Linking morphological and behavioural defences: Prey fish detect the morphology of conspecifics in the odour signature of their predators

Ethology

Volumn 113, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 733-739

  Chivers, Douglas P ^a   Zhao, Xiaoxia ^a   Ferrari, Maud C O ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIPREDATOR DEFENSE; CYPRINID; DIET; MORPHOLOGY; ODOR; PREDATION RISK; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION;

ANIMALIA; CARASSIUS AURATUS; ESOX LUCIUS;

EID: 34447542629     PISSN: 01791613     EISSN: 14390310     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2006.01385.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Abrahams, M. V. 1995 : The interaction between antipredator behaviour and antipredator morphology: experiments with fathead minnows and brook sticklebacks. Can. J. Zool. 73, 2209 2215.
2. Andersson, J., Johansson, F. Soderlund, T. 2006 : Interactions between predator- and diet-induced phenotypic changes in body shape in crucian carp. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 273, 431 437.
3. Appleton, R. D. Palmer, A. R. 1988 : Water-borne stimuli released by predatory crabs and damaged prey induce more predator-resistant shells in a marine gastropod. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 4387 4391.
4. Beauchamp, P. 1952a : Un facteur de la variabilite chez les Rotiferes du genre Bachionus. C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 234, 573 575.
5. Beauchamp, P. 1952b : Variation chez les Rotiferes du genre Bachinus. C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 235, 1355 1357.
6. Bishop, T. D. Brown J.A. 1992 : Threat-sensitive foraging by larval threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 31, 133 138.
7. Brönmark, C. Miner, J. G. 1992 : Predator-induced phenotypical change in body morphology in crucian carp. Science 258, 1348 1350.
8. Brown, G. E., Rive, A. C., Ferrari, M. C. O. Chivers, D. P. 2006 : The dynamic nature of anti-predator behaviour: prey fish integrate threat-sensitive anti-predator responses within background levels of predation risk. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 61, 9 16.
9. Chivers, D. P., Zhao, X., Brown, G. E., Marchant, T. A. Ferrari, M. C. O. (in press Predator-induced changes in morphology of a prey fish: The effects of food level and temporal frequency of predation risk. Evolutionary Ecology, in press.
10. Chivers, D. P. Mirza, R. S. 2001 : Predator diet cues and the assessment of predation risk by aquatic vertebrates: a review and prospectus. In : Chemical Signals in Vertebrates, Vol. 9 (Marchlewska-Koj, A., Lepri, J. J. Müller-Schwarze, D., eds). Plenum Press, New York, pp. 277 284.
11. Chivers, D. P. Smith, R. J. F. 1998 : Chemical alarm signalling in aquatic predator-prey systems: a review and prospectus. Ecoscience 5, 338 352.
12. Chivers, D. P., Wisenden, B. D. Smith, R. J. F. 1995 : Predation risk influences reproductive behaviour of Iowa darters, Etheostoma exile (Osteichthyes, Percidae). Ethology 99, 278 285.
13. Chivers, D. P., Mirza, R. S., Bryer, P. J. Kiesecker, J. M. 2001 : Threat-sensitive predator avoidance by slimy sculpins: understanding the importance of visual versus chemical information. Can. J. Zool. 79, 867 873.
14. Clark, C. W. Harvell, C. D. 1992 : Inducible defences and the allocation of resources: a minimal model. Am. Nat. 139, 521 539.
15. Edmunds, M. 1974 : Defence in Animals: a Survey of Antipredator Defences. Longman, New York.
16. Ferrari, M. C. O. Chivers, D. P. 2006 : Learning threat-sensitive predator avoidance: how do fathead minnows incorporate conflicting information Anim. Behav. 71, 19 26.
17. Ferrari, M. C. O., Trowell, J. J., Brown, G. E. Chivers, D. P. 2005 : The role of leaning in the development of threat-sensitive predator avoidance in fathead minnows. Anim. Behav. 70, 777 784.
18. Ferrari, M. C. O., Messier, F. Chivers, D. P. 2006 : The nose knows: minnows determine predator proximity and density through detection of predator odours. Anim. Behav. 72, 927 932.
19. Grant, J. W. Bayly, I. A. E. 1981 : Predator induction of crests in morphs of the Daphnia carinata King complex. Limn. Ocean. 26, 201 218.
20. Harvell, C. D. 1990 : The ecology and evolution of inducible defences. Q. Rev. Biol. 65, 323 340.
21. Helfman, G. S. 1989 : Threat-sensitive predator avoidance in damselfish-trumpetfish interactions. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 24, 47 58.
22. Hershey, A. E. Dodson, S. I. 1987 : Predator avoidance by Cricotopus: cyclomorphosis and the importance of being big and hairy. Ecology 68, 913 920.
23. Hoverman, J. T., Auld, J. R. Relya, R. A. 2005 : Putting prey back together again: integrating predator-induced behaviour, morphology and life history. Oecologia 144, 481 491.
