메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 50, Issue 25, 2007, Pages 6419-6427

Potent anticonvulsant urea derivatives of constitutional isomers of valproic acid

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 ETHYL 3 METHYL PENTANOYLUREA; 2 ETHYL 3 METHYLPENTANOYL UREA; 2 ISOPROPYL 3 METHYLBUTANOYL UREA; 2 ISOPROPYLPENTANOIC ACID; 2 ISOPROPYLPENTANOYL UREA; 2 ISOPROPYLVALERAMIDE; 2 PROPYLPENTANOYL UREA; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; DIISOPROPYLACETAMIDE; DIISOPROPYLACETIC ACID; DIISOPROPYLACETYLUREA; OCTANOYLUREA; PROPYLISOPROPYLACETIC ACID; PROPYLISOPROPYLACETYLUREA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UREA DERIVATIVE; VALNOCTAMIDE; VALNOCTIC ACID; VALPROIC ACID;

EID: 37049031057     PISSN: 00222623     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jm7009233     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (48)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 33750121902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy of the Epilepsies
    • 11th ed, Brunton, L. L, Lazo, J. S, Parker, K. L, Eds, McGraw-Hill, New York
    • McNamara, J. O. Pharmacotherapy of the Epilepsies. In The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ed.; Brunton, L. L., Lazo, J. S., Parker, K. L., Eds.; McGraw-Hill, New York, 2006; pp 501-525.
    • (2006) The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , pp. 501-525
    • McNamara, J.O.1
  • 2
    • 0002284688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproic Acid: Clinical Efficacy and Use in Epilepsy
    • 5th ed, Levy, R. H, Mattson, R. H, Meldrum, B. S, Perucca, E, Eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, New York
    • Bourgeois, F. D. B. Valproic Acid: Clinical Efficacy and Use in Epilepsy. In Antiepileptic Drugs, 5th ed.; Levy, R. H., Mattson, R. H., Meldrum, B. S., Perucca, E., Eds.; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, New York, 2002; pp 808-817.
    • (2002) Antiepileptic Drugs , pp. 808-817
    • Bourgeois, F.D.B.1
  • 3
    • 33845653674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Koenig, S. A.; Buesing, D.; Longin, E.; Oehring, R.; Häussermann, P.; Kluger, G.; Lindmayer, F.; Hanusch, R.; Degen, I.; Kuhn, H.; Samii, K.; Jungck, A.; Brückner, R.; Seitz, R.; Boxtermann, W.; Weber, Y.; Knapp, R.; Richard, H. H.; Weidner, B.; Kasper, J. M.; Haensch, C. A.; Fitzek, S.; Hartmann, M.; Borusiak, P.; Müller-Deile, A.; Degenhardt, V.; Korenke, G. C.; Hoppen, T.; Specht, U.; Gerstner, T. Valproic Acid-Induced Hepatopathy: Nine New Fatalities in Germany from 1994 to 2003. Epilepsia 2006, 47, 2027-2031.
    • Koenig, S. A.; Buesing, D.; Longin, E.; Oehring, R.; Häussermann, P.; Kluger, G.; Lindmayer, F.; Hanusch, R.; Degen, I.; Kuhn, H.; Samii, K.; Jungck, A.; Brückner, R.; Seitz, R.; Boxtermann, W.; Weber, Y.; Knapp, R.; Richard, H. H.; Weidner, B.; Kasper, J. M.; Haensch, C. A.; Fitzek, S.; Hartmann, M.; Borusiak, P.; Müller-Deile, A.; Degenhardt, V.; Korenke, G. C.; Hoppen, T.; Specht, U.; Gerstner, T. Valproic Acid-Induced Hepatopathy: Nine New Fatalities in Germany from 1994 to 2003. Epilepsia 2006, 47, 2027-2031.
  • 4
    • 16444380586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs: State of the Art
    • Tomson, T.; Battino, D. Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs: State of the Art. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2005, 18, 135-140.
