Special paper: Adakite-like rocks: Their diverse origins and questionable role in metallogenesis

Economic Geology

Volumn 102, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 537-576

  Richards, Jeremy P ^a   Kerrich, Robert ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; TECTONICS; TRACE ELEMENTS; VOLCANIC ROCKS;

ADAKITE; METALLOGENESIS; PETROGENETIC MODEL;

PETROLOGY;

ADAKITE; ARCHEAN; FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; MAGMA CHEMISTRY; METALLOGENESIS; OCEANIC CRUST; PARTIAL MELTING; PERIDOTITE; TECTONIC SETTING; TERRANE;

EID: 37749038269     PISSN: 03610128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gsecongeo.102.4.537     Document Type: Article

References (293)

1. Allibone, A.H., Windh, J., Etheridge, M.A., Burton, D., Anderson, G., Edwards, P.W., Miller, A., Graves, C., Fanning, C.M., and Wysoczanski, R., 1998, Timing relationships and structural controls on the location of Au-Cu mineralization at the Boddington gold mine, Western Australia: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 93, p. 245-270.
2. Anderson, A.T., Jr., 1980, Significance of hornblende in calc-alkaline andesites and basalts: American Mineralogist, v. 65, p. 837-851.
3. Annen, C., and Sparks, R.S.J., 2002, Effects of repetitive emplacement of basaltic intrusions on thermal evolution and melt generation in the crust: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 203, p. 937-955.
4. Anthony, E.Y., and Titley, S.R., 1988, Progressive mixing of isotopic reservoirs during magma genesis at the Sierrita porphyry copper deposit, Arizona: Inverse solutions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, p. 2235-2249.
5. Arcay, D., Tric, E., and Doin, M.-P., 2007, Slab surface temperature in subduction zones: Influence of the interplate decoupling depth and upper plate thinning processes: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 255, p. 324-338.
6. Audétat, A., and Keppler, H., 2004, Viscosity of fluids in subduction zones: Science, v. 303, p. 513-516.
7. Audétat, A., and Keppler, H., 2005, Solubility of rutile in subduction zone fluids, as determined by experiments in the hydrothermal diamond anvil cell: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 232, p. 393-402.
8. Ayer, J., Amelin, Y., Corfu, F., Kamo, S., Ketchum, J., Kwok, K., and Trowell., N., 2002, Evolution of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt based on U-Pb geochronology: Autochthonous volcanic construction followed by plutonism, regional deformation and sedimentation: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 63-95.
9. Ayer, J.A., Thurston, P.C., Bateman, R., Dubé, B., Gibson, H.L., Hamilton, M.A., Hathway, B., Hocker, S.M., Houlé, M.G., Hudak, G., Ispolatov, V.O., Lafrance, B., Lesher, C.M., MacDonald, P.J., Péloquin, A.S., Piercey, S.J., Reed, L.E., and Thompson, P.H., 2005, Overview of results from the Greenstone architecture project: Discover Abitibi iitiative: Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6154, 146 p.
10. Ayres, L.D., and Černý, P., 1982, Metallogeny of granitoid rocks in the Canadian Shield: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 20, p. 439-536.
11. Ayres, L.D., Averill, S.A., and Wolfe, W.J., 1982, An Archean molybdenite occurrence of possible porphyry type at Setting Net Lake, northwestern Ontario, Canada: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 77, p. 1105-1119.
12. Bachmann, O., Dungan, M.A., and Bussy, F., 2005, Insights into shallow magmatic processes in large silicic magma bodies: the trace element record in the Fish Canyon magma body, Colorado: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 149, p. 338-349.
13. Baldwin, J.A., and Pearce, J.A., 1982, Discrimination of productive and non-productive porphyritic intrusions in the Chilean Andes: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 77, p. 664-674.
14. Ballhaus, C., 1993, Redox states of lithospheric and asthenospheric upper mantle: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 114, p. 331-348.
15. Barker, F., 1979, Trondhjemite: Dfinition, environment and hypotheses of origin, in Barker, F., ed., Trondhjemites, dacites and related rocks: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 1-11.
16. Barker, F., and Arth, J.H., 1976, Generation of trondhjemitic-tonalitic liquids and Archean bimodal trondhjemite-basalt suites: Geology, v. 4, p. 596-600.
17. Barley, M.E., 1982, Porphyry-style mineralization associated with early Archean calc-alkaline igneous activity, eastern Pilbara, Western Australia: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 77, p. 1230-1236.
18. Barley, M.E., Bekker, A., and Krapez, B., 2005, Late Archean to early Paleoproterozoic global tectonics, environmental change, and the rise of atmospheric oxygen: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 238, p. 156-171.
19. Barreiro, B.A., 1984, Lead isotopes and Andean magmagenesis, in Harmon, R.S., and Barreiro, B.A., eds., Andean magmatism chemical and isotopic constraints: Nantwich, Cheshire, Shiva, p. 21-30.
20. Beate, B., Monzier, M., Spikings, R., Cotten, J., Silva, J., Bourdon, E., and Eissen, J.-P., 2001, Mio-Pliocene adakite generation related to flat subduction in southern Ecuador: the Quimsacocha volcanic center: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 192, p. 561-570.
21. Beck, S.L., and Zandt, G., 2002, The nature of orogenic crust in the central Andes: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 107, B10, p. ESE 7-1-16, doi: 10.1029/2000JB000124
22. Bédard, J., 2006, A catalytic delamination-driven model for coupled genesis of Archean crust and sub-continental lithospheric mantle: Geochimica et Cosmochmica Acta, v. 70, p. 1188-1214.
23. Behn, M.D., and Kelemen, P.B., 2006, Stability of arc lower crust: insights from the Talkeetna arc section, south central Alaska, and the seismic structure of modern arcs: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 111, B11207, doi:10.1029/2006JB004327.
24. Bickle, M.J., Bettaney, L.F., Barley, M.E., Chapman, H.J., Groves, D.I., Campbell, I.H., and de-Laeter, J.R., 1983, A 3500 Ma plutonic and volcanic calc-alkaline province in the Archaean East Pilbara block: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 84, p. 25-35.
25. Blatter, D.L., and Carmichael, I.S.E., 1998, Hornblende peridotite xenoliths from central Mexico reveal the highly oxidized nature of subarc upper mantle: Geology, v. 26, p. 1035-1038.
26. Borisova, A.Y., Pichavant, M., Polvé, M., Wiedenbeck, M., Freydier, R., and Candaudap, F., 2006, Trace element geochemistry of the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo silicic melts, Philippines: Implications for ore-forming potential of adakitic magmatism: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, p. 3702-3716.
27. Bourdon, B., Turner, S., and Dosseto, A., 2003, Dehydration and partial melting in subduction zones: Constraints from U-series disequilibria: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, B6, doi: 10.1029/2002JB001839.
28. Bourdon, E., Eisse, J.P., Gutscher, M.A., Monzier, M., Samaniego, P., Robin, C., Bollinger, C., Cotten, J., 2002, Slab melting and melt metasomatism in the northern Andean volcanic zone: Adakites and high Mg andesites from Pichincha volcano (Ecuador): Bulletin de la Société géologique de France, v. 173, p. 195-206.
29. Brandon, A.D., and Draper, D.S., 1996, Constraints on the origin of the oxidation state of mantle overlying subduction zones: An example from Simcoe, Washington, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, p. 1739-1749.
30. Brenan, J.M., Shaw, H.F., Phinney, D.L., and Ryerson, F.J., 1994, Rutile-aqueous fluid partitioning of Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, U and Th: Implications for high field strength element depletions in island arc basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 128, p. 327-339.
31. Bryant, J.A., Yogodzinski, G.M., Hall, M.L., Lewicki, J.L., and Bailey, D.G., 2006, Geochemical constraints on the origin of volcanic rocks from the Andean Northern volcanic zone, Ecuador: Journal of Petrology, v. 47, p. 1147-1175.
