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Volumn 280, Issue 5364, 1998, Pages 698-701

Can patents deter innovation? The anticommons in biomedical research

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LAW; MANAGEMENT; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PATENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0032076909     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5364.698     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1853)

References (40)
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    • note
    • Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights, and Trademarks, The Bayh-Dole Act, A Review of Patent Issues in Federally Funded Research: Hearings on Pub. L. No. 96-517, 103d Cong., 2nd sess., 1-2 (1994).
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    • (1988) The Firm, The Market and the Law , pp. 174
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    • National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Policy on availability and patenting of human genomic DNA sequence produced by NHGRI pilot projects (funded under RFA 95-005) (NHGRI, Bethesda, MD, 1996)
    • National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Policy on availability and patenting of human genomic DNA sequence produced by NHGRI pilot projects (funded under RFA 95-005) (NHGRI, Bethesda, MD, 1996).
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    • Cetus to exact royalties from PCR sales; probe absolves convicted rapist 5 September
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    • note
    • Harvard University, U.S. Patent 4,736,866, 1988; U.S. Patent 5,087,571, 1988. DuPont, as research sponsor, holds an exclusive license under these patents.
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    • note
    • Non-commercial research license agreement between E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Company and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (24 June 1996) (on file with authors).
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    • This interpretation requires careful parsing of inartfully drafted licenses, on file with the authors
    • This interpretation requires careful parsing of inartfully drafted licenses, on file with the authors.
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    • U.S. v. Manufacturers Aircraft Assn., 1975 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15333; 1976-1 Trade Gas. (CCH) ¶ 60,810 (S.D.N.Y. 1975)
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    • note
    • Amgen v. Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., 927 F. 2d 1200 (Fed. Cir. 1991) (erythropoietin); Scripps Clinic & Research Found. v. Genentech, 927 F. 2d 1565 (Fed. Cir. 1991) (factor VIII:C); Genentech v. Wellcome Found., 29 F. 2d 1555 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (tissue plasminogen activator); Hormone Research Found. v. Genentech, 904 F. 2d 1558 (Fed. Cir. 1990) (human growth hormone); Genentech v. Eli Lilly & Co., 998 F. 2d 931 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (human growth hormone); Bio-Technology General v. Genentech, 80 F. 3d 1553 (Fed. Cir. 1996) (human growth hormone); Genentech v. Novo Nordisk, 108 F. 3d 1361 (Fed. Cir. 1997) (human growth hormone); Genentech v. Chiron, 112 F. 3d 495 (Fed. Cir. 1997) (insulin-like growth factor); Regents of the Univ. of Calif. v. Eli Lilly, 119 F. 3d 1559 (Fed. Cir. 1997).
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    • note
    • Supported by the Cook Endowment at the University of Michigan Law School and the Office of Health and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy. We thank I. Cockburn, F. Collins, R. Cook-Deegan, S. Cullen, R. Ellickson, P. Goldstein, D. Hanahan, E. Jordan, K. Paigen, R. Nelson, N. Netanel, E. Posner, H. Varmus, anonymous reviewers for Science, and workshop participants at the National Bureau of Economic Research and the University of Michigan, Stanford University, and George Washington University law schools for reading and commenting on earlier versions of this manuscript.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.