메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2007, Pages 40-54

A conceptual model of CME to address disparities in depression care

Author keywords

Cme planning; Continuing medical education; Instructional design theory; Learning principles; Physician learning; Precede proceed model; Predisposing enabling reinforcing activities; Skill development; Stages of learning

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CURRICULUM; DEPRESSION; EDUCATIONAL MODEL; ETHNIC GROUP; ETHNOLOGY; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HUMAN; LEARNING; MEDICAL EDUCATION; METHODOLOGY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PHYSICIAN; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUALITY CONTROL; RACE;

EID: 38449123207     PISSN: 08941912     EISSN: 1554558X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/chp.134     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (11)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 38449108760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Resources and Services Administration, Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration;
    • Health Resources and Services Administration. Transforming the Face of Health Processions Through Cultural and Linguistic Competence Education. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration; 2005.
    • (2005) Transforming the Face of Health Processions Through Cultural and Linguistic Competence Education
  • 3
    • 0026476119 scopus 로고
    • Efforts to improve compliance with the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines: Results of a randomized controlled trial
    • Headrick LA, Speroff T. Pelecanos HI, Cebul RD. Efforts to improve compliance with the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(12):2490- 2496.
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , Issue.12 , pp. 2490-2496
    • Headrick, L.A.1    Speroff, T.2    Pelecanos, H.I.3    Cebul, R.D.4
  • 4
    • 0034845502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does physician education on depression management improve treatment in primary care?
    • Lin EH, Simon GE, Katzelnick DJ, Pearson SD. Does physician education on depression management improve treatment in primary care? J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):614-619.
    • (2001) J Gen Intern Med , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 614-619
    • Lin, E.H.1    Simon, G.E.2    Katzelnick, D.J.3    Pearson, S.D.4
  • 5
    • 33750209785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs and consequences of enhanced primary care for depression: Systematic review of randomised economic evaluations
    • Gilbody S, Bower P, Whitty P. Costs and consequences of enhanced primary care for depression: Systematic review of randomised economic evaluations. Br J Psychiatry. 2006;189:297-308.
    • (2006) Br J Psychiatry , vol.189 , pp. 297-308
    • Gilbody, S.1    Bower, P.2    Whitty, P.3
  • 6
    • 33744936269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Algorithms and collaborative-care systems for depression: Are they effective and why? A systematic review
    • Adli M, Bauer M, Rush AJ. Algorithms and collaborative-care systems for depression: Are they effective and why? A systematic review. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;59(11): 1029-1038.
    • (2006) Biol Psychiatry , vol.59 , Issue.11 , pp. 1029-1038
    • Adli, M.1    Bauer, M.2    Rush, A.J.3
  • 7
    • 32544447589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collaborative care for depression
    • Simon G. Collaborative care for depression. BMJ. 2006;332(7536): 249-250.
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , Issue.7536 , pp. 249-250
    • Simon, G.1
  • 8
    • 33746862618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solberg LI, Crain AL, Sperl-Hillen JM, Hroscikoski MC, Engebretson KI, O'Connor PJ. Care quality and implementation of the chronic care model: A quantitative study. Ann Fam Med. 2006;4(4):310-316.
    • Solberg LI, Crain AL, Sperl-Hillen JM, Hroscikoski MC, Engebretson KI, O'Connor PJ. Care quality and implementation of the chronic care model: A quantitative study. Ann Fam Med. 2006;4(4):310-316.
  • 9
    • 0002567354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic disease management: What will it take to improve care for chronic illness?
    • Wagner EH. Chronic disease management: What will it take to improve care for chronic illness? Eff Clin Pract. 1998; 1 (1):2-4.
    • (1998) Eff Clin Pract , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-4
    • Wagner, E.H.1
  • 10
    • 33846404089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutting PA, Gallagher KM, Riley K, White S. Dietrich AJ. Dickinson WP. Implementing a depression improvement intervention in five health care organizations: Experience from the RESPECT-Depression Trial. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2007:34(2): 127-137.
    • Nutting PA, Gallagher KM, Riley K, White S. Dietrich AJ. Dickinson WP. Implementing a depression improvement intervention in five health care organizations: Experience from the RESPECT-Depression Trial. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2007:34(2): 127-137.
  • 12
    • 23244453891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuing medical education on improving physician clinical care and patient health: A review of systematic reviews
    • Bloom BS. Effects of continuing medical education on improving physician clinical care and patient health: A review of systematic reviews. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2005;21(3):380-385.