32. Bureau, H., and Keppler, H., 1999, Complete miscibility between silicate melts and hydrous fluids in the upper mantle: Experimental evidence and geochemical implications: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 165, p. 187-196.
33. Burnham, C.W., 1979, Magmas and hydrothermal fluids, in Barnes, H.L., ed., Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits, 2nd ed.: New York, John Wiley and Sons, p. 71-136.
34. Campbell, I.H., Griffiths, R.W., and Hill, R.I., 1989, Melting in an Archean mantle plume: Heads it's basalts, tails it's komatiites: Nature, v. 339, p. 697-699.
35. Candela, P.A., 1992, Controls on ore metal ratios in granite-related ore systems: An experimental and computational approach: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 83, p. 317-326.
36. Candela, P.A., and Piccoli, P.M., 2005, Magmatic processes in the development of porphyry-type ore systems: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 100, p. 25-37.
37. Carmichael, I.S.E., 2002, The andesite aqueduct: Perspectives on the evolution of intermediate magmatism in west-central (105-99°W) Mexico: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 143, p. 641-663.
38. Castillo, P.R., Janney, P.E., and Solidum, R.U., 1999, Petrology and geochemistry of Camiguin Island, southern Philippines: Insights to the source of adakites and other lavas in a complex arc setting: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 134, p. 33-51.
39. Chiaradia, M., Fontboté, L., and Beate, B., 2004, Cenozoic continental arc magmatism and associated mineralization in Ecuador: Mineralium Deposita, v. 39, p. 204-222.
40. Chung, S.-L., Liu, D., Ji, J., Chu, M.-F., Lee, H.-Y., Wen, D.-J., Lo, C.-H., Lee, T.-Y., Qian, Q., and Zhang, Q., 2003, Adakites from continental collision zones: Melting of thickened lower crust beneath southern Tibet: Geology, v. 31, p. 1021-1024.
41. Claeson, D.T., and Meurer, W.P., 2004, Fractional crystallization of hydrous basaltic arc-type magmas and the formation of amphibole-bearing gabbroic cumulates: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 147, p. 288-304.
42. Cline, J.S., 1995, Genesis of porphyry copper deposits: the behavior of water, chloride, and copper in crystallizing melts: Arizona Geological Society Digest, v. 20, p. 69-82.
43. Cline, J.S., and Bodnar, R.J., 1991, Can economic porphyry copper mineralization be generated by a typical calc-alkaline melt?: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 8113-8126.
44. Coats, R.R., 1962, Magma type and crustal structure in the Aleutian arc: American Geophysical Union Monograph 6, p. 92-109.
45. Coira, B., Caffe, P., Kay, S.M., Díaz, A., and Ramírez, A., 1996, Complejo volcanico Vilama - sistema calderico del Cenozoico superior en Puna, Jujuy [The upper Cenozoic Vilama volcanic caldera complex, Puna, Jujuy]: Actas, XIII Congreso Geologico Argentino, III Congreso de Exploracion de Hidrocarburos, v. 3, p. 603-620.
46. Condie, K.C., 2005, TTGs and adakites: Are they both slab melts?: Lithos, v. 80, p. 33-44.
47. Conrey, R.M., 2002, Comment on Defant, M.J., and Kepezhinskas, P., 2001, Adakites: A review of slab melting over the past decade and the case for a slab-melt component in arcs [EOS, Transactions, v. 82, p. 65-69]: EOS, Transactions, v. 83, p. 256.
48. Conrey, R.M., Hooper, P.R., Larson, P.B., Chesley, J., and Ruiz, J., 2001, Trace element and isotopic evidence for two types of crustal melting beneath a High Cascade volcanic center, Mt. Jefferson, Oregon: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 141, p. 710-732.
49. Cornejo, P., Tosdal, R.M., Mpodozis, C., Tomlinson, A.J., Rivera, O., and Fanning, C.M., 1997, El Salvador, Chile porphyry copper deposit revisited: Geologic and geochronologic framework: International Geology Review, v. 39, p. 22-54.
50. Cousens, B., Facey, K., and Falck, H., 2002, Geochemistry of the late Archean Banting Group, Yellowknife greenstone belt, Slave province, Canada: Simultaneous melting of the upper mantle and juvenile mafic crust: Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 39, p. 1635-1656.
51. Davidson, J.P., 1996, Deciphering mantle and crustal signatures in subduction zone magmatism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 96, p. 251-262.
52. Davidson, J.P., McMillan, N.J., Moorbath, S., Wörner, G., Harmon, R.S., and Lopez-Escobar, L., 1990, The Nevados de Payachata volcanic region (18°S/69°W, N. Chile) II. Evidence for widespread crustal involvement in Andean magmatism: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 105, p. 412-432.
53. Davidson, J.P., Harmon, B.S., and Wömer, G., 1991, The source of central Andean magmas: Geological Society of America Special Paper 265, p. 233-243.
54. Davies, J.F., and Luhta, L.E., 1978, An Archean "porphyry-type" disseminated copper deposit, Timmins, Ontario: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 73, p. 383-396.
55. Davies, J.H., and Stevenson, D., 1992, Physical model of source region of subduction zone volcanics: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 2037-2070.
56. DeBari, S.M., and Coleman, R.G., 1989, Examination of the deep levels of an island arc: Evidence from the Tonsina ultramafic-mafic assemblage, Tonsina, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 4373-4391.
57. DeBari, S.M., and Sleep, N.H., 1991, High-Mg, low-Al bulk composition of the Talkeetna island arc, Alaska: Implications for primary magmas and the nature of arc crust: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 37-47.
58. Defant, M.J., and Drummond, M.S., 1990, Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere: Nature, v. 347, p. 662-665.
59. Defant, M.J. 1993, Mount St. Helens: Potential example of the partial melting of the subducted lithosphere in a volcanic arc: Geology, v. 21, p. 547-550.
60. Defant, M.J., and Kepezhinskas, P., 2001, Adakites: A review of slab melting over the past decade and the case for a slab-melt component in arcs: EOS, Transactions, v. 82, p. 65, 68-69.
61. Defant, M.J. 2002, Reply to Comment by Conroy, R. [Adakites: A review of slab melting over the past decade and the case for a slab-melt component in arcs: EOS, Transactions, v. 82, p. 65-69]: EOS, Transactions, v. 83, p. 256-257.
62. Defant, M.J., Jackson, T.E., Drummond, M.S., De Boer, J.Z., Bellon, H., Feigenson, M.D., Maury, B.C., Stewart, R.H., 1992, The geochemistry of young volcanism throughout western Panama and southeastern Costa Rica: An overview: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 149, p. 569-579.
63. do Hoog, J.C.M., Mason, P.R.D., and van Bergen, M.J., 2001, Sulfur and chalcophile elements in subduction zones: Constraints from a laser ablation ICP-MS study of melt inclusions from Galunggung Volcano, Indonesia: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 65, p. 3147-3164.
64. DePaolo, D.J., 1981, Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wall-rock assimilation and fractional crystallization: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 53, p. 189-202.
65. Déruelle, B., 1982, Petrology of the Plio-Quaternary volcanism of the south-central and meridional Andes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 14, p. 77-124.
66. de Silva, S.L., 1989, Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex of the central Andes: Geology, v. 17, p. 1102-1106.
67. de Silva, S.L., Davidson, J.P., Croudace, I.W., and Escobar, A., 1993, Volcanological and petrological evolution of Volean Tata Sabaya, SW Bolivia: Journal Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 55, p. 305-335.
68. Dreher, S.T., Macpherson, C.G., Pearson, D.G., and Davidson, J.P., 2005, Re-Os isotope studies of Mindanao adakites: Implications for sources of metals and melts: Geology, v. 33, p. 957-960.
69. Drummond, M.S., and Defant, M.J., 1990, A model for trondhjemite-tonalite-dacite genesis and crustal growth via slab melting: Archaean to modern comparisons: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 95, p. 21503-21521.
