메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 1844-1856

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC), the ACTH/melanocortin precursor, is secreted by human epidermal keratinocytes and melanocytes and stimulates melanogenesis

Author keywords

MSH; CRH receptors; Hair follicle melanocytes

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERMEDIN; BETA INTERMEDIN; CELL EXTRACT; CORTICOTROPIN; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; CYCLIC AMP; MELANOCORTIN 1 RECEPTOR; PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN; REGULATOR PROTEIN;

EID: 34249822507     PISSN: 08926638     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7398com     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (153)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0033946195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin releasing hormone and proopiomelanocortin involvement in the cutaneous response to stress
    • Slominski, A., Wortsman, J., Luger, T., Paus, R., and Solomon, S. (2000) Corticotropin releasing hormone and proopiomelanocortin involvement in the cutaneous response to stress. Physiol. Rev. 80, 979-1020
    • (2000) Physiol. Rev , vol.80 , pp. 979-1020
    • Slominski, A.1    Wortsman, J.2    Luger, T.3    Paus, R.4    Solomon, S.5
  • 2
    • 0036125112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proopiomelanocortin processing in the hypothalamus: Impact on melanocortin signalling and obesity
    • Pritchard, L. E., Turnbull, A. V., and White, A. (2002) Proopiomelanocortin processing in the hypothalamus: impact on melanocortin signalling and obesity. J. Endocrinol. 172, 411-421
    • (2002) J. Endocrinol , vol.172 , pp. 411-421
    • Pritchard, L.E.1    Turnbull, A.V.2    White, A.3
  • 3
    • 0037373325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proopiomelanocortin- derived peptides in rat cerebrospinal fluid and hypothalamic extracts: Evidence that secretion is regulated with respect to energy balance
    • Pritchard, L. E., Oliver, R. L., McLoughlin, J. D., Birtles, S., Lawrence, C. B., Turnbull, A. V., and White, A. (2003) Proopiomelanocortin- derived peptides in rat cerebrospinal fluid and hypothalamic extracts: evidence that secretion is regulated with respect to energy balance. Endocrinology 144, 760-766
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 760-766
    • Pritchard, L.E.1    Oliver, R.L.2    McLoughlin, J.D.3    Birtles, S.4    Lawrence, C.B.5    Turnbull, A.V.6    White, A.7
  • 4
    • 0028226717 scopus 로고
    • Differential release of proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides from the human pituitary: Evidence from a panel of two-site immunoradiometric assays
    • Gibson, S., Crosby, S. R., Stewart, M. F., Jennings, A. M., McCall, E., and White, A. (1994) Differential release of proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides from the human pituitary: evidence from a panel of two-site immunoradiometric assays. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78, 835-841
    • (1994) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.78 , pp. 835-841
    • Gibson, S.1    Crosby, S.R.2    Stewart, M.F.3    Jennings, A.M.4    McCall, E.5    White, A.6
  • 5
    • 0031883159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACTH precursors: Biological significance and clinical relevance
    • White, A., and Gibson, S. (1998) ACTH precursors: biological significance and clinical relevance. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 48, 251-255
    • (1998) Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) , vol.48 , pp. 251-255
    • White, A.1    Gibson, S.2
  • 6
    • 0028922749 scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid levels of beta endorphin in painful and painless diabetic polyneuropathy
    • Tsigos, C., Gibson, S., Crosby, S. R., White, A., and Young, R. J. (1995) Cerebrospinal fluid levels of beta endorphin in painful and painless diabetic polyneuropathy. J. Diabetes Complications 9, 92-96