    • (2005) Curr. Opin. Neurol , vol.18 , pp. 135-140
    • Tomson, T.1    Battino, D.2
  • 5
    • 7444266950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical Relationship between Sodium Valproate Dose and Human Teratogenicity: Results of the Australian Register of Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Pregnancy
    • Vajda, F. J.; O'Brien, T. J.; Hitchcock, A.; Graham, J.; Cook, M.; Lander, C.; Eadie, M. J. Critical Relationship between Sodium Valproate Dose and Human Teratogenicity: Results of the Australian Register of Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Pregnancy. J. Clin. Neurol. 2004, 11, 854-858.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 854-858
    • Vajda, F.J.1    O'Brien, T.J.2    Hitchcock, A.3    Graham, J.4    Cook, M.5    Lander, C.6    Eadie, M.J.7
  • 6
    • 0018668256 scopus 로고
    • A Direct Hepatotoxic Effect of Valproic Acid
    • Sussman, N. M.; McLean, L. W., Jr. A Direct Hepatotoxic Effect of Valproic Acid. JAMA. 1979, 242, 1173-1174.
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.242 , pp. 1173-1174
    • Sussman, N.M.1    McLean Jr., L.W.2
  • 7
    • 0020420283 scopus 로고
    • Valproate-Induced Hepatic Injury: Analysis of 23 Fatal Cases
    • Zimmerman, H. J.; Ishak, K. G. Valproate-Induced Hepatic Injury: Analysis of 23 Fatal Cases. Hepatology 1982, 2, 591-597.
    • (1982) Hepatology , vol.2 , pp. 591-597
    • Zimmerman, H.J.1    Ishak, K.G.2
  • 8
    • 77957179936 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological Evaluation of Various Metabolites and Analogous of Valproic Acid: Teratogenic Potencies in Mice
    • Nau, H.; Loscher, W. Pharmacological Evaluation of Various Metabolites and Analogous of Valproic Acid: Teratogenic Potencies in Mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1986, 6, 669-676.
    • (1986) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol , vol.6 , pp. 669-676
    • Nau, H.1    Loscher, W.2
  • 9
    • 0026001902 scopus 로고
    • Valproic Acid Induced Neural Tube Defects in Mouse and Human: Aspects of Chirality, Alternative Drug Development, Pharmacokinetics and Possible Mechanisms
    • Nau, H.; Hauck, R. S.; Ehlers, K. Valproic Acid Induced Neural Tube Defects in Mouse and Human: Aspects of Chirality, Alternative Drug Development, Pharmacokinetics and Possible Mechanisms. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 1991, 69, 310-321.
    • (1991) Pharmacol. Toxicol , vol.69 , pp. 310-321
    • Nau, H.1    Hauck, R.S.2    Ehlers, K.3
  • 10
    • 0025775231 scopus 로고
    • On the Development of Alternative Antiepileptic Drugs. Lack of Enantioselectivity of the Anticonvulsant Activity, in Contrast to Teratogenicity, of 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoic Acid and 2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic Acid, Analogues of the Anticonvulsant Drug Valproic Acid
    • Hauck, R. S.; Nau, H.; Elmazar, M. M. On the Development of Alternative Antiepileptic Drugs. Lack of Enantioselectivity of the Anticonvulsant Activity, in Contrast to Teratogenicity, of 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoic Acid and 2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic Acid, Analogues of the Anticonvulsant Drug Valproic Acid. Naturwissenschaften 1991, 78, 272-274.
    • (1991) Naturwissenschaften , vol.78 , pp. 272-274
    • Hauck, R.S.1    Nau, H.2    Elmazar, M.M.3
  • 11
    • 0242499953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New CNS-Active Drugs Which Are Second-Generation Valproic Acid: Can They Lead to the Development of a Magic Bullet
    • Isoherranen, N.; Yagen, B.; Bialer, M. New CNS-Active Drugs Which Are Second-Generation Valproic Acid: Can They Lead to the Development of a Magic Bullet. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2003, 16, 203-211.
    • (2003) Curr. Opin. Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 203-211
    • Isoherranen, N.1    Yagen, B.2    Bialer, M.3
  • 12
    • 0022002801 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological Evaluation of Various Metabolites and Analogues of Valproic Acid
    • Loscher, W.; Nau, H. Pharmacological Evaluation of Various Metabolites and Analogues of Valproic Acid. Neuropharmacolgy. 1985, 24, 427-435.