70. Drummond, M.S., Defant, M.J., and Kepezhinskas, P.K., 1996, Petrogenesis of slab-derived trondhjemite-tonalite-dacite/adakite magmas: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 315, p. 205-215.
71. Dufek, J., and Bergantz, G.W., 2005, Lower crustal magma genesis and preservation: A stochastic framework for the evaluation of basalt-crust interaction: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 2167-2195.
72. Eggins, S.M., 1993, Origin and differentiation of picritic arc magmas, Ambae (Aoba), Vanuatu: Contibutions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 114, p. 79-100.
73. Eichelberger, J.C., 1978, Andesites in island arcs and continental margins: Relationship to crustal evolution: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 41, p. 480-500.
74. Feeley, T.C., and Davidson, J.P., 1994, Petrology of calc-alkahne lavas at Volcán Ollagüe and the origin of compositional diversity at Central Andean stratovolcanoes: Journal of Petrology, v. 35, p, 1295-1340.
75. Feeley, T.C., and Hacker, M.D., 1995, Intracrustal derivation of Na-rich andesitic and dacitic magmas: An example from Volcán Ollagüe, Andean Central volcanic zone: Journal of Geology, v. 103, p. 213-225.
76. Feng, R., and Kerrich, R., 1992, Geochemical evolution of granitoids from the Archean Abitibi Southern volcanic zone and the Pontiac subprovince, Superior province, Canada: Implications for tectonic history and source regions: Chemical Geology, v. 98, p. 23-70.
77. Feng, R., Fan, J., and Kerrich, R., 1993, Noble metal abundances and characteristics of six granitic magma series, Arcbean Abitibi belt, Pontiac subprovince: Relationships to metallogeny and overprinting of mesothermal gold deposits: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 88, p. 1376-1401.
78. Fischer, T.P., and Marty, B., 2005, Volatile abundances in the sub-arc mantle: Insights from volcanic and hydrothermal gas discharges: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 140, p. 205-216.
79. Foley, S., Tiepolo, M., and Vannucci, R., 2002, Growth of early continental crust controlled by melting of amphibolite in subduction zones: Nature, v. 417, p. 837-840.
80. 2O release from the slab: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 214, p. 187-201.
81. Förster, H.-J., 1998, The chemical composition of REE-Y-Th-U-rich accessory minerals in peraluminous granites of the Erzgebirge-Fichtelgebirge region, Germany. Part II: Xenotime: American Mineralogist, v. 83, p. 1302-1315 [pdf].
82. Francis, P.W., Sparks, R.S.J., Hawkesworth, C.J., Thorpe, R.S., Pyle, D.M., Tait, S.R., Mantovani, M.S., and McDermott, F., 1989, Petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks of the Cerro Galan caldera, northwest Argentina: Geological Magazine, v. 126, p. 515-547.
83. Fraser, R.J., 1993, The Lac Troilus gold-copper deposit, northwestern Quebec: A possible Archean porphyry system: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 88, p. 1685-1699.
84. Furukawa, Y., 1993, Magmatic processes under arc sand formation of the volcame front: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, p. 8309-8319.
85. Fyfe, W.S., 1992, Magma underplating of continental crust: Journal Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 50, p. 33-40.
86. Gaetani, G.A., and Grove, T.L., 2003, Experimental constraints on melt generation in the mantle wedge: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 138, p. 107-134.
87. Galley, A., and Lafrance, B., 2007, Évolution et métallogénie du Pluton de Mooshla: Géologie Québec, Ressources naturefles et faune, ET 2007-02, 29 p.
88. Gao, Y., Hou, Z., Kamber, B.S., Wei, R., Meng, X., and Zhao, R., 2007, Adakite-like porphyries from the southern Tibetan continental collision zones: Evidence for slab melt metasomatism: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 153, p. 105-120.
89. Gardeweg, M., and Ramirez, C.F., 1987, La Pacana caldera and the Atana ignimbrite - a major asfh-low and resurgent caldera complex in the Andes of northern Chile: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 49, p. 547-566.
90. Garrido, I., Cembrano, J., Siña, A., Stedman, P., and Yáñez, G., 2002, High magma oxidation state and bulk crustal shortening: Key factors in the genesis of Andean porphyry copper deposits, central Chile (31-34°S): Revista Geologica de Chile, v. 29, p. 43-54. [See also Comment/Reply (by F. Munizaga) in v. 30/1, p. 129-130, 131-135].
91. Garrison, J.M., and Davidson, J.P., 2003, Dubious case for slab melting in the Northern volcanic zone of the Andes: Geology, v. 31, p. 565-568.
92. Gill, J.B., 1981, Orogenic andesites and plate tectonics: New York, Springer-Verlag, 390 p.
93. Gill, J.B., and Stork A.L., 1979, Miocene low-K dacites and trondhjemites of Fiji, in Barker, F., ed., Trondhjemites, dacites and related rocks: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 629-649.
94. Goldie, R., 1979, The Don Rouyn mine: An Archean porphyry copper deposit near Noranda, Quebec. ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 74, p. 1680-1684.
95. González-Partida, E., Levresse, G., Carrillo-Chávez, A., Cheilletz, A., Gasquet, D., and Jones, D., 2003, Paleocene adakite Au-Fe bearing rocks, Mezcala, Mexico: Evidence from geochemical characteristics: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 80, p. 25-40.
96. Green, T.H., 1982, Anatexis of mafic crust and high pressure crystallization of andesite, in Thorpe, R.S., ed., Andesites: New York, NY, John Wiley and Sons, p. 465-487.
97. Green, T.H., and Pearson, N.J., 1985, Experimental determination of REE partition coefficients between amphibole and basaltic to andesitic liquids at high pressure: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 49, p. 1465-1468.
98. Greene, A.R., Debari, S.M., Kelemen, P.B., Blusztajn, J., and Clift, P.D., 2006, A detailed geochemical study of island arc crust: the Talkeetna arc section, south-central Alaska: Journal of Petrology, v. 47, p. 1051-1093.
99. Griffin, W.L., and O'Reilly, S.Y., 1987, Is the continental Moho the crust-mantle boundary?: Geology, v. 15, p. 241-244.
100. Gromet, L.P., and Silver, L.T., 1983, Rare earth element distributions among minerals in a granodiorite and their petrogenctie implications: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 47, p. 925-939.
101. Gromet, L.P., and Silver, L.T., 1987, REE Variations across the Peninsular Ranges batholith: Implications for batholithic petrogenesis and crustal growth in magmatic arcs: Journal of Petrology, v. 28, p. 75-125.
102. Grove, T.L., Elkins-Tanton, L.T., Parman, S.W., Chatterjee, N., Müntener, O., and Gaetani, G.A., 2003, Fractional crystallization and mantle-melting controls on calc-alkaline differentiation trends: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 145, p. 515-533.
103. 2O on mantle wedge melting: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 249, p. 74-89.
104. Guba, J., Lange-Brard, F., Péloquin, S., Tremblay, A., Racicoy, D., and Bureau, S., 1984, Devlin deposit, a part of an Archean porphyry system? in Guha, J., and Chowen, E.H., eds., Cbibougamau - stratigraphy and mineralization: Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Special Volume 32, p. 345-356.
105. Guivel, C., Lagabrielle, Y., Bourgois, J., Martin, H., Arnaud, N., Fourcade, S., Cotten, J., and Maury, R.C., 2003, Very shallow melting of oceanic crust during spreading ridge subduction: Origin of near-trench Quaternary volcanism at the Chile Triple Junction: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, no. B7, 2345, doi:10.1029/2002JB002119.
106. Gustafson, L.B., 1979, Porphyry copper deposits and calc-alkaline volcanism, in McElhinny, M.W., ed., The Earth: Its origin, structure, and evolution: London, Academic Press, p. 427-468.
107. Gutscher, M.-A., Maury, R., Eissen, J.-P., and Bourdon, E., 2000, Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction?: Geology, v. 28, p. 535-538.
