메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 786-796

Glucocorticoids regulate innate immunity in a model of multiple sclerosis: Reciprocal interactions between the A1 adenosine receptor and β-arrestin-1 in monocytoid cells

Author keywords

Central nervous system; Cytokines; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; G protein coupled receptor

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE A1 RECEPTOR; BETA ARRESTIN 1; CYTOKINE; DEXAMETHASONE; PREDNISONE;

EID: 40449126433     PISSN: 08926638     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-9002com     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0036518997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immunity: The missing link in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration?
    • Nguyen, M. D., Julien, J. P., and Rivest, S. (2002) Innate immunity: the missing link in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration? Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 216-227
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 216-227
    • Nguyen, M.D.1    Julien, J.P.2    Rivest, S.3
  • 3
    • 0028123075 scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic differences between human monocytes/ macrophages and microglial cells studied in situ and in vitro
    • Ulvestad, E., Williams, K., Mork, S., Antel, J., and Nyland, H. (1994) Phenotypic differences between human monocytes/ macrophages and microglial cells studied in situ and in vitro. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 53, 492-501
    • (1994) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 492-501
    • Ulvestad, E.1    Williams, K.2    Mork, S.3    Antel, J.4    Nyland, H.5
  • 4
    • 0032942060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia as mediators of inflammatory and degenerative diseases
    • Gonzalez-Scarano, F., and Baltuch, G. (1999) Microglia as mediators of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 22, 219-240
    • (1999) Annu. Rev. Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 219-240
    • Gonzalez-Scarano, F.1    Baltuch, G.2
  • 6
    • 29144494827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of neural cell survival by HIV-1 infection
    • Jones, G., and Power, C. (2006) Regulation of neural cell survival by HIV-1 infection. Neurobiol. Dis. 21, 1-17
    • (2006) Neurobiol. Dis , vol.21 , pp. 1-17
    • Jones, G.1    Power, C.2
  • 7
    • 0035152140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression is neuroprotective after intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Mayne, M., Ni, W., Yan, H. J., Xue, M., Johnston, J. B., Del Bigio, M. R. Peeling, J., and Power, C. (2001) Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression is neuroprotective after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 32, 240-248
    • (2001) Stroke , vol.32 , pp. 240-248
    • Mayne, M.1    Ni, W.2    Yan, H.J.3    Xue, M.4    Johnston, J.B.5    Del Bigio, M.R.6    Peeling, J.7    Power, C.8
  • 8
    • 0035004684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diminished adenosine A1 receptor expression on macrophages in brain and blood of patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Johnston, J. B., Silva, C., Gonzalez, G., Holden, J. K. G. Warren, L., Metz, M., and Power, C. (2001) Diminished adenosine A1 receptor expression on macrophages in brain and blood of patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 49, 650-658
    • (2001) Ann. Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 650-658
    • Johnston, J.B.1    Silva, C.2    Gonzalez, G.3    Holden, J.K.G.4    Warren, L.5    Metz, M.6    Power, C.7
  • 9
    • 0030588630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenosine receptor agonists differentially regulate IL-10, TNF-alpha, and nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and in endotoxemic mice
    • Hasko, G., Szabo, C., Nemeth, Z. H., Kvetan, V., Pastores, S. M., and Vizi, E. S. (1996) Adenosine receptor agonists differentially regulate IL-10, TNF-alpha, and nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and in endotoxemic mice. J. Immunol. 157, 4634-4640
    • (1996) J. Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 4634-4640
    • Hasko, G.1    Szabo, C.2    Nemeth, Z.H.3    Kvetan, V.4    Pastores, S.M.5    Vizi, E.S.6
  • 10
    • 0036382165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective role of adenosine in the CNS
