메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 94, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 16-31

Why Do Implicit and Explicit Attitude Tests Diverge? The Role of Structural Fit

Author keywords

attitude; automatic; implicit; measurement; prejudice

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; EMOTION; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REPRODUCIBILITY; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 38649140166     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.16     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (263)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 33646391331 scopus 로고
    • Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research
    • Ajzen I., and Fishbein M. Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin 84 (1977) 888-918
    • (1977) Psychological Bulletin , vol.84 , pp. 888-918
    • Ajzen, I.1    Fishbein, M.2
  • 2
    • 15244359496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attributions of implicit prejudice, or would Jesse Jackson fail the implicit association test?
    • Arkes H., and Tetlock P.E. Attributions of implicit prejudice, or would Jesse Jackson fail the implicit association test?. Psychological Inquiry 15 (2004) 257-278
    • (2004) Psychological Inquiry , vol.15 , pp. 257-278
    • Arkes, H.1    Tetlock, P.E.2
  • 3
    • 0000153880 scopus 로고
    • Multitrait-multimethod matrices in consumer research
    • Bagozzi R.P., and Yi Y. Multitrait-multimethod matrices in consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research 17 (1991) 426-439
    • (1991) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.17 , pp. 426-439
    • Bagozzi, R.P.1    Yi, Y.2
  • 4
    • 0002904085 scopus 로고
    • Conditional automaticity: Varieties of automatic influences in social perception and cognition
    • Uleman J.S., and Bargh J.A. (Eds), Guilford Press, New York
    • Bargh J.A. Conditional automaticity: Varieties of automatic influences in social perception and cognition. In: Uleman J.S., and Bargh J.A. (Eds). Unintended thought (1989), Guilford Press, New York 3-51
    • (1989) Unintended thought , pp. 3-51
    • Bargh, J.A.1
  • 8
    • 33746353698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrepancies between explicit and implicit self-concepts: Consequences for information processing
    • Brinol P., Petty R.E., and Wheeler S.C. Discrepancies between explicit and implicit self-concepts: Consequences for information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 91 (2006) 154-170
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.91 , pp. 154-170
    • Brinol, P.1    Petty, R.E.2    Wheeler, S.C.3
  • 9
    • 33751224822 scopus 로고
    • Convergent and discriminate validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix
    • Campbell D.T., and Fiske D.W. Convergent and discriminate validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin 56 (1959) 81-105
    • (1959) Psychological Bulletin , vol.56 , pp. 81-105
    • Campbell, D.T.1    Fiske, D.W.2
  • 10
    • 0035287103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitude measures: Consistency, stability, and convergent validity
    • Cunningham W.A., Preacher K.J., and Banaji M.R. Implicit attitude measures: Consistency, stability, and convergent validity. Psychological Science 12 (2001) 163-170
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 163-170
    • Cunningham, W.A.1    Preacher, K.J.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 11
    • 0037630285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extrinsic affective Simon task
    • De Houwer J. The extrinsic affective Simon task. Experimental Psychology 50 (2003) 77-85
    • (2003) Experimental Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 77-85
    • De Houwer, J.1
  • 12
    • 34247637833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to define and examine the implicitness of implicit measures
    • Wittenbrink B., and Schwarz N. (Eds), Guilford Press, New York
    • De Houwer J., and Moors A. How to define and examine the implicitness of implicit measures. In: Wittenbrink B., and Schwarz N. (Eds). Implicit measures of attitudes: Procedures and controversies (2007), Guilford Press, New York 179-194
    • (2007) Implicit measures of attitudes: Procedures and controversies , pp. 179-194
    • De Houwer, J.1    Moors, A.2
  • 13
    • 25144451557 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components
    • Devine P.G. Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56 (1989) 5-18
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 5-18
    • Devine, P.G.1
  • 14
    • 0029448299 scopus 로고
    • Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fide pipeline?
    • Fazio R.H., Jackson J.R., Dunton B.C., and Williams C.J. Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fide pipeline?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 (1995) 1013-1027
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 1013-1027
    • Fazio, R.H.1    Jackson, J.R.2    Dunton, B.C.3    Williams, C.J.4
  • 15
    • 0013107307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit measures in social cognition research: Their meaning and use
    • Fazio R.H., and Olson M.A. Implicit measures in social cognition research: Their meaning and use. Annual Review of Psychology 54 (2003) 297-327
    • (2003) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 297-327
    • Fazio, R.H.1    Olson, M.A.2
  • 16
    • 0029202423 scopus 로고
    • Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes
    • Greenwald A.G., and Banaji M.R. Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review 102 (1995) 4-27
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 4-27
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 19
  • 20
    • 33845310686 scopus 로고
    • A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory
    • Jacoby L.L. A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language 30 (1991) 513-541
    • (1991) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.30 , pp. 513-541
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 21
    • 0019610861 scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning
    • Jacoby L.L., and Dallas M. On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 110 (1981) 306-340
    • (1981) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.110 , pp. 306-340
    • Jacoby, L.L.1    Dallas, M.2
  • 24
    • 0000648582 scopus 로고
    • Modern racism and modern discrimination: The effects of race, racial attitudes, and context on simulated hiring decisions
