Hypnosis and surgery: Past, present, and future

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 104, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 1199-1208

  Wobst, Albrecht H K ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Department of Anesthesiology ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALFENTANIL; DIAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM;

ABDOMINAL SURGERY; ACUPUNCTURE; ANALGESIA; ANXIETY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; EVOKED RESPONSE; GENERAL SURGERY; HEAD AND NECK SURGERY; HEART SURGERY; HEMORRHOIDECTOMY; HUMAN; HYPNOSIS; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; KNEE ARTHROSCOPY; MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY; NOCICEPTION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PLASTIC SURGERY; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIAL KERATOTOMY; REVIEW; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; THYROID SURGERY;

FORECASTING; HUMANS; HYPNOSIS; HYPNOSIS, ANESTHETIC; SURGICAL PROCEDURES, OPERATIVE;

EID: 34247539830     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000260616.49050.6d     Document Type: Review

References (93)

1. Mesmer FA. Schreiben über die Magnetkur von Herrn A. Mesmer, Doktor der Arzneygelährtheit, an einen auswärtigen Arzt. Wien: Kurzböck, 1775.
2. Riskin JD, Frankel FH. A history of medical hypnosis. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1994;17:601-9.
3. Braid J. Neurhypnology, or the rationale of nervous sleep considered in relation with animal magnetism. London: Churchill, 1843.
4. Gravitz MA. Early theories of hypnosis: a clinical perspective. In: Lynn SJ, Rhue JW, eds. Theories of hypnosis: current models and perspectives. New York: Guilford Press, 1991:19-42.
5. Gravitz MA. Etienne Felix d'Henin de Cuvillers: a founder of hypnosis. Am J Clin Hypn 1993;36:7-11.
6. Orne MT. The construct of hypnosis: implications of the definition for research and practice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1977;296:14-33.
7. Rosen G. History of hypnosis. In: Schneck J, ed. Hypnosis in modern medicine. Springfield: Charles C Thomas, 1953;3-27.
8. Blankfield RP. Suggestion, relaxation, and hypnosis as adjuncts in the care of surgery patients: review of the literature. Am J Clin Hypn 1991;33:172-86.
9. Esdaile J. Mesmerism in India, and its practical application in surgery and medicine. New York: Arno Press, 1976 (reprint of 1846 ed. Published by Longman, London).
10. Collins VJ. Principles of anesthesiology. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1976.
11. Report of a Subcommittee appointed by the Psychological Med Group Committee of the Br Medical Association. Medical use of hypnotism. BMJ 1955;1:190-3.
12. Rosen H. Hypnosis-applications and misapplications. JAMA 1960;172:683-7.
13. Faymonville ME, Mambourg PH, Joris J, et al. Psychological approaches during conscious sedation. Hypnosis versus stress reducing strategies: a prospective randomized study. Pain 1997;73:361-7.
14. Faymonville ME, Fissette J, Mambourg PH, et al. Hypnosis as adjunct therapy in conscious sedation for plastic surgery. Reg Anesth 1995;20:145-51.
15. Meurisse M, Hamoir E, Defechereux T, et al. Bilateral neck exploration under hypnosedation. A new standard of care in primary hyperparathyroidism. Ann Surg 1999;229:401- 8.
16. Defechereux T, Degauque C, Fumal I, et al. Hypnosedation, a new method of anesthesia for cervical endocrine surgery. Prospective randomized study. Ann Chir 2000;125:539-46.
17. Lang EV, Benotsch EG, Fick LJ, et al. Adjunctive nonpharmacological analgesia for invasive medical procedures: a randomised trial. Lancet 2000;355:1486-90.
18. Li CL, Ahlberg D, Landsdell M, et al. Acupuncture and hypnosis: effects on induced pain. Exp Neurol 1975;49:281-90.
19. Stern JA, Brown M, Ulett A, Sletten I. A comparison of hypnosis, acupuncture, morphine, valium, aspirin and placebo in the management of experimentally induced pain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1977;296:175-93.
20. Moret V, Forster A, Laverrière MC, et al. Mechanism of analgesia induced by hypnosis and acupuncture: is there a difference. Pain 1991;45:135-40.
21. Meier W, Klucken M, Soyka D, Bromm B. Hypnotic hypo- and hyperalgesia: divergent effects on pain ratings and pain-related cerebral potentials. Pain 1993;53:175-81.
22. Price DD, Barber J. An analysis of factors that contribute to the efficacy of hypnotic analgesia. J Abnorm Psychol 1987;96:46-51.
23. Goldstein A, Hilgard ER. Failure of the opiate antagonist naloxone to modify hypnotic analgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1975;72:2041-3.
24. Spiegel D, Albert LH. Naloxone fails to reverse hypnotic alleviation of chronic pain. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1983;81:140-3.
25. Danzinger N, Fournier E, Bouhassira D, et al. Different strategies of modulation can be operative during hypnotic analgesia: a neurophysiological study. Pain 1998;75:85-92.
26. Willer JC, Bouhassira D, Le Bars D. Neurophysiological basis of the counterirritation phenomenon: diffuse control inhibitors induced by nociceptive stimulation. Neurophysiol Clin 1999;29:379-400.
27. Sandrini G, Milanov I, Malaguti S, et al. Effects of hypnosis on diffuse noxious inhibitory controls. Physiol Behav 2000;69:295-300.
28. Ingvar M. Pain and functional imaging. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1999;354:1347-58.
