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γ-Lactone formation from aliphatic carboxylic acids having suitably activated benzyl positions: Jevric, M.; Taylor, D. K.; Greatrex, B. W.; Tiekink, E. R. T. Tetrahedron 2005, 67, 1885.
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Benzylic azidation of phenyl ethers with phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate): Kita, Y.; Tohma, H.; Takada, T.; Mitoh, S.; Fujita, S.; Gyoten, M. Synlett 1994, 427.
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Generation and detection of active iodine(III)-Br species in water by the combination of PIDA or iodosobenzene with KBr, see: (a) Tohma, H.; Takizawa, S.; Maegawa, T.; Kita, Y. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 1306.
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Generation and detection of active iodine(III)-Br species in water by the combination of PIDA or iodosobenzene with KBr, see: (a) Tohma, H.; Takizawa, S.; Maegawa, T.; Kita, Y. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 1306.
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Iodine(III) oxidations in the presence of bromide. LiBr or NaBr: (a) Braddock, D. C; Cansell, G.; Hermitage, S. A. Synlett 2004, 461.
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Ammonium bromide
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In Group 1 alkali metal bromide, yield of 2a decreased in order with KBr > NaBr »LiBr. LiBr induced remarkable bromination at both aromatic and benzyl carbons.
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In Group 1 alkali metal bromide, yield of 2a decreased in order with KBr > NaBr »LiBr. LiBr induced remarkable bromination at both aromatic and benzyl carbons.
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36
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34547959296
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Representative experimental procedure: In a flame-dried two-necked round-bottomed flask, under nitrogen, the iodine(III) reagent 1 (211 mg, 0.6 mmol) was added to a stirred suspension of 4-pheyl butyric acid 2a (82 mg, 0.5 mmol) and KBr (60 mg, 0.5 mmol) in dry CH2Cl2 (5 mL) then the mixture was vigorously stirred for 8 h at 30 °C After checking the reaction completion by TLC, saturated aq NaHCO3 was added to the mixture, which was then stirred for an additional 5 min. The organic layer was separated, washed with saturated aq NaHCO3and dilute aq sodium thiosulfate, and dried over anhydrous Na2SO 4. After removal of the solvents, the residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluents: n-hexane/AcOEt) to give the y-phenyl y-butyrolactone 3a (65 mg, 80, as a white powder. Unreacted 2a 9.8 mg, 12, was recovered from the combined aqueous phase by extraction of dichloro
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4. After removal of the solvents, the residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluents: n-hexane/AcOEt) to give the y-phenyl y-butyrolactone 3a (65 mg, 80%) as a white powder. Unreacted 2a (9.8 mg, 12%) was recovered from the combined aqueous phase by extraction of dichloromethane after acidifying the solution.
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37
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31144470193
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(a) Pohmakotr, M.; Pinsa, A.; Mophuang, T.; Tuchinda, P.; Prabpai, S.; Kongsaeree, P.; Reutrakul, V. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 386.
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(c) Brown, R. C. D.; Bataille, C. J. R.; Bruton, G.; Hinks, J. D.; Swain, N. A. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 6719.
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(e) Yoshida, S.; Ogiku, T.; Ohmizu, H.; Iwasaki, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 1459.
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34547933401
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- and TMSBr produce hypobromite or the bromate(I) complex and molecular bromine, respectively. See, refs 9c-e.
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- and TMSBr produce hypobromite or the bromate(I) complex and molecular bromine, respectively. See, refs 9c-e.
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43
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34547933955
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Isolation of cyclic 1(III)-Br compounds and their use as radical initiators: Amey, R. L.; Martin, J. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 10, 3060.
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Isolation of cyclic 1(III)-Br compounds and their use as radical initiators: Amey, R. L.; Martin, J. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 10, 3060.
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31444434226
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Direct phthalide formation with metal oxidants: (a) Lee, J. M.; Chang, S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 47, 1375 and references cited therein,
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47
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0029153094
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Phthalide formation with hypervalent iodine(III) reagents under UV irradiation was reported with few example of substrates; however, the procedure was not applicable to aliphatic carboxylic acids because of the rapid decarboxylation: (a) Togo, H.; Muraki, T.; Yokoyama, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 7089.
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Phthalide formation with hypervalent iodine(III) reagents under UV irradiation was reported with few example of substrates; however, the procedure was not applicable to aliphatic carboxylic acids because of the rapid decarboxylation: (a) Togo, H.; Muraki, T.; Yokoyama, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 7089.
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