    • (2005) Int J Technol Assess Health Care , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 380-385
    • Bloom, B.S.1
  • 13
    • 0034279550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fox RD. Using theory and research to shape the practice of continuing professional development. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2000;20:238-246.
    • Fox RD. Using theory and research to shape the practice of continuing professional development. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2000;20:238-246.
  • 14
  • 15
    • 38449100775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marinopoulos SS, Dorman T, Ratanawongsa N, et al. Effectiveness of Continuing Medical Education. Rockville, Md: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2007. AHRQ Publication No. 07-E006.
    • Marinopoulos SS, Dorman T, Ratanawongsa N, et al. Effectiveness of Continuing Medical Education. Rockville, Md: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2007. AHRQ Publication No. 07-E006.
  • 16
    • 85136451031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mazmanian PE, Davis DA. Continuing medical education and the physician as a learner: Guide to the evidence. JAMA. 2002;288: 1057-1060.
    • Mazmanian PE, Davis DA. Continuing medical education and the physician as a learner: Guide to the evidence. JAMA. 2002;288: 1057-1060.
  • 17
    • 0642346856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robertson MK, Umble KE, Cervero RM. Impact studies in continuing education for health professions: Update. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2003;23:146-156.
    • Robertson MK, Umble KE, Cervero RM. Impact studies in continuing education for health professions: Update. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2003;23:146-156.
  • 18
    • 38449083053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vanderbilt Center for Better Health. Initiative for Decreasing Disparities in Depression: A VCBH Innovation Center Design Shop Event. Nashville, Tenn: Vanderbilt Center for Better Health; 2006.
    • Vanderbilt Center for Better Health. Initiative for Decreasing Disparities in Depression: A VCBH Innovation Center Design Shop Event. Nashville, Tenn: Vanderbilt Center for Better Health; 2006.
  • 20
    • 38449086126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Medicine. Improving the Quality of Healthcare for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press; 2006.
    • Institute of Medicine. Improving the Quality of Healthcare for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press; 2006.
  • 21
    • 33746370371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stage of change for making an informed decision about Medicare healthplans
    • Levesque DA, Cummins CO, Prochaska JM, Prochaska JO. Stage of change for making an informed decision about Medicare healthplans. Health Sen Res. 2006:41:1372-1391.
    • (2006) Health Sen Res , vol.41 , pp. 1372-1391
    • Levesque, D.A.1    Cummins, C.O.2    Prochaska, J.M.3    Prochaska, J.O.4
  • 23
    • 0042486510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a depression management office system in community practice: A demonstration
    • Dietrich AJ, Oxman TE, Burns MR, Winchell CW, Chin T. Application of a depression management office system in community practice: A demonstration, J Am Board Fam Pract. 2003;16:107-114.
    • (2003) J Am Board Fam Pract , vol.16 , pp. 107-114
    • Dietrich, A.J.1    Oxman, T.E.2    Burns, M.R.3    Winchell, C.W.4    Chin, T.5
  • 24
    • 1242341324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice based education to improve delivery systems for prevention in primary care: Randomised trial
    • Margolis PA, Lannon CM, Stuart JM, Fried BJ, Keyes-Elstein L, Moore DE, Jr. Practice based education to improve delivery systems for prevention in primary care: Randomised trial. BMJ. 2004;328:388.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 388
    • Margolis, P.A.1    Lannon, C.M.2    Stuart, J.M.3    Fried, B.J.4    Keyes-Elstein, L.5    Moore Jr., D.E.6
  • 27
    • 0037699577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning and change among emergency physicians
    • Garcia R, Newsom R. Learning and change among emergency physicians, J Contin Educ Health Prof. 1996;(16):33-41.
    • (1996) J Contin Educ Health Prof , vol.16 , pp. 33-41
    • Garcia, R.1    Newsom, R.2
  • 28
    • 0020381878 scopus 로고
    • How physicians view the process of change in their practice behavior
    • Geertsma RH, Parker RC, Jr, Whitbourne SK. How physicians view the process of change in their practice behavior. J Med Educ: 1982:57 (10 pt 1):752-761.
    • (1982) J Med Educ , vol.57 , Issue.10 PART 1 , pp. 752-761
    • Geertsma, R.H.1    Parker Jr, R.C.2    Whitbourne, S.K.3
  • 29
    • 0036769235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing physicians' competence and performance: Finding the balance between the individual and the organization
    • Grol R. Changing physicians' competence and performance: Finding the balance between the individual and the organization. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2002;22(4):244-251.
