메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 149-160

Review article: The pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; VANILLOID RECEPTOR 1;

EID: 34250826458     PISSN: 02692813     EISSN: 13652036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03372.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (101)

References (134)
  • 1
    • 33746709974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Montreal definition and classification of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - A global evidence-based consensus
    • Vakil N, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S, Kahrilas P, Dent J, Jones R. The Montreal definition and classification of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - a global evidence-based consensus. Am J Gastroenterol 2006 101 : 1900 20.
    • (2006) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.101 , pp. 1900-20
    • Vakil, N.1    Veldhuyzen Van Zanten, S.2    Kahrilas, P.3    Dent, J.4    Jones, R.5
  • 2
    • 10644236202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Supra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and the role of night-time gastro-oesophageal reflux
    • Fass R, Achem SR, Harding S, Mittal RK, Quigley E. Review article: supra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and the role of night-time gastro-oesophageal reflux. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 20 (Suppl. 9 26 38.
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 26-38
    • Fass, R.1    Achem, S.R.2    Harding, S.3    Mittal, R.K.4    Quigley, E.5
  • 3
    • 0021447870 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of H+ injury in rabbit esophageal epithelium
    • Orlando RC, Bryson JC, Powell DW. Mechanisms of H+ injury in rabbit esophageal epithelium. Am J Physiol 1984 246 : G718 24.
    • (1984) Am J Physiol , vol.246
    • Orlando, R.C.1    Bryson, J.C.2    Powell, D.W.3
  • 4
    • 0027235848 scopus 로고
    • Rabbit esophageal cells show regulatory volume decrease: Ionic basis and effect of pH
    • Snow JC, Goldstein JL, Schmidt LN, Lisitza P, Layden TJ. Rabbit esophageal cells show regulatory volume decrease: ionic basis and effect of pH. Gastroenterology 1993 105 : 102 10.
    • (1993) Gastroenterology , vol.105 , pp. 102-10
    • Snow, J.C.1    Goldstein, J.L.2    Schmidt, L.N.3    Lisitza, P.4    Layden, T.J.5
  • 5
    • 0020537570 scopus 로고
    • Morphological alterations in experimental esophagitis. Light microscopic and scanning and transmission electron microscopic study
    • Salo JA, Lehto VP, Kivilaakso E. Morphological alterations in experimental esophagitis. Light microscopic and scanning and transmission electron microscopic study. Dig Dis Sci 1983 28 : 440 8.
    • (1983) Dig Dis Sci , vol.28 , pp. 440-8
    • Salo, J.A.1    Lehto, V.P.2    Kivilaakso, E.3
  • 6
    • 10344249226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GERD pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations
    • Kahrilas PJ. GERD pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations. Cleve Clin J Med 2003 70 (Suppl. 5 S4 19.
    • (2003) Cleve Clin J Med , vol.70 , Issue.5
    • Kahrilas, P.J.1
  • 7
    • 0029050520 scopus 로고
    • Role of acid and duodenogastric reflux in esophageal mucosal injury: A review of animal and human studies
    • Vaezi MF, Singh S, Richter JE. Role of acid and duodenogastric reflux in esophageal mucosal injury: a review of animal and human studies. Gastroenterology 1995 108 : 1897 907.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108 , pp. 1897-907
    • Vaezi, M.F.1    Singh, S.2    Richter, J.E.3
  • 8
    • 0036444325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of epithelial injury and inflammation in gastrointestinal diseases
    • Orlando RC. Mechanisms of epithelial injury and inflammation in gastrointestinal diseases. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2002 2 (Suppl. 2 S2 8.
    • (2002) Rev Gastroenterol Disord , vol.2 , Issue.2
    • Orlando, R.C.1
  • 11
    • 0036123369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between acid reflux episodes and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms is very inconstant
    • Colas-Atger E, Bonaz B, Papillon E, et al. Relationship between acid reflux episodes and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms is very inconstant. Dig Dis Sci 2002 47 : 645 51.
    • (2002) Dig Dis Sci , vol.47 , pp. 645-51
    • Colas-Atger, E.1    Bonaz, B.2    Papillon, E.3
  • 12
    • 0024819346 scopus 로고
    • Acid gastroesophageal reflux and symptom occurrence. Analysis of some factors influencing their association
    • Baldi F, Ferrarini F, Longanesi A, Ragazzini M, Barbara L. Acid gastroesophageal reflux and symptom occurrence. Analysis of some factors influencing their association. Dig Dis Sci 1989 34 : 1890 3.
    • (1989) Dig Dis Sci , vol.34 , pp. 1890-3
    • Baldi, F.1    Ferrarini, F.2    Longanesi, A.3    Ragazzini, M.4    Barbara, L.5
  • 14
    • 0031044601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate analysis of pathophysiological factors in reflux oesophagitis
    • Cadiot G, Bruhat A, Rigaud D, et al. Multivariate analysis of pathophysiological factors in reflux oesophagitis. Gut 1997 40 : 167 74.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 167-74
    • Cadiot, G.1    Bruhat, A.2    Rigaud, D.3
  • 15
    • 22844451154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: Proton-pump inhibitor failure in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-where next?
    • Fass R, Shapiro M, Dekel R, Sewell J. Systematic review: proton-pump inhibitor failure in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-where next? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005 22 : 79 94.
    • (2005) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.22 , pp. 79-94
    • Fass, R.1    Shapiro, M.2    Dekel, R.3    Sewell, J.4
  • 16
    • 0033009464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oesophageal acid exposure: Higher in Barrett's oesophagus than in reflux oesophagitis
    • Salminen JT, Tuominen JA, Ramo OJ, Farkkila MA, Salo JA. Oesophageal acid exposure: higher in Barrett's oesophagus than in reflux oesophagitis. Ann Med 1999 31 : 46 50.
    • (1999) Ann Med , vol.31 , pp. 46-50
    • Salminen, J.T.1    Tuominen, J.A.2    Ramo, O.J.3    Farkkila, M.A.4    Salo, J.A.5
  • 17
    • 0038388265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary restrictions during ambulatory monitoring of duodenogastroesophageal reflux
    • Tack J, Bisschops R, Koek G, Sifrim D, Lerut T, Janssens J. Dietary restrictions during ambulatory monitoring of duodenogastroesophageal reflux. Dig Dis Sci 2003 48 : 1213 20.