    • (1985) Neuropharmacolgy , vol.24 , pp. 427-435
    • Loscher, W.1    Nau, H.2
  • 13
    • 0028354328 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Valproate Analogues in Rats: IV. Antiepileptic Action and Neurotoxicity of Octanoic Acid, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid, and 1-Methyl-1-Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid
    • Liu, M. J.; Pollack, G. M. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Valproate Analogues in Rats: IV. Antiepileptic Action and Neurotoxicity of Octanoic Acid, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid, and 1-Methyl-1-Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid. Epilepsia 1994, 35, 234-243.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , pp. 234-243
    • Liu, M.J.1    Pollack, G.M.2
  • 15
    • 0020552514 scopus 로고
    • The Effects of Analogues of Valproic Acid on Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazole and GABA Content in Brain of Mice
    • Keane, P. E.; Simiand, J.; Mendes, E.; Santucci, V.; Morre, M. The Effects of Analogues of Valproic Acid on Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazole and GABA Content in Brain of Mice. Neuropharmacology 1983, 22, 875-879.
    • (1983) Neuropharmacology , vol.22 , pp. 875-879
    • Keane, P.E.1    Simiand, J.2    Mendes, E.3    Santucci, V.4    Morre, M.5
  • 16
    • 0029939450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further Branching of Valproate-Related Carboxylic Acids Reduces the Teratogenic Activity, but not the Anticonvulsant Effect
    • Bojic, U.; Elmazar, M. M. A.; Hauck, R. S.; Nau, H. Further Branching of Valproate-Related Carboxylic Acids Reduces the Teratogenic Activity, but not the Anticonvulsant Effect. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 1996, 9, 866-870.
    • (1996) Chem. Res. Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 866-870
    • Bojic, U.1    Elmazar, M.M.A.2    Hauck, R.S.3    Nau, H.4
  • 17
    • 0023903501 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative Structure-Anticonvulsant Activity Relationships of Valproic Acid, Related Carboxylic Acids and Tetrazoles
    • Abbott, S. F.; Acheampong, A. A. Quantitative Structure-Anticonvulsant Activity Relationships of Valproic Acid, Related Carboxylic Acids and Tetrazoles. Neuropharmacology 1988, 27, 287-294.
    • (1988) Neuropharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 287-294
    • Abbott, S.F.1    Acheampong, A.A.2
  • 18
    • 0025774314 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and Anticonvulsant Activity of Three Monoesteric Prodrugs of Valproic Acid
    • Badir, K.; Haj-Yehia, A.; Vree, B. T.; Van Der Kleijn, E.; Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetics and Anticonvulsant Activity of Three Monoesteric Prodrugs of Valproic Acid. Pharm. Res. 1991, 8, 750-753.
    • (1991) Pharm. Res , vol.8 , pp. 750-753
    • Badir, K.1    Haj-Yehia, A.2    Vree, B.T.3    Van Der Kleijn, E.4    Bialer, M.5
  • 19
    • 0024440860 scopus 로고
    • Structure-Pharmacokinetic Relationships in a Series of Valpromide Derivatives with Antiepileptic Activity
    • Haj-Yehia, A.; Bialer, M. Structure-Pharmacokinetic Relationships in a Series of Valpromide Derivatives with Antiepileptic Activity. Pharm. Res. 1989, 6, 683-689.
    • (1989) Pharm. Res , vol.6 , pp. 683-689
    • Haj-Yehia, A.1    Bialer, M.2
  • 20
    • 0025090893 scopus 로고
    • Structure-Pharmacokinetic Relationships in a Series of Short Fatty Acid Amides that Possess Anticonvulsant Activity
    • Haj-Yehia, A.; Bialer, M. Structure-Pharmacokinetic Relationships in a Series of Short Fatty Acid Amides that Possess Anticonvulsant Activity. J. Pharm. Sci. 1990, 79, 719-724.
    • (1990) J. Pharm. Sci , vol.79 , pp. 719-724
    • Haj-Yehia, A.1    Bialer, M.2
  • 21
    • 0033989853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Valproate Derivatives I. Antiepileptic Efficacy of Amides, Structural Analogues and Esters
    • Redecker, C.; Altrup, U.; Hoppe, D.; Dusing, R.; Speckmann, E.-J. Effects of Valproate Derivatives I. Antiepileptic Efficacy of Amides, Structural Analogues and Esters. Neuropharmacology 2000, 39, 254-266.