    • (1995) J. Diabetes Complications , vol.9 , pp. 92-96
    • Tsigos, C.1    Gibson, S.2    Crosby, S.R.3    White, A.4    Young, R.J.5
  • 8
    • 0027253377 scopus 로고
    • On the potential role of proopiomelanocortin in skin physiology and pathology
    • Slominski, A., Paus, R., and Wortsman, J. (1993) On the potential role of proopiomelanocortin in skin physiology and pathology. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 93, C1-C6
    • (1993) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol , vol.93
    • Slominski, A.1    Paus, R.2    Wortsman, J.3
  • 9
    • 0028568656 scopus 로고
    • Proopiomelanocortin production by epidermal cells: Evidence for an immune neuroendocrine network in the epidermis
    • Bhardwaj, R. S., and Luger, T. A. (1994) Proopiomelanocortin production by epidermal cells: evidence for an immune neuroendocrine network in the epidermis. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 287, 85-90
    • (1994) Arch. Dermatol. Res , vol.287 , pp. 85-90
    • Bhardwaj, R.S.1    Luger, T.A.2
  • 10
    • 0031242973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of ACTH peptides in human skin and their activation of the melanocortin-1 receptor
    • Wakamatsu, K., Graham, A., Cook, D., and Thody, A. J. (1997) Characterisation of ACTH peptides in human skin and their activation of the melanocortin-1 receptor. Pigment Cell Res. 10, 288-297
    • (1997) Pigment Cell Res , vol.10 , pp. 288-297
    • Wakamatsu, K.1    Graham, A.2    Cook, D.3    Thody, A.J.4
  • 14
    • 0033045948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) peptides in skin of basal cell carcinoma patients
    • Slominski, A., Heasley, D., Mazurkiewicz, J. E., Ermak, G., Baker, J., and Carlson, J. A. (1999) Expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) peptides in skin of basal cell carcinoma patients. Hum. Pathol. 30, 208-215
    • (1999) Hum. Pathol , vol.30 , pp. 208-215
    • Slominski, A.1    Heasley, D.2    Mazurkiewicz, J.E.3    Ermak, G.4    Baker, J.5    Carlson, J.A.6
  • 15
    • 0030005810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proopiomelanocortin gene product regulation in keratinocytes
    • Wintzen, M., Yaar, M., Burbach, J. P., and Gilchrest, B. A. (1996) Proopiomelanocortin gene product regulation in keratinocytes. J. Invest. Dermatol. 106, 673-678
    • (1996) J. Invest. Dermatol , vol.106 , pp. 673-678
    • Wintzen, M.1    Yaar, M.2    Burbach, J.P.3    Gilchrest, B.A.4
  • 17
    • 0033946233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal expression, distribution, and processing of POMC and POMC-derived peptides in murine skin
    • Mazurkiewicz, J. E., Corliss, D., and Slominski, A. (2000) Spatiotemporal expression, distribution, and processing of POMC and POMC-derived peptides in murine skin. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 48, 905-914
    • (2000) J. Histochem. Cytochem , vol.48 , pp. 905-914
    • Mazurkiewicz, J.E.1    Corliss, D.2    Slominski, A.3
  • 18
    • 3142632953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro-opiomelanocortin-related peptides, prohormone convertases 1 and 2 and the regulatory peptide 7B2 are present in melanosomes of human melanocytes
    • Peters, E. M., Tobin, D. J., Seidah, N. G., and Schallreuter, K. U. (2000) Pro-opiomelanocortin-related peptides, prohormone convertases 1 and 2 and the regulatory peptide 7B2 are present in melanosomes of human melanocytes. J. Invest. Dermatol. 114, 430-437
    • (2000) J. Invest. Dermatol , vol.114 , pp. 430-437
    • Peters, E.M.1    Tobin, D.J.2    Seidah, N.G.3    Schallreuter, K.U.4
  • 20
    • 12344274263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fully functional proopiomelanocortin/melanocortin-1 receptor system regulates the differentiation of human scalp hair follicle melanocytes