    • (2003) Dig Dis Sci , vol.48 , pp. 1213-20
    • Tack, J.1    Bisschops, R.2    Koek, G.3    Sifrim, D.4    Lerut, T.5    Janssens, J.6
  • 18
    • 0029811274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux in gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Role of acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 1996 111 : 1192 9.
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.111 , pp. 1192-9
    • Vaezi, M.F.1    Richter, J.E.2
  • 19
    • 33645278625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of duodenogastroesophageal reflux in the pathogenesis of esophageal mucosal injury and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms
    • Xu XR, Li ZS, Zou DW, et al. Role of duodenogastroesophageal reflux in the pathogenesis of esophageal mucosal injury and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Can J Gastroenterol 2006 20 : 91 4.
    • (2006) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.20 , pp. 91-4
    • Xu, X.R.1    Li, Z.S.2    Zou, D.W.3
  • 20
    • 34249788142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bile acids in combination with low pH induce oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage: Relevance to the pathogenesis of Barrett's Oesophagus
    • Dvorak K, Payne CM, Chavarria M, et al. Bile acids in combination with low pH induce oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage: Relevance to the pathogenesis of Barrett's Oesophagus. Gut 2007 56 : 763 71.
    • (2007) Gut , vol.56 , pp. 763-71
    • Dvorak, K.1    Payne, C.M.2    Chavarria, M.3
  • 21
    • 33745789780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid and non-acid reflux in patients with persistent symptoms despite acid suppressive therapy: A multicentre study using combined ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring
    • Mainie I, Tutuian R, Shay S, et al. Acid and non-acid reflux in patients with persistent symptoms despite acid suppressive therapy: a multicentre study using combined ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring. Gut 2006 55 : 1398 402.
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , pp. 1398-402
    • Mainie, I.1    Tutuian, R.2    Shay, S.3
  • 22
    • 0034995918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous intraesophageal impedance and pH measurement of acid and nonacid gastroesophageal reflux: Effect of omeprazole
    • Vela MF, Camacho-Lobato L, Srinivasan R, Tutuian R, Katz PO, Castell DO. Simultaneous intraesophageal impedance and pH measurement of acid and nonacid gastroesophageal reflux: effect of omeprazole. Gastroenterology 2001 120 : 1599 606.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , pp. 1599-606
    • Vela, M.F.1    Camacho-Lobato, L.2    Srinivasan, R.3    Tutuian, R.4    Katz, P.O.5    Castell, D.O.6
  • 23
    • 20544477076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omeprazole does not reduce gastroesophageal reflux: New insights using multichannel intraluminal impedance technology
    • discussion 897-8
    • Tamhankar AP, Peters JH, Portale G, et al. Omeprazole does not reduce gastroesophageal reflux: new insights using multichannel intraluminal impedance technology. J Gastrointest Surg 2004 8 : 890 7 discussion 897 8.
    • (2004) J Gastrointest Surg , vol.8 , pp. 890-7
    • Tamhankar, A.P.1    Peters, J.H.2    Portale, G.3
  • 24
    • 33750510296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux in symptomatic patients with and without excessive esophageal acid exposure
    • Bredenoord AJ, Weusten BL, Timmer R, Smout AJ. Characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux in symptomatic patients with and without excessive esophageal acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol 2006 101 : 2470 5.
    • (2006) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.101 , pp. 2470-5
    • Bredenoord, A.J.1    Weusten, B.L.2    Timmer, R.3    Smout, A.J.4
  • 25
    • 3142691409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux disease poorly responsive to single-dose proton pump inhibitors in patients without Barrett's esophagus: Acid reflux, bile reflux, or both?
    • Tack J, Koek G, Demedts I, Sifrim D, Janssens J. Gastroesophageal reflux disease poorly responsive to single-dose proton pump inhibitors in patients without Barrett's esophagus: acid reflux, bile reflux, or both? Am J Gastroenterol 2004 99 : 981 8.
    • (2004) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.99 , pp. 981-8
    • Tack, J.1    Koek, G.2    Demedts, I.3    Sifrim, D.4    Janssens, J.5
  • 26
    • 34250870489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern of acid reflux during transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) differ among patients with mild and severe reflux esophagitis and healthy subjects
    • Iwakiri K, Hayashi Y, Kotoyori M, et al. Pattern of acid reflux during transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) differ among patients with mild and severe reflux esophagitis and healthy subjects. Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 M2007.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • Iwakiri, K.1    Hayashi, Y.2    Kotoyori, M.3
  • 27
    • 12344255718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of volume and proximal extent of reflux in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    • Sifrim D. Relevance of volume and proximal extent of reflux in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gut 2005 54 : 175 8.
    • (2005) Gut , vol.54 , pp. 175-8
    • Sifrim, D.1
  • 29
    • 0033155782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the lower esophageal sphincter and hiatal hernia in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Fein M, Ritter MP, DeMeester TR, et al. Role of the lower esophageal sphincter and hiatal hernia in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastrointest Surg 1999 3 : 405 10.
    • (1999) J Gastrointest Surg , vol.3 , pp. 405-10
    • Fein, M.1    Ritter, M.P.2    Demeester, T.R.3
  • 30
    • 0027524629 scopus 로고
    • Differences in manometry and 24-H ambulatory pH-metry between patients with and without endoscopic or histological esophagitis in gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Kasapidis P, Xynos E, Mantides A, et al. Differences in manometry and 24-H ambulatory pH-metry between patients with and without endoscopic or histological esophagitis in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1993 88 : 1893 9.
    • (1993) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.88 , pp. 1893-9
    • Kasapidis, P.1    Xynos, E.2    Mantides, A.3
  • 31
    • 10644282117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: The pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - Oesophageal manifestations
    • Castell DO, Murray JA, Tutuian R, Orlando RC, Arnold R. Review article: the pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - oesophageal manifestations. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 20 (Suppl. 9 14 25.
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 14-25
    • Castell, D.O.1    Murray, J.A.2    Tutuian, R.3    Orlando, R.C.4    Arnold, R.5
  • 32
    • 0018904802 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux in recumbent asymptomatic human subjects
    • Dent J, Dodds WJ, Friedman RH, et al. Mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux in recumbent asymptomatic human subjects. J Clin Invest 1980 65 : 256 67.
