Association between duration of untreated psychosis, premorbid functioning, and cognitive performance and the outcome of first-episode schizophrenia in Japanese patients: Prospective study

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 159-165

  Yamazawa, Ryoko ^a   Nemoto, Takahiro ^a   Kobayashi, Hiroyuki ^a   Chino, Bun ^a   Kashima, Haruo ^a   Mizuno, Masafumi ^b  

^a KEIO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b TOHO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Cognition; Duration of untreated psychosis; First episode; Premorbid functioning; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DISEASE DURATION; FEMALE; FINGER SPAN TEST; HUMAN; JAPANESE; LETTER CANCELLATION TEST; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCORING SYSTEM; SOCIAL INTERACTION; THERAPY DELAY; VERBAL FLUENCY TEST;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; COGNITION DISORDERS; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; TIME FACTORS; TOKYO;

EID: 38349148306     PISSN: 00048674     EISSN: 14401614     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00048670701787537     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Flyckt, L., Mattsson, M., Edman, G., Carlsson, R. and Cullberg, J. (2006) Predicting 5-year outcome in first-episode psychosis: construction of a prognostic rating scale. J Clin Psychiatry, 67, pp. 916-924.
2. Larsen, TK, Moe, LC, Vibe-Hansen, L. and Johannessen, JO. (2000) Premorbid functioning versus duration of untreated psychosis in 1 year outcome in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res, 45, pp. 1-9.
3. Malla, AK, Norman, RM, Manchanda, R. and Townsend, L. (2002) Symptoms, cognition, treatment adherence and functional outcome in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med, 32, pp. 1109-1119.
4. Malla, A., Norman, R. and Schmitz, N. (2006) Predictors of rate and time to remission in first-episode psychosis: A two-year outcome study. Psychol Med, pp. 649-658.
5. Perkins, D., Lieberman, J. and Gu, H. (2004) Predictors of antipsychotic treatment response in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders. Br J Psychiatry, 185, pp. 18-24.
6. Robinson, DG, Woerner, MG and Alvir, JM (1999) Predictors of treatment response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Am J Psychiatry, 156, pp. 544-549.
7. Addington, J., van Mastrigt, S. and Addington, D. (2003) Patterns of premorbid functioning in first-episode psychosis: Initial presentation. Schizophr Res, 62, pp. 23-30.
8. Verdoux, H., Liraud, F., Gonzales, B., Assens, F., Abalan, F. and van Os, J. (2001) Predictors and outcome characteristics associated with suicidal behaviour in early psychosis: A two-year follow-up of first-admitted subjects. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 103, pp. 347-354.
9. Clarke, M., Whitty, P. and Browne, S. (2006) Untreated illness and outcome of psychosis. Br J Psychiatry, 189, pp. 235-240.
10. Thara, R., Henrietta, M., Joseph, A., Rajkumar, S. and Eaton, WW. (1994) Ten-year course of schizophrenia: The Madras longitudinal study. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 90, pp. 329-336.
11. Szymanski, S., Lieberman, JA and Alvir, JM (1995) Gender differences in onset of illness, treatment response, course, and biologic indexes in first-episode schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry, 152, pp. 698-703.
12. Malla, AK, Norman, RM and Manchanda, R. (2002) One year outcome in first episode psychosis: Influence of DUP and other predictors. Schizophr Res, 54, pp. 231-242.
13. Larsen, TK, Melle, I. and Auestad, B. (2006) Early detection of first-episode psychosis: The effect on 1-year outcome. Schizophr Bull, 32, pp. 758-764.
14. Perkins, DO, Gu, H., Boteva, K. and Lieberman, JA. (2005) Relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: A critical review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 1785-1804.
15. Johannessen, JO, McGlashan, TH and Larsen, TK (2001) Early detection strategies for untreated first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res, 51, pp. 39-46.
16. McGorry, PD, Edwards, J., Mihalopoulos, C., Harrigan, SM and Jackson, HJ. (1996) EPPIC: An evolving system of early detection and optimal management. Schizophr Bull, 22, pp. 305-326.
17. Yamazawa, R., Mizuno, M., Nemoto, T., Miura, Y., Murakami, M. and Kashima, H. (2004) Duration of untreated psychosis and pathways to psychiatric services in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 58, pp. 76-81.
