Trap-controlled hole transport in small molecule organic semiconductors

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 91, Issue 24, 2007, Pages

  Fleissner, Arne ^a   Schmid, Hanna ^a   Melzer, Christian ^a   Von Seggern, Heinz ^a  

^a DARMSTADT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); ELECTRON MOBILITY; ELECTRON TRAPS;

AMORPHOUS SMALL MOLECULE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR; TRAP-CONTROLLED HOLE TRANSPORT;

SEMICONDUCTING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

EID: 37149038557     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.2820448     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. K. C. Kao and W. Hwang, Electrical Transport in Solids (Pergamon, Oxford, 1981); N. Karl, in Defect Control in Semiconductors, edited by, K. Sumino, (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1972), Vol. II, p. 1725.
2. K. C. Kao and W. Hwang, Electrical Transport in Solids (Pergamon, Oxford, 1981); N. Karl, in Defect Control in Semiconductors, edited by, K. Sumino, (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1972), Vol. II, p. 1725.
3. K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 10.1002/pssa.2210270219 27, 499 (1975); K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 31, 793(E) (1975); N. von Malm, J. Steiger, R. Schmechel, and H. von Seggern, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 5559 (2001).
4. K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 10.1002/pssa.2210270219 27, 499 (1975); K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 31, 793(E) (1975); N. von Malm, J. Steiger, R. Schmechel, and H. von Seggern, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 5559 (2001).
5. K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 10.1002/pssa.2210270219 27, 499 (1975); K.-H. Probst and N. Karl, Phys. Status Solidi A 0031-8965 31, 793(E) (1975); N. von Malm, J. Steiger, R. Schmechel, and H. von Seggern, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 5559 (2001).
6. Z. D. Popovic, S. Xie, N. Hu, A. Hor, D. Fork, G. Anderson, and C. Tripp, Thin Solid Films 363, 6 (2000).
7. D. C. Hoesterey and G. M. Letson, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 24, 1609 (1963).
8. G. Pfister, S. Grammatica, and J. Mort, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.1360 37, 1360 (1976); D. M. Pai, J. F. Yanus, and M. Stolka, J. Phys. Chem. 88, 4714 (1984).
9. G. Pfister, S. Grammatica, and J. Mort, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.1360 37, 1360 (1976); D. M. Pai, J. F. Yanus, and M. Stolka, J. Phys. Chem. 88, 4714 (1984).
10. U. Wolf, H. Bässler, P. M. Borsenberger, and W. T. Gruenbaum, Chem. Phys. 222, 259 (1997).
11. N. von Malm, R. Schmechel, and H. von Seggern, Synth. Met. 126, 87 (2002).
12. A. Fleissner, W. Weise, and H. von Seggern, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 043701 (2005).
13. P. M. Borsenberger and D. Weiss, Organic Photoreceptors for Xerography (Eastman Kodak, Rochester, 1998).
14. M. A. Lampert and P. Mark, Current Injection in Solids (Academic, New York, 1970).
15. Z. Deng, S. T. Lee, D. P. Webb, Y. C. Chan, and W. A. Gambling, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 10.1016/S0379-6779(99)00149-6 107, 107 (1999); S. Naka, H. Okada, H. Omnagawa, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 111-112, 331 (2000); S. C. Tse, S. W. Tsang, and S. K. So, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2348640 100, 063708 (2006); B. Chen, C.-S. Lee, and S.-T. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 39, 1190 (2000).
16. Z. Deng, S. T. Lee, D. P. Webb, Y. C. Chan, and W. A. Gambling, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 10.1016/S0379-6779(99)00149-6 107, 107 (1999); S. Naka, H. Okada, H. Omnagawa, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 111-112, 331 (2000); S. C. Tse, S. W. Tsang, and S. K. So, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2348640 100, 063708 (2006); B. Chen, C.-S. Lee, and S.-T. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 39, 1190 (2000).
17. Z. Deng, S. T. Lee, D. P. Webb, Y. C. Chan, and W. A. Gambling, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 10.1016/S0379-6779(99)00149-6 107, 107 (1999); S. Naka, H. Okada, H. Omnagawa, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 111-112, 331 (2000); S. C. Tse, S. W. Tsang, and S. K. So, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2348640 100, 063708 (2006); B. Chen, C.-S. Lee, and S.-T. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 39, 1190 (2000).
18. Z. Deng, S. T. Lee, D. P. Webb, Y. C. Chan, and W. A. Gambling, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 10.1016/S0379-6779(99)00149-6 107, 107 (1999); S. Naka, H. Okada, H. Omnagawa, Synth. Met. 0379-6779 111-112, 331 (2000); S. C. Tse, S. W. Tsang, and S. K. So, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2348640 100, 063708 (2006); B. Chen, C.-S. Lee, and S.-T. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 39, 1190 (2000).
19. H. Bässler, Phys. Status Solidi B 175, 15 (1993).
20. J. Staudigel, Ph.D. thesis, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, 1999.
21. A. Rajagopal, C. I. Wu, and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.367027 83, 2649 (1998); I. G. Hill and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.368864 84, 5583 (1998); E. W. Forsythe, V. E. Choong, T. Q. Le, and Y. L. Gao, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17, 3429 (1999).
22. A. Rajagopal, C. I. Wu, and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.367027 83, 2649 (1998); I. G. Hill and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.368864 84, 5583 (1998); E. W. Forsythe, V. E. Choong, T. Q. Le, and Y. L. Gao, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17, 3429 (1999).
23. A. Rajagopal, C. I. Wu, and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.367027 83, 2649 (1998); I. G. Hill and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.368864 84, 5583 (1998); E. W. Forsythe, V. E. Choong, T. Q. Le, and Y. L. Gao, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17, 3429 (1999).
24. H. Scher and E. Montroll, Phys. Rev. B 12, 2455 (1975).
25. P. M. Borsenberger, L. T. Pautmeier, and H. Bässler, Phys. Rev. B 46, 12145 (1992).
26. P. M. Borsenberger and J. J. Fitzgerald, J. Chem. Phys. 0021-9606 10.1063/1.463836 97, 4815 (1993);
27. S. Heun and P. M. Borsenberger, Chem. Phys. 200, 245 (1995).