H5N1 avian influenzia virus: An overview

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 125-133

  Proença Módena, José Luiz ^a   Macedo, Izolete Santos ^a   Arruda, Eurico ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

H5N1 avian influenza virus; Oseltamivir; Pandemic influenza

Indexed keywords

ADENOVIRUS VECTOR; AMANTADINE; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; AVIAN INFLUENZA VACCINE; INACTEVATED INFLUENZA VIRUS VACCINE; LIVE VACCINE; OSELTAMIVIR; RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS VACCINE; RIMANTADINE; SIALIDASE INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS VACCINE; ZANAMIVIR;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; AVIAN INFLUENZA; DRUG CAPSULE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ENZYME INHIBITION; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HONG KONG; HUMAN; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT; INFECTION CONTROL; INFLUENZA VIRUS A H5N1; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; PANDEMIC; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; REVIEW; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS VIRULENCE; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; ANIMAL; BIRD; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; GENETICS; HEALTH; INFLUENZA; PATHOGENICITY; VIROLOGY;

ANIMALS; BIRDS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; HUMANS; INFLUENZA A VIRUS, H5N1 SUBTYPE; INFLUENZA, HUMAN; WORLD HEALTH;

EID: 34347401688     PISSN: 14138670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S1413-86702007000100027     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Lamb R.A., Krug R.M., Orthomyxoviridae: The viruses and their replication. In: D.M. Knipe, et al. Editors Fields Virology. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 1487-531, 2001.
2. (WHO), W.H.O. Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of Avian Influenza A/(H5N1) Reported to WHO. 2006 [accessed April 10 2007].
3. Wright P.F., R.G. Webster, Orthomyxoviruses. In: D.E. Griffin, et al., Editors Fields Virology. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 1533-79, 2001.
4. (ICTV). Orthomyxoviridae. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Buchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), ICTVdB Management, Columbia University, New York, USA 2004 [accessed September 25 2006].
5. Noda T., H. Sagara, A. Yen, et al. Architecture of ribonucleoprotein complexes in influenza A virus particles. Nature 2006;439(7075): 490-2.
6. Takeda M., G.P. Leser, C.J. Russell, et al. Influenza virus hemagglutinin concentrates in lipid raft microdomains for efficient viral fusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003;100(25):14610-7.
7. Chen, J., K.H. Lee, D.A. Steinhauer, et al., Structure of the hemagglutinin precursor cleavage site, a determinant of influenza pathogenicity and the origin of the labile conformation. Cell 1998;95(3):409-17.
8. Kido H., M. Murakami, K. Oba, et al. Cellular proteinases trigger the infectivity of the influenza A and Sendai viruses. Mol Cells 1999; 9(3):235-44.
9. Gamblin S.J., L.F. Haire, R.J. Russell, et al. The structure and receptor binding properties of the 1918 influenza hemagglutinin. Science 2004;303(5665):1838-42.
10. Steinhauer D.A. Role of hemagglutinin cleavage for the pathogenicity of influenza virus. Virology 1999;258(1):1-20.
11. Li Z., Y. Jiang, P. Jiao, et al. The NS1 Gene Contributes to the Virulence of H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses. J Virol 2006.
12. Salomon R., J. Franks, E.A. Govorkova, et al. The polymerase complex genes contribute to the high virulence of the human H5N1 influenza virus isolate A/Vietnam/1203/04. J Exp Med 2006;203(3):689-97.
13. Fouchier R.A., V. Munster, A. Wallensten, et al. Characterization of a novel influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtype (H16) obtained from black-headed gulls. J Virol, 2005;79(5):2814-22.
14. Lipatov A.S., E.A. Govorkova, R.J. Webby, et al. Influenza: emergence and control. J Virol, 2004;78(17):8951-9.