    • Kauser, S., Thody, A. J., Schallreuter, K. U., Gummer, C. L., and Tobin, D. J. (2005) A fully functional proopiomelanocortin/melanocortin-1 receptor system regulates the differentiation of human scalp hair follicle melanocytes. Endocrinology 146, 532-543
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 532-543
    • Kauser, S.1    Thody, A.J.2    Schallreuter, K.U.3    Gummer, C.L.4    Tobin, D.J.5
  • 21
    • 25144443338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of functionally active melanocortin receptors and evidence for an immunoregulatory activity of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in human dermal papilla cells
    • Bohm, M., Eickelmann, M., Li, Z., Schneider, S. W., Oji, V., Diederichs, S., Barsh, G. S., Vogt, A., Stieler, K., Blume-Peytavi, U., and Luger, T. A. (2005) Detection of functionally active melanocortin receptors and evidence for an immunoregulatory activity of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in human dermal papilla cells. Endocrinology 146, 4635-4646
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 4635-4646
    • Bohm, M.1    Eickelmann, M.2    Li, Z.3    Schneider, S.W.4    Oji, V.5    Diederichs, S.6    Barsh, G.S.7    Vogt, A.8    Stieler, K.9    Blume-Peytavi, U.10    Luger, T.A.11
  • 22
    • 0842303562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agouti-related protein (83-132) is a competitive antagonist at the human melanocortin-4 receptor: No evidence for differential interactions with pro-opiomelanocortin- derived ligands
    • Pritchard, L. E., Armstrong, D., Davies, N., Oliver, R. L., Schmitz, C. A., Brennand, J. C., Wilkinson, G. F., and White, A. (2004) Agouti-related protein (83-132) is a competitive antagonist at the human melanocortin-4 receptor: no evidence for differential interactions with pro-opiomelanocortin- derived ligands. J. Endocrinol. 180, 183-191
    • (2004) J. Endocrinol , vol.180 , pp. 183-191
    • Pritchard, L.E.1    Armstrong, D.2    Davies, N.3    Oliver, R.L.4    Schmitz, C.A.5    Brennand, J.C.6    Wilkinson, G.F.7    White, A.8
  • 23
    • 0028237203 scopus 로고
    • The human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor has evolved to become "super-sensitive" to melanocortin peptides
    • Mountjoy, K. G. (1994) The human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor has evolved to become "super-sensitive" to melanocortin peptides. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 102, R7-R11
    • (1994) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol , vol.102
    • Mountjoy, K.G.1
  • 24
    • 34249795927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin peptides and their control of skin pigmentation
    • Ortonne, J. P, and Ballotti, R, eds Martin Dunitz, London
    • Ancans, J., Tsatmali, M., Hoogduijn, M. J., and Thody, A. J. (2002) Melanocortin peptides and their control of skin pigmentation. In Mechanisms of Suntanning (Ortonne, J. P., and Ballotti, R., eds) Martin Dunitz, London
    • (2002) Mechanisms of Suntanning
    • Ancans, J.1    Tsatmali, M.2    Hoogduijn, M.J.3    Thody, A.J.4
  • 25
    • 0031838353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans
    • Krude, H., Biebermann, H., Luck, W., Horn, R., Brabant, G., and Gruters, A. (1998) Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nat. Genet. 19, 155-157
    • (1998) Nat. Genet , vol.19 , pp. 155-157
    • Krude, H.1    Biebermann, H.2    Luck, W.3    Horn, R.4    Brabant, G.5    Gruters, A.6
  • 26
    • 36949078628 scopus 로고
    • Effect of alpha- and betamelanocyte stimulating hormones on the skin colour of man
    • Lerner, A. B., and McGuire, J. S. (1961) Effect of alpha- and betamelanocyte stimulating hormones on the skin colour of man. Nature 189, 176-179
    • (1961) Nature , vol.189 , pp. 176-179
    • Lerner, A.B.1    McGuire, J.S.2
  • 27
    • 0842291543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of a cutaneous corticotropin- releasing hormone system