    • (1980) J Clin Invest , vol.65 , pp. 256-67
    • Dent, J.1    Dodds, W.J.2    Friedman, R.H.3
  • 33
    • 0020458289 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis
    • Dodds WJ, Dent J, Hogan WJ, et al. Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis. N Engl J Med 1982 307 : 1547 52.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.307 , pp. 1547-52
    • Dodds, W.J.1    Dent, J.2    Hogan, W.J.3
  • 34
    • 0034833952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations are no more frequent in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease than in asymptomatic volunteers
    • Trudgill NJ, Riley SA. Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations are no more frequent in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease than in asymptomatic volunteers. Am J Gastroenterol 2001 96 : 2569 74.
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 2569-74
    • Trudgill, N.J.1    Riley, S.A.2
  • 35
    • 0034821416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations: How many or how harmful?
    • Sifrim D, Holloway R. Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations: how many or how harmful? Am J Gastroenterol 2001 96 : 2529 32.
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 2529-32
    • Sifrim, D.1    Holloway, R.2
  • 36
    • 8744299479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux diseases in Chinese - Role of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and esophageal motor dysfunction
    • Wong WM, Lai KC, Hui WM, et al. Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux diseases in Chinese - role of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and esophageal motor dysfunction. Am J Gastroenterol 2004 99 : 2088 93.
    • (2004) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.99 , pp. 2088-93
    • Wong, W.M.1    Lai, K.C.2    Hui, W.M.3
  • 37
    • 0023766267 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and frequency of transient relaxations of the lower esophageal sphincter in patients with reflux esophagitis
    • Mittal RK, McCallum RW. Characteristics and frequency of transient relaxations of the lower esophageal sphincter in patients with reflux esophagitis. Gastroenterology 1988 95 : 593 9.
    • (1988) Gastroenterology , vol.95 , pp. 593-9
    • Mittal, R.K.1    McCallum, R.W.2
  • 39
    • 0021882486 scopus 로고
    • Gastric distention: A mechanism for postprandial gastroesophageal reflux
    • Holloway RH, Hongo M, Berger K, McCallum RW. Gastric distention: a mechanism for postprandial gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroenterology 1985 89 : 779 84.
    • (1985) Gastroenterology , vol.89 , pp. 779-84
    • Holloway, R.H.1    Hongo, M.2    Berger, K.3    McCallum, R.W.4
  • 40
    • 0034022484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased frequency of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation induced by gastric distention in reflux patients with hiatal hernia
    • Kahrilas PJ, Shi G, Manka M, Joehl RJ. Increased frequency of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation induced by gastric distention in reflux patients with hiatal hernia. Gastroenterology 2000 118 : 688 95.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.118 , pp. 688-95
    • Kahrilas, P.J.1    Shi, G.2    Manka, M.3    Joehl, R.J.4
  • 42
    • 30044436636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations do not result from passive opening of the cardia by gastric distention
    • Massey BT, Simuncak C, LeCapitaine-Dana NJ, Pudur S. Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations do not result from passive opening of the cardia by gastric distention. Gastroenterology 2006 130 : 89 95.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 89-95
    • Massey, B.T.1    Simuncak, C.2    Lecapitaine-Dana, N.J.3    Pudur, S.4
  • 43
    • 0347991876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanoreceptors of the proximal stomach: Role in triggering transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation
    • Penagini R, Carmagnola S, Cantu P, Allocca M, Bianchi PA. Mechanoreceptors of the proximal stomach: role in triggering transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastroenterology 2004 126 : 49 56.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , pp. 49-56
    • Penagini, R.1    Carmagnola, S.2    Cantu, P.3    Allocca, M.4    Bianchi, P.A.5
  • 44
    • 0022448804 scopus 로고
    • Abolition of gas reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation by vagal blockade in the dog
    • Martin CJ, Patrikios J, Dent J. Abolition of gas reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation by vagal blockade in the dog. Gastroenterology 1986 91 : 890 6.
    • (1986) Gastroenterology , vol.91 , pp. 890-6
    • Martin, C.J.1    Patrikios, J.2    Dent, J.3
  • 45
    • 0028789247 scopus 로고
    • Effect of atropine on the frequency of reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in normal subjects
    • Mittal RK, Holloway R, Dent J. Effect of atropine on the frequency of reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 1995 109 : 1547 54.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.109 , pp. 1547-54
    • Mittal, R.K.1    Holloway, R.2    Dent, J.3
  • 46
    • 4344700787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between motor function of the proximal stomach and transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation after morphine
    • Penagini R, Allocca M, Cantu P, et al. Relationship between motor function of the proximal stomach and transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation after morphine. Gut 2004 53 : 1227 31.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 1227-31
    • Penagini, R.1    Allocca, M.2    Cantu, P.3
  • 47
    • 0036240152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baclofen-mediated gastro-oesophageal acid reflux control in patients with established reflux disease
    • Cange L, Johnsson E, Rydholm H, et al. Baclofen-mediated gastro-oesophageal acid reflux control in patients with established reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002 16 : 869 73.
    • (2002) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.16 , pp. 869-73
    • Cange, L.1    Johnsson, E.2    Rydholm, H.3
  • 48
    • 0033958395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux by the GABA(B) agonist baclofen in normal subjects
    • Lidums I, Lehmann A, Checklin H, Dent J, Holloway RH. Control of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux by the GABA(B) agonist baclofen in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 2000 118 : 7 13.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.118 , pp. 7-13
    • Lidums, I.1    Lehmann, A.2    Checklin, H.3    Dent, J.4    Holloway, R.H.5
  • 49
    • 0036136088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux by the GABA(B) agonist baclofen in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    • Zhang Q, Lehmann A, Rigda R, Dent J, Holloway RH. Control of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux by the GABA(B) agonist baclofen in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gut 2002 50 : 19 24.
    • (2002) Gut , vol.50 , pp. 19-24
    • Zhang, Q.1    Lehmann, A.2    Rigda, R.3    Dent, J.4    Holloway, R.H.5
  • 50
    • 24144487047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and gastroesophageal reflux by metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands
    • Frisby CL, Mattsson JP, Jensen JM, Lehmann A, Dent J, Blackshaw LA. Inhibition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and gastroesophageal reflux by metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands. Gastroenterology 2005 129 : 995 1004.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , pp. 995-1004
    • Frisby, C.L.1    Mattsson, J.P.2    Jensen, J.M.3    Lehmann, A.4    Dent, J.5    Blackshaw, L.A.6
  • 51
    • 27744549064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in dogs are inhibited by a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist
    • Jensen J, Lehmann A, Uvebrant A, et al. Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in dogs are inhibited by a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2005 519 : 154 7.