108. Halter, W.E., Bain, N., Becker, K., Heinrich, C.A., Landtwing, M., VonQuadt, A., Clark, A.H., Sasso, A.M., Bissig, T., and Tosdal, R.M., 2004, From andesitic volcanism to the formation of a porphyry Cu-Au mineralizing magma chamber: the Farallon Negro volcanic complex, northwestern Argentina: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 136, p. 1-30.
109. Hamilton, W.B., 1981, Crustal evolution by arc magmatism: Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society of London, v. A 301, p. 279-291.
110. Hamlyn, P.R., Keays, R.R., Cameron, W.E., Crawford, A.J., and Waldron, H.M., 1985, Precious metals in magnesian low-Ti lavas: Implications for metallogenesis and sulfur saturation in primary magmas: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v., 49, p. 1797-1811.
111. Haschke, M., Siebel, W., Günther, A., and Scheuber, E., 2002, Repeated crustal thickening and recycling during the Andean orogeny in north Chile (21°-26°S): Journal Of Geophysical Research, v. 107, no. B1, p. ECV 6-1-18 [10.1029/2001JB000328].
112. Hattori, K., and Guillot, S., 2003, Volcanic fronts form as a consequence of serpentine dehydration in the forearc mantle wedge: Geology, v. 31, p. 525-528.
113. Hawkesworth, C.J., 1982, Isotope characteristics of magmas erupted along destructive plate margins, in Thorpe, R.S., ed., Andesites: Orogenic andesites and related rocks: New York, NY, John Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 549-571.
114. Hawkesworth, C.J., Gallagher, K., Hergt, J.M., and McDermott, F., 1993, Mantle and slab contributions in are magmas: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 21, p. 175-204.
115. Hawkesworth, C.J., Gallagher, K., Hergt, J.M., and McDermott, F., 1994, Destructive plate margin magmatism: Geochemistry and melt generation: Lithos, v. 33, p. 169-188.
116. Hawkesworth, C.J., Turner, S.P., McDermott, F., Peate, D.W., and van Calsteren, P., 1997, U-Th isotopes in arc magmas: Implications for element transfer from the subducted crust: Science, v. 276, p. 551-555.
117. Hedenquist, J.W., and Lowenstern, J.B., 1994, The role of magmas in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits: Nature, v. 370, p. 519-527.
118. Herzberg, C.T., Fyfe, W.S., and Carr, M.J., 1983, Density constraints on the formation of the continental Moho and crust: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 84, p. 1-5.
119. Hildreth, W., 1981, Gradients in silicic magma chambers: Implications for lithospheric magmatism: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 86, p. 10,153-10,192.
120. Hildreth, W., and Moorbath, S., 1988, Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of central Chile: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 98, p. 455-489.
121. Hine, R., and Mason, D.R., 1978, Intrusive rocks associated with porphyry copper mineralization, New Britain, Papua New Guinea: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 73, p. 749-760.
122. Hollings, P., and Kerrich, R., 2000, An Archean arc basalt-Nb-enriched basalt-adakite association: the 2.7 Ga Confederation assemblage of the Birch-Uchi greenstone belt, Superior province: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 139, p. 208-226.
123. Hollings, P., and Kerrich, R., 2006, Light rare earth element depleted to enriched basaltic flows from 2.8 Ga to 2.7 Ga greenstone belts of the Uchi subprovince, Ontario, Canada: Chemical Geology, v. 227, p. 133-153.
124. Hollings, P, Wyman, D., and Kerrich, R., 1999, Komatiite-basalt-rhyolite volcanic associations in northern Superior province greenstone belts: Significance of plume-arc interaction in the generation of the proto continental Superior province: Lithos, v. 46, p. 137-161.
125. Hollings, P., Cooke, D.R., and Clark, A., 2005, Regional geochemistry of Tertiary igneous rocks in Central Chile: Implications for the geodynamic environment of giant porphyry copper and epithermal gold mineralization: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 100, p. 887-904.
126. Hou, Z.-Q., Gao, Y.-F., Qu, X.-M., Rui, Z.-Y., and Mo, X.-X., 2004, Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 220, p. 139-155.
127. Huppert, H.E., and Sparks, R.S.J., 1988, The generation of granitic magmas by intrusion of basalt into continental crust: Journal of Petrology, v. 29, p. 599-624.
128. 3 contents of microphenocrystic apatite and significance of intrusive rocks: Resource Geology, v. 52, p. 147-161.
129. Jackson, S.J., and Fyon, J.A., 1991, The western Abitibi subprovince in Ontario: Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 4, pt. 1, p. 405-482.
130. Jahn, B.M., Glikson, A.Y., Peucat, J.J., and Hickman, A.H., 1981, REE geochemistry and isotopic data of Archaean silicic volcanics and granitoids from the Pilbara block, Western Australia: Implications for the early crustal evolution: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 45, p. 1633-1652.
131. James, D.E., 1971, Andean crustal and upper mantle structure: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76, p. 3246-3271.
132. Jugo, P.J., Luth, R.W., and Richards, J.P., 2005, An experimental study of the sulfur content in basaltic melts saturated with immiscible sulfide or sulfate liquids at 1300°C and 1.0 GPa: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 783-798.
133. Kamei, A., Owada, M., Nagao, T., and, Shiraki, K., 2004, High-Mg diorites derived from sanukitic HMA magmas, Kyushu Island, southwest Japan arc: Evidence from clinopyroxene and whole rock compositions: Lithos, v. 75, p. 359-371.
134. Kawamoto, T., 2006, Hydrous phases and water transport in the subducting slab: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 273-289.
135. Kay, R.W., 1978, Aleutian magnesian andesites: Melts from subducted Pacific Ocean crust: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 4, p. 117-132.
136. Kay, R.W, and Kay, S.M., 1993, Delamination and delamination magmatism: Tectonophysics, v. 219, p. 177-189.
137. Kay, R.W, and Kay, S.M., 1998, Original Aleutian adakite dated at 11.8 Ma: Slab melt thermal dilemma resolved?: EOS, v. 78, p. F396.
138. Kay, S.M., and Kay, R.W., 1994, Aleutian magmas in space and time: Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, v. G-1, p. 687-722.
139. Kay, S.M., and Mpodozis, C., 2001, Central Andean ore deposits linked to evolving shallow subduction systems and thickening crust: GSA Today, v. 11, no. 3, p. 4-9.
140. Kay, S.M., and Mpodozis, C., 2002, Magmatism as a probe to the Neogene shallowing of the Nazea plate beneath the modern Chilean flat-slab: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 39-57.
141. Kay, S.M., Maksaev, V, Moscoso, R., Mpodozis, C., and Nasi, C., 1987, Probing the evolving Andean lithosphere: Mid-late Tertiary magmatism in Chile (29°-30°30°S) over the modern zone of subhorizontal subduction: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 92, p. 6173-6189.
142. Kay, S.M., Mpodozis, C., Ramos, VA., and Munizaga, F, 1991, Magma source variations for mid-late Tertiary magmatic rocks associated with a shallowing subduction zone and a thickening crust in the central Andes (28 to 33°S): Geological Society of America Special Paper 265, p. 113-137.
143. Kay, S.M., Ramos, V.A., and Marquez, M., 1993, Evidence in Cerro Pampa volcanic rocks for slab-melting prior to ridge-trench collision in southern South America: Journal of Geology, v. 101, p. 703-714.
144. Kay, S.M., Mpodozis, C., and Coira, B., 1999, Neogene magmatism, tectonism, and mineral deposits of the Central Andes (22°-33°S latitude): Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication 7, p. 27-59.
145. Kay, S.M., Godoy, E., and Kurtz, A., 2005, Episodic are migration, crustal thickening, subduction erosion, and magmatism in the south-central Andes: GSA Bulletin, v. 117, p. 67-88.
146. Kelemen, P.B., 1995, Genesis of high Mg# andesites and the continental crust: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 120, p. 1-19.
147. Kelemen, PB., Hanghøj, K., and Greene, A.R., 2003, One view of the geochemistry of subduction-related magmatic arcs, with an emphasis on primitive andesite and lower crust: Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 3, p. 593-659.
