Selective versus routine intraoperative shunting during carotid endarterectomy: A multivariate outcome analysis

Neurosurgery

Volumn 61, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 1170-1176

  Woodworth, Graeme F ^a,b   McGirt, Matthew J ^a   Than, Khoi D ^a   Huang, Judy ^a   Perler, Bruce A ^a   Tamargo, Rafael J ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Carotid endarterectomy; Complications; Intraluminal shunting; Neurological morbidity; Selective shunting

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; EVOKED SOMATOSENSORY RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTRALUMINAL SHUNTING; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; ROUTINE SHUNTING; SELECTIVE SHUNTING; SHUNTING; STROKE; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ARTERIOVENOUS SHUNT, SURGICAL; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ENDARTERECTOMY, CAROTID; EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STROKE;

EID: 37649016586     PISSN: 0148396X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000306094.15270.40     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Deleted in proof.
2. Awad IA, Little JR: Patch angioplasty in carotid endarterectomy. Advantages, concerns, and controversies. Stroke 20:417-422, 1989.
3. Ballotta E, Dagiau G, Saladini M, Bottio T, Abbruzzese E, Meneghetti G, Guerra M: Results of electroencephalographic monitoring during 369 consecutive carotid artery revascularizations. Eur Neurol 37:43-47, 1997.
4. Birkmeyer JD, Finlayson EV, Birkmeyer CM: Volume standards for high-risk surgical procedures: Potential benefits of the Leapfrog initiative. Surgery 130:415-422, 2001.
5. Bond R, Rerkasem K, Counsell C, Salinas R, Naylor R, Warlow CP, Rothwell PM: Routine or selective carotid artery shunting for carotid endarterectomy (and different methods of monitoring in selective shunting). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD000190, 2002.
6. Bond R, Rerkasem K, Rothwell PM: Routine or selective carotid artery shunting for carotid endarterectomy (and different methods of monitoring in selective shunting). Stroke 34:824-825, 2003.
7. Boules TN, Proctor MC, Aref A, Upchurch GR Jr, Stanley JC, Henke PK: Carotid endarterectomy remains the standard of care, even in high-risk surgical patients. Ann Surg 241:356-363, 2005.
8. Boysen G, Sørensen PS, Juhler M, Andersen AR, Boas J, Olsen JS, Joensen P: Danish very-low-dose aspirin after carotid endarterectomy trial. Stroke 19:1211-1215, 1988.
9. Deleted in proof.
10. Chambers BR, You RX, Donnan GA: Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD001923, 2000.
11. Chiesa R, Melissano G, Castellano R, Frigerio S, Catenaccio B: Carotid endarterectomy: Experience in 5425 cases. Ann Vasc Surg 18:527-534, 2004.
12. Cho I, Smullens SN, Streletz LJ, Fariello RG: The value of intraoperative EEG monitoring during carotid endarterectomy. Ann Neurol 20:508-512, 1986.
13. Clark RE: Outcome as a function of annual coronary artery bypass graft volume. The Ad Hoc Committee on Cardiac Surgery Credentialing of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Ann Thorac Surg 61:21-26, 1996.
14. Courcoulas A, Schuchert M, Gatti G, Luketich J: The relationship of surgeon and hospital volume to outcome after gastric bypass surgery in Pennsylvania: A 3-year summary. Surgery 134:613-623, 2003.
15. Coyne TJ, Wallace MC, Benedict C: Peri-operative anticoagulant effects of heparinization for carotid endarterectomy. Aust N Z J Surg 64:679-683, 1994.
16. Cuadra SA, Zwerling JS, Feuerman M, Gasparis AP, Hines GL: Cerebral oximetry monitoring during carotid endarterectomy: Effect of carotid clamping and shunting. Vasc Endovascular Surg 37:407-413, 2003.
17. Cundy JB: Carotid artery stenosis and endarterectomy. AORN J 75:310-332, 2002.
18. Dardik A, Bowman HM, Gordon TA, Hsieh G, Perler BA: Impact of race on the outcome of carotid endarterectomy: A population-based analysis of 9,842 recent elective procedures. Ann Surg 232:704-709, 2000.
19. De Vleeschauwer P, Horsch S, Matamoros R: Monitoring of somatosensory evoked potentials in carotid surgery: Results, usefulness and limitations of the method. Ann Vasc Surg 2:63-68, 1988.
20. Degrémont AC, Ismail M, Arthaud M, Oulare B, Mundler O, Paris M, Baron JF: Mechanisms of postoperative prolonged plasma volume expansion with low molecular weight hydroxethy starch (HES 200/0.62, 6%). Intensive Care Med 21:577-583, 1995.
21. Dimick JB, Pronovost PJ, Cowan JA, Lipsett PA: Surgical volume and quality of care for esophageal resection: Do high-volume hospitals have fewer complications? Ann Thorac Surg 75:337-341, 2003.
22. Dorman BH, Elliott BM, Spinale FG, Bailey MK, Walton JS, Robison JG, Brothers TE, Cook MH: Protamine use during peripheral vascular surgery: A prospective randomized trial. J Vasc Surg 22:248-256, 1995.
23. Duffy CM, Manninen PH, Chan A, Kearns CF: Comparison of cerebral oximeter and evoked potential monitoring in carotid endarterectomy. Can J Anaesth 44:1077-1081, 1997.
24. Ecker RD, Pichelmann MA, Meissner I, Meyer FB: Durability of carotid endarterectomy. Stroke 34:2941-2944, 2003.
25. Deleted in proof.
26. Grego F, Antonello M, Lepidi S, Bonvini S, Deriu GP: Prospective, randomized study of external jugular vein patch versus polytetrafluoroethylene patch during carotid endarterectomy: Perioperative and long-term results. J Vasc Surg 38:1232-1240, 2003.