18. Cannon, M., Moffitt, TE, Caspi, A., Murray, RM, Harrington, H. and Poulton, R. (2006) Neuropsychological performance at the age of 13 years and adult schizophreniform disorder: Prospective birth cohort study. Br J Psychiatry, 189, pp. 463-464.
19. Kokes, RF, Strauss, JS and Klorman, R. (1977) Premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia. Part II. Measuring premorbid adjustment: The instruments and their development. Schizophr Bull, 3, pp. 186-213.
20. Kay, SR, Fiszbein, A. and Opler, LA. (1987) The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull, 13, pp. 261-276.
21. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual disorders, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
22. Benton, AL. (1968) Differential behavioral effects in frontal lobe disease. Neuropsychologia, 6, pp. 53-60.
23. Wechsler, D. (1997) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Psychological Corporation, New York
24. Reitan, R. and Wolfson, D. (1985) The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, Neuropsychology Press, Tucson, AZ
25. Lezak, MD. (1995) Verbal Fluency, Neuropsychological Assessment, Oxford University Press, New York
26. Birchwood, M., Smith, J., Cochrane, R., Wetton, S. and Copestake, S. (1990) The Social Functioning Scale. The development and validation of a new scale of social adjustment for use in family intervention programmes with schizophrenic patients. Br J Psychiatry, 157, pp. 853-859.
27. Haas, GL, Garratt, LS and Sweeney, JA. (1998) Delay to first antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: Impact on symptomatology and clinical course of illness. J Psychiatr Res, 32, pp. 151-159.
28. Larsen, TK, Friis, S. and Haahr, U. (2004) Premorbid adjustment in first-episode non-affective psychosis: Distinct patterns of pre-onset course. Br J Psychiatry, 185, pp. 108-115.
29. Addington, J., Van Mastrigt, S. and Addington, D. (2004) Duration of untreated psychosis: Impact on 2-year outcome. Psychol Med, 34, pp. 277-284.
30. Altamura, AC, Bassetti, R., Sassella, F., Salvadori, D. and Mundo, E. (2001) Duration of untreated psychosis as a predictor of outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: A retrospective study. Schizophr Res, 52, pp. 29-36.
31. Carbone, S., Harrigan, S., McGorry, PD, Curry, C. and Elkins, K. (1999) Duration of untreated psychosis and 12-month outcome in first-episode psychosis: The impact of treatment approach. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 100, pp. 96-104.
32. Drake, RJ, Haley, CJ, Akhtar, S. and Lewis, SW. (2000) Causes and consequences of duration of untreated psychosis in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry, 177, pp. 511-515.
33. Edwards, J., Maude, D., McGorry, PD, Harrigan, SM and Cocks, JT. (1998) Prolonged recovery in first-episode psychosis. Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 172, pp. 107-116.
34. Loebel, AD, Lieberman, JA, Alvir, JM, Mayerhoff, DI, Geisler, SH and Szymanski, SR. (1992) Duration of psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry, 149, pp. 1183-1188.
35. Norman, RM, Lewis, SW and Marshall, M. (2005) Duration of untreated psychosis and its relationship to clinical outcome. Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 48, pp. S19-S23.
36. Oosthuizen, P., Emsley, RA, Keyter, N., Niehaus, DJ and Koen, L. (2005) Duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first-episode psychosis. Perspective from a developing country. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 111, pp. 214-219.
37. Ucok, A., Polat, A., Genc, A., Cakir, S. and Turan, N. (2004) Duration of untreated psychosis may predict acute treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res, 38, pp. 163-168.
38. Gunduz-Bruce, H., McMeniman, M. and Robinson, DG (2005) Duration of untreated psychosis and time to treatment response for delusions and hallucinations. Am J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 1966-1969.
39. Lieberman, J., Jody, D. and Geisler, S. (1993) Time course and biologic correlates of treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 50, pp. 369-376.
40. Wyatt, RJ, Damiani, LM and Henter, ID. (1998) First-episode schizophrenia. Early intervention and medication discontinuation in the context of course and treatment. Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 172, pp. 77-83.