15. Arruda E., O.A.L. Cintra, F.G. Hayden. Respiratory Tract Viral Infections. In: R.L. Guerrant, D.H. Walker, and P.F. Weller, Editors Tropical infectious Diseases: Principles, Pathogens & Practice. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, pp. 637-79, 2006.
16. Al Faress S., G. Cartet, O. Ferraris, et al. Divergent genetic evolution of hemagglutinin in influenza A H1N1 and A H1N2 subtypes isolated in the south-France since the winter of 2001-2002. J Clin Virol 2005; 33(3):230-6.
17. Ghedin E., N.A. Sengamalay, M. Shumway, et al. Large-scale sequencing of human influenza reveals the dynamic nature of viral genome evolution. Nature, 2005;437(7062):1162-6.
18. Guan Y., M. Peiris, K.F. Kong, et al. H5N1 influenza viruses isolated from geese in Southeastern China: evidence for genetic reassortment and interspecies transmission to ducks. Virology 2002;292(1):16-23.
19. Li K.S., Y. Guan, J. Wang, et al. Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern Asia. Nature 2004;430(6996):209-13.
20. Hinshaw V.S., R.G. Webster, W.J. Bean, et al. The ecology of influenza viruses in ducks and analysis of influenza viruses with monoclonal antibodies. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 1980;3(1-2):155-64.
21. Hinshaw V.S., R.G. Webster, B.C. Easterday, et al. Replication of avian influenza A viruses in mammals. Infect Immun 1981;34(2):354-61.
22. Nestorowicz A., Y. Kawaoka, W.J. Bean, et al. Molecular analysis of the hemagglutinin genes of Australian H7N7 influenza viruses: role of passerine birds in maintenance or transmission? Virology 1987; 160(2):411-8.
23. Webster R.G., V.S. Hinshaw, W.J. Bean, et al. Characterization of an influenza A virus from seals. Virology 1981;113(2):712-24.
24. Leneva I.A., O. Goloubeva, R.J. Fenton, et al. Efficacy of zanamivir against avian influenza A viruses that possess genes encoding H5N1 internal proteins and are pathogenic in mammals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2001;45(4):1216-24.
25. Webster R.G., W.J. Bean, O.T. Gorman, et al. Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. Microbiol Rev 1992;56(1):152-79.
26. Reid A.H., T.G. Fanning, R.D. Slemons, et al. Relationship of pre- 1918 avian influenza HA and NP sequences to subsequent avian influenza strains. Avian Dis, 2003;47(3 Suppl):921-5.
27. Reid A.H., J.K. Taubenberger, T.G. Fanning, Evidence of an absence: the genetic origins of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004;2(11):909-14.
28. Taubenberger J.K., A.H. Reid, R.M. Lourens, et al. Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes. Nature 2005; 437(7060):889-93.
29. Taubenberger J.K., A.H. Reid, T.G. Fanning, Capturing a killer flu virus. Sci Am, 2005;292(1):48-57.
30. (WHO) W.H.O. H5N1 avian influenza: timeline. 2006 [accessed September 26 2006].
31. Kurtz J., R.J. Manvell, J. Banks, Avian influenza virus isolated from a woman with conjunctivitis. Lancet 1996;348(9031):901-2.
32. Webster R.G., J. Geraci, G. Petursson, et al. Conjunctivitis in human beings caused by influenza A virus of seals. N Engl J Med 1981; 304(15):911.
33. Subbarao K., A. Klimov, J. Katz, et al. Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness. Science 1998;279(5349):393-6.
34. Matrosovich M., N. Zhou, Y. Kawaoka, et al. The surface glycoproteins of H5 influenza viruses isolated from humans, chickens, and wild aquatic birds have distinguishable properties. J Virol 1999;73(2):1146-55.
35. Maines T.R., X.H. Lu, S.M. Erb, et al. Avian influenza (H5N1) viruses isolated from humans in Asia in 2004 exhibit increased virulence in mammals. J Virol 2005;79(18):11788-800.
36. Butler D. Thai dogs carry bird-flu virus, but will they spread it? Nature 2006;439(7078):773.
37. Choi Y.K., T.D. Nguyen, H. Ozaki, et al. Studies of H5N1 influenza virus infection of pigs by using viruses isolated in Vietnam and Thailand in 2004. J Virol 2005;79(16):10821-5.
38. Ito T., J.N. Couceiro, S. Kelm, et al. Molecular basis for the generation in pigs of influenza A viruses with pandemic potential. J Virol 1998;72(9):7367-73.