148. Kepezhinskas, P., Defant, M.J., and Drummond, M.S., 1996, Progressive enrichment of island arc mantle by melt-peridotite interaction inferred from Kamchatka xenoliths: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, p. 1217-1229.
149. Kerrich, R., and Fryer, B.J., 1979, Archaean precious metal hydrothermal systems, Dome mine, Abitibi greenstone belt II. REE and oxygen isotope relations: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 16, p. 440-458.
150. Kerrich, R., Wyman, D., Fan, J., and Bleeker, W, 1998, Boninite series low Ti-tholeiite associations from the 2.7 Ga Abitibi greenstone belt: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 164, p. 303--316.
151. Kerrich, R., Wyman, D., Hollings, P., and Polat, A., 1999, VariabIty of Nb/U and Th/La in 3.0 to 2.7 Ga Superior province ocean plateau basalts: Implications for the timing of continental growth and lithosphere recycling: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 168, p. 101-115.
152. Kerrich, R., Goldfarb, R.J., and Richards, J.P., 2005, Metallogenic provinces in an evolving geodynamic: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 100TH ANNIVERSARY VOLUME, p. 1097-1136.
153. Kessel, R., Schmidt, M.W., Ulmer, P., and Pettke, P., 2005, Trace element signature of subduction-zone fluids, melts and supercritical liquids at 120-180 km depth: Nature, v. 437, p. 724-727.
154. Kilian, R., and Stern, C.R., 2002, Constraints on the interaction between slab melts and the mantle wedge from adakitic glass in peridotite xenoliths: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 14, p. 25-36.
155. Kimura, J.-I., and Yoshida, T., 2006, Contributions of slab fluid, mantle wedge and crust to the origin of Quaternary lavas in the NE Japan arc: journal of Petrology, v. 47, p. 2185-2232.
156. Klein, M., Stosch, H.-G., and Seek, H.A., 1997, Partitioning of high field-strength and rare-eartb elements between amphibole and quartz-dioritic to tonalitic melts: An experimental study: Chemical Geology, v. 138, p. 257-271.
157. Klepeis, K.A., Clarke, G.L., and Rushmer, T., 2003, Magma transport and coupling between deformation and magmatism in the continental lithosphere: GSA Today, v. 13, p. 4-11.
158. König, S., Schuth, S., Münker, C., and Qopoto, C., 2007, The role of slab melting in the petrogenesis of high Mg andesites: Evidence from Simbo volcano, Solomon islands: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 153, p. 85-103.
159. Koukharsky, M., Vullién, A., Abril, E., and Morello, O., 1987, Las ignimbritas Cenozoicas del noroeste de Susques, Jujuy; geologia, petrografia y quimica [The Cenozoic ignimbrites of northwestern Susques, Jujuy. Geology, petrography and chemistry]: Revista de la Asociación Geológica. Argentina, v. 42, p. 441-461.
160. Kraemer, B., 1999, Eine geochemische Traverse quer zum mittelmiozänen magmatischen Bogen im südlichen Bereich der Zentralen Vulkanischen Zone der Anden (ZVZ, 25°-26°30°S, 67°30°-69°W): Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, Band 200, 174 p.
161. Lambert, I.B., and Groves, D.I., 1981, Early Earth evolution and mineralization, in Wolfe, K.H., ed., Handbook of strata-bound and stratiform ore deposits: Amsterdam, Elsevier, v. 8, p. 339-442.
162. Lang, J.R., and Titley S.R., 1998, Isotopic and geochemical characteristics of Laramide magmatic systems in Arizona and implications for the genesis of porphyry copper deposits: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 93, p. 138-170.
163. Leeman, W.P., 1983, The influence of crustal structure on compositions of subduction-related magmas: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 18, p. 561-588.
164. López, L., 1982, Características geoquímicas de rocas igneas asociadas con pórfidos cupríferos chflenos: Revista Geológica de Chile, no. 17, p, 3-19.
165. Lucassen, F., Franz, G., Thirlwall, M.F., and Mezger, K., 1999, Crustal recycling of metamorphic basement: Late Paleozoic granitoids of northern Chile (∼22°). Implications for the composition of the Andean crust: Journal of Petrology, v. 40, p. 1527-1551.
166. MacDonald, R., Hawkesworth, C.J., and Heath, E., 2000, The Lesser Antilles volcanic chain: A study in arc magmatism: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 49, p. 1-76.
167. Macfarlane, A.W., 1999, Isotopic studies of northern Andean crustal evolution and ore metal sources: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication 7, p. 195-217.
168. Macpherson, C.G., Dreher, S.T., and Thirlwall, M.F., 2006, Adakites without slab melting: High pressure differentiation of island arc magma, Mindanao, the Philippines: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 243, p. 581-593.
169. 86Sr andesites: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 40, p. 220-230.
170. Maksaev, V., and Zentilli, M., 1994, The Eocene-Oligocene belt of porphyry copper deposits of northern Chile: 7° Congreso Geológico Chileno, Actas Volumen II, p. 1590.
171. Manikyamba, C., and Khanna, T.C., 2007, Crustal growth processes as illustrated by the Ncoarchaean intraoceanic magmatism from Gadwal greenstone belt, Eastern Dharwar craton, India: Gondwana Research, v. 11, p. 476-491.
172. Manning, C.E., 2004, The chemistry of subduction-zone fluids: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 223, p. 1-16.
173. Martin, H., 1986, Effect of steeper Archaean geothermal gradient on geochemistry of subduction-zone magmas: Geology, v. 14, p. 753-756.
174. Martin, H., 1999, Adakitic magmas: Modem analogues of Archaean granitoids: Lithos, v. 46, p. 411-429.
175. Martin, H., and Moyen, J.-F., 2002, Secular changes in TTG composition as markers of the progressive cooling of the Earth: Geology, v. 30, p. 319-322.
176. Martin, H., Smithies, R.H., Rapp, R. Moyen, J.-F., and Champion, D., 2005, An overview of adakite, tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG), and sanukitoid: relationships and some implications for crustal evolution: Lithos, v. 79, p. 1-24.
177. Mason, D.R., and McDonald, J.A., 1978, Intrusive rocks and porphyry copper occurrences of the Papua New Guinea-Solomon Islands region: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 73, p. 857-877.
178. Matthews, S.J., Sparks, R.S.J., and Gardeweg, M.C., 1999, The Piedras Grandes-Soncor eruptions, Lascar volcano, Chile: Evolution of a zoned magma chamber in the Central Andean upper crust: Journal of Petrology, v. 40, p. 1891-1919.
179. McBirney, A.R., Taylor, H.P., and Armstrong, R.L., 1987, Paricutin re-examined: A classic example of crustal assimilation in calc-alkaline magma: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 95, p. 4-20.
180. McMillan, N.J., Davidson, J.P., Wörner, G., Harmon, R.S., Moorbath, S., and Lopez-Escobar, L., 1993, Influence of crustal thickerung on are magmatism: Nevados de Payachata volcanic region, northern Chile: Geology, v. 21, p. 467-470.
181. McNutt, R.H., Clark, A.H., and Zentilli, M., 1979, Lead isotopic compositions of Andean igneous rocks, latitudes 26° to 29° S: Petrologic and metallogenic implications: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 74, p. 827-837.
182. Miller, C.F., and Mittlefehldt, D.W, 1982, Depletion of light rare-earth elements in felsic magmas: Geology, v. 10, p. 129-133.
183. Miller, D.J., and Christensen, N.I., 1994, Seismic signature and geochemistry of an island arc: A multidisciplinary study of the Kohistan accreted terrane, northern Pakistan: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 11,623-11,642.
184. Moore, G.M., and Carmichael, I.S.E., 1998, The hydrous phase equilibria (to 3 kbar) of an andesite and basaltic andesite from western Mexico: Constraints on water content and conditions of phenocryst growth: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 130, p. 304-319.