    • McConahay J.B. Modern racism and modern discrimination: The effects of race, racial attitudes, and context on simulated hiring decisions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 9 (1983) 551-558
    • (1983) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.9 , pp. 551-558
    • McConahay, J.B.1
  • 25
    • 0027600502 scopus 로고
    • Affect, cognition, and awareness: Affective priming with optimal and suboptimal stimulus exposures
    • Murphy S.T., and Zajonc R.B. Affect, cognition, and awareness: Affective priming with optimal and suboptimal stimulus exposures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64 (1993) 723-739
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.64 , pp. 723-739
    • Murphy, S.T.1    Zajonc, R.B.2
  • 26
    • 28444447448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How dissociated are implicit and explicit racial attitudes? A bogus pipeline approach
    • Nier J.A. How dissociated are implicit and explicit racial attitudes? A bogus pipeline approach. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 8 (2005) 39-52
    • (2005) Group Processes and Intergroup Relations , vol.8 , pp. 39-52
    • Nier, J.A.1
  • 27
    • 0036119975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration website
    • Nosek B.A., Banaji M.R., and Greenwald A.G. Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration website. Group Dynamics 6 (2002) 101-115
    • (2002) Group Dynamics , vol.6 , pp. 101-115
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Banaji, M.R.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 28
    • 2442557248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing the influence of extrapersonal associations on the implicit association test: Personalizing the IAT
    • Olson M.A., and Fazio R.H. Reducing the influence of extrapersonal associations on the implicit association test: Personalizing the IAT. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 86 (2004) 653-667
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.86 , pp. 653-667
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 29
    • 84863776959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prejudice and perception: The role of automatic and controlled processes in misperceiving a weapon
    • Payne B.K. Prejudice and perception: The role of automatic and controlled processes in misperceiving a weapon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 (2001) 181-192
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 181-192
    • Payne, B.K.1
  • 30
    • 27944434342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing control in social cognition: How executive control modulates the expression of automatic stereotyping
    • Payne B.K. Conceptualizing control in social cognition: How executive control modulates the expression of automatic stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 (2005) 488-503
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 488-503
    • Payne, B.K.1
  • 32
    • 38649132158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Payne, B. K., Govorun, O., & Arbuckle, N. L. (in press). Automatic attitudes and alcohol: Does implicit liking predict drinking? Cognition and Emotion
    • Payne, B. K., Govorun, O., & Arbuckle, N. L. (in press). Automatic attitudes and alcohol: Does implicit liking predict drinking? Cognition and Emotion
  • 33
    • 27944441315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes as accessibility bias: Dissociating automatic and controlled components
    • Hassin R., Bargh J., and Uleman J. (Eds), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England
    • Payne B.K., Jacoby L.L., and Lambert A.J. Attitudes as accessibility bias: Dissociating automatic and controlled components. In: Hassin R., Bargh J., and Uleman J. (Eds). The new unconscious (2005), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England 393-420
    • (2005) The new unconscious , pp. 393-420
    • Payne, B.K.1    Jacoby, L.L.2    Lambert, A.J.3
  • 35
    • 0141907688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies
    • Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Lee J.Y., and Podsakoff N.P. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (2003) 879-903
    • (2003) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.88 , pp. 879-903
    • Podsakoff, P.M.1    MacKenzie, S.B.2    Lee, J.Y.3    Podsakoff, N.P.4
  • 36
    • 0025486147 scopus 로고
    • Implicit memory: Retention without remembering
    • Roediger H.L. Implicit memory: Retention without remembering. American Psychologist 45 (1990) 1043-1056
    • (1990) American Psychologist , vol.45 , pp. 1043-1056
    • Roediger, H.L.1
  • 37
    • 0002487941 scopus 로고
    • Intention, awareness, and implicit memory: The retrieval intentionality criterion
    • Lewandowsky S., Dunn J.C., and Kirsner K. (Eds), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Schacter D.L., Bowers J., and Booker J. Intention, awareness, and implicit memory: The retrieval intentionality criterion. In: Lewandowsky S., Dunn J.C., and Kirsner K. (Eds). Implicit memory: Theoretical issues (1989), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 47-65
    • (1989) Implicit memory: Theoretical issues , pp. 47-65
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Bowers, J.2    Booker, J.3
  • 39
    • 0016173664 scopus 로고
    • The effect of prior learning on subsequent retention in amnesic patients
    • Warrington E.K., and Weiskrantz L. The effect of prior learning on subsequent retention in amnesic patients. Neuropsychology 12 (1974) 419-428
    • (1974) Neuropsychology , vol.12 , pp. 419-428
    • Warrington, E.K.1    Weiskrantz, L.2
  • 40
    • 34247980882 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes vs. actions: The relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects
    • Wicker A.W. Attitudes vs. actions: The relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects. Journal of Social Issues 25 (1969) 41-78
    • (1969) Journal of Social Issues , vol.25 , pp. 41-78
    • Wicker, A.W.1
  • 42
    • 0031067645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for racial prejudice at the implicit level and its relationship with questionnaire measures
    • Wittenbrink B., Judd C.M., and Park B. Evidence for racial prejudice at the implicit level and its relationship with questionnaire measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72 (1997) 262-274
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.72 , pp. 262-274
    • Wittenbrink, B.1    Judd, C.M.2    Park, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.