    • (2000) Neuropharmacology , vol.39 , pp. 254-266
    • Redecker, C.1    Altrup, U.2    Hoppe, D.3    Dusing, R.4    Speckmann, E.-J.5
  • 22
    • 0026015881 scopus 로고
    • Clinical Pharmacology of Valpromide
    • Bialer, M. Clinical Pharmacology of Valpromide. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1991, 20, 114-122.
    • (1991) Clin. Pharmacokinet , vol.20 , pp. 114-122
    • Bialer, M.1
  • 23
    • 0029020746 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Antiepileptic Activity of N-Valproyl Derivatives of GABA and Glycine
    • Hadad, S.; Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Antiepileptic Activity of N-Valproyl Derivatives of GABA and Glycine. Pharm. Res. 1995, 12, 905-910.
    • (1995) Pharm. Res , vol.12 , pp. 905-910
    • Hadad, S.1    Bialer, M.2
  • 25
    • 0042125466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationship of (2S, 3S)-Valnoctamide and its Stereoisomer (2R, 3S)-Valnoctamide in Rodent Models of Epilepsy
    • Isoherranen, N.; White, S. H.; Klein, B. D.; Roeder, M.; Woodhead, J. H.; Schuring, V.; Yagen, B.; Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationship of (2S, 3S)-Valnoctamide and its Stereoisomer (2R, 3S)-Valnoctamide in Rodent Models of Epilepsy. Pharm. Res. 2003, 20, 1293-1301.
    • (2003) Pharm. Res , vol.20 , pp. 1293-1301
    • Isoherranen, N.1    White, S.H.2    Klein, B.D.3    Roeder, M.4    Woodhead, J.H.5    Schuring, V.6    Yagen, B.7    Bialer, M.8
  • 26
    • 0012677096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Propylisopropylacetamide, a CNS-Active Chiral Amide Analog of Valproic Acid
    • Spiegelstein, O.; Yagen, B.; Levy, R. H.; Finnell, R. H.; Bennett, G. D.; Roeder, M.; Schuring, V.; Bialer, M. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Propylisopropylacetamide, a CNS-Active Chiral Amide Analog of Valproic Acid. Pharm. Res. 1999, 16, 1582-1588.
    • (1999) Pharm. Res , vol.16 , pp. 1582-1588
    • Spiegelstein, O.1    Yagen, B.2    Levy, R.H.3    Finnell, R.H.4    Bennett, G.D.5    Roeder, M.6    Schuring, V.7    Bialer, M.8
  • 27
    • 37049039193 scopus 로고
    • The Spectrum of Action of Valnoctamide in Daily Psychiatric Practice
    • Davidou, P. The Spectrum of Action of Valnoctamide in Daily Psychiatric Practice. Toulouse Med. 1964, 65, 1127-1158.
    • (1964) Toulouse Med , vol.65 , pp. 1127-1158
    • Davidou, P.1
  • 28
    • 33745271683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valnoctamide as Valproate Substitute with Low Teratogenic Potential: Double Blind Controlled Clinical Trial
    • Applebaum, J.; Gayduk, J.; Agam, G.; Bersudsky, Y.; Belmaker, R. H. Valnoctamide as Valproate Substitute with Low Teratogenic Potential: Double Blind Controlled Clinical Trial. Bipolar Disorder 2005, 7 (Suppl. 2), 30 http//www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00140179.
    • (2005) Bipolar Disorder , vol.7 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 30
    • Applebaum, J.1    Gayduk, J.2    Agam, G.3    Bersudsky, Y.4    Belmaker, R.H.5
  • 29
    • 0030907689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Valnoctamide in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Epilepsy
    • Barel, S.; Yagen, B.; Schurig, V.; Soback, S.; Pisani, F.; Perucca, E.; Bialer, M. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Valnoctamide in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Epilepsy. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1997, 61, 442-449.
    • (1997) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.61 , pp. 442-449
    • Barel, S.1    Yagen, B.2    Schurig, V.3    Soback, S.4    Pisani, F.5    Perucca, E.6    Bialer, M.7
  • 30
    • 0031004264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and Antiepileptic Activity of Valproyl Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives
    • Levi, M.; Yagen, B.; Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetics and Antiepileptic Activity of Valproyl Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives. Pharm. Res. 1997, 14, 213-217.
