New taxa of relictual Canthonini dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) utilizing rock hyrax middens as refuges in South-western Africa

Insect Systematics and Evolution

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 361-376

  Deschodt, C M ^a   Kryger, U ^a   Scholtz, C H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COLEOPTERA; PROCAVIA CAPENSIS; PROCAVIIDAE; SCARABAEIDAE; SCARABAEINAE;

EID: 38049061606     PISSN: 1399560X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/187631207788784067     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Bell, K.L., Yeates, D.K., Moritz, C., Monteith, G.B. (2004) Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the dung beetle genus Temnoplectron Westwood (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Australia's wet tropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31: 741-753.
2. Berger, L.R., de Ruider, D.J., Steininger, C.M. & Hancox, J. (2003) Preliminary results of excavations at the newly investigated Coopers D deposit, Gauteng, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 99: 276-278.
3. Brower, A.V.Z. (1994) Rapid morphological radiation and convergence among races of the butterfly Helioconius erato inferred from patterns of mitochondrial DNA evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 91: 6491-6495.
4. Brower, A.V.Z. (1999) Delimitation of phylogenetic species with DNA sequences: A critique of Davis and Nixon's population aggregation analysis. Systematic Biology, 48: 199-213.
5. ChromasLite 2 (1998-2004) website: http://www.technelysium.com.au/ chromas_lite.html. Technelysium Pty Ltd
6. Davis, J.I. & Nixon, K.C. (1992) Populations, genetic variation, and the delimitation of phylogenetic species. Systematic Biology, 41: 421-435.
7. Davis, A.L.V., Scholtz, C.H. & Harrison, J.G. (1999) New and threatened Afrotropical dung beetle taxa in the Gondwanaland tribe Canthonini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). African Entomology, 7: 77-84.
8. De Wit, M.C.J. (1993) Cainozoic evolution of drainage systems in the North-Western Cape. PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town.
9. Edmonds, W. D. & Halffter, G. (1978) Taxonomic review of immature dung beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Systematic Entomology, 3: 307-331.
10. Endrödy-Younga, S. (1978) Coleoptera Pp. 797-821, in Werger, M. J. A.: Biogeography and ecology of southern Africa, xvi + 1439 pp. 2 vols. Junk, The Hague.
11. Felsenstein, J. (1982) Numerical methods for inferring evolutionary trees. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 57: 379-404.
12. Felsenstein, J. (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39: 783-791.
13. Felsenstein, J. (1988) Phylogenies from molecular sequences: inference and reliability. Annual Review of Genetics, 22: 521-565.
14. Frolov, A.V. & Scholtz, C.H. (2003) A new genus and species of dung beetle from southern Namibia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). African Entomology, 11: 297-299.
15. Frolov, A.V. (2005) A new species of the dung beetle genus Namakwanus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) from Namibia Pp. 245-247, in Konstantinov, A., Tishechkin, A., Penev, L.: Contributions to Systematics and Biology of Beetles, Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Igor Konstantinovich Lopatin. xvi + 388 pp. Pensoft Publishers Sofia, Moscow.
16. Halffter, G. & Edmonds, W.D. (1982) The nesting behaviour of dung beetles. 176 pp. Institute de Ecología, Mexico City.
17. Hanski, I. & Cambefort, Y. (1991) Dung beetle ecology. 481 pp. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
18. Herbert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L. & deWaard J.R. (2003a) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, 270: 313-321.
19. Herbert, P.D.N., Ratnasingham, S. & deWaard, J.R. (2003b) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, 270: 96-99.
20. Hillis, D.M., & Bull, J.J. (1993) An empirical test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic analysis. Systematic Biology, 42: 182-192.
21. Howden, H.F. & Scholtz, C.H. (1987) A revision of the African genus Odontoloma Boheman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 50: 155-192.
22. Howden, H.F. & Scholtz, C.H. (1988) A second species of the African genus Peckolus Scholtz & Howden (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeini). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 51: 133-136.
23. Josso, J.F. & Prévost, P. (2001) Contribution à la connaissance des Scarabaeidae africains I. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Coprinae). Cahiers Magellanes HorsSerie, 2: 1-14.
24. Logon, R.F. (1960) The central Namib desert, South West Africa. Publications of the National Academy of Science, 758: 1-141.
25. Maddison, D. R. & Maddison, W. P. 2000. MacClade 4. Sinauer Associates, Massachusetts.
26. MapSource® Version 6.8.0, CD Set Name: South African Streetmaps Version 2.
27. Medina, C.A. & Scholtz, C.H. (2005) Systematics of the southern African genus Epirinus Reiche (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae: Canthonini): descriptions of new species and phylogeny. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 36: 145-160.
28. Philips, T.K., Pretorius, E &. Scholtz, C.H. (2004) A phylogenetic analysis of dung beetles (Scarabaeinae: Scarabaeidae): unrolling an evolutionary history. Invertebrate Systematics 18: 53-88.
29. Pickford, M. & Senut, B. (1999) Geology and palaeobiology of the central and southern Namib Desert, southwestern Africa. Memoir, 18, 1-155.
30. Posada, D. & Crandall, K.A. (1998) MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics, 14: 817-818.
31. Ribera, I. & Vogler, A. (2004) Speciation of Iberian diving beetles in Pleistocene refugia (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Molecular Ecology, 13: 179-193.
32. Ritcher, P.O. (1966) White Grubs and Their Allies, a Study of North American Scarabaeoid Larvae. Oregon State University Monograph Series No., 4: 1-219.
33. Robinson-Rechavi, M. & Huchon, D. (2000) RRTree: relative-rate tests between groups of sequences on a phylogenetic tree. Bioinformatics 16: 296-297.
34. Rutherford, M.C. & Westfall, R.H. (1994) Biomes of southern Africa: an objective categorization. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa, 63: 1-94.
35. Saitou, N. & Nei, M. (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4: 406-425.
36. Scholtz, C.H. & Coles, K.S. (1991) Description of the larva of Circellium bacchus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 54 (2): 261-264.
37. Scholtz, C.H., Harrison, J.G. & Grebennikov, V.V. (2004) Dung beetles (Scarabaeus (Pachysoma)) biology and immature stages: reversal to ancestral states under desert conditions (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 83:453-460.
38. Scholtz, C.H. & Howden, H.F. (1987a) A revision of the southern African Canthonina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 50: 75-119.
39. Scholtz, C.H. & Howden, H.F. (1987b) A revision of southern African genus Epirinus Reiche (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 50: 121-154.
40. Seely, M.K. & Louw, G.N. (1980) First approximation of the effects of rainfall on the ecology and energetics of a Namib Desert dune ecosystem. Journal of Arid Environments, 3: 23-54.
41. Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H. & Flook, P. (1994) Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene sequences and a compilation of conserved polymerase chain reaction primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87: 651-701.
42. Skinner, J.D. & Chimimba, C.T. (2005) Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region, xxv + 814 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
43. Sole, C.L., Scholtz, C.H. & Bastos, A.D. (2005) Phylogeography of the Namib Desert dung beetles Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) Macleay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Biogeography, 32: 75-84.
44. Swofford, D. L. (2002) PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
45. Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: Flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 25: 4876-4882.
46. Vogler, A. P. & Monaghan, M.T. (2006) Recent advances in DNA taxonomy. Journal of Zoological Systematic and Evolutionary Research, 45: 1-10.
47. Vrba, E.S. (1985) Environment and evolution: alternative causes of temporal distribution of evolutionary events. South African Journal of Science, 81: 229-236.