Mapping of glutathione and its precursor amino acids reveals a role for GLYT2 in glycine uptake in the lens core

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 48, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 5142-5151

  Lim, Julie ^a   Li, Ling ^a   Jacobs, Marc D ^a,b   Kistler, Joerg ^c   Donaldson, Paul J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; CYSTEINE; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; GLYCINE; GLYCINE TRANSPORTER 1; GLYCINE TRANSPORTER 2; PROTEIN ANTIBODY; WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININ; AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER; ASCT2 PROTEIN, RAT; CYSTINE; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 4; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 5; GLYCINE TRANSPORTER; PROTEIN PRECURSOR; SLC1A6 PROTEIN, RAT; SLC1A7 PROTEIN, RAT; SLC6A5 PROTEIN, RAT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMINO ACID TRANSPORT; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL MEMBRANE; COMPUTER PROGRAM; CONFOCAL LASER MICROSCOPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOPLASM; EYE PROTECTION; GENE MAPPING; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGING; LENS; LENS FIBER; MEMBRANE MARKER; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RAT; TISSUE SECTION; WESTERN BLOTTING; ANIMAL; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LENS NUCLEUS; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; WISTAR RAT;

AMINO ACID TRANSPORT SYSTEM ASC; ANIMALS; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; CYSTINE; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 4; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 5; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; GLYCINE; GLYCINE PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS; LENS NUCLEUS, CRYSTALLINE; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; PROTEIN PRECURSORS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 38449085753     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.07-0649     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Reddy VN. Glutathione and its function in the lens: an overview. Exp Eye Res. 1980;50:771-778.
2. Wang XF, Cynader MS. Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione. J Neurochem. 2000;74:1434-1442.
3. Mackic JB, Jinagouda S, McComb JG, et al. Transport of circulating reduced glutathione at the basolateral side of the anterior lens epithelium: physiologic importance and manipulations. Exp Eye Res. 1996;62:29-37.
4. Persa C, Pierce A, Ma Z, Kabil O, Lou MF. The presence of a transsulfuration pathway in the lens: a new oxidative stress defense system. Exp Eye Res. 2004;83:817-823.
5. Lim J, Lam YC, Kistler J, Donaldson PJ. Molecular characterization of the cystine/glutamate exchanger and the excitatory amino acid transporters in the rat lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46: 2869-2877.
6. Sato H, Tamba M, Ishii T, Bannai S. Cloning and expression of a plasma membrane cystine/glutamate exchange transporter composed of two distinct proteins. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:11455-11458.
7. Lim J, Lorentzen KA, Kistler J, Donaldson PJ. Molecular identification and characterisation of the glycine transporter (GLYT1) and the glutamine/glutamate transporter (ASCT2) in the rat lens. Exp Eye Res. 2006;83:447-455.
8. Nelson N, Lill H. Porters and neurotransmitter transporters. J Exp Biol. 1994;196:213-228.
9. Merriman-Smith R, Donaldson P, Kistler J. Differential expression of facilitative glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 in the lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:3224-3230.
10. Chee K-SN, Kistler J, Donaldson PJ. Roles for KCC transporters in the maintenance of lens transparency. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:673-682.
11. Donaldson PJ, Grey AC, Merriman-Smith BR, et al. Functional imaging: new views on lens structure and function. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2004;31:890-895.
12. Li L, Lim J, Jacobs MD, Kistler J, Donaldson PJ. Regional differences in cystine accumulation point to a sutural delivery to the lens core. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48:1253-1260.
13. Marc RE, Murry RF, Basinger SF. Pattern recognition of amino acid signatures in retinal neurons. J Neurosci. 1995;15:5106-5129.
14. Marc RE, Liu WL, Kalloniatis M, Raiguel SF, van Haesendonck E. Patterns of glutamate immunoreactivity in the goldfish retina. J Neurosci. 1990;10:4006-4034.
15. Jacobs MD, Donaldson PJ, Cannell MB, Soeller C. Resolving morphology and antibody labeling over large distances in tissue sections. Microsc Res Tech. 2003;62:83-91.
16. Li L, Lee TK, Ballatori N. Functional re-evaluation of the putative glutathione transporters, RcGshT and RsGshT. Yale J Biol Med. 1997;70:301-310.
17. Zafra F, Aragon C, Olivares L, Danbolt NC, Gimenez C, Storm-Mathisen J. Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells. J Neurosci. 1995;15:3952-3969.
18. Lopez E, Lee-Rivera I, Lopez-Colome AM. Characteristics and regulation of glycine transport in Bergmann glia. Neurochem Res. 2005;30:1567-1577.
19. Grey AC, Jacobs MD, Gonen T, Kistler J, Donaldson PJ. Insertion of MP20 into lens fibre cell plasma membranes correlates with the formation of an extracellular diffusion barrier. Exp Eye Res. 2003; 77:567-574.
20. Kern HL, Ho CK. Transport of L-glutamic acid and L-glutamine and their incorporation into lenticular glutathione. Exp Eye Res. 1973; 17:455-462.
21. Tunnicliff G. Membrane glycine transport proteins. J Biomed Sci. 2003;10:30-36.
22. Lopez-Corcuera B, Martinez-Maza R, Nunez E, Roux M, Supplisson S, Aragon C. Differential properties of two stably expressed brain-specific glycine transporters. J Neurochem. 1998;71:2211-2219.
23. Aragon MC, Gimenez C, Mayor F. Stoichiometry of sodium- and chloride-coupled glycine transport in synaptic plasma membrane vesicles derived from rat brain. FEBS Lett. 1987;212:87-90.
24. Supplisson S, Roux MJ. Why glycine transporters have different stoichiometrics. FEBS Lett. 2002;259:93-101.
25. Aubrey KR, Mitrovic AD, Vandenberg RJ. Molecular basis for proton regulation of glycine transport by glycine transporter subtype 1b. Mol Pharmacol. 2000;58:129-135.
26. Ramakrishnan S, Sulochana KN. Decrease in glycation of lens proteins by lysine and glycine by scavenging of glucose and possible mitigation of cataractogenesis. Exp Eye Res. 1993;57:623-628.
27. Oimomi M, Maeda Y, Hata F, et al. Glycation of cataractous lens in non-diabetic senile subjects and in diabetic patients. Exp Eye Res. 1988;46:415-420.