41. Birchwood, M., Todd, P. and Jackson, C. (1998) Early intervention in psychosis. The critical period hypothesis. Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 172, pp. 53-59.
42. Bottlender, R., Sato, T. and Jager, M. (2003) The impact of the duration of untreated psychosis prior to first psychiatric admission on the 15-year outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res, 62, pp. 37-44.
43. Harris, MG, Henry, LP and Harrigan, SM (2005) The relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome: An eight-year prospective study. Schizophr Res, 79, pp. 85-93.
44. Malla, A., Norman, R., McLean, T., Scholten, D. and Townsend, L. (2003) A Canadian programme for early intervention in non-affective psychotic disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 37, pp. 407-413.
45. Melle, I., Larsen, TK and Haahr, U. (2004) Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis: Effects on clinical presentation. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 61, pp. 143-150.
46. Melle, I., Haahr, U. and Friis, S. (2005) Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis: Effects on baseline social functioning and quality of life. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 112, pp. 469-473.
47. Yung, AR, McGorry, PD, McFarlane, CA, Jackson, HJ, Patton, GC and Rakkar, A. (1996) Monitoring and care of young people at incipient risk of psychosis. Schizophr Bull, 22, pp. 283-303.
48. Hafner, H., Maurer, K., Loffler, W. and Riecher-Rossler, A. (1993) Influence of age and sex on the onset and early course of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 80-86.
49. Addington, J., Brooks, BL and Addington, D. (2003) Cognitive functioning in first episode psychosis: Initial presentation. Schizophr Res, 62, pp. 59-64.
50. Albus, M., Hubmann, W., Wahlheim, C., Sobizack, N., Franz, U. and Mohr, F. (1996) Contrasts in neuropsychological test profile between patients with first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode affective disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 94, pp. 87-93.
51. Bilder, RM, Goldman, RS and Robinson, D. (2000) Neuropsychology of first-episode schizophrenia: Initial characterization and clinical correlates. Am J Psychiatry, 157, pp. 549-559.
52. Hoff, AL, Riordan, H., O'Donnell, DW, Morris, L. and DeLisi, LE. (1992) Neuropsychological functioning of first-episode schizophreniform patients. Am J Psychiatry, 149, pp. 898-903.
53. Hutton, SB, Puri, BK, Duncan, LJ, Robbins, TW, Barnes, TR and Joyce, EM. (1998) Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychol Med, 28, pp. 463-473.
54. Mohamed, S., Paulsen, JS, O'Leary, D., Arndt, S. and Andreasen, N. (1999) Generalized cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: A study of first-episode patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 56, pp. 749-754.
55. Riley, EM, McGovern, D. and Mockler, D. (2000) Neuropsychological functioning in first-episode psychosis: Evidence of specific deficits. Schizophr Res, 43, pp. 47-55.
56. Saykin, AJ, Shtasel, DL and Gur, RE (1994) Neuropsychological deficits in neuroleptic naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 51, pp. 124-131.
57. Carlsson, R., Nyman, H., Ganse, G. and Cullberg, J. (2006) Neuropsychological functions predict 1- and 3-year outcome in first-episode psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 113, pp. 102-111.
58. Stirling, J., White, C. and Lewis, S. (2003) Neurocognitive function and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: A 10-year follow-up of an epidemiological cohort. Schizophr Res, 65, pp. 75-86.
59. Verdoux, H., Liraud, F., Assens, F., Abalan, F. and van Os, J. (2002) Social and clinical consequences of cognitive deficits in early psychosis: A two-year follow-up study of first-admitted patients. Schizophr Res, 56, pp. 149-159.
60. Chen, EY, Hui, CL and Dunn, EL (2005) A prospective 3-year longitudinal study of cognitive predictors of relapse in first-episode schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Res, 77, pp. 99-104.
61. Milev, P., Ho, BC, Arndt, S. and Andreasen, NC. (2005) Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia: A longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up. Am J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 495-506.
62. Caspi, A., Reichenberg, A. and Weiser, M. (2003) Cognitive performance in schizophrenia patients assessed before and following the first psychotic episode. Schizophr Res, 65, pp. 87-94.
63. Brewer, WJ, Francey, SM and Wood, SJ (2005) Memory impairments identified in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis who later develop first-episode psychosis. Am J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 71-78.