185. Moyen, J.-F., and Stevens, G., 2006, Experimental constraints on TTG petrogenesis: Implications for Archean geodynamics: American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph Series 164, p. 149-175.
186. Müller, D., Franz, L., Herzig, P.M., and Hunt, S., 2001, Potassic igneous rocks from the vicinity of epithermal gold mineralization, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: Lithos, v. 57, p. 163-186.
187. Mungall, J.E., 2002, Roasting the mantle: Slab melting and the genesis of major Au and Au-rich Cu deposits: Geology, v. 30, p. 915-918.
188. Müntener, O., and Ulmer, P., 2006, Experimentally derived high-pressure cumulates from hydrous arc magmas and consequences for the seismic velocity structure of lower arc crust: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 33, L21308, doi:10.1029/2006GL027629.
189. 2O during crystallization of primitive arc magmas under uppermost mantle conditions and genesis of igneous pyroxenites: An experimental study: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 141, p. 643-658.
190. Mysen, B.O., 1982, The role of mantle anatexis, in Thorpe, R.S., ed., Andesites: Orogenic andesites and related rocks: New York, John Wiley and Sons, p. 489-522.
191. Naqvi, S.M., 2005, Geology and evolution of the Indian plate (from Hadean to Holocene 4 Ga to 4 ka): New Delhi, Capital Publishing, 450 p.
192. Naqvi, S.M., Khan, R.M.K., Manikyamba, C., Ram Mohan, M., and Khanna, T.C., 2006, Geochemistry of the NeoArchean high-Mg basalts, boninites and adakites from the Kushtagi-Hungund greenstone belt of the eastern Dharwar craton (EDC): Implications for the tectonic setting: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 27, p. 25-44.
193. Noll, P.D., Newsom, H.E., Leeman, W.P., and Ryan, J.G., 1996, The role of hydrothermal fluids in the production of subduction zone magmas: Evidence from siderophile and chalcophile trace elements and boron: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, p. 587-611.
194. Ort, M.H., Coira, B.L., and Mazzoni, M.M., Fisher, R.V., and Merodio, J.C., 1989, Centro emisor volcanico Cerro Panizos, Jujuy [The Cerro Panizos volcanic center, Jujuy]: Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, v. 44, p. 291-300.
195. Ossandón, G., and Zentilli, M., 1997, El distrito de Chuquicamata: una concentracion de cobre de clase mundial: Universidad Católica del Norte, VIII Congreso Geológico Chileno, p. 1888-1892.
196. Oyarzun, R., Márquez, A., Lillo, J., López, I., and Rivera, S., 2001, Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: Adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism: Mineralium Deposita, v. 36, p. 794-798.
197. Oyarzun, R., Márquez, A., Lillo, J., López, I., and Rivera, S., 2002, Reply to Discussion on "Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: Adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism" by Oyarzun et al. (Mineralium Deposita 36: 794-798, 2001): Mineralium Deposita, v. 37, p. 791-794.
198. Parkinson, I.J., and Arculus, R.J., 1999, The redox state of subduction zones: Insights from arc-peridotites: Chemical Geology, v. 160, p. 409-423.
199. Peacock, S.M., 1993, Large-scale hydration of the lithosphere above subducting slabs: Chemical Geology, v. 108, p. 49-59.
200. Peacock, S.M., 1996, Thermal and petrologic structure of subduction zones: American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph 96, p. 119-133.
201. Peacock, S.M., Rushmer, T., and Thompson, A.B., 1994, Partial melting of subducting oceanic crust: Earth Planetary Science Letters, v. 121, p. 227-244.
202. Pearce, J.A., and Peate, D.W., 1995, Tectonic implications of the composition of volcanic arc magmas: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 23, p. 251-285.
203. Perfit, M.R., Gust, D.A., Bence, A.E., Arculus, R.J., and Taylor, S.R., 1980, Chemical characteristics of island-arc basalts: Implications for mantle sources: Chemical Gology, v. 30, p. 227-256.
204. Petford, N., and Gallagher, K., 2001, Partial melting of mafic (amphibolitic) lower crust by periodic influx of basaltic magma: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 193, p. 483-499.
205. Plank, T., 2005, Constraints from thorium/lanthanum on sediment recycling at subduction zones and the evolution of the continents: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 921-944.
206. Plank, T., and Langmuir, C.H., 1988, An evaluation of the global variations in the major element chemistry of arc basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 90, p. 349-370.
207. Polat, A., and Kerrich, R., 2001, Magnesian andesites, Nb-enriched basalt-andesites, and adakites from late-Archean 2.7 Ga Wawa greenstone belts, Superior province, Canada: Implications for late Archean subduction zone petrogenetic processes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 141, p. 36-52.
208. Polat, A., and Kerrich, R., 2006, Reading the geochemical fingerprints of Archean hot subduction volcanic rocks: Evidence for accretion and crustal recycling in a mobile tectonic regime: American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph Series 164, p. 189-213.
209. Poli, S., and Schmidt, M.W., 2002, Petrology of subducted slabs: Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 30, p. 207-235.
210. 2O, S, Cl, F) and trace elements in melt inclusions from the Kamchatka arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 255, p. 53-69.
211. Poulsen, K.H., Card., K.D., and Franklin, J.M., 1992, Archean tectonics and metallogenic evolution of the Superior province of the Canadian Shield: Precambrian Research, v. 58, p. 25-54.
212. Prowatke, S., and Klemme, S., 2006, Rare earth element partitioning between titanite and silicate melts: Henry's law revisited: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, p. 4997-5012.
213. Rabbia, O.M., Hernández, L.B., King, R.W., and López-Escobar, L., 2002, Discussion on "Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: Adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism" by Oyarzun et al. (Mineralium Deposita 36: 794-798, 2001): Mineralium Deposita, v. 37, p. 791-794.
214. Rapp, R.P., and Watson, E.B., 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p. 891-931.
215. Rapp, R.P., Watson, E.B., and Miller, C.F., 1991, Partial melting of amphibolite/eclogite and the origin of Archean trondhjemites and tholeiites: Precambrian Research, v. 51, p. 1-25.
216. Rapp, R.P., Shimizu, N., and Norman, M.D., 2003, Growth of early continental crust by partial melting of eclogite: Nature, v. 425, p. 605-609.
217. Reich, M., Parada, M.A., Palacios, C., Dietrich, A., Schultz, F., and Lehmann, B., 2003, Adakite-like signature of late Miocene intrusions at the Los Pelambres giant porphyry copper deposit in the Andes of central Chile: Metallogenic implications: Mineralium Deposita, v. 38, p. 876-885.
218. Richards, J.P., 1990, The Porgera gold deposit, Papua New Guinea: Geology, geochemistry and geochronology: Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Canberra, Australia, Australian National University, 111 p.
219. Richards, J.P., 1995, Alkalic-type epithermal gold deposits - a review: Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series, v. 23, p. 367-400.
220. Richards, J.P., 2002, Discussion of "Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: Adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism" by Oyarzun et al. (Mineralium Deposita 36: 794-798, 2001): Mineralium Deposita, v. 37, p. 788-790.
221. Richards, J.P., 2003, Tectono-magmatic precursors for porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au) deposit formation: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, V. 96, p. 1515-1533.
222. Richards, J.P., 2005, Cumulative factors in the generation of giant calc-alkaline porphyry Cu deposits, in Porter, T.M., ed., Super porphyry copper and gold deposits: A global perspective: Linden Park, South Australia, PGC Publishing, v. 1, p. 7-25.
223. Richards, J.P., and Villeneuve, M., 2001, The Llullaillaco volcano, northwest Argentina: Construction by Pleistocene volcanism and destruction by sector collapse: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 105, p. 77-105.
224. Richards, J.P., and Villeneuve, M., 2002, Characteristics of late Cenozoic volcanism along the Archibarca lineament from Cerro Llullaillaco to Corrida de Cori, northwest Argentina: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 116, p. 161-200.