    • Slominski, A., Pisarchik, A., Tobin, D. J., Mazurkiewicz, J. E., and Wortsman, J. (2004) Differential expression of a cutaneous corticotropin- releasing hormone system. Endocrinology 145, 941-950
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 941-950
    • Slominski, A.1    Pisarchik, A.2    Tobin, D.J.3    Mazurkiewicz, J.E.4    Wortsman, J.5
  • 28
    • 0029085904 scopus 로고
    • Elevated levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) precursors in post-adrenalectomy Cushing's disease and their regulation by glucocorticoids
    • Ray, D. W., Gibson, S., Crosby, S. R., Davies, D., Davis, J. R., and White, A. (1995) Elevated levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) precursors in post-adrenalectomy Cushing's disease and their regulation by glucocorticoids. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80, 2430-2436
    • (1995) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.80 , pp. 2430-2436
    • Ray, D.W.1    Gibson, S.2    Crosby, S.R.3    Davies, D.4    Davis, J.R.5    White, A.6
  • 29
    • 0028177933 scopus 로고
    • Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and its analogue Nle4DPhe7 alpha-MSH affect morphology, tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes
    • Hunt, G., Todd, C., Cresswell, J. E., and Thody, A. J. (1994) Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and its analogue Nle4DPhe7 alpha-MSH affect morphology, tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes. J. Cell Sci. 107, 205-211
    • (1994) J. Cell Sci , vol.107 , pp. 205-211
    • Hunt, G.1    Todd, C.2    Cresswell, J.E.3    Thody, A.J.4
  • 30
    • 0028209448 scopus 로고
    • ACTH stimulates melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes
    • Hunt, G., Todd, C., Kyne, S., and Thody, A. J. (1994) ACTH stimulates melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes. J. Endocrinol. 140, R1-R3
    • (1994) J. Endocrinol , vol.140
    • Hunt, G.1    Todd, C.2    Kyne, S.3    Thody, A.J.4
  • 32
    • 0024265001 scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of the precursors of adrenocorticotropin in human plasma by two-site immunoradiometric assay
    • Crosby, S. R., Stewart, M. F., Ratcliffe, J. G., and White, A. (1988) Direct measurement of the precursors of adrenocorticotropin in human plasma by two-site immunoradiometric assay. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67, 1272-1277
    • (1988) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.67 , pp. 1272-1277
    • Crosby, S.R.1    Stewart, M.F.2    Ratcliffe, J.G.3    White, A.4
  • 33
    • 17044374014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRH stimulates POMC activity and corticosterone production in dermal fibroblasts
    • Slominski, A., Zbytek, B., Semak, I., Sweatman, T., and Wortsman, J. (2005) CRH stimulates POMC activity and corticosterone production in dermal fibroblasts. J. Neuroimmunol. 162, 97-102
    • (2005) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.162 , pp. 97-102
    • Slominski, A.1    Zbytek, B.2    Semak, I.3    Sweatman, T.4    Wortsman, J.5
  • 34
    • 33744454426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the human hair follicle pigmentary unit by corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin peptides
    • Kauser, S., Slominski, A., Wei, E. T., and Tobin, D. J. (2006) Modulation of the human hair follicle pigmentary unit by corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin peptides. FASEB J. 20, 882-895
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20 , pp. 882-895
    • Kauser, S.1    Slominski, A.2    Wei, E.T.3    Tobin, D.J.4
  • 35
    • 0028814061 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and long-term culture of human hair-follicle melanocytes
    • Tobin, D. J., Colen, S. R., and Bystryn, J. C. (1995) Isolation and long-term culture of human hair-follicle melanocytes. J. Invest. Dermatol. 104, 86-89