    • (2005) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.519 , pp. 154-7
    • Jensen, J.1    Lehmann, A.2    Uvebrant, A.3
  • 52
    • 0033732230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of L-NMMA on postprandial transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in healthy volunteers
    • Hirsch DP, Tiel-Van Buul MM, Tytgat GN, Boeckxstaens GE. Effect of L-NMMA on postprandial transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci 2000 45 : 2069 75.
    • (2000) Dig Dis Sci , vol.45 , pp. 2069-75
    • Hirsch, D.P.1    Tiel-Van Buul, M.M.2    Tytgat, G.N.3    Boeckxstaens, G.E.4
  • 53
    • 16344363993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Drugs interfering with visceral sensitivity for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders-the clinical evidence
    • Kuiken SD, Tytgat GN, Boeckxstaens GE. Review article: drugs interfering with visceral sensitivity for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders-the clinical evidence. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005 21 : 633 51.
    • (2005) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.21 , pp. 633-51
    • Kuiken, S.D.1    Tytgat, G.N.2    Boeckxstaens, G.E.3
  • 54
    • 0030698789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between different forms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    • El-Serag HB, Sonnenberg A. Associations between different forms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gut 1997 41 : 594 9.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.41 , pp. 594-9
    • El-Serag, H.B.1    Sonnenberg, A.2
  • 55
    • 0034967788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hiatal hernia size is the dominant determinant of esophagitis presence and severity in gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Jones MP, Sloan SS, Rabine JC, Ebert CC, Huang CF, Kahrilas PJ. Hiatal hernia size is the dominant determinant of esophagitis presence and severity in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2001 96 : 1711 7.
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 1711-7
    • Jones, M.P.1    Sloan, S.S.2    Rabine, J.C.3    Ebert, C.C.4    Huang, C.F.5    Kahrilas, P.J.6
  • 56
    • 0036267786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of esophageal motility and hiatal hernia in esophageal exposure to acid
    • Xenos ES. The role of esophageal motility and hiatal hernia in esophageal exposure to acid. Surg Endosc 2002 16 : 914 20.
    • (2002) Surg Endosc , vol.16 , pp. 914-20
    • Xenos, E.S.1
  • 57
    • 2342449947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: A prospective, endoscopy based study
    • Rosaida MS, Goh KL. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: a prospective, endoscopy based study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 16 : 495 501.
    • (2004) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.16 , pp. 495-501
    • Rosaida, M.S.1    Goh, K.L.2
  • 59
    • 33846252359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and esophagitis in the general population: Results from the Loiano-Monghidoro study
    • Zagari RM, Pozzato P, Damian S, et al. Relationship between gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and esophagitis in the general population: results from the Loiano-Monghidoro study. Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 T1018.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • Zagari, R.M.1    Pozzato, P.2    Damian, S.3
  • 60
    • 20144389772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and esophagitis with or without symptoms in the general adult Swedish population: A Kalixanda study report
    • Ronkainen J, Aro P, Storskrubb T, et al. High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and esophagitis with or without symptoms in the general adult Swedish population: a Kalixanda study report. Scand J Gastroenterol 2005 40 : 275 85.
    • (2005) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.40 , pp. 275-85
    • Ronkainen, J.1    Aro, P.2    Storskrubb, T.3
  • 61
    • 0033179998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barrett's esophagus: Prevalence and size of hiatal hernia
    • Cameron AJ. Barrett's esophagus: prevalence and size of hiatal hernia. Am J Gastroenterol 1999 94 : 2054 9.
    • (1999) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.94 , pp. 2054-9
    • Cameron, A.J.1
  • 62
    • 0026323946 scopus 로고
    • The importance of hiatal hernia in reflux esophagitis compared with lower esophageal sphincter pressure or smoking
    • Sontag SJ, Schnell TG, Miller TQ, et al. The importance of hiatal hernia in reflux esophagitis compared with lower esophageal sphincter pressure or smoking. J Clin Gastroenterol 1991 13 : 628 43.
    • (1991) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.13 , pp. 628-43
    • Sontag, S.J.1    Schnell, T.G.2    Miller, T.Q.3
  • 63
    • 0032947654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of hiatus hernia on gastro-oesophageal junction pressure
    • Kahrilas PJ, Lin S, Chen J, Manka M. The effect of hiatus hernia on gastro-oesophageal junction pressure. Gut 1999 44 : 476 82.
    • (1999) Gut , vol.44 , pp. 476-82
    • Kahrilas, P.J.1    Lin, S.2    Chen, J.3    Manka, M.4
  • 64
    • 0034464103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess gastroesophageal reflux in patients with hiatus hernia is caused by mechanisms other than transient LES relaxations
    • van Herwaarden MA, Samsom M, Smout AJ. Excess gastroesophageal reflux in patients with hiatus hernia is caused by mechanisms other than transient LES relaxations. Gastroenterology 2000 119 : 1439 46.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.119 , pp. 1439-46
    • Van Herwaarden, M.A.1    Samsom, M.2    Smout, A.J.3
  • 66
    • 33644782624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hiatal hernia on proximal oesophageal acid clearance in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients
    • Emerenziani S, Habib FI, Ribolsi M, et al. Effect of hiatal hernia on proximal oesophageal acid clearance in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006 23 : 751 7.
    • (2006) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.23 , pp. 751-7
    • Emerenziani, S.1    Habib, F.I.2    Ribolsi, M.3
  • 67
    • 0026089007 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of esophageal emptying with hiatal hernia
    • Sloan S, Kahrilas PJ. Impairment of esophageal emptying with hiatal hernia. Gastroenterology 1991 100 : 596 605.
    • (1991) Gastroenterology , vol.100 , pp. 596-605
    • Sloan, S.1    Kahrilas, P.J.2
  • 68
    • 0029565616 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hiatal hernia on esophageal manometry and pH-metry in gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Kasapidis P, Vassilakis JS, Tzovaras G, Chrysos E, Xynos E. Effect of hiatal hernia on esophageal manometry and pH-metry in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dig Dis Sci 1995 40 : 2724 30.