    • (2002) J Contin Educ Health Prof , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 244-251
    • Grol, R.1
  • 30
    • 38449115563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Means RP. How family physicians use information sources. In: Green JS, Grosswald SJ. Suter E, Walthall DB. eds. Continuing Education for the Health Professions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1984: 72-86.
    • Means RP. How family physicians use information sources. In: Green JS, Grosswald SJ. Suter E, Walthall DB. eds. Continuing Education for the Health Professions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1984: 72-86.
  • 31
    • 0030239920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The awareness-to-adherence model of the steps to clinical guideline compliance. The case of pediatric vaccine recommendations
    • Pathman DE. Konrad TR, Freed GL. Freeman VA, Koch GG. The awareness-to-adherence model of the steps to clinical guideline compliance. The case of pediatric vaccine recommendations. Med Care. 1996;34(9):873-889.
    • (1996) Med Care , vol.34 , Issue.9 , pp. 873-889
    • Pathman, D.E.1    Konrad, T.R.2    Freed, G.L.3    Freeman, V.A.4    Koch, G.G.5
  • 34
    • 0032721638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How doctors learn: Physicians' self-directed learning episodes
    • Slotnick HB. How doctors learn: Physicians' self-directed learning episodes. Acad Med. 1999:74(10):1106-1117.
    • (1999) Acad Med , vol.74 , Issue.10 , pp. 1106-1117
    • Slotnick, H.B.1
  • 35
    • 23844512023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning to use learning resources during medical school and residency
    • Shershneva MB, Slotnick HB, Mejicano GC. Learning to use learning resources during medical school and residency. J Med Libr Assoc. 2005;93:263-270.
    • (2005) J Med Libr Assoc , vol.93 , pp. 263-270
    • Shershneva, M.B.1    Slotnick, H.B.2    Mejicano, G.C.3
  • 37
    • 0034762599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in learning-resource use across physicians' learning episodes
    • Slotnick HB, Harris TR, Antonenko DR. Changes in learning-resource use across physicians' learning episodes. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2001;89: 194-203.
    • (2001) Bull Med Libr Assoc , vol.89 , pp. 194-203
    • Slotnick, H.B.1    Harris, T.R.2    Antonenko, D.R.3
  • 38
    • 0034007571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How doctors know when to stop learning
    • Slotnick HB. How doctors know when to stop learning. Med Teach. 2000;22:189-196.
    • (2000) Med Teach , vol.22 , pp. 189-196
    • Slotnick, H.B.1
  • 39
    • 0002240052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review: Back to the future: Retrospective review of Leon Festinger's A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
    • Aronson E. Review: Back to the future: Retrospective review of Leon Festinger's A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Am J Psychol. 1997;110: 127-137.
    • (1997) Am J Psychol , vol.110 , pp. 127-137
    • Aronson, E.1
  • 40
    • 0010905657 scopus 로고
    • Teachers' adaptation: "Reading" and "flexing" to students
    • Hill DE. Teachers' adaptation: "Reading" and "flexing" to students. J Teach Educ. 1976;27:268-275.
    • (1976) J Teach Educ , vol.27 , pp. 268-275
    • Hill, D.E.1
  • 42
    • 0344837787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the potential of teachable moments: The case of smoking cessation
    • McBride CM, Emmons KM, Lipkus IM. Understanding the potential of teachable moments: The case of smoking cessation. Health Educ Res: Theor Pract. 2003;18(2):156-170.
    • (2003) Health Educ Res: Theor Pract , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 156-170
    • McBride, C.M.1    Emmons, K.M.2    Lipkus, I.M.3
  • 43
    • 33748435343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of physician self-assessment compared with observed measures of competence: A systematic review
    • Davis DA, Mazmanian PE, Fordis M, Van Harrison R, Thorpe KE, Perrier L. Accuracy of physician self-assessment compared with observed measures of competence: A systematic review. JAMA. 2006;296: 1094-1102.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.296 , pp. 1094-1102
    • Davis, D.A.1    Mazmanian, P.E.2    Fordis, M.3    Van Harrison, R.4    Thorpe, K.E.5    Perrier, L.6
  • 45
    • 85007725606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type of clinical problem is a determinant of physicians' self-selected methods in their practice settings
    • McLaran J, Snell L, Franco E. Type of clinical problem is a determinant of physicians' self-selected methods in their practice settings. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 1998;18:107-118.