    • Wardas, J. (2002) Neuroprotective role of adenosine in the CNS. Pol. J. Pharmacol. 54, 313-326
    • (2002) Pol. J. Pharmacol , vol.54 , pp. 313-326
    • Wardas, J.1
  • 11
    • 0034991967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of demyelinating diseases at the interface between etiology and pathogenesis
    • Lassmann, H. (2001) Classification of demyelinating diseases at the interface between etiology and pathogenesis. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 14, 253-258
    • (2001) Curr. Opin. Neurol , vol.14 , pp. 253-258
    • Lassmann, H.1
  • 14
    • 0029762023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review: Cytokines and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
    • Navikas, V., and Link, H. (1996) Review: cytokines and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. J. Neurosci. Res. 45, 322-333
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.45 , pp. 322-333
    • Navikas, V.1    Link, H.2
  • 17
    • 0035405886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metalloproteinases in biology and pathology of the nervous system
    • Yong, V. W., Power, C., Forsyth, P., and Edwards, D. R. (2001) Metalloproteinases in biology and pathology of the nervous system. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 2, 502-511
    • (2001) Nature Rev. Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 502-511
    • Yong, V.W.1    Power, C.2    Forsyth, P.3    Edwards, D.R.4
  • 18
    • 1642281535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: Pathology of the newly forming lesion
    • Barnett, M. H., and Prineas, J. W. (2004) Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: pathology of the newly forming lesion. Ann. Neurol. 55, 458-468
    • (2004) Ann. Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 458-468
    • Barnett, M.H.1    Prineas, J.W.2
  • 19
    • 0032587884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of adenosine A1 receptor-mediated cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients
    • Mayne, M., Shepel, P. N., Jiang, Y., Geiger, J. D., and Power, C. (1999) Dysregulation of adenosine A1 receptor-mediated cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients. Ann. Neurol. 45, 633-639
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol , vol.45 , pp. 633-639
    • Mayne, M.1    Shepel, P.N.2    Jiang, Y.3    Geiger, J.D.4    Power, C.5
  • 20
    • 1242336753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A1 adenosine receptor upregulation and activation attenuates neuroinflammation and demyelination in a model of multiple sclerosis
    • Tsutsui, S., Schnermann, J., Noorbakhsh, F., Henry, S., Yong, V. W., Winston, B. W., Warren, K., and Power, C. (2004) A1 adenosine receptor upregulation and activation attenuates neuroinflammation and demyelination in a model of multiple sclerosis. J. Neurosci. 24, 1521-1529
    • (2004) J. Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1521-1529
    • Tsutsui, S.1    Schnermann, J.2    Noorbakhsh, F.3    Henry, S.4    Yong, V.W.5    Winston, B.W.6    Warren, K.7    Power, C.8
  • 21
  • 22
    • 34250158457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enolase and arrestin are novel nonmyelin autoantigens in multiple sclerosis
    • Forooghian, F., Cheung, R. K., Smith, W. C., O'Connor, P., and Dosch, H. M. (2007) Enolase and arrestin are novel nonmyelin autoantigens in multiple sclerosis. J. Clin. Immunol. 27, 388-396
    • (2007) J. Clin. Immunol , vol.27 , pp. 388-396
    • Forooghian, F.1    Cheung, R.K.2    Smith, W.C.3    O'Connor, P.4    Dosch, H.M.5
  • 23
    • 0037377235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the G-protein-coupled receptor desensitization machinery during relapsing-progressive experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Vroon, A., Lombardi, M. S., Kavelaars, A., and Heijnen, C. J. (2003) Changes in the G-protein-coupled receptor desensitization machinery during relapsing-progressive experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Neuroimmunol. 137, 79-86
    • (2003) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.137 , pp. 79-86
    • Vroon, A.1    Lombardi, M.S.2    Kavelaars, A.3    Heijnen, C.J.4
  • 24
    • 33846799366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis with atorvastatin and lovastatin
    • Kohno, H., Sakai, T., Saito, S., Okano, K., and Kitahara, K. (2007) Treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis with atorvastatin and lovastatin. Exp. Eye. Res. 84, 569-576