225. Richards, J.P., Boyce, A.J., and Pringle, M.S., 2001, Geological evolution of the Escondida area, northern Chile: A model for spatial and temporal localization of porphyry Cu mineralization: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, V. 96, p. 271-305.
226. Richards, J.P., Ullrich, T, and Kerrich, R., 2006, The late Miocene-Quaternary Antofalla volcanic complex, southern Puna, NW Argentina: Protracted history, diverse petrology, and economic potential: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 152, p. 197-239.
227. Ringwood, A.E., 1977, Petrogenesis in island arc systems, in Talwani, M., and Pitman, W.C., eds., Island arcs, deep sea trenches, and back arc basins: American Geophysical Union [Maurice Ewing Series I], p. 311-324.
228. Rogers, N.W., and Setterfield, T.N., 1994, Potassium and incompatible-element enrichment in shoshonitic lavas from the Tavua volcano, Fiji: Chemical Geology, v. 118, p. 43-62
229. Rohrlach, B.D., 2002, Tectonic evolution, petrochemistry, geochronology and paleohydrology of the Tampakan porphyry and high sulphidation epithermal Cu-Au deposit, Mindanao, Philippines: Unpublished PhD thesis, Canberra, Australia, Australian National University, 499 p.
230. Rohrlach, B.D., and Loucks, R.R., 2005, Multi-million-year cyclic ramp-up of volatiles in a lower crustal magma reservoir trapped below the Tampakan copper-gold deposit by Mio-Pliocene crustal compression in the southern Philippines, in Porter, TM., ed., Super porphyry copper and gold deposits: A global perspective: Adelaide, South Australia, PGC Publishing, v. 2, p. 369-407.
231. Rollinson, H., 1993, Using geochemical data: Evaluation, presentation, interpretation: Harlow, UK, Longman, 352 p.
232. Roth, E., Groves, D., Anderson, G., Daley, L., and Staley, R., 1991, Primary mineralization at the Boddington gold mine, Western Australia: An Archaean porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, in Ladeira, E.A., ed., Brazil Gold '91: The economics, geology, geochemistry and genesis of gold deposits. Proceedings: Rotterdam, A.A. Balkema, p. 481-488.
233. Rudnick, R.L., and Gao, S., 2003, Composition of the continental crust:Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 3, p. 1-64.
234. Rushmer, T., 1993, Experimental high-pressure granulites: Some applications to natural mafic xenolith suites and Archean granulite terranes: Geology, v. 21, p. 411-414.
235. Sajona, F.G., and Maury, R.C., 1998, Association of adakites with gold and copper mineralization in the Philippines: Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série II, Sciences de la terre et des planètes, v. 326, 27-34.
236. Sajona, F.G., Maury, R.C., Bellon, H., Cotten, J., Defant, M.J., and Pubellier, M., 1993, Initiation of subduction and the generation of slab melts in western and eastern Mindanao, Philippines: Geology, v. 21, p. 1007-1010.
237. Sajona, F.G., Maury, R.C., Bellon, H., Cotten, J., and Defant, M., 1996, High field strength element enrichment of Pliocene-Pleistocene island arc basalts, Zamboanga peninsula, western Mindanao (Philippines): Journal of Petrology, v. 37, p. 693-726.
238. Sajona, F.G., Maury, R.C., Prouteau, G., Cotten, J., Schiano, P., Bellon, H., and Fontaine, L., 2000, Slab melt as metasomatic agent in island arc magma mantle sources, Negros and Batan (Philippines): Island Arc, v. 9, p. 472-486.
239. Saleeby, J., Ducea, M., and Clemens-Knott, D., 2003, Production and loss of high-density batholithic root, southern Sierra Nevada, California: Tectonics, v. 22, no. 6, 1064, doi: 10.1029/2002TC001374.
240. Samaniego, P., Martin, H., Monzier, M., Robin, C., Fornari, M., Eissen, J.-P., and Cotten, J., 2005, Temporal evolution of magmatism in the Northern volcanic zone of the Andes: The geology and petrology of Cayambe volcanic complex (Ecuador): Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 2225-2252.
241. Saunders, A.D., Rogers, G., Marriner, G.F., Terrell, D.J., and Verma, S.P., 1987, Geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rocks, Baja California, Mexico: Implications for the genesis of post-subduction magmas: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 32, p. 223-245.
242. Schiano, P., Clocchiatti, R., Shimizu, N., Maury, B.C., Jochum, K.P., and Hofmann, A.W., 1995, Hydrous, silica-rich melts in the sub-arc mantle and their relationship with erupted arc lavas: Nature, v. 277, p. 595-600.
243. Schmidt, M.W., and Poli, S., 1998, Experimentally based water budgets for dehydrating slabs and consequences for arc magma generation: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 163, p. 361-379.
244. Seggiaro, R., Gorustovich, S.A., and Martí, J., 1987, Las ignimbritas del complejo volcánico Coranzuli (Puna Argentina-Andes Centrales) [Ignimbrites of the Coranzuli volcanic complex, Puna Argentina, Central Andes]: Estudios Geologicos (Madrid), v. 43, p. 345-358.
245. Sen, C., and Dunn, T., 1994, Dehydration melting of a basaltic composition amphibolite at 1.5 and 2.0 GPa: Implications for the origin of adakites: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 117, p. 394-409.
246. Shirey, S.B., and Hanson, G.N., 1986, Mantle heterogeneity and crustal recycling in Archean granite-greenstone belts: Evidence from Nd isotopes and trace elements in the Rainy Lake area, Superior province, Ontario, Canada: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, p. 2631-2651.
247. Siebel, W., Schnurr, W.B.W., Hahne, K., Kraemer, B., Trumbull, R.B., van den Bogaard, P., and Emmermann, R., 2001, Geochemistry and isotope systematics of small- to medium-volume Neogene-Quaternary ignimbrites in the southern central Andes: Evidence for derivation from andesitic magma sources: Chemical Geology, v. 171, p. 213-237.
248. Sikka, D., and Nehru, C.E., 1997, Review of Precambrian porphyry Cu+ or -Mo+ or -Au deposits with special reference to Malanjkhand porphyry copper deposit, Madhya Pradesh, India: Journal of the Geological Society of India, v.49, p. 239-288.
249. Sisson, T.W., 1994, Hornblende-melt trace-element partitioning measured by ion microprobe: Chemical Geology, v. 117, p. 331-344.
250. Smithies, R.H., and Champion, D.C., 2000, The Archean high-Mg diorite suite: Links to tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite magmatism and implications for early Archean crustal growth: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1653-1671.
251. Snyder, D., and Tait, S., 1998, The imprint of basalt on the geochemistry of silicic magmas: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 160, p. 433-445.
252. 2O storage and recycling in the mantle: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 137, p. 45-55.
253. Solomon, M., 1990, Subduction, arc reversal, and the origin of porphyry copper-gold deposits in island arcs: Geology, v. 18, p. 630-633.
254. Stein, H.J., Hannah, J.L., Zimmerman, A., Markey, R.J., Sarkar, S.C., and Pal, A.B., 2004, A 2.5 Ga porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit at Malanjkhand, central India: Implications for Late Archean continental assembly: Precambrian Research, v. 134, p. 189-226.
255. Stern, C.R., and Kilian, R., 1996, Role of the subducted slab, mantle wedge and continental crust in the generation of adakites from the Andean Austral volcanic zone: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 123, p. 263-281.
256. Streck, M.J., Leeman, W.P., and Chesley, J., 2007, Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive mantle melt: Geology, v. 35, p. 351-354.
257. Streckeisen, A., and Le Maitre, R.W., 1979, A chemical approximation to the modal QAPF classification of the igneous rocks: Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, v. 136, p. 169-206.
258. Sun, S.-s., and McDonough, W.F., 1989, Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes: Geological Society of London Special Publication 42, p. 313-345.
259. Sutcliffe, R.H., Barrie, C.T., Burrows, D.R., and Beakhouse, G.P., 1993, Plutonism in the southern Abitibi subprovince: A tectonic and petrogenetic framework: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 88, p. 1359-1375.