    • (1998) J Contin Educ Health Prof , vol.18 , pp. 107-118
    • McLaran, J.1    Snell, L.2    Franco, E.3
  • 47
    • 0033883480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians' learning strategies
    • Slotnick HB. Physicians' learning strategies. Chest. 2000:118(suppl 2): 18-23.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 18-23
    • Slotnick, H.B.1
  • 49
    • 0030850639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians' preferences for information sources: A metaanalytic study
    • Haug JD. Physicians' preferences for information sources: A metaanalytic study. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1997;85:223-232.
    • (1997) Bull Med Libr Assoc , vol.85 , pp. 223-232
    • Haug, J.D.1
  • 50
    • 33745282397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Funding mechanisms for depression care management: Opportunities and challenges
    • Bachman J, Pincus HA, Houtsinger JK, Unutzer J. Funding mechanisms for depression care management: Opportunities and challenges. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2006:28 (4):278-288.
    • (2006) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 278-288
    • Bachman, J.1    Pincus, H.A.2    Houtsinger, J.K.3    Unutzer, J.4
  • 51
    • 0642307045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Place matters in physician practice and learning
    • Cervero R. Place matters in physician practice and learning. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2003;23(suppl 1):S10-S18.
    • (2003) J Contin Educ Health Prof , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Cervero, R.1
  • 54
    • 0023076203 scopus 로고
    • Informationseeking strategies and differences among primary care physicians
    • Gruppen LD. Wolf FM, Van Voorhees C, Stross JK. Informationseeking strategies and differences among primary care physicians. Mobius. 1987;7:18-26.
    • (1987) Mobius , vol.7 , pp. 18-26
    • Gruppen, L.D.1    Wolf, F.M.2    Van Voorhees, C.3    Stross, J.K.4
  • 55
    • 0028838948 scopus 로고
    • Use of information sources by family physicians: A literature survey
    • Verhoeven AA, Boerma EJ, Meyboom-de Jong B. Use of information sources by family physicians: A literature survey. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1995;83(1):85-90.
    • (1995) Bull Med Libr Assoc , vol.83 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-90
    • Verhoeven, A.A.1    Boerma, E.J.2    Meyboom-de Jong, B.3
  • 57
    • 38449109963 scopus 로고
    • San Francisco. Calif: Jossey-Bass Publishers
    • Knox AB. How Adults Learn, San Francisco. Calif: Jossey-Bass Publishers: 1986.
    • (1986) How Adults Learn
    • Knox, A.B.1
  • 58
    • 0004092516 scopus 로고
    • Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press;
    • Houle CO. The Inquiring Mind. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press; 1963.
    • (1963) The Inquiring Mind
    • Houle, C.O.1
  • 60
    • 85071125464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is instructional design theory and how is it changing?
    • Reigeluth CM, ed, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates;
    • Reigeluth CM. What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In: Reigeluth CM, ed. Instructional Design Theories and Models: A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory. Vol. 2. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1999.
    • (1999) Instructional Design Theories and Models: A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory , vol.2
    • Reigeluth, C.M.1
  • 61
    • 84868430503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed July 3, 2006, at
    • Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education. ACCME essential areas and policies. Accessed July 3, 2006, at http://www. accme.org.
    • ACCME essential areas and policies
  • 62
    • 38449121270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyler RW. Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction: Syllabus for Education 305. Chicago, 111: University of Chicago Press; 1951.
    • Tyler RW. Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction: Syllabus for Education 305. Chicago, 111: University of Chicago Press; 1951.
  • 65
    • 84965946262 scopus 로고
    • Comparitive analysis of program development processes in six professions
    • Pennington FC, Green JS. Comparitive analysis of program development processes in six professions. Adult Education Quarterly: 1976;27:13-23.
    • (1976) Adult Education Quarterly , vol.27 , pp. 13-23
    • Pennington, F.C.1    Green, J.S.2
  • 67
    • 0003987431 scopus 로고
    • Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications;
    • Merrill MD. Instructional Design Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications; 1994.