    • (1995) J. Invest. Dermatol , vol.104 , pp. 86-89
    • Tobin, D.J.1    Colen, S.R.2    Bystryn, J.C.3
  • 37
    • 0018089709 scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin, lipotropin, and beta-endorphin production by a human nonpituitary tumor in culture: Evidence for a common precursor
    • Bertagna, X. Y., Nicholson, W. E., Sorenson, G. D., Pettengill, O. S., Mount, C. D., and Orth, D. N. (1978) Corticotropin, lipotropin, and beta-endorphin production by a human nonpituitary tumor in culture: evidence for a common precursor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 75, 5160-5164
    • (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A , vol.75 , pp. 5160-5164
    • Bertagna, X.Y.1    Nicholson, W.E.2    Sorenson, G.D.3    Pettengill, O.S.4    Mount, C.D.5    Orth, D.N.6
  • 38
    • 0023153371 scopus 로고
    • Clinical evaluation of a two-site immunoradiometric assay for adrenocorticotrophin in unextracted human plasma using monoclonal antibodies
    • White, A., Smith, H., Hoadley, M., Dobson, S. H., and Ratcliffe, J. G. (1987) Clinical evaluation of a two-site immunoradiometric assay for adrenocorticotrophin in unextracted human plasma using monoclonal antibodies. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 26, 41-51
    • (1987) Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) , vol.26 , pp. 41-51
    • White, A.1    Smith, H.2    Hoadley, M.3    Dobson, S.H.4    Ratcliffe, J.G.5
  • 39
    • 0032123508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D-amino acid-substituted analogs of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and urocortin with selective agonist activity at CRH1 and CRH2beta receptors
    • Wei, E. T., Thomas, H. A., Christian, H. C., Buckingham, J. C., and Kishimoto, T. (1998) D-amino acid-substituted analogs of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and urocortin with selective agonist activity at CRH1 and CRH2beta receptors. Peptides 19, 1183-1190
    • (1998) Peptides , vol.19 , pp. 1183-1190
    • Wei, E.T.1    Thomas, H.A.2    Christian, H.C.3    Buckingham, J.C.4    Kishimoto, T.5
  • 40
    • 23444462244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human hair follicles display a functional equivalent of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and synthesize cortisol
    • Ito, N., Ito, T., Kromminga, A., Bettermann, A., Takigawa, M., Kees, F., Straub, R. H., and Paus, R. (2005) Human hair follicles display a functional equivalent of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and synthesize cortisol. FASEB J. 19, 1332-1334
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , pp. 1332-1334
    • Ito, N.1    Ito, T.2    Kromminga, A.3    Bettermann, A.4    Takigawa, M.5    Kees, F.6    Straub, R.H.7    Paus, R.8
  • 41
    • 0024382325 scopus 로고
    • Small cell lung cancer cell lines secrete predominantly ACTH precursor peptides not ACTH
    • Stewart, M. F., Crosby, S. R., Gibson, S., Twentyman, P. R., and White, A. (1989) Small cell lung cancer cell lines secrete predominantly ACTH precursor peptides not ACTH. Br. J. Cancer 60, 20-24
    • (1989) Br. J. Cancer , vol.60 , pp. 20-24
    • Stewart, M.F.1    Crosby, S.R.2    Gibson, S.3    Twentyman, P.R.4    White, A.5
  • 43
    • 0037713158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significance of the melanocortin 1 receptor in regulating human melanocyte pigmentation, proliferation, and survival
    • Kadekaro, A. L., Kanto, H., Kavanagh, R., and Abdel-Malek, Z. A. (2003) Significance of the melanocortin 1 receptor in regulating human melanocyte pigmentation, proliferation, and survival. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 994, 359-365
    • (2003) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , vol.994 , pp. 359-365
    • Kadekaro, A.L.1    Kanto, H.2    Kavanagh, R.3    Abdel-Malek, Z.A.4
  • 44
    • 0026553333 scopus 로고
    • Melanotropic activity of gamma MSH peptides in melanoma cells
