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Volumn 129, Issue 39, 2007, Pages 11987-12002

Correction to: Total synthesis of (-)-Sarain A (Journal of the American Chemical Society (2007) 129 (11987-12002) DOI: 10.1021/ja074300t);Total synthesis of (-)-sarain A

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINES; CARBON; COMPLEXATION; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 34848889283     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: 15205126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03357     Document Type: Erratum
Times cited : (96)

References (143)
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    • Although referred to as sarains A-C in an initial publication,2b these alkaloids were called saraines A-C in later publications from the Cimino group. These alkaloids have most commonly been termed sarain in the literature
    • 2b these alkaloids were called "saraines A-C" in later publications from the Cimino group. These alkaloids have most commonly been termed "sarain" in the literature.
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    • Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) reference code for diacetate 4: SAZRAM.
    • Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) reference code for diacetate 4: SAZRAM.
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    • Chromatographic purifications of sarains A-C were described as seldom being reproducible, possibly because of the zwitterionic character of these natural products; see reference 2b.
    • Chromatographic purifications of sarains A-C were described as seldom being reproducible, possibly because of the zwitterionic character of these natural products; see reference 2b.
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    • Since the isolation of sarains A-C, another alkaloid that displays a tertiary amine-aldehyde proximity interaction was isolated; see
    • Since the isolation of sarains A-C, another alkaloid that displays a tertiary amine-aldehyde proximity interaction was isolated; see: Guo, Y.; Trivellone, E.; Scognamiglio, G.; Cimino, G. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 541-550.
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    • For sarain-1, see: reference 2a. For keramaphidin B, see: (a) Kobayashi, J.; Tsuda, M.; Kawasaki, N.; Matsumoto, K.; Adachi, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 4383-4386.
    • For sarain-1, see: reference 2a. For keramaphidin B, see: (a) Kobayashi, J.; Tsuda, M.; Kawasaki, N.; Matsumoto, K.; Adachi, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 4383-4386.
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    • For an excellent review of N-sulfonyliminium ion chemistry, see: Weinreb, S. M. In Topics in Current Chemistry; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1997; Vol. 190, pp 131-184.
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    • Oxazoline 16 was prepared by reaction of methyl N-benzoyl-(L)-threoninate with thionyl chloride; see: Elliot, D. F. J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 62-68.
    • Oxazoline 16 was prepared by reaction of methyl N-benzoyl-(L)-threoninate with thionyl chloride; see: Elliot, D. F. J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 62-68.
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    • Molecular mechanics calculations (MMFF) were performed using Spartan '02; Copyright 1991-2001; Wavefunction Inc.: Irvine, CA.
    • (a) Molecular mechanics calculations (MMFF) were performed using Spartan '02; Copyright 1991-2001; Wavefunction Inc.: Irvine, CA.
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    • cis-fused lactone 29 was calculated to be more stable than its trans-fused counterpart by 6.4 kcal/mol.
    • (b) cis-fused lactone 29 was calculated to be more stable than its trans-fused counterpart by 6.4 kcal/mol.
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    • Prior to the use of sulfonamide 32, we explored the use of triazinone- and phthalamido-containing enoates. Although these species were competent in the Michael addition chemistry, neither the triazinone or phthalamido groups were chemically inert in later transformations.
    • Prior to the use of sulfonamide 32, we explored the use of triazinone- and phthalamido-containing enoates. Although these species were competent in the Michael addition chemistry, neither the triazinone or phthalamido groups were chemically inert in later transformations.
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    • Satio, S.; Komada, L.; Moriwake, T. Organic Syntheses; Wiley: New York, 1998; Collect. Vol. IX, p 200.
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    • For a comprehensive review of the chemistry of oxazolines, see: Gant, T. G.; Meyers, A. I. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 2297-2360.
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    • Attempts to directly alkylate ester 37 were unsuccessful, as were attempts to trap the intermediate lithium enolate from the Michael reaction of (+)-36 and 32.
    • Attempts to directly alkylate ester 37 were unsuccessful, as were attempts to trap the intermediate lithium enolate from the Michael reaction of (+)-36 and 32.
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    • Attempts to cyclize the corresponding TES derivative of 48 led either to no reaction or substantial non-specific decomposition.
