anthropology. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 37:S1-22.
48. HANDLER, RICHARD. 1985. "On having a culture," in Objects and others. Historical Anthropology 3. Edited by George Stocking, pp. 192-217. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
49. HARDT, MICHAEL, AND ANTONIO NEGRI. 2000. Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
50. HAYDEN, CORI. 2003. From market to market: Bioprospecting's idioms of inclusion. American Ethnologist 30(3):1-13.
51. -. n.d. "Prospecting's publics," in Property in question. Edited by K. Verdery and C. Humphrey. Oxford: Berg. In press.
52. HELLER, M. A., AND R. S. EISENBERG. 1998. Can patents deter innovation? The anticommons in biomedical research. Science 280:698-701. [SB]
53. KEARNEY, MICHAEL, AND STEFANO VARESE. 1995. "Latin America's indigenous peoples: Changing identities and forms of resistance," in Capital, power, and inequality in Latin America. Edited by S. Halebsky and R. Harris. Boulder: Westview Press.
54. KING, STEVEN, AND MICHAEL TEMPESTA. I994. "From shaman to human clinical trials," in Ethnobotany and the search for new drugs. Ciba Foundation Symposium 185. Edited by D. Chadwick and J. Marsh, pp. 197-206. Chichester: Wiley.
55. LAMBRECHT, BILL. 1998. Bioprospectors find they must be deal-makers as well as scientists. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 11.
56. LEWIS, WALTER, GERARDO LAMAS, ABRAHAM VAISBERG, DAVID CORLEY, AND CESAR SARASARA. 1999. Peruvian medicinal plant sources of new pharmaceuticals (International Cooperative Biodiversity Group-Peru). Pharmaceutical Biology, suppl., 37:69-83.
57. LEWIS, WALTER, AND VEENA RAMANI. n.d. Ethics and practice in ethnobiology: Analysis of the International Cooperative Biodiversity Group Project in Peru. MS.
58. MACILWAIN, COLIN. 1998. When rhetoric hits reality in debate on bioprospecting. Nature 392:535-40.
59. MEYER, CARRIE. 1999. The economics and politics of NGOs in Latin America. Westport: Praeger.
60. MONSANTO. 1998. 1997 report on sustainable development. St. Louis.
61. MONTEJO, VICTOR. 2002. "The multiplicity of Mayan voices: Mayan leadership and the politics of self-representation," in Indigenous movements, self-representation, and the state in Latin America. Edited by K. Warren and J. Jackson, pp. 123-48. Austin: University of Texas.
62. MORAN, KATY, STEVEN KING, AND THOMAS CARLSON. 2001. Biodiversity prospecting: Lessons and prospects. Annual Review of Anthropology 30:505-26.
63. MUEHLEBACH, ANDREA. 2001. "Making place" at the United Nations: Indigenous cultural politics at the U.N. Working Group on Indigenous Populations. Cultural Anthropology 16: 415-48.
64. NIEZEN, RONALD. 2003. The origins of indigenism. Berkeley: University of California Press.
65. NIGH, RONALD. 2002. Maya medicine in the biological gaze: Bioprospecting research as herbal fetishism. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 43:451-77.
66. O'CONNER, TANYA. 2000. Interest drops in rainforest remedies. Health24News 1, July 7.
67. ORLOVE, BENJAMIN, AND STEPHEN BRUSH. 1996. Anthropology and the conservation of biodiversity. Annual Review of Anthropology 25:329-52.
68. OSURI, GOLDIE. 2003. Discourses of aboriginality and governmentality in Australian television news. MS. [SBB]
69. PETRAS, JAMES. 1997. Imperialism and NGOs in Latin America. Monthly Review 49(7):10-27.
70. PLOTKIN, MARK. 1993. Tales of a shaman's apprentice. New York: Viking.
71. POLLACK, ANDREW. 1992. Drug industry going back to nature. New York Times, March 5.
72. POSEY, DARRELL. 1990. Intellectual property rights: What is the position of ethnobiology? Journal of Ethnobiology 10: 93-98.
73. POSEY, DARRELL, AND GRAHAM DUTFIELD. 1996. Beyond intellectual property. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre.
74. PUBLIC CITIZEN. 2001. Rx R&D myths: The case against the drug industry's R&D "scare card." Web site accessed 8/1/01: www.citizen.org.
75. RAFI (RURAL ADVANCEMENT FOUNDATION INTERNATIONAL). 1994. Bioprospecting/biopiracy and indigenous peoples. RAFI Communiqué, November. Web site accessed on 1/ 9/03: http://www.etcgroup.org/article.asp? newsid=212.
76. -. 1995. Biopiracy update: A global pandemic. RAFI Communiqué, September/October. Web site accessed on 1/9/03: http://www.etcgroup.org/article. asp?newsid=206.
77. -. 2000. Stop biopiracy in Mexico! RAFI News, October 23. http://www.etcgroup.org/article.asp?newsid=18 Accessed 2/9/03.
78. RAGHAVAN, CHAKRAVARTHI. 2000. Neem patent revoked by European Patent Office. Web site accessed 1/28/03: www.twnside.org.sg/title/revoked.htm.
79. RAMOS, ALCIDA. 1998. Indigenism: Ethnic politics in Brazil. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
80. RASNAKE, ROGER. 1988. Domination and cultural resistance. Durham: Duke University Press.
81. RAUSSER, G. C., AND A. A. SMALL. 2000. Valuing research leads: Bioprospecting and the conservation of genetic resources. Journal of Political Economy 108:173-206. [SSD]
82. REDFORD, KENT. 1990. The ecologically noble savage. Orion Nature Quarterly 9(3):25-29.
83. REPORT OF A SPECIAL PANEL OF EXPERTS ON THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE BIODIVERSITY GROUP. 1997. Web site accessed on 2/12/01: www.nih.gov/fic/ opportunities/finalreport.html.