    • Slominski, A., Costantino, R., Wortsman, J., Paus, R., and Ling, N. (1992) Melanotropic activity of gamma MSH peptides in melanoma cells. Life Sci. 50, 1103-1108
    • (1992) Life Sci , vol.50 , pp. 1103-1108
    • Slominski, A.1    Costantino, R.2    Wortsman, J.3    Paus, R.4    Ling, N.5
  • 45
    • 0001466640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production and release of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptides by human melanocytes and keratinocytes in culture: Regulation by ultraviolet B
    • Chakraborty, A. K., Funasaka, Y., Slominski, A., Ermak, G., Hwang, J., Pawelek, J. M., and Ichihashi, M. (1996) Production and release of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptides by human melanocytes and keratinocytes in culture: regulation by ultraviolet B. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1313, 130-138
    • (1996) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1313 , pp. 130-138
    • Chakraborty, A.K.1    Funasaka, Y.2    Slominski, A.3    Ermak, G.4    Hwang, J.5    Pawelek, J.M.6    Ichihashi, M.7
  • 46
    • 0028870606 scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid regulates oral epithelial differentiation by two mechanisms
    • Kautsky, M. B., Fleckman, P., and Dale, B. A. (1995) Retinoic acid regulates oral epithelial differentiation by two mechanisms. J. Invest. Dermatol. 104, 546-553
    • (1995) J. Invest. Dermatol , vol.104 , pp. 546-553
    • Kautsky, M.B.1    Fleckman, P.2    Dale, B.A.3
  • 47
    • 0028027820 scopus 로고
    • Extracellular matrix derived from hair and skin fibroblasts stimulates human skin melanocyte tyrosinase activity
    • Buffey, J. A., Messenger, A. G., Taylor, M., Ashcroft, A. T., Westgate, G. E., and MacNeil, S. (1994) Extracellular matrix derived from hair and skin fibroblasts stimulates human skin melanocyte tyrosinase activity. Br. J. Dermatol. 131, 836-842
    • (1994) Br. J. Dermatol , vol.131 , pp. 836-842
    • Buffey, J.A.1    Messenger, A.G.2    Taylor, M.3    Ashcroft, A.T.4    Westgate, G.E.5    MacNeil, S.6
  • 49
    • 0031784758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of constitutive and constitutive-like secretion in semi-intact pituitary cells
    • Dumermuth, E., and Moore, H-P. (1998) Analysis of constitutive and constitutive-like secretion in semi-intact pituitary cells. Methods 16, 188-197
    • (1998) Methods , vol.16 , pp. 188-197
    • Dumermuth, E.1    Moore, H.-P.2
  • 50
    • 0035967874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a serine protease that cleaves pro-gammamelanotropin at the adrenal to stimulate growth
    • Bicknell, A. B., Lomthaisong, K., Woods, R. J., Hutchinson, E. G., Bennett, H. P., Gladwell, R. T., and Lowry, P. J. (2001) Characterization of a serine protease that cleaves pro-gammamelanotropin at the adrenal to stimulate growth. Cell 105, 903-912
    • (2001) Cell , vol.105 , pp. 903-912
    • Bicknell, A.B.1    Lomthaisong, K.2    Woods, R.J.3    Hutchinson, E.G.4    Bennett, H.P.5    Gladwell, R.T.6    Lowry, P.J.7
  • 51
    • 0032174943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does alpha-MSH have a role in regulating skin pigmentation in humans?
    • Thody, A. J., and Graham, A. (1998) Does alpha-MSH have a role in regulating skin pigmentation in humans? Pigment Cell Res. 11, 265-274
    • (1998) Pigment Cell Res , vol.11 , pp. 265-274
    • Thody, A.J.1    Graham, A.2
  • 52
    • 0029348767 scopus 로고
    • Eumelanin and phaeomelanin contents of human epidermis and cultured melanocytes
    • Hunt, G., Kyne, S., Ito, S., Wakamatsu, K., Todd, C., and Thody, A. (1995) Eumelanin and phaeomelanin contents of human epidermis and cultured melanocytes. Pigment Cell Res. 8, 202-208
    • (1995) Pigment Cell Res , vol.8 , pp. 202-208
    • Hunt, G.1    Kyne, S.2    Ito, S.3    Wakamatsu, K.4    Todd, C.5    Thody, A.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.