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Volumn 130, Issue 15, 2008, Pages 5341-5348

On the mechanism of asymmetric allylation of aldehydes with allyltrichlorosilanes catalyzed by QUINOX, a chiral isoquinoline N-oxide

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLYLTRICHLOROSILANES; ASYMMETRIC ALLYLATION; CROTYLATION; QUANTUM CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS;

EID: 42149130246     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja711338q     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (124)

References (111)
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    • 2 fashion), see, for example: Shambayati, S.; Crowe, W. E.; Schreiber, S. L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 256.
    • 2 fashion), see, for example: Shambayati, S.; Crowe, W. E.; Schreiber, S. L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 256.
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    • 3SiH by chiral tertiary amides derived from amino acids, see: Iwasaki, F.; Omonura, O.; Mishima, K.; Kanematsu, T.; Maki, T.; Matsumura, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 2525.
    • 3SiH by chiral tertiary amides derived from amino acids, see: Iwasaki, F.; Omonura, O.; Mishima, K.; Kanematsu, T.; Maki, T.; Matsumura, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 2525.
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    • (a) Smith, K. In Organometallics in Synthesis; Schlosser, M., Ed.; J. Wiley and Sons; Chichester, U.K., 2002; p 514.
    • (2002) Organometallics in Synthesis , pp. 514
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  • 53
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    • For the most recent example of bipyridine N,N-bisoxide catalyst, see : Chelucci, G.; Belmonte, N.; Benaglia, M.; Pignataro, L. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48, 4037.
    • (e) For the most recent example of bipyridine N,N-bisoxide catalyst, see : Chelucci, G.; Belmonte, N.; Benaglia, M.; Pignataro, L. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48, 4037.
  • 56
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    • For mechanistic studies on the related aldol reaction, see
    • (b) For mechanistic studies on the related aldol reaction, see: Denmark, S. E.; Bui, T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101, 5439.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.101 , pp. 5439
    • Denmark, S.E.1    Bui, T.2
  • 59
    • 34547311382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For mechanistic studies on Lewis-base catalyzed opening of epoxides with chlorosilanes, see
    • (e) For mechanistic studies on Lewis-base catalyzed opening of epoxides with chlorosilanes, see: Denmark, S. E.; Barsanti, P. A.; Beutner, G. L.; Wilson, T. W. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2007, 349, 567.
    • (2007) Adv. Synth. Catal , vol.349 , pp. 567
    • Denmark, S.E.1    Barsanti, P.A.2    Beutner, G.L.3    Wilson, T.W.4
  • 60
    • 42149111005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the allylation, unlike in the related aldol reaction (ref 22d, the minor, one catalyst manifold could not be characterized ref 22a
    • In the allylation, unlike in the related aldol reaction (ref 22d), the minor, one catalyst manifold could not be characterized (ref 22a).
  • 65
    • 23044493928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For other N-monooxide catalysts, see: Traverse, J. F.; Zhao, Y.; Hoveyda, A. H.; Snapper, M. L. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 3151.
    • (e) For other N-monooxide catalysts, see: Traverse, J. F.; Zhao, Y.; Hoveyda, A. H.; Snapper, M. L. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 3151.
  • 69
    • 0037010822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (+)-QUINOX has been first prepared by Nakajima, including the same Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and resolution. However, the synthesis was mentioned as a footnote without revealing the conditions, and the absolute configuration was not determined. Nakajima, M.; Saito, M.; Uemura, M.; Hashimoto, S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 8827.
    • (+)-QUINOX has been first prepared by Nakajima, including the same Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and resolution. However, the synthesis was mentioned as a footnote without revealing the conditions, and the absolute configuration was not determined. Nakajima, M.; Saito, M.; Uemura, M.; Hashimoto, S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 8827.
  • 73
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    • For the previous use of BINOL as a resolving agent, see refs 18, 19a, 26, and Nakajima, M.; Saito, M.; Hashimoto, S. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 2449.
    • For the previous use of BINOL as a resolving agent, see refs 18, 19a, 26, and Nakajima, M.; Saito, M.; Hashimoto, S. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 2449.
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    • For a discussion of isoinversion principle, see:, VCH: Weinheim, Germany
    • (a) For a discussion of isoinversion principle, see: Schmid, R.; Sapunov, V. N. Non-formal Kinetics; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1982.
    • (1982) Non-formal Kinetics
