Persistent elevation of liver function enzymes within the reference range is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental

Volumn 56, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 792-798

  Patel, Dharmendrakumar A ^a   Srinivasan, Sathanur R ^a   Xu, Ji Hua ^a   Chen, Wei ^a   Berenson, Gerald S ^a  

^a Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INSULIN; LIVER ENZYME; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EDUCATION PROGRAM; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIVER FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ADULT; ALANINE TRANSAMINASE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; HUMANS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIVER DISEASES; MALE; REFERENCE VALUES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 34248579739     PISSN: 00260495     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.01.010     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Angulo P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 346 (2002) 1221-1231
2. Bloomgarden Z.T. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and malignancy as complications of insulin resistance. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 3 (2005) 316-327
3. Marchesini G., Brizi M., Bianchi G., Tomassetti S., Bugianesi E., Lenzi M., et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a feature of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 50 (2001) 1844-1850
4. Angelico F., Del Ben M., Conti R., Francioso S., Feole K., Maccioni D., et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver syndrome: a hepatic consequence of common metabolic diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18 (2003) 588-594
5. Cortez-Pinto H., Camilo M.E., Baptista A., et al. Non alcoholic fatty liver: another feature of the metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 18 (1999) 353-358
6. Clark J.M., Brancati F.L., and Diehl A.M. The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 98 (2003) 960-967
7. Clark J.M., and Diehl A.M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an underrecognized cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis. JAMA 289 (2003) 3000-3004
8. Hanley A.J.G., Williams A., Festa A., Wagenknecht L.E., D'Agostino Jr. R.B., and Haffner S.M. Liver markers and development of the metabolic syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes 54 (2005) 3140-3147
9. Marchesini G., Avagnina S., Barantani E.G., Ciccarone A.M., Corica F., Dall'Aglio E., et al. Aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase levels in obesity are associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 28 (2005) 333-339
10. Nannipieri M., Gonzales C., Baldi S., Posadas R., Williams K., Haffner S.M., et al. Liver enzymes, the metabolic syndrome, and incident diabetes: the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 28 (2005) 1757-1762
11. Liangpunsakul S., and Chalasani N. Unexplained elevations in alanine amino transferase in individuals with the metabolic syndrome: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III). Am J Med Sci 329 (2005) 111-116
12. Sattar N., Scherbakova O., Ford I., O'Reilly D.S., Stanley A., Forrest E., et al. Elevated alanine aminotransferase predicts new-onset type 2 diabetes independently of classical risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and C-reactive protein in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. Diabetes 53 (2004) 2855-2860
13. Lee D.H., Jacobs Jr. D.R., Gross M., Kiefe C.I., Roseman J., Lewis C.E., et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is a predictor of incident diabetes and hypertension: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Clin Chem 49 (2003) 1358-1366
14. The Bogalusa Heart Study 20th anniversary symposium. Am J Med Sci Suppl 1 (1995) S1-S138
15. Srinivasan S.R., and Berenson G.S. Serum lipoproteins in children and methods for study. In: Lewis L.A. (Ed). Handbook of electrophoresis (1983), CRC, Boca Raton (Fla) 185-204
16. Matthews D.R., Hosker J.P., Rudenski A.S., Naylor B.A., Treacher D.F., and Turner R.C. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28 (1985) 412-419
17. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285 (2001) 2486-2497
18. Webber L.S., Srinivasan S.R., Wattigney W.A., and Berenson G.S. Tracking of serum lipids and lipoproteins from childhood to adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 133 (1991) 884-889
19. Lauer R.M., Lee J., and Clarke W.R. Factors affecting the relationship between childhood and adult cholesterol: the Muscatine Study. Pediatrics 82 (1988) 309-318
20. Bao W., Threefoot S., Srinivasan S.R., and Berenson G.S. Essential hypertension predicted by tracking of elevated blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 8 (1995) 657-665