    • Attempts to cyclize the corresponding TES derivative of 48 led either to no reaction or substantial non-specific decomposition.
  • 71
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    • Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) reference code for aldehyde 50: GOCZON.
    • Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) reference code for aldehyde 50: GOCZON.
  • 72
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    • See Supporting Information for details
    • See Supporting Information for details.
  • 74
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    • Attempts to prepare the corresponding TMS or TBS enoxysilanes gave low yields of contaminated products, which performed poorly in the subsequent iminium ion cyclization
    • Attempts to prepare the corresponding TMS or TBS enoxysilanes gave low yields of contaminated products, which performed poorly in the subsequent iminium ion cyclization.
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    • 1H NOESY experiments.
    • 1H NOESY experiments.
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    • For reviews on RCM reactions in alkaloid synthesis: (a) Deiters, A.; Martin, S. F. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 2199-2238.
    • For reviews on RCM reactions in alkaloid synthesis: (a) Deiters, A.; Martin, S. F. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 2199-2238.
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    • The earlier alkylation strategy was briefly pursued where n = 4; however, selective hydroboration of diene 85 proved difficult.
    • The earlier alkylation strategy was briefly pursued where n = 4; however, selective hydroboration of diene 85 proved difficult.
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    • In some instances, product 87 was isolated with a minor contaminant, which arose from cleavage of the Boc group of 92. By reacting this crude mixture of products with triphosgene, it was possible to funnel the material to tetracycle 87.
    • In some instances, product 87 was isolated with a minor contaminant, which arose from cleavage of the Boc group of 92. By reacting this crude mixture of products with triphosgene, it was possible to funnel the material to tetracycle 87.
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    • For pertinent reviews, see: a
    • For pertinent reviews, see: (a) Hickmott, P. W. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3363-3446.
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    • p-Toluenesulfonamides can be deprotonated at the methyl group by bases as weak as LDA. For a discussion, see: MacNeil, S. L.; Familoni, O. B.; Snieckus, V. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 3662-3670.
    • p-Toluenesulfonamides can be deprotonated at the methyl group by bases as weak as LDA. For a discussion, see: MacNeil, S. L.; Familoni, O. B.; Snieckus, V. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 3662-3670.
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    • On the basis of Weinreb's RCM studies on related compounds, a 5-carbon C3 substituent was thought to be suitable; see reference 15c.
    • On the basis of Weinreb's RCM studies on related compounds, a 5-carbon C3 substituent was thought to be suitable; see reference 15c.
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    • Direct synthesis of enoxysilanes through a Wittig reaction remains an unsolved problem in organic synthesis. For a pertinent discussion, see: (a) Kluge, A. F, Cloudsdale, I. S. J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 4847-4852
    • Direct synthesis of enoxysilanes through a Wittig reaction remains an unsolved problem in organic synthesis. For a pertinent discussion, see: (a) Kluge, A. F.; Cloudsdale, I. S. J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 4847-4852.
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    • For a review regarding one-carbon homologations of ketones, see: b
    • For a review regarding one-carbon homologations of ketones, see: (b) Badham, N. F. Tetrahedron 2004, 60, 11-42.
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    • Reaction of the corresponding TMSE enol ether of 104 (see Scheme 20) under the identical conditions also led to the formation of aldehyde 105, albeit only in 55% yield.
    • Reaction of the corresponding TMSE enol ether of 104 (see Scheme 20) under the identical conditions also led to the formation of aldehyde 105, albeit only in 55% yield.
  • 94
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    • Epimer 109 was calculated to be approximately 7.6 kcal/mol higher in energy than the desired product 108; see Scheme 10.
    • Epimer 109 was calculated to be approximately 7.6 kcal/mol higher in energy than the desired product 108; see Scheme 10.
  • 95
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    • The isolation of N,O-acetal 113 is somewhat dependent on reactions times and quenching methods.
    • The isolation of N,O-acetal 113 is somewhat dependent on reactions times and quenching methods.
  • 99
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    • It is plausible that enol ether isomerization occurs by protonation of the enoxysilane, followed by rapid deprotonation. The proton source is presumed to be a pyridinium salt of the 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine buffer, which would form in the presence of adventitious HCl.