    • (2007) Exp. Eye. Res , vol.84 , pp. 569-576
    • Kohno, H.1    Sakai, T.2    Saito, S.3    Okano, K.4    Kitahara, K.5
  • 25
    • 0030880425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short term desensitization of the A1 adenosine receptors in DDT1MF-2 cells
    • Nie, Z., Mei, Y., and Ramkumar, V. (1997) Short term desensitization of the A1 adenosine receptors in DDT1MF-2 cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 52, 456-464
    • (1997) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 456-464
    • Nie, Z.1    Mei, Y.2    Ramkumar, V.3
  • 26
    • 0033946875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids for multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
    • Brusaferri, F., and Candelise, L. (2000) Steroids for multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. J. Neurol. 247, 435-442
    • (2000) J. Neurol , vol.247 , pp. 435-442
    • Brusaferri, F.1    Candelise, L.2
  • 27
    • 0031831134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high-dose methylprednisolone administration on immune functions in multiple sclerosis patients
    • Wandinger, K. P., Wessel, K., Trillenberg, P., Heindl, N., and Kirchner, H. (1998) Effect of high-dose methylprednisolone administration on immune functions in multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol. Scand. 97, 359-365
    • (1998) Acta Neurol. Scand , vol.97 , pp. 359-365
    • Wandinger, K.P.1    Wessel, K.2    Trillenberg, P.3    Heindl, N.4    Kirchner, H.5
  • 28
    • 0036094479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone acts on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and endothelium in inhibiting migration phenomena in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Gelati, M., Corsini, E., De Rossi, M., Masini, L., Bernardi, G., Massa, G., Boiardi, A., and Salmaggi, A. (2002) Methylprednisolone acts on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and endothelium in inhibiting migration phenomena in patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch. Neurol. 59, 774-780
    • (2002) Arch. Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 774-780
    • Gelati, M.1    Corsini, E.2    De Rossi, M.3    Masini, L.4    Bernardi, G.5    Massa, G.6    Boiardi, A.7    Salmaggi, A.8
  • 29
    • 0035175408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose methylprednisolone therapy in multiple sclerosis induces apoptosis in peripheral blood leukocytes
    • Leussink, V. I., Jung, S., Merschdorf, U., Toyka, K. V., and Gold, R. (2001) High-dose methylprednisolone therapy in multiple sclerosis induces apoptosis in peripheral blood leukocytes. Arch. Neurol. 58, 91-97
    • (2001) Arch. Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 91-97
    • Leussink, V.I.1    Jung, S.2    Merschdorf, U.3    Toyka, K.V.4    Gold, R.5
  • 30
    • 0025948995 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor activation leads to up-regulation of adenosine A1 receptors and down-regulation of adenosine A2 responses in DDT1 MF-2 smooth muscle cells
    • Gerwins, P., and Fredholm, B. B. (1991) Glucocorticoid receptor activation leads to up-regulation of adenosine A1 receptors and down-regulation of adenosine A2 responses in DDT1 MF-2 smooth muscle cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 40, 149-155
    • (1991) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.40 , pp. 149-155
    • Gerwins, P.1    Fredholm, B.B.2
  • 31
    • 0034662085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 is a key regulator of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in human neurons in culture and following mouse brain trauma in vivo
    • Vecil, G. G., Larsen, P. H., Corley, S. M., Herx, L. M., Besson, A. Goodyer, C. G., and Yong, V. W. (2000) Interleukin-1 is a key regulator of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in human neurons in culture and following mouse brain trauma in vivo. J. Neurosci. Res. 61, 212-224
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.61 , pp. 212-224
    • Vecil, G.G.1    Larsen, P.H.2    Corley, S.M.3    Herx, L.M.4    Besson, A.5    Goodyer, C.G.6    Yong, V.W.7
  • 32
    • 33746351059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual and both non-visual arrestins in their "inactive" conformation bind JNK3 and Mdm2 and relocalize them from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