    • (1995) Dig Dis Sci , vol.40 , pp. 2724-30
    • Kasapidis, P.1    Vassilakis, J.S.2    Tzovaras, G.3    Chrysos, E.4    Xynos, E.5
  • 69
    • 8744253428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between body mass and gastro-oesophageal reflux
    • Nilsson M, Lagergren J. The relation between body mass and gastro-oesophageal reflux. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2004 18 : 1117 23.
    • (2004) Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol , vol.18 , pp. 1117-23
    • Nilsson, M.1    Lagergren, J.2
  • 70
    • 34250828240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gastric sling fiber/clasp fiber pressure profile is significantly decreased in patients with GERD
    • McKenna T, Korimilli A, Vegesna AK, Parkman H, Brasseur J, Miller LS. The gastric sling fiber/clasp fiber pressure profile is significantly decreased in patients with GERD. Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 M1998.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • McKenna, T.1    Korimilli, A.2    Vegesna, A.K.3    Parkman, H.4    Brasseur, J.5    Miller, L.S.6
  • 71
    • 12344291516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Esophageal epithelial resistance
    • In: Castell, D.O., Richter, J.E., eds. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
    • Orlando RC. Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: esophageal epithelial resistance. In : Castell DO, Richter JE, eds. The Esophagus, 4th edn. Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004 : 421 33.
    • (2004) The Esophagus, 4th Edn. , pp. 421-33
    • Orlando, R.C.1
  • 72
    • 0029133279 scopus 로고
    • What role do salivary inorganic components play in health and disease of the esophageal mucosa?
    • Sarosiek J, McCallum RW. What role do salivary inorganic components play in health and disease of the esophageal mucosa? Digestion 1995 56 (Suppl. 1 24 31.
    • (1995) Digestion , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-31
    • Sarosiek, J.1    McCallum, R.W.2
  • 73
    • 0026041033 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal esophageal transit in patients with typical reflux symptoms but normal endoscopic and pH profiles
    • Eriksen CA, Cullen PT, Sutton D, Kennedy N, Cuschieri A. Abnormal esophageal transit in patients with typical reflux symptoms but normal endoscopic and pH profiles. Am J Surg 1991 161 : 657 61.
    • (1991) Am J Surg , vol.161 , pp. 657-61
    • Eriksen, C.A.1    Cullen, P.T.2    Sutton, D.3    Kennedy, N.4    Cuschieri, A.5
  • 74
    • 0028958121 scopus 로고
    • Integrity and characteristics of secondary oesophageal peristalsis in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    • Schoeman MN, Holloway RH. Integrity and characteristics of secondary oesophageal peristalsis in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gut 1995 36 : 499 504.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.36 , pp. 499-504
    • Schoeman, M.N.1    Holloway, R.H.2
  • 76
    • 0037260166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of esophageal peristalsis in older patients: Association with esophageal acid exposure
    • Achem AC, Achem SR, Stark ME, DeVault KR. Failure of esophageal peristalsis in older patients: association with esophageal acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol 2003 98 : 35 9.
    • (2003) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.98 , pp. 35-9
    • Achem, A.C.1    Achem, S.R.2    Stark, M.E.3    Devault, K.R.4
  • 77
    • 14144254343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ineffective esophageal motility in gastroesophageal erosive reflux disease and in nonerosive reflux disease: Are they different?
    • Lemme EM, Abrahao-Junior LJ, Manhaes Y, Shechter R, Carvalho BB, Alvariz A. Ineffective esophageal motility in gastroesophageal erosive reflux disease and in nonerosive reflux disease: are they different? J Clin Gastroenterol 2005 39 : 224 7.
    • (2005) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.39 , pp. 224-7
    • Lemme, E.M.1    Abrahao-Junior, L.J.2    Manhaes, Y.3    Shechter, R.4    Carvalho, B.B.5    Alvariz, A.6
  • 78
    • 21844442160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in the pathophysiology and therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonerosive reflux disease
    • Tack J. Recent developments in the pathophysiology and therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonerosive reflux disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2005 21 : 454 60.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 454-60
    • Tack, J.1
  • 79
    • 0038238349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of ineffective oesophageal motility during oesophageal acid clearance
    • Simren M, Silny J, Holloway R, Tack J, Janssens J, Sifrim D. Relevance of ineffective oesophageal motility during oesophageal acid clearance. Gut 2003 52 : 784 90.
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , pp. 784-90
    • Simren, M.1    Silny, J.2    Holloway, R.3    Tack, J.4    Janssens, J.5    Sifrim, D.6
  • 80
    • 0029052198 scopus 로고
    • Lowered oesophageal sensory thresholds in patients with symptomatic but not excess gastro-oesophageal reflux: Evidence for a spectrum of visceral sensitivity in GORD
    • Trimble KC, Pryde A, Heading RC. Lowered oesophageal sensory thresholds in patients with symptomatic but not excess gastro-oesophageal reflux: evidence for a spectrum of visceral sensitivity in GORD. Gut 1995 37 : 7 12.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.37 , pp. 7-12
    • Trimble, K.C.1    Pryde, A.2    Heading, R.C.3
  • 81
    • 0030947488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double blind cross-over placebo controlled study of omeprazole in the treatment of patients with reflux symptoms and physiological levels of acid reflux-the "sensitive oesophagus"
    • Watson R, Tham T, Johnston B, McDougall N. Double blind cross-over placebo controlled study of omeprazole in the treatment of patients with reflux symptoms and physiological levels of acid reflux-the "sensitive oesophagus". Gut 1997 40 : 587 90.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 587-90
    • Watson, R.1    Tham, T.2    Johnston, B.3    McDougall, N.4
  • 84
    • 0141427799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-oesophageal distribution and perception of acid reflux in patients with non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    • Cicala M, Emerenziani S, Caviglia R, et al. Intra-oesophageal distribution and perception of acid reflux in patients with non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003 18 : 605 13.
    • (2003) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.18 , pp. 605-13
    • Cicala, M.1    Emerenziani, S.2    Caviglia, R.3
  • 85
    • 34250828831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct clinical characteristics of patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and reflux esophagitis (RE)
    • Wu J, Cheung C, Wong V, Sung J. Distinct clinical characteristics of patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and reflux esophagitis (RE). Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 888.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 888
    • Wu, J.1    Cheung, C.2    Wong, V.3    Sung, J.4
  • 86
    • 0032016408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Oesophageal mucosal resistance
    • Orlando RC. Review article: oesophageal mucosal resistance. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998 12 : 191 7.