84. REQUEST FOR APPLICATIONS ICBG. 1997. International Cooperative Biodiversity Group RFA TW-98-001, August 15. National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Foreign Agricultural Service.
85. ROSENTHAL, JOSHUA. 1997- "Integrating drug discovery, biodiversity conservation, and economic development: Early lessons from the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups," in Biodiversity and human health. Edited by F. Grifo and J. Rosenthal, pp. 281-301. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
86. SHIVA, VANDANA. 2000. The neem tree: A case history of biopiracy. Web site accessed on 1/28/03: www.twnside.org.sg/ title/pir-ch.htm.
87. SMITH, CLAIRE, AND GRAEME WARD. 2000. Indigenous cultures in an interconnected world. St. Leonards, Australia: Allen and Unwin.
88. SMITH, RICHARD CHASE. 1996. "Las políticas de la diversidad: COICA y las federaciones étnicas de la Amazonia," in Pueblos indios, soberania y globalismo. Edited by S. Varese, pp. 81-125. Quito: Abya-Yala.
89. SOEJARTO, DJAJA, CHARLOTTE GYLLENHAAL, JACINTO REGALADO, JOHN PEZZUTO, HARRY FONG, GHEE TENG TAN, NGUYEN TIEN HIEP, LE THI XUAN, DO QUANG BINH, NGUYEN VAN HUNG, TRUONG QUANG BICH, NGUYEN NGHIA THIN, PHAN KE LOC, BUI MINH VU, BOUN HOONG SOUTHAVONG, KONGMANY SYDARA, SOMSANITH BOUAMANIVONG, MELANIE O'NEILL, JANE LEWIS, XINMIN XIE, AND GREGG DIETZMAN. 1999. Studies on biodiversity of Vietnam and Laos: The UIC-Based ICBG Program. Pharmaceutical Biology, suppl., 37:100-13.
90. STERN, STEVE. 1982. Peru's Indian peoples and the challenge of Spanish conquest. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
91. STOLL, DAVID. 1999. Rigoberta Menchú and the story of all poor Guatemalans. Boulder: Westview Press.
92. STRATHERN, MARILYN. 1996. Potential property: Intellectual rights and property in persons. Social Anthropology 4(1):17-32.
93. SVARSTAD, H., AND S. S. DHILLION. Editors. 2000. Responding to bioprospecting: From biodiversity in the South to medicines in the North. Oslo: Spartacus Press. [SSD]
94. SYLVAIN, RENÉE. 2002. "Land, water, and truth": San identity and global indigenism. American Anthropologist 104:1074-85.
95. TIERNEY, PATRICK. 2000. Darkness in El Dorado. New York: Norton.
96. TIMMERMAN, BARBARA, GERALD WACHTER, SUSANNE VALCIC, BARBARA HUTCHINSON, CARLA CASLER, JERRY HENZEL, SUDHA RAM, FAIZ CURRIM, RITA MANAK, SCOTT FRANZBLAU, WILLIAM MAIESE, DEBORAH GALINIS, ENRIQUE SUAREZ, RENEE FORTUNATO, EDGARDO SAAVEDRA, ROBERT BYE, RACHEL MATA, AND GLORIA MONTENEGRO. 1999. The Latin American ICBG: The first five years. Pharmaceutical Biology, suppl., 37:35-54.
97. TOBIN, BRENDAN. 1994. Putting the commercial cart before the cultural horse. Paper written for the Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA). MS.
98. -. 1999a. Know-how licenses: The Peruvian ICBG project and protection of indigenous collective property rights. Paper presented at the Seminario Internacional de Conocimientos Tradicionales y Recursos Genéticos: Una Oportunidad en el Mercado Global, Lima, Peru, May 19-21.
99. -. 1999b. "Protegiendo los derechos de propiedad colectiva: La busqueda de una solution provisional," in Comunidades y conflictos socioambientales. Edited by Pablo Ortiz, pp. 383-95. Quito: Abya-Yala.
100. -. n.d. Putting the commercial cart before the cultural horse: Part 2. MS.
101. TURNER, TERENCE. 1993. The role of indigenous peoples in the environmental crisis: The example of the Kayapó of the Brazilian Amazon. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 36: 526-45.
102. URBAN, GREG, AND JOEL SHERZER. 1991. Nation-States and Indians in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press.
103. VAN COTT, DONNA LEE. 1994. Indigenous peoples and democracy in Latin America. New York: St. Martin's Press.
104. WARREN, KAY. 1998. Indigenous movements and their critics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
105. WARREN, KAY, AND JEAN JACKSON. 2002. Indigenous movements, self-representation, and the state in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press.
106. WENDLAND, W. B. 2002. Intellectual property, traditional knowledge, and folklore: WIPO's exploratory program. International Review of Industrial Property and Copyright Law 33: 485-504, 606-21. [SB]
107. WISER, GLENN. 2001. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office reinstates ayahuasca patent. Web site accessed on 12/15/02: www.ciel.org/publications/ ptodecisionanalysis.pdf.
108. WOLF, ERIC. 1956. Aspects of group relations in a complex society: Mexico. American Anthropologist 58:1065-77.
109. WOLFE, PATRICK. 1999. Settler colonialism and the transformation of anthropology: The politics and poetics of an ethnographic event. London: Cassell. [SBB]