260. Svetov, S.A., Huhma, H., Svetova, A.I., and Nazarova, T.N., 2004, The oldest adakites of the Fennoscandian Shield: Doklady Earth Sciences, v. 397A, p. 878-882. (Translated from Doklady Akademii Nauk, v. 397, p. 810-814.)
261. Takahashi, Y., Kagashima, S.-I., and Mikoshiba, M.U., 2005, Geochemistry of adakitic quartz diorite in the Yamizo Mountains, central Japan: Implications for Early Cretaceous adakitic magmatism in the inner zone of southwest Japan: Island Arc, v. 14, p. 150-164.
262. Tarney, J., and Jones, C.E., 1994, Trace element geochemistyry of orogenic igneous rocks and crustal growth models: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 151, p. 855-868.
263. Tatsumi, Y., 1986, Formation of the volcanic front in subduction zones: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 17, p. 717-720.
264. Tatsumi, Y., 1989, Migration of fluid phases and genesis of basalt magmas in subduction zones: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 4697-4707.
265. Tatsumi, Y., 2006, High-Mg andesites in the Setouchi volcanic belt, southwestern Japan: Analogy to Archean magmatism and continental crust formation?: Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Science, v. 34, p. 467-499.
266. Taylor, S.R., and McLennan, S.M., 1985, The continental crust: Its composition and evolution: An examination of the geochemical record preserved in sedimentary rocks: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 312 p.
267. Thiéblemont, D., Stein, G., and Lescuyer, J.-L., 1997, Gisements épithermaux et porphyriques: la connexion adakite: C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Sciences de la terre et des planètes/Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 325, p. 103-109.
268. Thirlwall, M.F., Graham, A.M., Arculus, R.J., Harmon, R.S., and Macpherson, C.G., 1996, Resolution of the effects of crustal assimilation, sediment subduction, and fluid transport in island arc magmas: Pb-Sr-Nd-O isotope geochemistry of Grenada, Lesser Antilles: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, p. 4785-4810.
269. Thorkelson, D.J., and Breitsprecher, K., 2005, Partial melting of slab window margins: Genesis of adakitic and non-adakitic magmas: Lithos, v. 79, p. 25-41.
270. Thurston, P.C., 1991, Archean geology of Ontario: Introduction: Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 4, p. 73-78.
271. Tuff, J., and Gibson, S.A., 2007, Trace-element partitioning between garnet, clinopyroxene and Fe-rich picritic melts at 3 to 7 GPa: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 153, p. 369-387.
272. Tulloch, A.J., and Kimbrough, D.L., 2003, Paired plutonic belts in convergent margins and the development of high Sr/Y magmatism: Peninsular Ranges batholith of Baja-California and Median batholith of New Zealand: Geological Society of America Special Paper 374, p. 1-21.
273. Vearncombe, S., and Kerrich, R., 1999, Geochemistry and geodynamic setting of volcanic and plutonic rocks associated with Early Archean volcanogenic massive sulphide mineralization, Pilbara craton: Precambrian Research, v. 98, p. 243-270.
274. Waite, K.A., Keith, J.D., Christiansen, E.H., Whitney, JA., Hattori, K., Tingey, D.G., and Hook, C.J., 1997, Petrogenesis of the volcanic and intrusive rocks associated with the Bingham Canyon porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Utah: Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook Series, v. 29, p. 69-90.
275. 2 by slab-melt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 153, p. 607-624.
276. Wang, Q., Wyman, D.A., Xu, J.-F., Zhao, Z.-H., Jian, P., Yiong, X.-L., Bao, Z.-W., Li, C.-F., and Bai, Z.-H., 2006a, Petrogenesis of Cretaceous adakitic and shoshonitic igneous rocks in the Luzong area, Anhui province (eastern China): Implications for geodynamics and Cu-Au mineralization: Lithos, v. 89, p. 424-446.
277. Wang, Q., Xu, J.-F., Jian, R, Bao, Z.-W., Zhao, Z.-H., Li, C.-F., Yjong, X.-L., and Ma, J.-L., 2006b, Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: Implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization: Journal of Petrology, v. 47, p. 119-144.
278. Whalen, J.B., Percival, J.A., McNicoll, V.J., and Longstaffe, F.J., 2002, A mainly crustal origin for tonalitic granitoid rocks, Superior province, Canada: Implications for Late Archean tectonomagmatic processes: Journal of Petrology, v. 43, p. 1551-1570.
279. Wittenbrink, R., 1997, Zetliche Variationen der Magniengenese miozäner bis quartärer Vulkanite im südlichen Bereich der Zentralen Vulkanischen Zone der Anden (CVZ, 25°-26°S, 67°-69°W): Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, Band 193, 135 p.
280. Wolf, M.B., and Wyllie, P.J., 1994, Dehydration-melting of amphibolite at 10 kbars - the effects of temperature and time: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 115, p. 369-383.
281. Wörner, G., Moorbath, S., and Harmon, R.S., 1992, Andean Cenozoic volcanic centers reflect basement isotopic domains: Geology, v. 20, p. 1103-1106.
282. Wyborn, D., and Sun, S.-s., 1994, Sulphur-undersaturated magmatism - a key factor for generating magma-related copper-gold deposits: Australian Geological Survey Organisation (AGSC) Research Newsletter, v. 21, p. 7-8.
283. Wyllie, P.J., 1978, Water and magma generation at subduction zones: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 41, p. 360-377.
284. Wyllie, P.J., Carroll, M.R., Johnston, A.D., Rutter, M.J., Sekine, T., and Van Der Laan, S.R., 1989, Interactions among magmas and rocks in subduction zone regions: Experimental studies from slab to mantle to crust: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 1, p. 165-79.
285. Wyman, D.A., Bleeker, W., and Kerrich, R., 1999a, A 2.7 Ga komatiite, low Ti tholefite, are tholeiite transition, and inferred proto-arc geodynamic setting of the Kidd Creek deposit: Evidence from precise trace element data: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY MONOGRAPH 10, p. 511-528.
286. Wyman, D., Kerrich, R., and Groves, D.I., 1999b, Lode gold deposits and Archean mantle plume-island arc interaction, Abitibi subprovince, Canada: journal of Geology, v. 107, p. 715-725.
287. Wyman, D.A., Ayer, J.A., and Devaney, J.R., 2000, Niobium-enriched basalts from the Wabigoon subprovince, Canada: Evidence for adakitic metasomatism above an Archean subduction zone: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 179, p. 21-30.
288. Yogodzinski, G.M., Kay, R.W., Volynets, O.N., Koloskov, A.V., and Kay, S.M., 1995, Magnesian andesite in the western Aleutian Komandorsky region: Implications for slab melting and processes in the mantle wedge: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 107, p. 505-519.
289. Yogodzinski, G.M., Lees, J.M., Churikova, T.G., Dorendorf, F., Wöerner, G., and Volynets, O.N., 2001, Geochemical evidence for the melting of subducting oceanic lithosphere at plate edges: Nature, v. 409, p. 500-504.
290. Yuan, X., Sobolev, S.V., and Kind, R., 2002, Moho topography in the central Andes and its geodynamic implications: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 199, p. 389-402.
291. Yumul, G.P., Dimalanta, C., Bellon, H., Faustino, D.V., De Jesus, J.V., Tamavo, R.A., and Jumawan, F.T., 2000, Adakitic lavas in the Central Luzon back-arc region, Philippines: Lower crust partial melting products?: Island Arc, v. 9, p. 499-512.
292. Zhang, H., Thurber, C.H., Shelly, D., Ide, S., Beroza, G.C., and Hasegawa, A., 2004, High-resolution subducting-slab structure beneath northern Honshu, Japan, revealed by double-difference tomography: Geology, v. 32, p. 361-364.
293. Zhao, D., Hasegawa, A., and Horiuchi, S., 1992, Tomographic imaging of P and S wave velocity structure beneath northeastern Japan: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 19,909-19,928.