39. Rimmelzwaan G.F., D. van Riel, M. Baars, et al. Influenza A virus (H5N1) infection in cats causes systemic disease with potential novel routes of virus spread within and between hosts. Am J Pathol 2006; 168(1):176-83.
40. Webster R.G., M. Peiris, H. Chen, et al. H5N1 outbreaks and enzootic influenza. Emerg Infect Dis 2006;12(1):3-8.
41. Webster R.G., M. Yakhno, V.S. Hinshaw, et al. Intestinal influenza: replication and characterization of influenza viruses in ducks. Virology 1978;84(2):268-78.
42. Guan Y., L.L. Poon, C.Y. Cheung, et al. H5N1 influenza: a protean pandemic threat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(21):8156-61.
43. Sturm-Ramirez K.M., T. Ellis, B. Bousfield, et al. Reemerging H5N1 influenza viruses in Hong Kong in 2002 are highly pathogenic to ducks. J Virol 2004;78(9):4892-901.
44. Peiris J.S., W.C. Yu, C.W. Leung, et al. Re-emergence of fatal human influenza A subtype H5N1 disease. Lancet 2004;363(9409):617-9.
45. Normile D., Avian influenza. Human transmission but no pandemic in Indonesia. Science 2006;312(5782):1855.
46. Beigel J.H., J. Farrar, A.M. Han, et al. Avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans. N Engl J Med 2005;353(13):1374-85.
47. Mounts A.W., H. Kwong, H.S. Izurieta, et al. Case-control study of risk factors for avian influenza A (H5N1) disease, Hong Kong, 1997. J Infect Dis 1999;180(2):505-8.
48. (WHO), W.H.O. Epidemic and Pandemic Alert a Response. 2006 [accessed September 26 2006].
49. Tran T.H., T.L. Nguyen, T.D. Nguyen, et al. Avian influenza A (H5N1) in 10 patients in Vietnam. N Engl J Med 2004;350(12):1179-88.
50. Ungchusak K., P. Auewarakul, S.F. Dowell, et al. Probable person-to-person transmission of avian influenza A (H5N1). N Engl J Med 2005;352(4):333-40.
51. Chan P.K., Outbreak of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in Hong Kong in 1997. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34 Suppl 2:S58-64.
52. de Jong M.D., V.C. Bach, T.Q. Phan, et al. Fatal avian influenza A (H5N1) in a child presenting with diarrhea followed by coma. N Engl J Med 2005;352(7):686-91.
53. Stevens J., O. Blixt, T.M. Tumpey, et al. Structure and receptor specificity of the hemagglutinin from an H5N1 influenza virus. Science 2006;312(5772):404-10.
54. Hatta M., P. Gao, P. Halfmann, et al. Molecular basis for high virulence of Hong Kong H5N1 influenza A viruses. Science 2001; 293(5536):1840-2.
55. Shinya K., S. Hamm, M. Hatta, et al. PB2 amino acid at position 627 affects replicative efficiency, but not cell tropism, of Hong Kong H5N1 influenza A viruses in mice. Virology 2004;320(2):258-66.
56. Guan Y., J.S. Peiris, A.S. Lipatov, et al. Emergence of multiple genotypes of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in Hong Kong SAR. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002;99(13):8950-5.
57. Yuen K.Y., P.K. Chan, M. Peiris, et al. Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. Lancet 1998;351(9101):467-71.
58. Lu P.S. Early diagnosis of avian influenza. Science 2006; 312(5772):337.
59. Ng E.K., P.K. Cheng, A.Y. Ng, et al. Influenza A H5N1 detection. Emerg Infect Dis 2005;11(8):1303-5.
60. Cooper L.A. K. Subbarao. A simple restriction fragment length polymorphism-based strategy that can distinguish the internal genes of human H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 influenza A viruses. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38(7):2579-83.
61. Russell R.J., L.F. Haire, D.J. Stevens, et al. The structure of H5N1 avian influenza neuraminidase suggests new opportunities for drug design. Nature 2006;443(7107):45-9.
62. Gao W., A.C. Soloff, X. Lu, et al. Protection of mice and poultry from lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus through adenovirusbased immunization. J Virol 2006;80(4):1959-64.
63. (WHO), W.H.O. WHO interim guideliness on clinical management of humans infected by influenza A (H5N1). 2004 [accessed april 03 2006].
64. Takada A., N. Kuboki, K. Okazaki, et al. Avirulent Avian influenza virus as a vaccine strain against a potential human pandemic. J Virol 1999;73(10):8303-7.
65. (CDC) C.f.D.C.a.P. Questions & Answers: The Nasal-Spray Flu Vaccine (Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine [LAIV]). 2003 [accessed april 3 2006].