    • (1998) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.12 , pp. 191-7
    • Orlando, R.C.1
  • 87
    • 0023215922 scopus 로고
    • PH of the microclimate lining human gastric and duodenal mucosa in vivo. Studies in control subjects and in duodenal ulcer patients
    • Quigley EM, Turnberg LA. pH of the microclimate lining human gastric and duodenal mucosa in vivo. Studies in control subjects and in duodenal ulcer patients. Gastroenterology 1987 92 : 1876 84.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 1876-84
    • Quigley, E.M.1    Turnberg, L.A.2
  • 89
  • 90
    • 0028146131 scopus 로고
    • Diminished luminal release of esophageal epidermal growth factor in patients with reflux esophagitis
    • Rourk RM, Namiot Z, Edmunds MC, Sarosiek J, Yu Z, McCallum RW. Diminished luminal release of esophageal epidermal growth factor in patients with reflux esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1994 89 : 1177 84.
    • (1994) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.89 , pp. 1177-84
    • Rourk, R.M.1    Namiot, Z.2    Edmunds, M.C.3    Sarosiek, J.4    Yu, Z.5    McCallum, R.W.6
  • 91
    • 0028089158 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of salivary epidermal growth factor secretory response to esophageal mechanical and chemical stimulation in patients with reflux esophagitis
    • Rourk RM, Namiot Z, Sarosiek J, Yu Z, McCallum RW. Impairment of salivary epidermal growth factor secretory response to esophageal mechanical and chemical stimulation in patients with reflux esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1994 89 : 237 44.
    • (1994) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.89 , pp. 237-44
    • Rourk, R.M.1    Namiot, Z.2    Sarosiek, J.3    Yu, Z.4    McCallum, R.W.5
  • 92
    • 0034611271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of reflux-induced epithelial injuries in the esophagus
    • Orlando RC. Mechanisms of reflux-induced epithelial injuries in the esophagus. Am J Med 2000 108 (Suppl. 4a 104S 8S.
    • (2000) Am J Med , vol.108 , Issue.4
    • Orlando, R.C.1
  • 93
    • 0019412813 scopus 로고
    • Morphologic alterations in early acid-induced epithelial injury of the rabbit esophagus
    • Carney CN, Orlando RC, Powell DW, Dotson MM. Morphologic alterations in early acid-induced epithelial injury of the rabbit esophagus. Lab Invest 1981 45 : 198 208.
    • (1981) Lab Invest , vol.45 , pp. 198-208
    • Carney, C.N.1    Orlando, R.C.2    Powell, D.W.3    Dotson, M.M.4
  • 95
    • 0028926087 scopus 로고
    • Effect of HCl on transmembrane potentials and intracellular pH in rabbit esophageal epithelium
    • Khalbuss WE, Marousis CG, Subramanyam M, Orlando RC. Effect of HCl on transmembrane potentials and intracellular pH in rabbit esophageal epithelium. Gastroenterology 1995 108 : 662 72.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108 , pp. 662-72
    • Khalbuss, W.E.1    Marousis, C.G.2    Subramanyam, M.3    Orlando, R.C.4
  • 96
    • 0029808884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dilated intercellular spaces: A morphological feature of acid reflux-damaged human esophageal epithelium
    • Tobey NA, Carson JL, Alkiek RA, Orlando RC. Dilated intercellular spaces: a morphological feature of acid reflux-damaged human esophageal epithelium. Gastroenterology 1996 111 : 1200 5.
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.111 , pp. 1200-5
    • Tobey, N.A.1    Carson, J.L.2    Alkiek, R.A.3    Orlando, R.C.4
  • 97
    • 0027176366 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of HCl-induced lowering of intracellular pH in rabbit esophageal epithelial cells
    • Tobey NA, Reddy SP, Keku TO, Cragoe EJ Jr., Orlando RC. Mechanisms of HCl-induced lowering of intracellular pH in rabbit esophageal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 1993 105 : 1035 44.
    • (1993) Gastroenterology , vol.105 , pp. 1035-44
    • Tobey, N.A.1    Reddy, S.P.2    Keku, T.O.3    Cragoe Jr., E.J.4    Orlando, R.C.5
  • 98
    • 0031056628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HCl-induced cell edema in primary cultured rabbit esophageal epithelium
    • Tobey NA, Koves G, Orlando RC. HCl-induced cell edema in primary cultured rabbit esophageal epithelium. Gastroenterology 1997 112 : 847 54.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.112 , pp. 847-54
    • Tobey, N.A.1    Koves, G.2    Orlando, R.C.3
  • 99
    • 0031049382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superoxide anions produced by inflammatory cells play an important part in the pathogenesis of acid and pepsin induced oesophagitis in rabbits
    • Naya MJ, Pereboom D, Ortego J, Alda JO, Lanas A. Superoxide anions produced by inflammatory cells play an important part in the pathogenesis of acid and pepsin induced oesophagitis in rabbits. Gut 1997 40 : 175 81.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 175-81
    • Naya, M.J.1    Pereboom, D.2    Ortego, J.3    Alda, J.O.4    Lanas, A.5
  • 100
    • 0014733323 scopus 로고
    • Histological consequences of gastroesophageal reflux in man
    • Ismail-Beigi F, Horton PF, Pope CE II. Histological consequences of gastroesophageal reflux in man. Gastroenterology 1970 58 : 163 74.
    • (1970) Gastroenterology , vol.58 , pp. 163-74
    • Ismail-Beigi, F.1    Horton, P.F.2    Pope, I.I.C.E.3
  • 101
    • 0034837094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dilated intercellular spaces as markers of reflux disease: Histology, semiquantitative score and morphometry upon light microscopy
    • Villanacci V, Grigolato PG, Cestari R, et al. Dilated intercellular spaces as markers of reflux disease: histology, semiquantitative score and morphometry upon light microscopy. Digestion 2001 64 : 1 8.
