EMX2 regulates sizes and positioning of the primary sensory and motor areas in neocortex by direct specification of cortical progenitors

Neuron

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 359-372

  Hamasaki, Tadashi ^a   Leingärtner, Axel ^a   Ringstedt, Thomas ^a   O'Leary, Dennis D M ^a  

^a SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 8; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR EMX2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PAX6; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BRAIN SIZE; DOWN REGULATION; EMBRYO; FEMALE; HETEROZYGOSITY; HOMOZYGOSITY; MOTOR CORTEX; MOUSE; NEOCORTEX; NONHUMAN; PERINATAL PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REGULATORY MECHANISM; SENSORY CORTEX; SURVIVAL; THALAMUS; TRANSGENIC MOUSE; WILD TYPE;

ANIMALS; CELL SIZE; EYE PROTEINS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; HUMANS; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MICE, KNOCKOUT; MICE, TRANSGENIC; MOTOR CORTEX; NEOCORTEX; PAIRED BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; RATS; REPRESSOR PROTEINS; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; STEM CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 4043118347     PISSN: 08966273     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.07.016     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Bishop K.M., Goudreau G., O'Leary D.D.M. Regulation of area identity in the mammalian neocortex by Emx2 and Pax6. Science. 288:2000;344-349
2. Bishop K.M., Rubenstein J.L.R., O'Leary D.D.M. Distinct actions of Emx1, Emx2, and Pax6 in regulating the specification of areas in the developing neocortex. J. Neurosci. 22:2002;7627-7638
3. Bishop K.M., Garel S., Nakagawa Y., Rubenstein J.L.R., O'Leary D.D.M. Emx1 and Emx2 cooperate to regulate cortical size, lamination, neuronal differentiation, development of cortical efferents, and thalamocortical pathfinding. J. Comp. Neurol. 457:2003;345-360
4. Braisted J.E., Tuttle R., O'Leary D.D.M. Thalamocortical axons are influenced by chemorepellent and chemoattractant activities localized to decision points along their path. Dev. Biol. 208:1999;430-440
5. Crossley P.H., Martinez S., Ohkubo Y., Rubenstein J.L.R. Coordinate expression of Fgf8, Otx2, Bmp4, and Shh in the rostral prosencephalon during development of the telencephalic and optic vesicles. Neuroscience. 108:2001;183-206
6. Dahlstrand J., Lardelli M., Lendahl U. Nestin mRNA expression correlates with the central nervous system progenitor cell state in many, but not all, regions of developing central nervous system. Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 84:1995;109-129
7. Fujimiya M., Kimura H., Maeda T. Postnatal development of serotonin nerve fibers in the somatosensory cortex of mice studied by immunohistochemistry. J. Comp. Neurol. 246:1986;191-201
8. Fukuchi-Shimogori T., Grove E.A. Neocortex patterning by the secreted signaling molecule FGF8. Science. 294:2001;1071-1074
9. Fukuchi-Shimogori T., Grove E.A. Emx2 patterns the neocortex by regulating FGF positional signaling. Nat. Neurosci. 6:2003;825-831
10. Furuta Y., Piston D.W., Hogan B.L. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) as regulators of dorsal forebrain development. Development. 124:1997;2203-2212
11. Garel S., Yun K., Grosschedl R., Rubenstein J.L.R. The early topography of thalamocortical projections is shifted in Ebf1 and Dlx1/2 mutant mice. Development. 129:2002;5621-5634
12. Garel S., Huffman K.J., Rubenstein J.L.R. Molecular regionalization of the neocortex is disrupted in Fgf8 hypomorphic mutants. Development. 130:2003;1903-1914