27. Hamdan AD, Pomposelli FB Jr, Gibbons GW, Campbell DR, LoGerfo FW: Perioperative strokes after 1001 consecutive carotid endarterectomy procedures without an electroencephalogram: Incidence, mechanism, and recovery. Arch Surg 134:412-415, 1999.
28. Jacobowitz GR, Rockman CB, Lamparello PJ, Adelman MA, Schanzer A, Woo D, Landis R, Gagne PJ, Riles TS, Imparato AM: Causes of perioperative stroke after carotid endarterectomy: Special considerations in symptomatic patients. Ann Vasc Surg 15:19-24, 2001.
29. Jeleazcov C, Schneider G, Daunderer M, Scheller B, Schuttler J, Schwilden H: The discriminant power of simultaneous monitoring of spontaneous electroencephalogram and evoked potentials as a predictor of different clinical states of general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 103:894-901, 2006.
30. Jernigan WR, Hamman JL: The causes and prevention of stroke associated with carotid artery surgery. Am Surg 48:79-84, 1982.
31. Jordan KG: Emergency EEG and continuous EEG monitoring in acute ischemic stroke. J Clin Neurophysiol 21:341-352, 2004.
32. Koenig MA, Kaplan PW, Thakor NV: Clinical neurophysiologic monitoring and brain injury from cardiac arrest. Neurol Clin 24:89-106, 2006.
33. LeGrand DR, Linehan RL: The suitability of expanded PTFE for carotid patch angioplasty. Ann Vasc Surg 4:209-212, 1990.
34. Leys D: Atherothrombosis: A major health burden. Cerebrovasc Dis 11 [Suppl 2]:1-4, 2001.
35. Littooy FN, Halstuk KS, Mamdani M, Calandra D, Hayes AC, Baker WH: Factors influencing morbidity of carotid endarterectomy without a shunt. Am Surg 50:350-353, 1984.
36. López JR: The use of evoked potentials in intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 15:63-84, 2004.
37. Markand ON, Dilley RS, Moorthy SS, Warren C Jr: Monitoring of somatosensory evoked responses during carotid endarterectomy. Arch Neurol 41:375-378, 1984.
38. Martin CJ, Sinson G, Patterson T, Zager EL, Stecker MM: Sensitivity of scalp EEG, cortical EGG, and somatosensory evoked responses during surgery for intracranial aneurysms. Surg Neurol 58:317-321, 2002.
39. Plestis KA, Loubser P, Mizrahi EM, Kantis G, Jiang ZD, Howell JF: Continuous electroencephalographic monitoring and selective shunting reduces neurologic morbidity rates in carotid endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 25:620-628, 1997.
40. Pokras R, Dyken ML: Dramatic changes in the performance of endarterectomy for diseases of the extracranial arteries of the head. Stroke 19:1289-1290, 1988.
41. Rodríguez y Baena R, Gaetani P, Bono G, Lavezzari M, Milanesi G: Antiplatelet treatment after carotid endarterectomy: A pilot study. J Neurosurg Sci 36:39-45, 1992.
42. Rothwell PM, Slattery J, Warlow CP: Clinical and angiographic predictors of stroke and death from carotid endarterectomy: Systematic review. BMJ 315:1571-1577, 1997.
43. Salvian AJ, Taylor DC, Hsiang YN, Hildebrand HD, Litherland HK, Humer MF, Teal PA, MacDonald DB: Selective shunting with EEG monitoring is safer than routine shunting for carotid endarterectomy. Cardiovasc Surg 5:481-485, 1997.
44. Santamaria G, Britti RD, Tescione M, Moschella A, Bellinvia C: Comparison between local and general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy. A retrospective analysis [in English and Italian]. Minerva Anestesiol 70:771-778, 2004.
45. Sbarigia E, Schioppa A, Misuraca M, Panico MA, Battocchio C, Maraglino C, Speziale F, Fiorani P: Somatosensory evoked potentials versus locoregional anaesthesia in the monitoring of cerebral function during carotid artery surgery: Preliminary results of a prospective study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 21:413-416, 2001.
46. Schneider JR, Droste JS, Schindler N, Golan JF, Bernstein LP, Rosenberg RS: Carotid endarterectomy with routine electroencephalography and selective shunting: Influence of contralateral internal carotid artery occlusion and utility in prevention of perioperative strokes. J Vasc Surg 35:1114-1122, 2002.
47. Smith JL, Evans DH, Fan L, Gaunt ME, London NJ, Bell PR, Naylor AR: Interpretation of embolic phenomena during carotid endarterectomy. Stroke 26:2281-2284, 1995.
48. Takeda N, Fujita K, Katayama S, Tamaki N: Cerebral oximetry for the detection of cerebral ischemia during temporary carotid artery occlusion. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 40:557-563, 2000.
49. Thomson I, Fanous M: Carotid endarterectomy under regional anaesthesia at Dunedin Hospital, New Zealand: 1994-2003. N Z Med J 119:U1882, 2006.
50. Tu JV, Wang H, Bowyer B, Green L, Fang J, Kucey D; Participants in the Ontario Carotid Endarterectomy Registry: Risk factors for death or stroke after carotid endarterectomy: Observations from the Ontario Carotid Endarterectomy Registry. Stroke 34:2568-2573, 2003.
51. Uno M, Suzue A, Nishi K, Nagahiro S: Hemodynamic cerebral ischemia during carotid endarterectomy evaluated by intraoperative monitoring and postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging. Neurol Res 29:70-77, 2007.
52. Verma NP, Peters GM, Jacobs LA, Dahn MS, King SD: An assessment of the variability of early scalp-components of the somatosensory evoked response in uncomplicated, unshunted carotid endarterectomy. Clin Electroencephalogr 16:157-160, 1985.