    • (1997) Pharm. Res , vol.14 , pp. 213-217
    • Levi, M.1    Yagen, B.2    Bialer, M.3
  • 31
    • 0030819103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Antiepileptic Activity of Two New Isomers of N-Valproyl Glycinamide
    • Hadad, S.; Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Antiepileptic Activity of Two New Isomers of N-Valproyl Glycinamide. Biopharm. Drug Disposit. 1997, 18, 557-566.
    • (1997) Biopharm. Drug Disposit , vol.18 , pp. 557-566
    • Hadad, S.1    Bialer, M.2
  • 32
    • 0034844676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant Profile of Valrocemide (TV1901): A New Antiepileptic Drug
    • Isoherranen, N.; Woodhead, H. J.; White, H. S.; Bialer, M. Anticonvulsant Profile of Valrocemide (TV1901): A New Antiepileptic Drug. Epilepsia 2001, 42, 831-836.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 831-836
    • Isoherranen, N.1    Woodhead, H.J.2    White, H.S.3    Bialer, M.4
  • 33
    • 33846194013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bialer, M.; Johannessen, S. I.; Kupferberg, H. J.; Levy, R. H.; Perucca, E.; Tomson, T. Progress Report on New Antiepileptic Drugs: A Summary of the Eighth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs (EILAT VIII). Epilepsy Res. 2007, 73, 1-52.
    • Bialer, M.; Johannessen, S. I.; Kupferberg, H. J.; Levy, R. H.; Perucca, E.; Tomson, T. Progress Report on New Antiepileptic Drugs: A Summary of the Eighth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs (EILAT VIII). Epilepsy Res. 2007, 73, 1-52.
  • 36
    • 27744565911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of Antiepileptic Tetramethylcyclopropyl Analogues of Valproic Acid Amides in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain
    • Winkler, I.; Sobol, E.; Yagen, B.; Steinmman, A.; Devor, M; Bialer, M. Efficacy of Antiepileptic Tetramethylcyclopropyl Analogues of Valproic Acid Amides in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Neuropharmacology 2005, 49, 1110-1120.
    • (2005) Neuropharmacology , vol.49 , pp. 1110-1120
    • Winkler, I.1    Sobol, E.2    Yagen, B.3    Steinmman, A.4    Devor, M.5    Bialer, M.6
  • 37
    • 3843141802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetramethylcyclopropyl Analogue of a Leading Antiepileptic Drug, Valproic Acid. Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of its Amide Derivatives
    • Sobol, E.; Bialer, M.; Yagen, B. Tetramethylcyclopropyl Analogue of a Leading Antiepileptic Drug, Valproic Acid. Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of its Amide Derivatives. J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 4316-4326.
    • (2004) J. Med. Chem , vol.47 , pp. 4316-4326
    • Sobol, E.1    Bialer, M.2    Yagen, B.3
  • 38
    • 33747826028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sobol, E.; Yagen, B.; White, H. S.; Wilcox, K. S.; Lamb, J. G.; Pappo, O.; Wlodarczyk, B. J.; Finnell, R. H.; Bialer, M. Preclinical Evaluation of 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylcyclopropanecarbonylurea, a Novel, Second Generation to Valproic Acid, Antiepileptic Drug. Neuropharmacology 2006, 51, 933-946.
    • Sobol, E.; Yagen, B.; White, H. S.; Wilcox, K. S.; Lamb, J. G.; Pappo, O.; Wlodarczyk, B. J.; Finnell, R. H.; Bialer, M. Preclinical Evaluation of 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylcyclopropanecarbonylurea, a Novel, Second Generation to Valproic Acid, Antiepileptic Drug. Neuropharmacology 2006, 51, 933-946.
  • 40
    • 0001429350 scopus 로고
    • α Anions of Carboxylic Acids. II. The Formation and Alkylation of α-Metalated Aliphatic Acids
    • Pfeffer, P. E.; Silbert, L. S.; Chirinko, J. M., Jr. α Anions of Carboxylic Acids. II. The Formation and Alkylation of α-Metalated Aliphatic Acids. J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 451-458.
    • (1972) J. Org. Chem , vol.37 , pp. 451-458
    • Pfeffer, P.E.1    Silbert, L.S.2    Chirinko Jr, J.M.3
  • 42
    • 0032832441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enantioselective Synthesis and Teratogenicity of Propylisopropyl Acetamide, a CNS-Active Chiral Amide Analogue of Valproic Acid
    • Spiegelstein, O.; Bialer, M.; Radatz, M.; Nau, H.; Yagen, B. Enantioselective Synthesis and Teratogenicity of Propylisopropyl Acetamide, a CNS-Active Chiral Amide Analogue of Valproic Acid. Chirality 1999, 11, 645-650.