    • Song, X., Raman, D., Gurevich, E. V., Vishnivetskiy, S. A., and Gurevich, V. V. (2006) Visual and both non-visual arrestins in their "inactive" conformation bind JNK3 and Mdm2 and relocalize them from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 21491-21499
    • (2006) J. Biol. Chem , vol.281 , pp. 21491-21499
    • Song, X.1    Raman, D.2    Gurevich, E.V.3    Vishnivetskiy, S.A.4    Gurevich, V.V.5
  • 36
    • 4644357256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bioavailability of IV methylprednisolone and oral prednisone in multiple sclerosis
    • Morrow, S. A., Stoian, C. A., Dmitrovic, J., Chan, S. C., and Metz, L. M. (2004) The bioavailability of IV methylprednisolone and oral prednisone in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 63, 1079-1080
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1079-1080
    • Morrow, S.A.1    Stoian, C.A.2    Dmitrovic, J.3    Chan, S.C.4    Metz, L.M.5
  • 37
    • 0036260089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting leukocyte MMPs and transmigration: Minocycline as a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis
    • Brundula, V., Rewcastle, N. B., Metz, L. M., Bernard, C. C., and Yong, V. W. (2002) Targeting leukocyte MMPs and transmigration: minocycline as a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis. Brain 125, 1297-1308
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 1297-1308
    • Brundula, V.1    Rewcastle, N.B.2    Metz, L.M.3    Bernard, C.C.4    Yong, V.W.5
  • 38
    • 0027251845 scopus 로고
    • Long-term psychosocial sequelae of chronic physical disorders in childhood
    • Pless, I. B., Power, C., and Peckham, C. S. (1993) Long-term psychosocial sequelae of chronic physical disorders in childhood. Pediatrics 91, 1131-1136
    • (1993) Pediatrics , vol.91 , pp. 1131-1136
    • Pless, I.B.1    Power, C.2    Peckham, C.S.3
  • 40
    • 17644402459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transduction of receptor signals by beta-arrestins
    • Lefkowitz, R. J., and Shenoy, S. K. (2005) Transduction of receptor signals by beta-arrestins. Science 308, 512-517
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 512-517
    • Lefkowitz, R.J.1    Shenoy, S.K.2
  • 41
    • 0030138947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids
    • Cato, A. C., and Wade, E. (1996) Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids. Bioessays 18, 371-378
    • (1996) Bioessays , vol.18 , pp. 371-378
    • Cato, A.C.1    Wade, E.2
  • 42
    • 0032467785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease
    • De Kloet, E. R., Vreugdenhil, E., Oitzl, M. S., and Joels, M. (1998) Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease. Endocr. Rev. 19, 269-301
    • (1998) Endocr. Rev , vol.19 , pp. 269-301
    • De Kloet, E.R.1    Vreugdenhil, E.2    Oitzl, M.S.3    Joels, M.4
  • 43
    • 2542427511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis
    • Yong, V. W. (2004) Prospects for neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis. Front Biosci. 9, 864-872
    • (2004) Front Biosci , vol.9 , pp. 864-872
    • Yong, V.W.1
  • 45
    • 1342281272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The identification of ligands at orphan G-protein coupled receptors
    • Wise, A., Jupe, S. C., and Rees, S. (2004) The identification of ligands at orphan G-protein coupled receptors. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 44, 43-66
    • (2004) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol , vol.44 , pp. 43-66
    • Wise, A.1    Jupe, S.C.2    Rees, S.3
  • 47
    • 2942618584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-arrestins: Traffic cops of cell signaling
    • Lefkowitz, R. J., and Whalen, E. J. (2004) Beta-arrestins: traffic cops of cell signaling. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16, 162-168
    • (2004) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 162-168
    • Lefkowitz, R.J.1    Whalen, E.J.2
  • 49
    • 0035101820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolving concepts in G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis: The role in receptor desensitization and signaling
    • Ferguson, S. S. (2001) Evolving concepts in G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis: the role in receptor desensitization and signaling. Pharmacol. Rev. 53, 1-24
    • (2001) Pharmacol. Rev , vol.53 , pp. 1-24
    • Ferguson, S.S.1
  • 50
    • 0036209874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocytosis of G protein-coupled receptors: Roles of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and beta-arrestin proteins
