Association of pelvic organ prolapse and fractures in postmenopausal women: Analysis of baseline data from the Women's Health Initiative Estrogen Plus Progestin trial

Menopause

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 59-66

  Pal, Lubna ^a   Hailpern, Susan M ^a   Santoro, Nanette F ^a   Freeman, Ruth ^a   Barad, David ^a   Kipersztok, Simon ^b   Barnabei, Vanessa M ^c   Wassertheil Smoller, Sylvia ^a  

^a ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Shady Grove Fertility Center   (United States)

^c MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Fracture; Pelvic organ prolapse; Postmenopause; Women's Health Initiative

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; GESTAGEN;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; BONE DENSITY; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYSTOCELE; DATA ANALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FRACTURE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE; POSTMENOPAUSE; RECTOCELE; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; UTERUS PROLAPSE;

AGED; BONE DENSITY; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CAUSALITY; COMORBIDITY; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL; PELVIC FLOOR; POSTMENOPAUSE; PREVALENCE; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RISK FACTORS; UTERINE PROLAPSE; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 38049045091     PISSN: 10723714     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181151444     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bone health and osteoporosis: a report of the Surgeon General (2004). Available at: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth/ content.html. Accessed April 8, 2005.
2. Boskey AL, Wright TM, Blank RD. Collagen and bone strength. J Bone Miner Res 1999;14:330-337.
3. Kohlmeier L, Gasner C, Marcus R. Bone mineral status of women with Marfan syndrome. Am J Med 1993;95:568-572.
4. Carbone L, Tylavsky FA, Bush AJ, Koo W, Orwoll E, Cheng S. Bone density in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Osteoporos Int 2000;11:388-392.
5. Popovic JR, Kozak LJ. National hospital discharge survey: annual summary, 1998. Vital Health Stat 2000;13:1-194.
6. Subak LL, Waetjen LE, van den Eeden S, Thom DH, Vittinghoff E, Brown JS. Cost of pelvic organ prolapse surgery in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:646-651.
7. van der Vaart CH, de Leeuw JR, Roovers JP, Heintz AP. Measuring health-related quality of life in women with urogenital dysfunction: the Urogenital Distress Inventory and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire revisited. Neurourol Urodyn 2003;22:97-104.
8. Hendrix SL, Clark A, Nygaard I, Aragaki A, Barnabei V, McTiernam A. Pelvic organ prolapse in the Women's Health Initiative: gravity and gravidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:1160-1166.
9. Nichols DH, Randall CL. Vaginal Surgery, 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1996:107-108.
10. Kim S, Harvey MA, Johnston S. A review of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of pelvic floor dysfunction: do racial differences matter? J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2005;27:251-259.
11. Jackson SR, Avery NC, Tarlton JF, Eckford SD, Abrams P, Bailey AJ. Changes in metabolism of collagen in genitourinary prolapse. Lancet 1996;347:1658-1661.
12. Liapis A, Bakas P, Pafiti A, Frangos-Plemenos M, Arnoyannaki N, Creatsas G. Changes of collagen type III in female patients with genuine stress incontinence and pelvic floor prolapse. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2001;97:76-79.
13. Soderberg MW, Falconer C, Bystrom B, Malmstrom A, Ekman G. Young women with genital prolapse have a low collagen concentration. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004;83:1193-1198.
14. Wong MY, Harmanli OH, Agar M, Dandolu V, Grody MHT. Collagen content of nonsupport tissue in pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:1597-1600.
15. Takano CC, Girao MJ, Sartori MG, et al. Analysis of collagen in parametrium and vaginal apex of women with and without uterine prolapse. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2002;13:342-345.