    • (2001) Digestion , vol.64 , pp. 1-8
    • Villanacci, V.1    Grigolato, P.G.2    Cestari, R.3
  • 102
    • 0034108473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered intercellular glycoconjugates and dilated intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium in reflux disease
    • Solcia E, Villani L, Luinetti O, et al. Altered intercellular glycoconjugates and dilated intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium in reflux disease. Virchows Arch 2000 436 : 207 16.
    • (2000) Virchows Arch , vol.436 , pp. 207-16
    • Solcia, E.1    Villani, L.2    Luinetti, O.3
  • 103
    • 33846262013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic esophageal mucosal injury in nonerosive reflux disease
    • Epub R.*Ribolsi M.*Maggiano N.,*et al.
    • Dent J. Microscopic esophageal mucosal injury in nonerosive reflux disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007 5 : 4 16. Epub R, Ribolsi M, Maggiano N, et al. Dilated intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium in nonerosive reflux disease patients with physiological esophageal acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol 2005 100 : 543 8.
    • (2007) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.5 , pp. 4-16
    • Dent, J.1
  • 104
    • 0026342839 scopus 로고
    • Capsaicin-sensitive nerves mediate esophageal mucosal protection
    • discussion 425-6
    • Bass BL, Trad KS, Harmon JW, Hakki FZ. Capsaicin-sensitive nerves mediate esophageal mucosal protection. Surgery 1991 110 : 419 25 discussion 425 6.
    • (1991) Surgery , vol.110 , pp. 419-25
    • Bass, B.L.1    Trad, K.S.2    Harmon, J.W.3    Hakki, F.Z.4
  • 105
    • 0026719837 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of esophageal pain
    • Lynn RB. Mechanisms of esophageal pain. Am J Med 1992 92 : 11S 9S.
    • (1992) Am J Med , vol.92
    • Lynn, R.B.1
  • 106
    • 15844373022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vagal afferent nerves with nociceptive properties in guinea-pig oesophagus
    • Yu S, Undem BJ, Kollarik M. Vagal afferent nerves with nociceptive properties in guinea-pig oesophagus. J Physiol 2005 563 : 831 42.
    • (2005) J Physiol , vol.563 , pp. 831-42
    • Yu, S.1    Undem, B.J.2    Kollarik, M.3
  • 107
    • 0034695176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and chemical anatomy of the afferent vagal system
    • Berthoud HR, Neuhuber WL. Functional and chemical anatomy of the afferent vagal system. Auton Neurosci 2000 85 : 1 17.
    • (2000) Auton Neurosci , vol.85 , pp. 1-17
    • Berthoud, H.R.1    Neuhuber, W.L.2
  • 108
    • 34250847420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of esophageal mast cells in patients with symptoms of heartburn
    • Yu S, Bethards DM, Myers AC, Ouyang A. The role of esophageal mast cells in patients with symptoms of heartburn. Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 W1795.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • Yu, S.1    Bethards, D.M.2    Myers, A.C.3    Ouyang, A.4
  • 109
    • 34250837808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) demonstrate upregulation of TRPV1 receptors in the distal esophagus as compared to the other GERD groups
    • Dickman R, Pastricha PJ, Winston J, Shenoy M, Hernandez D, Fass R. Patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) demonstrate upregulation of TRPV1 receptors in the distal esophagus as compared to the other GERD groups. Gastroenterology 2006 4 (Suppl. 2 M2002.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • Dickman, R.1    Pastricha, P.J.2    Winston, J.3    Shenoy, M.4    Hernandez, D.5    Fass, R.6
  • 110
    • 0034734670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of central sensitisation to the development of non-cardiac chest pain
    • Sarkar S, Aziz Q, Woolf CJ, Hobson AR, Thompson DG. Contribution of central sensitisation to the development of non-cardiac chest pain. Lancet 2000 356 : 1154 9.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 1154-9
    • Sarkar, S.1    Aziz, Q.2    Woolf, C.J.3    Hobson, A.R.4    Thompson, D.G.5
  • 112
    • 33745500433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual wind-up in the human oesophagus is enhanced by central sensitisation
    • Sarkar S, Woolf CJ, Hobson AR, Thompson DG, Aziz Q. Perceptual wind-up in the human oesophagus is enhanced by central sensitisation. Gut 2006 55 : 920 5.
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , pp. 920-5
    • Sarkar, S.1    Woolf, C.J.2    Hobson, A.R.3    Thompson, D.G.4    Aziz, Q.5
  • 113
    • 33645023864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cortical potentials evoked by oesophageal balloon distention and acid perfusion in patients with functional heartburn
    • Yang M, Li ZS, Xu XR, et al. Characterization of cortical potentials evoked by oesophageal balloon distention and acid perfusion in patients with functional heartburn. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2006 18 : 292 9.
    • (2006) Neurogastroenterol Motil , vol.18 , pp. 292-9
    • Yang, M.1    Li, Z.S.2    Xu, X.R.3
  • 114
    • 0346374660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed gastric emptying in gastroesophageal reflux disease: Reassessment with new methods and symptomatic correlations
    • Buckles DC, Sarosiek I, McMillin C, McCallum RW. Delayed gastric emptying in gastroesophageal reflux disease: reassessment with new methods and symptomatic correlations. Am J Med Sci 2004 327 : 1 4.
    • (2004) Am J Med Sci , vol.327 , pp. 1-4
    • Buckles, D.C.1    Sarosiek, I.2    McMillin, C.3    McCallum, R.W.4
  • 115
    • 0023074743 scopus 로고
    • Gastric emptying of solid food in patients with gastroesophageal reflux
    • Shay SS, Eggli D, McDonald C, Johnson LF. Gastric emptying of solid food in patients with gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroenterology 1987 92 : 459 65.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 459-65
    • Shay, S.S.1    Eggli, D.2    McDonald, C.3    Johnson, L.F.4
  • 117
    • 21444449227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux and gastric emptying, revisited
    • Emerenziani S, Sifrim D. Gastroesophageal reflux and gastric emptying, revisited. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2005 7 : 190 5.
    • (2005) Curr Gastroenterol Rep , vol.7 , pp. 190-5
    • Emerenziani, S.1    Sifrim, D.2
  • 118
    • 0024546380 scopus 로고
    • Does delayed gastric emptying contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disease?
    • Schwizer W, Hinder RA, DeMeester TR. Does delayed gastric emptying contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disease? Am J Surg 1989 157 : 74 81.