    • (1999) Chirality , vol.11 , pp. 645-650
    • Spiegelstein, O.1    Bialer, M.2    Radatz, M.3    Nau, H.4    Yagen, B.5
  • 43
    • 0014789168 scopus 로고
    • Double-Blind Evaluation of Capuride (Pacinox®) as Presurgical Aid to Sleep
    • Katz, J.; Finestone, S. C.; Peppas, M. T.; Fine, J. A Double-Blind Evaluation of Capuride (Pacinox®) as Presurgical Aid to Sleep. Curr. Ther. Res. 1970, 12, 255-260.
    • (1970) Curr. Ther. Res , vol.12 , pp. 255-260
    • Katz, J.1    Finestone, S.C.2    Peppas, M.T.3    Fine, J.A.4
  • 44
    • 0014992218 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative EEG Analysis of Single-Dose Effect Relationships in Normal Volunteers of Pacinox (Capuride), a New Antianxiety Drug
    • Goldstein, L; Pfeiffer, C. C. Quantitative EEG Analysis of Single-Dose Effect Relationships in Normal Volunteers of Pacinox (Capuride), a New Antianxiety Drug. Biol. Pyschiatry 1971, 3, 165-171.
    • (1971) Biol. Pyschiatry , vol.3 , pp. 165-171
    • Goldstein, L.1    Pfeiffer, C.C.2
  • 45
    • 0015332892 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and Excretion of a Monoureide Hypnotic, Capuride
    • Johnson, P. C.; Cressman, W. A.; Driscoll, B. S. Absorption and Excretion of a Monoureide Hypnotic, Capuride. Clin. Phrmacol. Ther. 1972, 13, 377-379.
    • (1972) Clin. Phrmacol. Ther , vol.13 , pp. 377-379
    • Johnson, P.C.1    Cressman, W.A.2    Driscoll, B.S.3
  • 46
    • 0038359607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous Determination of Bromvalerylurea and Allylisopropylacetylurea in Human Blood and Urine by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
    • Kudo, K.; Kiyoshima, A.; Ohtsuka, Y.; Ikeda, N. Simultaneous Determination of Bromvalerylurea and Allylisopropylacetylurea in Human Blood and Urine by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr., B: Biomed. Sci. Appl. 2003, 791, 171-177.
    • (2003) J. Chromatogr., B: Biomed. Sci. Appl , vol.791 , pp. 171-177
    • Kudo, K.1    Kiyoshima, A.2    Ohtsuka, Y.3    Ikeda, N.4
  • 47
    • 0027410987 scopus 로고
    • Profile of UCB L059, a Novel Anticonvulsant Drug, in Models of Partial and Generalized Epilepsy in Mice and Rats
    • Loscher, W.; Honack, D. Profile of UCB L059, a Novel Anticonvulsant Drug, in Models of Partial and Generalized Epilepsy in Mice and Rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1993, 232, 147-158.
    • (1993) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.232 , pp. 147-158
    • Loscher, W.1    Honack, D.2
  • 48
    • 0035652290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological Characterization of the 6 Hz Psychomotor Seizure Model of Partial Epilepsy
    • Barton, M. E.; Kleijn, B. D.; Wolf, H. H.; White, H. S. Pharmacological Characterization of the 6 Hz Psychomotor Seizure Model of Partial Epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001, 47, 217-227.
    • (2001) Epilepsy Res , vol.47 , pp. 217-227
    • Barton, M.E.1    Kleijn, B.D.2    Wolf, H.H.3    White, H.S.4
  • 49
    • 0010009818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and Preclinical Development of Antiepileptic Drugs
    • 5th ed, Levy, R. H, Mattson, R. H, Meldrum, B. S, Perucca, E, Eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers: New York
    • White, H. S.; Woodhead, J. H.; Wilcox, K. S.; Stables, J. P.; Kupferberg, H. J.; Wolf, H. H. Discovery and Preclinical Development of Antiepileptic Drugs. In Antiepileptic Drugs, 5th ed.; Levy, R. H., Mattson, R. H., Meldrum, B. S., Perucca, E., Eds.; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers: New York, 2002; pp 36-48.