13. Ghosh A., Antonini A., McConnell S.K., Shatz C.J. Requirement for subplate neurons in the formation of thalamocortical connections. Nature. 347:1990;179-181
14. Grove E.A., Tole S., Limon J., Yip L., Ragsdale C.W. The hem of the embryonic cerebral cortex is defined by the expression of multiple Wnt genes and is compromised in Gli3-deficient mice. Development. 125:1998;2315-2325
15. Heins N., Cremisi F., Malatesta P., Gangemi R.M., Corte G., Price J., Goudreau G., Gruss P., Gotz M. Emx2 promotes symmetric cell divisions and a multipotential fate in precursors from the cerebral cortex. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 18:2001;485-502
16. Hogan B., Constantini F., Lacey E. Production of transgenic mice. Hogan B., Constantini F., Lacey E. Manipulating the Mouse Embryo. A Laboratory Manual:1994;217-252 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
17. Huffman K.J., Molnar Z., Van Dellen A., Kahn D.M., Blakemore C., Krubitzer L. Formation of cortical fields on a reduced cortical sheet. J. Neurosci. 19:1999;9939-9952
18. Jessell T.M. Neuronal specification in the spinal cord. inductive signals and transcriptional codes Nat. Rev. Genet. 1:2000;20-29
19. Jones L., Lopez-Bendito G., Gruss P., Stoykova A., Molnar Z. Pax6 is required for the normal development of the forebrain axonal connections. Development. 129:2002;5041-5052
20. Kaufman M.H. The Atlas of Mouse Development, Second Printing. 1994;Academic Press, San Diego, CA
21. Leingartner A., Heisenberg C.P., Kolbeck R., Thoenen H., Lindholm D. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases neurotrophin-3 expression in cerebellar granule neurons. J. Biol. Chem. 269:1994;828-830
22. Leingartner A., Richards L.J., Dyck R.H., Akazawa C., O'Leary D.D.M. Cloning and cortical expression of rat Emx2 and adenovirus-mediated overexpression to assess its regulation of area-specific targeting of thalamocortical axons. Cereb. Cortex. 13:2003;648-660
23. Liu Q., Dwyer N.D., O'Leary D.D.M. Differential expression of COUP-TFI, CHL1, and two novel genes in developing neocortex identified by differential display PCR. J. Neuroscience. 20:2000;7682-7690
24. Lopez-Bendito G., Chan C.H., Mallamaci A., Parnavelas J., Molnar Z. Role of Emx2 in the development of the reciprocal connectivity between cortex and thalamus. J. Comp. Neurol. 451:2002;153-169
25. Magdaleno S., Keshvara L., Curran T. Rescue of ataxia and preplate splitting by ectopic expression of Reelin in reeler mice. Neuron. 33:2002;573-586
26. -/- mutant mice. Nat. Neurosci. 3:2000;679-686. a
27. Mallamaci A., Mercurio S., Muzio L., Cecchi C., Pardini C.L., Gruss P., Boncinelli E. The lack of Emx2 causes impairment of Reelin signaling and defects of neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex. J. Neurosci. 20:2000;1109-1118. b
28. Monuki S.E., Porter F.D., Walsh C.A. Patterning of the dorsal telencephalon and cerebral cortex by a roof plate-Lhx2 pathway. Neuron. 32:2001;591-604
29. Muzio L., Mallamaci A. Emx1, emx2 and pax6 in specification, regionalization and arealization of the cerebral cortex. Cereb. Cortex. 13:2003;641-647
30. Sey/Sey double-mutant mice. Nat. Neurosci. 5:2002;737-745. a
31. Muzio L., DiBenedetto B., Stoykova A., Boncinelli E., Gruss P., Mallamaci A. Emx2 and Pax6 control regionalization of the pre-neuronogenic cortical primordium. Cereb. Cortex. 12:2002;129-139. b
32. Nakagawa Y., O'Leary D.D.M. Combinatorial expression patterns of LIM-homeodomain and other regulatory genes parcellate developing thalamus. J. Neurosci. 21:2001;2711-2725
33. Nakagawa Y., O'Leary D.D.M. Dynamic patterned expression of orphan nuclear receptor genes RORα and RORβ in developing mouse forebrain. Dev. Neurosci. 25:2003;234-244