    • Claing, A., Laporte, S. A., Caron, M. G., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (2002) Endocytosis of G protein-coupled receptors: roles of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and beta-arrestin proteins. Prog. Neurobiol. 66, 61-79
    • (2002) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 61-79
    • Claing, A.1    Laporte, S.A.2    Caron, M.G.3    Lefkowitz, R.J.4
  • 51
    • 0035040532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular approach to adenosine receptors: Receptor-mediated mechanisms of tissue protection
    • Linden, J. (2001) Molecular approach to adenosine receptors: receptor-mediated mechanisms of tissue protection. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 41, 775-787
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol , vol.41 , pp. 775-787
    • Linden, J.1
  • 52
    • 0033023895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone stimulates human A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) gene expression through multiple regulatory sites in promoter B
    • Ren, H., and Stiles, G. L. (1999) Dexamethasone stimulates human A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) gene expression through multiple regulatory sites in promoter B. Mol. Pharmacol. 55, 309-316
    • (1999) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 309-316
    • Ren, H.1    Stiles, G.L.2
  • 53
    • 0033553573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the murine A1 adenosine receptor promoter, potent regulation by GATA-4 and Nkx2.5
    • Rivkees, S. A., Chen, M., Kulkarni, J., Browne, J., and Zhao, Z. (1999) Characterization of the murine A1 adenosine receptor promoter, potent regulation by GATA-4 and Nkx2.5. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 14204-14209
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem , vol.274 , pp. 14204-14209
    • Rivkees, S.A.1    Chen, M.2    Kulkarni, J.3    Browne, J.4    Zhao, Z.5
  • 54
    • 0027173953 scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of human beta-arrestin-1: Cloning, tissue distribution, and regulation of expression. Identification of two isoforms generated by alternative splicing
    • Parruti, G., Peracchia, F., Sallese, M., Ambrosini, G., Masini, M., Rotilio, D., and De Blasi, A. (1993) Molecular analysis of human beta-arrestin-1: cloning, tissue distribution, and regulation of expression. Identification of two isoforms generated by alternative splicing. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 9753-9761
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem , vol.268 , pp. 9753-9761
    • Parruti, G.1    Peracchia, F.2    Sallese, M.3    Ambrosini, G.4    Masini, M.5    Rotilio, D.6    De Blasi, A.7
  • 55
    • 0035966002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in ligand-independent sequestration of CXCR4 in human primary monocytes-macrophages
    • Wang, J., Guan, E., Roderiquez, G., Calvert, V., Alvarez, R., and Norcross, M. A. (2001) Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in ligand-independent sequestration of CXCR4 in human primary monocytes-macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 49236-49243
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem , vol.276 , pp. 49236-49243
    • Wang, J.1    Guan, E.2    Roderiquez, G.3    Calvert, V.4    Alvarez, R.5    Norcross, M.A.6
  • 56
    • 0035476518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor: A new putative therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis
    • McQualter, J. L., Darwiche, R., Ewing, C., Onuki, M., Kay, T. W., Hamilton, J. A., Reid, H. H., and Bernard, C. C. (2001) Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor: a new putative therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. J. Exp. Med. 194, 873-882
    • (2001) J. Exp. Med , vol.194 , pp. 873-882
    • McQualter, J.L.1    Darwiche, R.2    Ewing, C.3    Onuki, M.4    Kay, T.W.5    Hamilton, J.A.6    Reid, H.H.7    Bernard, C.C.8
  • 57
    • 33846018916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GM-CSF production by autoreactive T cells is required for the activation of microglial cells and the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Ponomarev, E. D., Shriver, L. P., Maresz, K., Pedras-Vasconcelos, J., Verthelyi, D., and Dittel, B. N. (2007) GM-CSF production by autoreactive T cells is required for the activation of microglial cells and the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 178, 39-48