66. Hoffmann E., A.S. Lipatov, R.J. Webby, et al. Role of specific hemagglutinin amino acids in the immunogenicity and protection of H5N1 influenza virus vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102(36):12915-20.
67. Horimoto T., A. Takada, K. Fujii, et al. The development and characterization of H5 influenza virus vaccines derived from a 2003 human isolate. Vaccine 2005.
68. Webby R.J., D.R. Perez, J.S. Coleman, et al. Responsiveness to a pandemic alert: use of reverse genetics for rapid development of influenza vaccines. Lancet 2004;363(9415):1099-103.
69. Neumann G., K. Fujii, Y. Kino, et al. An improved reverse genetics system for influenza A virus generation and its implications for vaccine production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005;102(46):16825-9.
70. Epstein S.L., W.P. Kong, J.A. Misplon, et al. Protection against multiple influenza A subtypes by vaccination with highly conserved nucleoprotein. Vaccine 2005;23(46-47): 5404-10.
71. Johansson B.E. Immunization with influenza A virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase produced in recombinant baculovirus results in a balanced and broadened immune response superior to conventional vaccine. Vaccine 1999;17(15-16):2073-80.
72. Lambkin R., J.S. Oxford, S. Bossuyt, et al. Strong local and systemic protective immunity induced in the ferret model by an intranasal virosome-formulated influenza subunit vaccine. Vaccine 2004; 22(31-32):4390-6.
73. De Filette M., W. Min Jou, A. Birkett, et al. Universal influenza A vaccine: optimization of M2-based constructs. Virology 2005; 337(1):149-61.
74. Hayden F.G. P. Palese. Influenza virus. In: D.D. Richman, R.J. Whitley, and F.G. Hayden, Editors Clinical Virology. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, pp. 891-920, 2002.
75. Hayden F.G., A.J. Hay. Emergence and transmission of influenza A viruses resistant to amantadine and rimantadine. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1992;176:119-30.
76. Arruda E., F.G. Hayden. Update on therapy of influenza and rhinovirus infections. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;394:175-87.
77. Bossart-Whitaker P., M. Carson, Y.S. Babu, et al. Three-dimensional structure of influenza A N9 neuraminidase and its complex with the inhibitor 2-deoxy 2,3-dehydro-N-acetyl neuraminic acid. J Mol Biol 1993;232(4):1069-83.
78. Varghese J.N., J.L. McKimm-Breschkin, J.B. Caldwell, et al. The structure of the complex between influenza virus neuraminidase and sialic acid, the viral receptor. Proteins 1992;14(3):327-32.
79. von Itzstein M., W.Y. Wu, G.B. Kok, et al. Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication. Nature 1993;363(6428):418-23.
80. Colman P.M., P.A. Hoyne, M.C. Lawrence. Sequence and structure alignment of paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase with influenza virus neuraminidase. J Virol 1993;67(6):2972-80.
81. Govorkova E.A., I.A. Leneva, O.G. Goloubeva, et al. Comparison of efficacies of RWJ-270201, zanamivir, and oseltamivir against H5N1, H9N2, and other avian influenza viruses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45(10):2723-32.
82. Leneva, I.A., N. Roberts, E.A. Govorkova, et al. The neuraminidase inhibitor GS4104 (oseltamivir phosphate) is efficacious against A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1) and A/Hong Kong/1074/99 (H9N2) influenza viruses. Antiviral Res 2000;48(2):101-15.
83. (WHO), W.H.O. WHO Rapid Advice Guidelines on pharmacological management of humans infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus 2006 [accessed October 13 2006].
84. de Jong M.D., T.T. Tran, H.K. Truong, et al. Oseltamivir resistance during treatment of influenza A (H5N1) infection. N Engl J Med 2005;353(25):2667-72.
85. Le Q.M., M. Kiso, K. Someya, et al. Avian flu: isolation of drug-resistant H5N1 virus. Nature 2005;437(7062):1108.
86. Lee V.J., K.H. Phua, M.I. Chenm, et al. Economics of neuraminidase inhibitor stock piling for pandemic influenza, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 2006;12(1):95-102.