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    • For comparison, see ref 16b and the following: Hackman, B. M, Lombardi, P. J, Leighton, J. L. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 4375
    • (a) For comparison, see ref 16b and the following: Hackman, B. M.; Lombardi, P. J.; Leighton, J. L. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 4375.
  • 80
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    • For a similar effect in the related aldol reaction, ref 22d
    • For a similar effect in the related aldol reaction, ref 22d.
  • 81
    • 42149168059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1H NMR revealed that both catalysts 9 and 19 remained intact for the duration of the process; no reduction of the N-oxide group or catalyst decomposition was observed under the reaction conditions.
    • 1H NMR revealed that both catalysts 9 and 19 remained intact for the duration of the process; no reduction of the N-oxide group or catalyst decomposition was observed under the reaction conditions.
  • 82
    • 42149188359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the allylation, the C-C bond formation was assumed to be a rate-limiting step (ref 22a) but not confirmed by kinetic experiments
    • In the allylation, the C-C bond formation was assumed to be a rate-limiting step (ref 22a) but not confirmed by kinetic experiments.
  • 83
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    • A similar value (ρ = 1.18) has been reported for the allylation of aldehydes with allysiliconates: Hosomi, A.; Kohra, S.; Ogata, K.; Yanagi, T.; Tominaga, Y. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 2415.
    • A similar value (ρ = 1.18) has been reported for the allylation of aldehydes with allysiliconates: Hosomi, A.; Kohra, S.; Ogata, K.; Yanagi, T.; Tominaga, Y. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 2415.
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    • For an analogous nonlinear behavior at high σ values, observed for the silicon-directed aldol condensation, see
    • For an analogous nonlinear behavior at high σ values, observed for the silicon-directed aldol condensation, see: Myers, A. G.; Widdowson, K. L.; Kukkola, P. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2765.
    • (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.114 , pp. 2765
    • Myers, A.G.1    Widdowson, K.L.2    Kukkola, P.J.3
  • 85
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    • 2 = 0.87.
    • 2 = 0.87.
  • 98
    • 42149163589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The free energy calculated according to equation 1 is regarded as a good approximation to ΔG in diluted solution.
    • The free energy calculated according to equation 1 is regarded as a good approximation to ΔG in diluted solution.
  • 103
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    • Werner, H.-J, et al. MOLPRO, a package of ab initio programs, version 2002.6, 2006
    • Werner, H.-J.; et al. MOLPRO,. a package of ab initio programs, version 2002.6, 2006.
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    • In fact, this value was obtained by constraining the complex geometry to preserve the bidentate binding mode of QUINOX, because this structure is not a minimum on the potential-energy surface of the complex and its geometry optimization converges to a monodentate structure
    • In fact, this value was obtained by constraining the complex geometry to preserve the bidentate binding mode of QUINOX, because this structure is not a minimum on the potential-energy surface of the complex and its geometry optimization converges to a monodentate structure.
  • 106
    • 42149178569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 increase of the reaction rate, which is in agreement with the experimental observations.
    • 3 increase of the reaction rate, which is in agreement with the experimental observations.
  • 107
    • 42149160197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - ion, which has to be taken into account in the dissociative reaction mechanism; however, this factor is unlikely to affect the overall picture significantly.
    • - ion, which has to be taken into account in the dissociative reaction mechanism; however, this factor is unlikely to affect the overall picture significantly.
  • 108
    • 42149181959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TS barrier calculated for the reaction of benzaldehyde and allyltrichlorosilane catalyzed by pyridine N-oxide is ΔG‡, 27.5 kcal mol-1
    • -1.
  • 109
    • 42149091784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of the energy differences in the free energy barriers in the associative mechanism between the (R) and (S) enantiomers (in kcal mol-1) are as follows: in vacuo energies ΔE gp, 0.3; solvation free energies ΔGsolv, 0.7; in vacuo entropic terms Δ(-TΔS)gp, 0.5; and dispersion energy stabilizations ΔEdisp, 1.1
    • disp = -1.1.
  • 110
    • 42149087225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • -1. In the real system, the difference in arene-arene interactions energies for (R)- and (S)-manifolds is expected to further increase.
    • -1. In the real system, the difference in arene-arene interactions energies for (R)- and (S)-manifolds is expected to further increase.
  • 111
    • 42149178568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • -1.
    • -1.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.