    • It is plausible that enol ether isomerization occurs by protonation of the enoxysilane, followed by rapid deprotonation. The proton source is presumed to be a pyridinium salt of the 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine buffer, which would form in the presence of adventitious HCl.
  • 109
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    • AcOH is required for catalyst turnover; it is thought that AcOH protonates the tertiary amine, thereby preventing catalyst deactivation that would occur otherwise
    • AcOH is required for catalyst turnover; it is thought that AcOH protonates the tertiary amine, thereby preventing catalyst deactivation that would occur otherwise.
  • 110
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    • The mixture of monomelic and dimeric products obtained from use of Grubbs' 2nd generation catalyst is believed to reflect a thermodynamic distribution of products, because individually subjecting either monomer 119 or dimer 120 to the identical reaction conditions led to similar 1:3-4 ratio of the monomelic and dimeric adducts.
    • The mixture of monomelic and dimeric products obtained from use of Grubbs' 2nd generation catalyst is believed to reflect a thermodynamic distribution of products, because individually subjecting either monomer 119 or dimer 120 to the identical reaction conditions led to similar 1:3-4 ratio of the monomelic and dimeric adducts.
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    • Oxazinanone could be thermodynamically preferred to the corresponding oxazolidinone; see: b
    • Oxazinanone could be thermodynamically preferred to the corresponding oxazolidinone; see: (b) Sadybakasov, B. K.; Ashirmatov, M. A.; Afanas'ev, V. A.; Yu. Struchkov, T. Zh. Strukt. Khim. 1989, 30, 645-650.
    • (1989) Zh. Strukt. Khim , vol.30 , pp. 645-650
    • Sadybakasov, B.K.1    Ashirmatov, M.A.2    Afanas'ev, V.A.3    Yu4    Struchkov, T.5
  • 115
  • 117
  • 119
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    • For a recent review, see
    • For a recent review, see: Chinchilla, R.; Najera, C. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 874-922.
    • (2007) Chem. Rev , vol.107 , pp. 874-922
    • Chinchilla, R.1    Najera, C.2
  • 120
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    • 1H NOESY experiments.
    • 1H NOESY experiments.
  • 121
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    • In the presence of AcOH, sarain A (1) does not undergo the analogous skeletal rearrangement
    • In the presence of AcOH, sarain A (1) does not undergo the analogous skeletal rearrangement.
  • 122
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    • N1-type conditions, (a) For an aziridinium ion that was generated by trapping of a secondary carbocation formed by Prins cyclization, see: Graham, M. A.; Wadsworth, A. H.; Thorton-Pett, M.; Rayner, C. M. Chem. Commun. 2001, 966-967.
    • N1-type conditions, (a) For an aziridinium ion that was generated by trapping of a secondary carbocation formed by Prins cyclization, see: Graham, M. A.; Wadsworth, A. H.; Thorton-Pett, M.; Rayner, C. M. Chem. Commun. 2001, 966-967.
  • 123
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    • For an aziridium ion that was formed by trapping of a quinone methide intermediate, see
    • (b) For an aziridium ion that was formed by trapping of a quinone methide intermediate, see: Shamma, M.; Nugent, J. F. Tetrahedron 1973, 29, 1265-1272.
    • (1973) Tetrahedron , vol.29 , pp. 1265-1272
    • Shamma, M.1    Nugent, J.F.2
  • 124
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    • Fragmentation of protonated 1,2-ethylenediamine to an aziridinium ion has been observed in the gas phase; see: Bouchoux, G.; Choret, N.; Penaud-Berruyer, P.; Flammang, R. J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 9166-9177.
    • (a) Fragmentation of protonated 1,2-ethylenediamine to an aziridinium ion has been observed in the gas phase; see: Bouchoux, G.; Choret, N.; Penaud-Berruyer, P.; Flammang, R. J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 9166-9177.
  • 125
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    • N,N′-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine exchanges methyl groups slowly in water in the presence of acid; see: Callahan, B. P.; Wolfenden, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 310-311.
    • (b) N,N′-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine exchanges methyl groups slowly in water in the presence of acid; see: Callahan, B. P.; Wolfenden, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 310-311.