16. Stanosz S, Wilanowski K, Zebrowski W, Hajdasz P, Kosciuszkiewicz B. Certain biochemical markers in women with abnormal states of the reproductive system. Ginekol Pol 1995;66:518-522.
17. Chen BH, Wen Y, Li H, Polan ML. Collagen metabolism and turnover in women with stress urinary incontinence and pelvic prolapse. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2002;13:80-87.
18. Kobak W, Lu J, Hardart A, Zhang C, Syanczyk FZ, Felix JC. Expression of lysyl oxidase and transforming growth factor A2 in women with severe pelvic organ prolapse. J Reprod Med 2005;50:827-831.
19. Keane D, Sims T, Abrams P, et al. Analysis of collagen status in premenopausal nulliparous women with genuine stress incontinence. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:994-998.
20. Bai SW, Choe BH, Kim JY, Park KH. Pelvic organ prolapse and connective tissue abnormalities in Korean women. J Reprod Med 2002;47:231-234.
21. Carley ME, Schaffer J. Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in women with Marfan or Ehlers Danlos syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182:1021-1023.
22. AL-Rawi ZS, Al-Rawi ZT. Joint hypermobility in women with genital prolapse. Lancet 1982;1:1439-1441.
23. Norton PA, Baker JE, Sharp HC, Warenski JC. Genitourinary prolapse and joint hypermobility in women. Obstet Gynecol 1995;85:225-228.
24. Strinic T, Bukovic D, Eterovic D, et al. Pulmonary ventilatory function in premenopausal women with and without genital descensus. Coll Antropol 2002;26(Suppl):139-142.
25. Stefanick ML, Cochrane BB, Hsia J, Barad DH, Liu JH, Johnson SR. The Women's Health Initiative postmenopausal hormone trials: overview and baseline characteristics of participants. Ann Epidemiol 2003;13(9 Suppl):S78-S86.
26. Chen Z, Kooperberg C, Pettinger MB, et al. Validity of self-report for fractures among a multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women: results from the Women's Health Initiative observational study and clinical trials. Menopause 2004;11:264-274.
27. Cauley JA, Robbins J, Chen Z, et al. Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA 2003;290:1729-1738.
28. Brennan RM, Wactawski-Wende J, Crespo CJ, Dmochowski J. Factors associated with treatment initiation after osteoporosis screening. Am J Epidemiol 2004;160:475-483.
29. Weitzen S, Lapane KL, Toledano AY, Hume AL, Mor V. Weaknesses of goodness-of-fit tests for evaluating propensity score models: the case of the omitted confounder. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2005;14:227-238.
30. MacLennan AH, Taylor AW, Wilson DH, Wilson D. The prevalence of pelvic floor disorders and their relationship to gender, age, parity and mode of delivery. BJOG 2000;107:1460-1470.
31. Barber MD, Lambers AR, Visco AG, Bump RC. Effect of patient position on clinical evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol 2000;96:18-22.
32. Lang JH, Zhu L, Sun ZJ, Chen J. Estrogen levels and estrogen receptors in patients with stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003;80:35-39.
33. Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L. Influence of hyper- and hypothyroidism, and the effects of treatment with antithyroid drugs and levothyroxine on fracture risk. Calcif Tissue Int 2005;77:139-144.
34. Lekamwasam S, Trivedi DP, Khaw KT. An association between respiratory function and bone mineral density in women from the general community: a cross sectional study. Osteoporos Int 2002;13:710-715.
35. Englund U, Littbrand H, Sondell A, Pettersson U, Bucht G. A 1-year combined weight-bearing training program is beneficial for bone mineral density and neuromuscular function in older women. Osteoporos Int 2005;16:1117-1123.
36. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1637-1642.
37. Hannan MT, Tucker KL, Dawson-Hughes B, Cupples LA, Felson DT, Kiel DP. Effect of dietary protein on bone loss in elderly men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. J Bone Miner Res 2000;15:2504-2512.
38. Yamazaki S, Ichimura S, Iwamoto J, Takeda T, Toyama Y. Effect of walking exercise on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/ osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Metab 2004;22:500-508.
39. Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S, et al. Prevention of hip fractures in elderly people with the use of a hip protector. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1506-1513.