    • (2007) J. Immunol , vol.178 , pp. 39-48
    • Ponomarev, E.D.1    Shriver, L.P.2    Maresz, K.3    Pedras-Vasconcelos, J.4    Verthelyi, D.5    Dittel, B.N.6
  • 58
    • 0035999665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1a counteracts effects of activation on the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinases 2 and 3, beta-arrestin-1, and regulators of G-protein signalling 2 and 16 in human mononuclear leukocytes
    • Giorelli, M., Livrea, P., Defazio, G., Iacovelli, L., Capobianco, L., Picascia, A., Sallese, M., Martino, D., Aniello, M. S., Trojano, M., and De Blasi, A. (2002) Interferon beta-1a counteracts effects of activation on the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinases 2 and 3, beta-arrestin-1, and regulators of G-protein signalling 2 and 16 in human mononuclear leukocytes. Cell. Signal. 14, 673-678
    • (2002) Cell. Signal , vol.14 , pp. 673-678
    • Giorelli, M.1    Livrea, P.2    Defazio, G.3    Iacovelli, L.4    Capobianco, L.5    Picascia, A.6    Sallese, M.7    Martino, D.8    Aniello, M.S.9    Trojano, M.10    De Blasi, A.11
  • 59
    • 0036300851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of leukocyte-endothelial interactions by glucocorticoids
    • Pitzalis, C., Pipitone, N., and Perretti, M. (2002) Regulation of leukocyte-endothelial interactions by glucocorticoids. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 966, 108-118
    • (2002) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , vol.966 , pp. 108-118
    • Pitzalis, C.1    Pipitone, N.2    Perretti, M.3
  • 60
    • 0031081426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of gene expression by the glucocorticoid receptor: Role of protein-protein interactions
    • McEwan, I. J., Wright, A. P., and Gustafsson, J. A. (1997) Mechanism of gene expression by the glucocorticoid receptor: role of protein-protein interactions. Bioessays 19, 153-160
    • (1997) Bioessays , vol.19 , pp. 153-160
    • McEwan, I.J.1    Wright, A.P.2    Gustafsson, J.A.3
  • 61
    • 0029073212 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional control of the rat serotonin-2 receptor gene
    • Garlow, S. J., and Ciaranello, R. D. (1995) Transcriptional control of the rat serotonin-2 receptor gene. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 31, 201-209
    • (1995) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res , vol.31 , pp. 201-209
    • Garlow, S.J.1    Ciaranello, R.D.2
  • 62
    • 0025015647 scopus 로고
    • Antitumor promotion and antiinflammation: Down-modulation of AP-1 (Fos/Jun) activity by glucocorticoid hormone
    • Jonat, C., Rahmsdorf, H. J., Park, K. K., Cato, A. C. Gebel, S., Ponta, H., and Herrlich, P. (1990) Antitumor promotion and antiinflammation: down-modulation of AP-1 (Fos/Jun) activity by glucocorticoid hormone. Cell 62, 1189-1204
    • (1990) Cell , vol.62 , pp. 1189-1204
    • Jonat, C.1    Rahmsdorf, H.J.2    Park, K.K.3    Cato, A.C.4    Gebel, S.5    Ponta, H.6    Herrlich, P.7
  • 63
    • 0029032699 scopus 로고
    • The glucocorticoid receptor synergizes with Jun homodimers to activate AP-1-regulated promoters lacking GR binding sites
    • Teurich, S., and Angel, P. (1995) The glucocorticoid receptor synergizes with Jun homodimers to activate AP-1-regulated promoters lacking GR binding sites. Chem. Senses 20, 251-255
    • (1995) Chem. Senses , vol.20 , pp. 251-255
    • Teurich, S.1    Angel, P.2
  • 64
    • 0030979944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids regulate the expression of adenosine A1 but not A(2A) receptors in rat brain
    • Svenningsson, P., and Fredholm, B. B. (1997) Glucocorticoids regulate the expression of adenosine A1 but not A(2A) receptors in rat brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 280, 1094-1101
    • (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.280 , pp. 1094-1101
    • Svenningsson, P.1    Fredholm, B.B.2
  • 65
    • 0036400960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of autoimmune attack and disease progression in multiple sclerosis: Current therapies and future prospects
    • Pender, M. P., and Wolfe, N. P. (2002) Prevention of autoimmune attack and disease progression in multiple sclerosis: current therapies and future prospects. Intern. Med. J. 32, 554-563
    • (2002) Intern. Med. J , vol.32 , pp. 554-563
    • Pender, M.P.1    Wolfe, N.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.