  • 126
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    • Oxidation in the presence of basic amines is not straightforward and often requires substantial experimentation before suitable conditions are discovered. Several oxidation procedures commonly employed in our studies are as follows. For a review of IBX oxidations, see: (a) Tohma, H, Kita, Y. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 111-124
    • Oxidation in the presence of basic amines is not straightforward and often requires substantial experimentation before suitable conditions are discovered. Several oxidation procedures commonly employed in our studies are as follows. For a review of IBX oxidations, see: (a) Tohma, H.; Kita, Y. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 111-124.
  • 127
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    • For a relevant example involving Swern oxidation, see: b
    • For a relevant example involving Swern oxidation, see: (b) Ashley, E. R.; Cruz, E. G.; Stoltz, B. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 15000-15001.
    • (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.125 , pp. 15000-15001
    • Ashley, E.R.1    Cruz, E.G.2    Stoltz, B.M.3
  • 129
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    • For Parikh-Doering oxidation, see: (d) Parikh, J. R.; Doering, W. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 5505-5507. See also references 39 and 51a for Dess-Martin and TPAP/NMO oxidations, respectively.
    • For Parikh-Doering oxidation, see: (d) Parikh, J. R.; Doering, W. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 5505-5507. See also references 39 and 51a for Dess-Martin and TPAP/NMO oxidations, respectively.
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    • 2. For the preparation of this lithium reagent, see: D. Seyferth, S. C. Vick, J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 144, 1-12.
    • 2. For the preparation of this lithium reagent, see: D. Seyferth, S. C. Vick, J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 144, 1-12.
  • 131
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    • In addition to skeletal rearrangement and loss of iodide, we have also observed fragmentation of the pyrrolidine ring e.g, forming i, presumably through a β-elimination pathway, Chemical Equation Presented
    • In addition to skeletal rearrangement and loss of iodide, we have also observed fragmentation of the pyrrolidine ring (e.g., forming i), presumably through a β-elimination pathway. (Chemical Equation Presented)
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    • For a pertinent review, see: Reetz, M. T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 462-468.
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  • 134
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    • Attempts to achieve sequential deprotection of the primary triethylsilyl ether and oxidation by use of Swern oxidation conditions were unsuccessful; for this procedure, see: Rodriguez, A, Nomen, M, Spur, B. W, Godfroid, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5161-5164
    • Attempts to achieve sequential deprotection of the primary triethylsilyl ether and oxidation by use of Swern oxidation conditions were unsuccessful; for this procedure, see: Rodriguez, A.; Nomen, M.; Spur, B. W.; Godfroid, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5161-5164.
  • 136
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    • For the use of LiCl in Stille couplings, see
    • For the use of LiCl in Stille couplings, see: Amator, C.; Jutand, A.; Suarez, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 9531-9541.
    • (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.115 , pp. 9531-9541
    • Amator, C.1    Jutand, A.2    Suarez, A.3
  • 137
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    • Notably, the C8′ epimer of substrate 145 fails to cyclize under the identical reaction conditions.
    • Notably, the C8′ epimer of substrate 145 fails to cyclize under the identical reaction conditions.
  • 138
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    • The proximal tertiary amine could intercept an activated alcohol derivative prior to oxidation to afford quaternary ammonium salt ii. We postulate that this ammonium salt formed during attempted Swern oxidation of alcohol 147, Chemical Equation Presented
    • The proximal tertiary amine could intercept an activated alcohol derivative prior to oxidation to afford quaternary ammonium salt ii. We postulate that this ammonium salt formed during attempted Swern oxidation of alcohol 147. (Chemical Equation Presented)
  • 139
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    • Dess-Martin periodinane was freshly prepared using Schreiber's procedure; see
    • Dess-Martin periodinane was freshly prepared using Schreiber's procedure; see: Meyer, S. D.; Schreiber, S. L. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 7549-7552.
    • (1994) J. Org. Chem , vol.59 , pp. 7549-7552
    • Meyer, S.D.1    Schreiber, S.L.2
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    • For the use of TMSI to remove benzylic protecting groups, see
    • For the use of TMSI to remove benzylic protecting groups, see: Jung, M. E.; Lyster, M. A. J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 3761-3764.
    • (1977) J. Org. Chem , vol.42 , pp. 3761-3764
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    • HI addition adducts were detected by ESI-MS
    • HI addition adducts were detected by ESI-MS.
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    • 2D; see reference 2c.
    • 2D; see reference 2c.


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