24. Johansson, F. 2002 : Reaction norms and production costs of predator-induced morphological defences in a larval dragonfly (Leucorrhinia dubia: Odonata). Can. J. Zool. 80, 944 950.
25. Johansson, F. Samuelsson, L. 1994 : Fish induced variation in abdominal spine length of Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae Oecologia 100, 74 79.
26. Kats, L. B. Dill, L. M. 1998 : The scent of death: chemosensory assessment of predation risk by prey animals. Ecoscience 5, 361 394.
27. Kuhlman, H. W. Heckmann, K. 1985 : Interspecific morphogens regulating prey-predator relationships in protozoans. Science 227, 1347 1349.
28. Kusch, J. 1993 : Behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates induced by the predator Amoeba proteus. Oecologia 96, 354 359.
29. Kusch, R. C., Mirza, R. S. Chivers, D. P. 2004 : Making sense of the predator scents: investigating the sophistication of predator assessment abilities of fathead minnows. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 55, 551 555.
30. Laforsch, C. 2004 : Inducible defences in multipredator environments: cyclomorphosis in Daphnia cucullata. Ecology 85, 2302 2311.
31. Lima, S. L. 1998 : Stress and decision making under the risk of predation: recent developments from behavioral, reproductive, and ecological perspectives. Adv. Study Behav. Stress Behav. 27, 215 290.
32. Lima, S. L. Dill, L. M. 1990 : Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68, 619 640.
33. Mathis, A. Smith, R. J. F. 1993a : Chemical labelling of northern pike (Esox lucius) by the alarm pheromone of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). J. Chem. Ecol. 19, 1967 1979.
34. Mathis, A. Smith, R. J. F. 1993b : Fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, learn to recognize northern pike, Esox lucius, as predators on the basis of chemical stimuli from minnows in the pike's diet. Anim. Behav. 46, 645 656.
35. McCollum, S. A. Van Buskirk, J. 1996 : Costs and benefits of a predator-induced polyphenism in the gray treefrog Hyla chrysoscelis. Evolution 50, 583 593.
36. Mirza, R. S., Scott, J. J. Chivers, D. P. 2001 : Differential responses of male and female red swordtails to chemical alarm cues. J. Fish Biol. 59, 716 728.
37. Nilsson, P. A., Brönmark, C. Pettersson, L. B. 1995 : Benefits of a predator-induced morphology in crucian carp. Oecologia 104, 291 296.
38. Pettersson, L. B. Brönmark, C. 1997 : Density-dependent costs of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp. Ecology 78, 1805 1815.
39. Pettersson, L. B. Brönmark, C. 1999 : Energetic consequences of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp. Oecologia 121, 12 18.
40. Relyea, R. A. 2002 : Local population differences in phenotypic plasticity: predator-induced changes in wood frog tadpoles. Ecol. Monogr. 72, 77 93.
41. Relyea, R. A. 2004 : Fine-tuned phenotypes: tadpole plasticity under 16 combinations of predators and competitors. Ecology 85, 172 179.
42. Schoeppner, N. M. Relyea, R. A. 2005 : Damage, digestion, and defence: the role of alarm cues and kairomones for inducing prey defences. Ecol. Lett. 8, 505 512.
43. Stabell, O. B. Lwin, M. S. 1997 : Predator-induced phenotypic changes in crucian carp are caused by chemical signals from conspecifics. Environ. Biol. Fish. 49, 145 149.
44. Stemberger, R. S. Gilbert, J. J. 1984 : Spine development in the rotifer Keratella cochlearis: induction by cyclopoid copepods and Asplanchna. Freshw. Biol. 14, 639 647.
45. Van Buskirk, J. Relyea, R. A. 1998 : Selection for phenotypic plasticity in Rana sylvatica tadpoles. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 65, 301 328.
46. Wiackowski, K., Fyda, J., Pajdak-Stos, A. Adamus, K. 2003 : Predator-induced morphological defence in ciliates: interclonal variation for sensitivity to the inducing factor. Oikos 100, 534 540.
47. Wisenden, B. D. Chivers, D. P. 2006 : The role of public chemical information in antipredator behaviour. In : Communication in fishes (Ladich, F., Collins, S. P., Moller, P. Kapoor, B. G., eds Science Publisher, New Hampshire, pp. 259 278.
48. Wisenden, B. D., Chivers, D. P. Smith, R. J. F. 1995 : Early warning of risk in the predation sequence: a disturbance pheromone in Iowa darters (Etheostoma exile). J. Chem. Ecol. 21, 1469 1480.
49. Yoshioka, P. M. 1982 : Predator-induced polymorphism in the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea (L.). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 61, 233 242.
50. Zhao, X. Chivers, D. P. 2005 : Response of juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) to chemical alarm cues: relationship between response intensity, response duration and the level of predation risk. In : Chemical Signals in Vertebrates, Vol. 10 Mason, R. T., LeMaster, M. Müller-Schwarze, D., eds). Plenum Press, New York, pp. 334 341.
51. Zhao, X., Ferrari, M. C. O. Chivers, D. P. 2006 : Threat-sensitive learning of predator odours by a prey fish. Behaviour 143, 1103 1121.