21. Bao W., Srinivasan S.R., Wattigney W., and Berenson G.S. Persistence of multiple cardiovascular risk clustering related to syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Arch Intern Med 154 (1994) 1842-1847
22. Reaven G.M. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37 (1998) 1595-1607
23. DeFronzo R.A., and Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care 14 (1991) 173-194
24. Sanyal A.J., Campbell-Sargent C., Mirshahi F., Rizzo W.B., Contos M.J., Sterling R.K., et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities. Gastroenterology 120 (2001) 1183-1192
25. Banerji M.A., Buckley M.C., Chaiken R.L., Gordon D., Lebovitz H.E., and Kral J.G. Liver fat, serum triglycerides and visceral adipose tissue in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant black men with NIDDM. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 19 (1995) 846-850
26. Sanyal A.J., and American Gastroenterological Association. AGA technical review on alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 123 (2002) 1705-1725
27. Diraison F., Moulin P., and Beylot M. Contribution of hepatic de novo lipogenesis and reesterification of plasma non esterified fatty acids to plasma triglyceride synthesis during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes Metab 29 (2003) 478-485
28. Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M., Rosenbaum M., Leibel R.L., and Ferrante Jr. A.W. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest 112 (2003) 1796-1808
29. Matsuzawa Y., Funahashi T., Kihara S., and Shimomura I. Adiponectin and metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24 (2004) 29-33
30. Kern P.A., Di Gregorio G.B., Lu T., Rassouli N., and Ranganathan G. Adiponectin expression from human adipose tissue-relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression. Diabetes 52 (2003) 1779-1785
31. Weltman M.D., Farell G.C., Hall P., Ingelman-Sundberg M., and Liddle C. Hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 is increased in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 27 (1998) 128-133
32. Stranges S., Maurizio T., Dorn J.M., Dmochowski J., and Donahue R.P. Body fat distribution, liver enzymes, and risk of hypertension: evidence from the Western New York Study. Hypertension 46 (2005) 1186-1193
33. Ikai E., Honda R., and Yamada Y. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level and blood pressure in non drinkers: a possible pathogenetic role of fatty liver in obesity-related hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 8 (1994) 95-100
34. Whitfield J.B. Gamma glutamyl transferase. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 38 (2001) 263-355
35. Stark A.A. Oxidative metabolism of glutathione by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and peroxisome proliferation: the relevance to hepatocarcinogenesis. A hypothesis. Mutagenesis 6 (1991) 241-245
36. Orie N.N., Zidek W., and Tepel M. Reactive oxygen species in essential hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Hypertens 12 (1999) 1169-1174
37. Barrett-Connor E., and Khaw K. Family history of heart attach as an independent predictor of deaths due to cardiovascular disease. Circulation 6 (1984) 1065-1069
38. Knowler W.C., Pettitt D.J., Savage P.J., and Bennett P.J. Diabetes incidence in Pima Indians: contributions of obesity and parental diabetes. Am. J. Epidemiol 113 (1981) 144-156
39. Burke G.L., Savage P.J., Sprafka J.M., Selby J.V., Jacobs Jr. D.R., Perkins L.L., et al. Relation of risk factor levels in young adulthood to parental history of disease. The CARDIA study. Circulation 84 (1991) 1176-1187
40. Bao W., Srinivasan S.R., Valdez R., Greenlund K.J., Wattigney W.A., and Berenson G.S. Longitudinal changes in cardiovascular risk from childhood to young adulthood in offspring of parents with coronary artery disease: the Bogalusa Heart Study. JAMA 278 (1991) 1749-1754
41. Forde O.H., and Thelle D.S. The Tromso heart study: risk factors for coronary heart disease related to the occurrence of myocardial infarction in first degree relatives. Am. J. Epidemiol 105 (1977) 192-199
42. Greenlund K.J., Valdez R., Bao W., Wattigney W.A., Srinivasan S.R., and Berenson G.S. Verification of parental history of coronary artery disease and associations with adult offspring risk factors in a community sample: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Med Sci 313 (1997) 220-227
43. Mokdad A.H., Serdula M.K., Dietz W.H., Bowman B.A., Marks J.S., and Koplan J.P. The spread of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991-1998. JAMA 282 (1999) 1519-1522
44. Flegal K.M., Caroll M.D., Ogden C.L., and Johnson C.L. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA 288 (2002) 1723-1727
45. Ioannou G.N., Boyko E.J., and Lee S.P. The prevalence and predictors of elevated serum aminotransferase activity in the United States in 1999-2002. Am J Gastroenterol 101 (2006) 76-82
46. Ford E.S., Giles W.H., and Dietz W.H. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 287 (2002) 356-359