    • (2002) Antiepileptic Drugs , pp. 36-48
    • White, H.S.1    Woodhead, J.H.2    Wilcox, K.S.3    Stables, J.P.4    Kupferberg, H.J.5    Wolf, H.H.6
  • 51
    • 0025894063 scopus 로고
    • Stereoselectivity in Pharmacokinetics: A General Theory
    • Levy, R. H.; Boddy, A. V. Stereoselectivity in Pharmacokinetics: A General Theory. Pharm. Res. 1991, 8, 551-556.
    • (1991) Pharm. Res , vol.8 , pp. 551-556
    • Levy, R.H.1    Boddy, A.V.2
  • 52
    • 0033398955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SV2A and SV2B Function as Redundant Ca2+ Regulators in Neurotransmitter Release
    • Janz, R.; Goda, Y.; Geppert, M.; Missler, M.; Sudhof, T. C. SV2A and SV2B Function as Redundant Ca2+ Regulators in Neurotransmitter Release. Neuron 1999, 24, 1003-1016.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.24 , pp. 1003-1016
    • Janz, R.1    Goda, Y.2    Geppert, M.3    Missler, M.4    Sudhof, T.C.5
  • 53
    • 0031912815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valpromide and Valnoctic Acid are Much Less Teratogenic in Mice than Valproic Acid
    • Radatz, M.; Ehlers, K.; Yagen, B.; Bialer, M.; Nau, H. Valnoctamide, Valpromide and Valnoctic Acid are Much Less Teratogenic in Mice than Valproic Acid. Epilepsy Res. 1998, 30, 41-48.
    • (1998) Epilepsy Res , vol.30 , pp. 41-48
    • Radatz, M.1    Ehlers, K.2    Yagen, B.3    Bialer, M.4    Nau5    Valnoctamide, H.6
  • 55
    • 17644380257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting Drug Disposition via Application on BCS: Transpoit/Absorption/Elimintaion Interplay and Development of a Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System
    • Wu, C. Y.; Benet, L. Z. Predicting Drug Disposition via Application on BCS: Transpoit/Absorption/Elimintaion Interplay and Development of a Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System. Pharm. Res. 2005, 22, 11-23.
    • (2005) Pharm. Res , vol.22 , pp. 11-23
    • Wu, C.Y.1    Benet, L.Z.2
  • 56
    • 0004116672 scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge U.K
    • Finney, D. J. Probit Analysis, 3rd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge U.K., 1971.
    • (1971) Probit Analysis
    • Finney, D.J.1
  • 57
    • 0023691642 scopus 로고
    • Common Hierarchies of Susceptibility to the Induction of Neural Tube Defects by Valproic Acid and its 4-Propyl-4-Pentenoic Acid Metabolite
    • Finnell, R. H.; Bennett, G. D.; Karras, S. B.; Mohl, V. K. Common Hierarchies of Susceptibility to the Induction of Neural Tube Defects by Valproic Acid and its 4-Propyl-4-Pentenoic Acid Metabolite. Teratology 1988, 38, 313-320.
    • (1988) Teratology , vol.38 , pp. 313-320
    • Finnell, R.H.1    Bennett, G.D.2    Karras, S.B.3    Mohl, V.K.4
  • 58
    • 0030434075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproic Acid-Induced Changes in Gene Expression During Neurulation in a Mouse Model
    • Wlodarczyk, B. C.; Craig, J. C.; Bennett, G. D.; Calvin, J. A.; Finnell, R. H. Valproic Acid-Induced Changes in Gene Expression During Neurulation in a Mouse Model. Teratology 1996, 45, 284-297.
    • (1996) Teratology , vol.45 , pp. 284-297
    • Wlodarczyk, B.C.1    Craig, J.C.2    Bennett, G.D.3    Calvin, J.A.4    Finnell, R.H.5
  • 59
    • 0032863679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic Considerations in the Design of Better and Safer New Antiepileptic Drugs
    • Bialer, M. Pharmacokinetic Considerations in the Design of Better and Safer New Antiepileptic Drugs. J. Controlled Release 1999, 62, 187-19.
    • (1999) J. Controlled Release , vol.62 , pp. 187-119
    • Bialer, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.