34. Nakagawa Y., Johnson J.E., O'Leary D.D.M. Graded and areal expression patterns of regulatory genes and cadherins in embryonic neocortex independent of thalamocortical input. J. Neurosci. 19:1999;10877-10885
35. Ohkubo Y., Chiang C., Rubenstein J.L.R. Coordinate regulation and synergistic actions of BMP4, SHH and FGF8 in the rostral prosencephalon regulate morphogenesis of the telencephalic and optic vesicles. Neuroscience. 111:2002;1-17
36. O'Leary D.D.M. Do cortical areas emerge from a protocortex? Trends Neurosci. 12:1989;400-406
37. O'Leary D.D.M., Nakagawa Y. Patterning centers, regulatory genes and extrinsic mechanisms controlling arealization of the neocortex. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:2002;14-25
38. O'Leary D.D.M., Schlaggar B.L., Tuttle R. Specification of neocortical areas and thalamocortical connections. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 17:1994;419-439
39. Pelligrini M., Mansouri A., Simeone A., Boncinelli E., Gruss P. Dentate gyrus formation requires Emx2. Development. 122:1996;3893-3898
40. Rakic P. Specification of cerebral cortical areas. Science. 241:1988;170-176
41. Ringstedt T., Linnarsson S., Wagner J., Lendahl U., Kokaia Z., Arenas E., Ernfors P., Ibanez C.F. BDNF regulates reelin expression and Cajal-Retzius cell development in the cerebral cortex. Neuron. 21:1998;305-315
42. Rubenstein J.L., Anderson S., Shi L., Miyashita-Lin E., Bulfone A., Hevner R. Genetic control of cortical regionalization and connectivity. Cereb. Cortex. 9:1999;524-532
43. Shimamura K., Rubenstein J.L.R. Inductive interactions direct early regionalization of the mouse forebrain. Development. 124:1997;2709-2718
44. Shinozaki K., Miyagi T., Yoshida M., Miyata T., Ogawa M., Aizawa S., Suda Y. Absence of Cajal-Retzius cells and subplate neurons associated with defects of tangential cell migration from ganglionic eminence in Emx1/2 double mutant cerebral cortex. Development. 129:2002;3479-3492
45. Simeone A., Acampora D., Gulisano M., Stornaiuolo A., Boncinelli E. Nested expression domains of four homeobox genes in developing rostral brain. Nature. 358:1992;687-690. a
46. Simeone A., Gulisano M., Acampora D., Stornaiuolo A., Rambaldi M., Boncinelli E. Two vertebrate homeobox genes related to the Drosophila empty spiracles gene are expressed in the embryonic cerebral cortex. EMBO J. 11:1992;2541-2550. b
47. Suzuki S.C., Inoue T., Kimura Y., Tanaka T., Takeichi M. Neuronal circuits are subdivided by differential expression of type-II classic cadherins in postnatal mouse brains. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 9:1997;433-447
48. Theil T., Aydin S., Koch S., Grotewold L., Ruther U. Wnt and Bmp signalling cooperatively regulate graded Emx2 expression in the dorsal telencephalon. Development. 129:2002;3045-3054
49. Wong-Riley M. Changes in the visual system of monocularly sutured or enucleated cats demonstrable with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. Brain Res. 171:1979;11-28
50. Wong-Riley M.T., Welt C. Histochemical changes in cytochrome oxidase of cortical barrels after vibrissal removal in neonatal and adult mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 77:1980;2333-2337
51. Zhou C., Tsai S.Y., Tsai M.J. Coup-tfi. an intrinsic factor for early regionalization of the neocortex Genes Dev. 15:2001;2054-2059
52. Zimmerman L., Parr B., Lendahl U., Cunningham M., McKay R., Gavin B., Mann J., Vassileva G., McMahon A. Independent regulatory elements in the nestin gene direct transgene expression to neural stem cells or muscle precursors. Neuron. 12:1994;11-24