    • (1994) Instructional Design Theory
    • Merrill, M.D.1
  • 68
    • 0029021368 scopus 로고
    • Changing physician performance: A systematic review of the effect of continuing medical education strategies
    • Davis DA, Thomson MA, Oxman AD, Haynes RB. Changing physician performance: A systematic review of the effect of continuing medical education strategies. JAMA. 1995;274:700-705.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 700-705
    • Davis, D.A.1    Thomson, M.A.2    Oxman, A.D.3    Haynes, R.B.4
  • 69
    • 0033959602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions to improve provider diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care: A critical review of the literature
    • Kroenke K, Taylor-Vaisey A, Dietrich AJ, Oxman TE. Interventions to improve provider diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care: A critical review of the literature. Psychosomatics. 2000; 41(1):39-52.
    • (2000) Psychosomatics , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-52
    • Kroenke, K.1    Taylor-Vaisey, A.2    Dietrich, A.J.3    Oxman, T.E.4
  • 70
    • 0033535774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does continuing medical education in general practice make a difference?
    • Cantillon P, Jones R. Does continuing medical education in general practice make a difference? BMJ. 1999;318(7193): 1276-1279.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , Issue.7193 , pp. 1276-1279
    • Cantillon, P.1    Jones, R.2
  • 71
    • 26444532013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing physician involvement in cholesterol-lowering practices: The role of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions
    • Mann KV, Lindsay EA, Putnam RW, Davis DA. Increasing physician involvement in cholesterol-lowering practices: The role of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions. Adv Health Sei Educ Theory Pract. 1997; 2(3):237-253.
    • (1997) Adv Health Sei Educ Theory Pract , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-253
    • Mann, K.V.1    Lindsay, E.A.2    Putnam, R.W.3    Davis, D.A.4
  • 73
    • 0027377944 scopus 로고
    • Changing physicians' practices
    • Greco PJ, Eisenberg JM. Changing physicians' practices. New Engl J Med. 1993;329:1271-1275.
    • (1993) New Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 1271-1275
    • Greco, P.J.1    Eisenberg, J.M.2
  • 74
    • 0027367001 scopus 로고
    • Foundations of problem-based learning: Some explanatory notes
    • Schmidt HG. Foundations of problem-based learning: Some explanatory notes. Med Educ. 1993;27:422-432.
    • (1993) Med Educ , vol.27 , pp. 422-432
    • Schmidt, H.G.1
  • 75
    • 0025059683 scopus 로고
    • The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance
    • Miller GE. The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance. Acad Med. 1990;65 (suppl 9):63-67.
    • (1990) Acad Med , vol.65 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 63-67
    • Miller, G.E.1
  • 76
    • 0020518442 scopus 로고
    • Feedback in clinical medical education
    • Ende J. Feedback in clinical medical education. JAMA. 1983;250(6): 777-781.
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.250 , Issue.6 , pp. 777-781
    • Ende, J.1
  • 77
    • 0031914735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giving feedback in medical education: Verification of recommended techniques
    • Hewson MG, Little ML. Giving feedback in medical education: Verification of recommended techniques. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13(2): 111-116.
    • (1998) J Gen Intern Med , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-116
    • Hewson, M.G.1    Little, M.L.2
  • 79
    • 0031823771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information about barriers to planned change: A randomized controlled trial involving continuing medical education lectures and commitment to change
    • Mazmanian PE, Daffron SR, Johnson RE, Davis DA, Kantrowitz MP. Information about barriers to planned change: A randomized controlled trial involving continuing medical education lectures and commitment to change. Acad Med. 1998;73(8):882-886.
    • (1998) Acad Med , vol.73 , Issue.8 , pp. 882-886
    • Mazmanian, P.E.1    Daffron, S.R.2    Johnson, R.E.3    Davis, D.A.4    Kantrowitz, M.P.5
  • 80
    • 0000178616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Needs assessment in the new health care environment: Combining discrepancy analysis and outcomes to create more effective CME
    • Moore DEJ. Needs assessment in the new health care environment: Combining discrepancy analysis and outcomes to create more effective CME. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 1998;18:133-141.
    • (1998) J Contin Educ Health Prof , vol.18 , pp. 133-141
    • Moore, D.E.J.1
  • 81
    • 84982005529 scopus 로고
    • Discrepancy analysis in continuing medical education
    • Fox RD. Discrepancy analysis in continuing medical education. Mobius. 1983;3:37-44.
    • (1983) Mobius , vol.3 , pp. 37-44
    • Fox, R.D.1
  • 82
    • 0036222692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning outcomes and instructional objectives: Is there a difference?
    • Harden RM. Learning outcomes and instructional objectives: Is there a difference? Med Teach. 2002;24:151-155.
    • (2002) Med Teach , vol.24 , pp. 151-155
    • Harden, R.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.