    • (1989) Am J Surg , vol.157 , pp. 74-81
    • Schwizer, W.1    Hinder, R.A.2    Demeester, T.R.3
  • 119
    • 3042728253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diminished retention of food in the proximal stomach correlates with increased acidic reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and dyspeptic symptoms
    • Herculano JR Jr., Troncon LE, Aprile LR, et al. Diminished retention of food in the proximal stomach correlates with increased acidic reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and dyspeptic symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 2004 49 : 750 6.
    • (2004) Dig Dis Sci , vol.49 , pp. 750-6
    • Herculano Jr., J.R.1    Troncon, L.E.2    Aprile, L.R.3
  • 120
    • 0019482506 scopus 로고
    • Acid clearance during sleep in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis
    • Orr WC, Robinson MG, Johnson LF. Acid clearance during sleep in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci 1981 26 : 423 7.
    • (1981) Dig Dis Sci , vol.26 , pp. 423-7
    • Orr, W.C.1    Robinson, M.G.2    Johnson, L.F.3
  • 121
    • 0033987628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proximal migration of esophageal acid perfusions during waking and sleep
    • Orr WC, Elsenbruch S, Harnish MJ, Johnson LF. Proximal migration of esophageal acid perfusions during waking and sleep. Am J Gastroenterol 2000 95 : 37 42.
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 37-42
    • Orr, W.C.1    Elsenbruch, S.2    Harnish, M.J.3    Johnson, L.F.4
  • 122
    • 0035698273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominant nocturnal acid reflux in patients with Los Angeles grade C and D reflux esophagitis
    • Adachi K, Fujishiro H, Katsube T, et al. Predominant nocturnal acid reflux in patients with Los Angeles grade C and D reflux esophagitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001 16 : 1191 6.
    • (2001) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.16 , pp. 1191-6
    • Adachi, K.1    Fujishiro, H.2    Katsube, T.3
  • 123
    • 0023676254 scopus 로고
    • Esophageal acid clearance during sleep in patients with Barrett's esophagus
    • Orr WC, Lackey C, Robinson MG, Johnson LF, Welsh JD. Esophageal acid clearance during sleep in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Dig Dis Sci 1988 33 : 654 9.
    • (1988) Dig Dis Sci , vol.33 , pp. 654-9
    • Orr, W.C.1    Lackey, C.2    Robinson, M.G.3    Johnson, L.F.4    Welsh, J.D.5
  • 125
    • 0346433966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different patterns of oesophageal acid exposure distinguish complicated reflux disease from either erosive reflux oesophagitis or non-erosive reflux disease
    • Frazzoni M, De Micheli E, Savarino V. Different patterns of oesophageal acid exposure distinguish complicated reflux disease from either erosive reflux oesophagitis or non-erosive reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003 18 : 1091 8.
    • (2003) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.18 , pp. 1091-8
    • Frazzoni, M.1    De Micheli, E.2    Savarino, V.3
  • 126
    • 4644294046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oesophageal and gastric pH profiles in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's oesophagus treated with proton pump inhibitors
    • Gerson LB, Boparai V, Ullah N, Triadafilopoulos G. Oesophageal and gastric pH profiles in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's oesophagus treated with proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 20 : 637 43.
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , pp. 637-43
    • Gerson, L.B.1    Boparai, V.2    Ullah, N.3    Triadafilopoulos, G.4
  • 127
    • 0028267190 scopus 로고
    • The pattern of nocturnal and diurnal esophageal acid exposure in the pathogenesis of erosive mucosal damage
    • Orr WC, Allen ML, Robinson M. The pattern of nocturnal and diurnal esophageal acid exposure in the pathogenesis of erosive mucosal damage. Am J Gastroenterol 1994 89 : 509 12.
    • (1994) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.89 , pp. 509-12
    • Orr, W.C.1    Allen, M.L.2    Robinson, M.3
  • 129
    • 0038796092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nighttime heartburn is an under-appreciated clinical problem that impacts sleep and daytime function: The results of a Gallup survey conducted on behalf of the American Gastroenterological Association
    • Shaker R, Castell DO, Schoenfeld PS, Spechler SJ. Nighttime heartburn is an under-appreciated clinical problem that impacts sleep and daytime function: the results of a Gallup survey conducted on behalf of the American Gastroenterological Association. Am J Gastroenterol 2003 98 : 1487 93.
    • (2003) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.98 , pp. 1487-93
    • Shaker, R.1    Castell, D.O.2    Schoenfeld, P.S.3    Spechler, S.J.4
  • 130
    • 0036163950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations-a pharmacological target for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
    • Hirsch DP, Tytgat GN, Boeckxstaens GE. Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations-a pharmacological target for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002 16 : 17 26.
    • (2002) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.16 , pp. 17-26
    • Hirsch, D.P.1    Tytgat, G.N.2    Boeckxstaens, G.E.3
  • 131
    • 0026008535 scopus 로고
    • Proximal esophageal pH-metry in patients with 'reflux laryngitis'
    • Jacob P, Kahrilas PJ, Herzon G. Proximal esophageal pH-metry in patients with 'reflux laryngitis'. Gastroenterology 1991 100 : 305 10.
    • (1991) Gastroenterology , vol.100 , pp. 305-10
    • Jacob, P.1    Kahrilas, P.J.2    Herzon, G.3
  • 132
    • 0033869712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthma and gastroesophageal reflux
    • Harding SM, Sontag SJ. Asthma and gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Gastroenterol 2000 95 (Suppl. 8 S23 32.
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , Issue.8
    • Harding, S.M.1    Sontag, S.J.2
  • 133
    • 0036155369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory symptoms and nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux: A population-based study of young adults in three European countries
    • Gislason T, Janson C, Vermeire P, et al. Respiratory symptoms and nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study of young adults in three European countries. Chest 2002 121 : 158 63.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 158-63
    • Gislason, T.1    Janson, C.2    Vermeire, P.3
  • 134
    • 0018696342 scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary aspiration: Incidence, functional abnormality, and results of surgical therapy
    • Pellegrini CA, DeMeester TR, Johnson LF, Skinner DB. Gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary aspiration: incidence, functional abnormality, and results of surgical therapy. Surgery 1979 86 : 110 9.
    • (1979) Surgery , vol.86 , pp. 110-9
    • Pellegrini, C.A.1    Demeester, T.R.2    Johnson, L.F.3    Skinner, D.B.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.