29. Bushnell MC, Duncan GH, Hofbauer RK, et al. Pain perception: is there a role for primary somatosensory cortex? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:7705-9.
30. Kanda M, Nagamine T, Ikeda A, et al. Primary somatosensory cortex is actively involved in pain processing in human. Brain Res 2000;853:282-9.
31. Kulkarni B, Bentely DE, Elliott R, et al. Attention to pain localization and unpleasantness discriminates the functions of the medial and lateral pain systems. Eur J Neurosci 2005;21:3133-42.
32. Hofbauer RK, Rainville P, Duncan GH, Bushnell MC. Cortical representation of the sensory dimension of pain. J Neurophysiol 2001;86:402-11.
33. Raineville P, Duncan GH, Price DD, et al. Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulated but not somatosensory cortex. Science 1997;277:968-71.
34. Rainville P, Carrier B, Hofbauer RK, et al. Dissociation of sensory and affective dimensions of pain using hypnotic modulation. Pain 1999;82:159-71.
35. Peyron R, Garcia-Larrea L, Gregoire MC, et al. Haemodynamic brain responses to acute pain in humans: sensory and attentional networks. Brain 1999;122:1765-80.
36. Peyron R, Laurent B, Garcia-Larrea L. Functional imaging of brain responses to pain. A review and meta-analysis. Neurophysiol Clin 2000;30:263-88.
37. Tölle TR, Kaufmann T, Siessmeier T, et al. Region-specific encoding of sensory and affective components of pain in the human brain: a positron emission tomography correlation analysis. Ann Neurol 1999;45:40-7.
38. Vogt BA, Berger GR, Derbyshire SW. Structural and functional dichotomy of human midcingulate cortex. Eur J Neurosci 2003;18:3134-44.
39. Vogt BA, Derbyshire S, Jones AK. Pain processing in four regions of human cingulate cortex localized with co-registered PET and MR imaging. Eur J Neurosci 1996;8:1461-73.
40. Coghill RC, Sang CN, Maisog JM, Iadarola MJ. Pain intensity processing within the human brain: a bilateral, distributed mechanism. J Neurophysiol 1999;82:1934-43.
41. Craig AD. Pain mechanisms: labeled lines versus convergence in central processing. Annu Rev Neurosci 2003;26:1-30.
42. Brooks JC, Nurmikko TJ, Bimson WE, et al. fMRI of thermal pain: effects of stimulus laterality and attention. Neuroimage 2002;15:294-301.
43. Singer T, Seymour B, O'Doherty J, et al. Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain. Science 2004;303:1157-62.
44. Derbyshire SW, Jones AK, Gyulai F, et al. Pain processing during three levels of noxious stimulation produces differential patterns of central activity. Pain 1997;73:431-45.
45. Bingel U, Quante M, Knab R, et al. Single trial f MRI reveals significant contralateral bias in responses to laser pain within thalamus and somatosensory cortices. Neuroimage 2003;18:740-8.
46. Rainville P, Duncan GH, Price DD, et al. Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulate but not somatosensory cortex. Science 1997;277:68-71.
47. Faymonville ME, Laureys S, Degueldre C, et al. Neural mechanisms of antinociceptive effects of hypnosis. Anesthesiology 2000;92:1257-67.
48. Schulz-Stubner S, Krings T, Meister IG, et al. Clinical hypnosis modulates functional magnetic resonance imaging signal intensities and pain perception in a thermal stimulation paradigm. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:549-56.
49. Kropotov JD, Crawford HJ, Polyakov YI. Somatosensory event-related potential changes to painful stimuli during hypnotic analgesia: anterior cingulate cortex and anterior temporal cortex intracranial recordings. Int J Psychophysiol 1997;27:1-8.
50. Crawford HJ, Knebel T, Kaplan L, et al. Hypnotic analgesia: 1. Somatosensory event-related potential changes to noxious stimuli and 2. Transfer learning to reduce chronic low back pain. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1998;46:92-132.
51. De Pascalis V, Magurano MR, Bellusci A. Pain perception, somatosensory event-related potentials and skin conductance responses to painful stimuli in high, mid, and low hypnotizable subjects: effects of differential pain reduction strategies. Pain 1999;83:499-508.
52. Zachariae R, Bjerring P. Laser-induced pain-related brain potentials and sensory pain ratings in high and low hypnotizable subjects during hypnotic suggestions of relaxation, dissociated imagery, focused analgesia, and placebo. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1994;42:56-80.
53. Horton JE, Crawford HJ, Harrington G, Downs JH III. Increased anterior corpus callosum size associated positively with hypnotizability and the ability to control pain. Brain 2004;127:1741-7.
54. Evans C, Richardson PH. Improved recovery and reduced postoperative stay after therapeutic suggestion under general anesthesia. Lancet 1988;2:491-3.
55. Liu WH, Standen PJ, Aitkenhead AR. Therapeutic suggestions during general anaesthesia in patients undergoing hysterectomy. Br J Anaesth 1992;68:277-81.
56. Millar K. Efficacy of therapeutic suggestions presented during anaesthesia: re-analysis of conflicting results. Br J Anaesth 1993;71:597-601.
57. Nilsson U, Rawal N, Unestahl LE, et al. Improved recovery after music and therapeutic suggestions during general anaesthesia: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2001;45:812-17.
58. Dawson PR, Van Hammel C, Wilkinson D, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia and intra-operative suggestion. Anaesthesia 2001;56:1118-19.
59. Williams AR, Hind M, Sweeney BP, Fisher R. The incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients exposed to positive intra-operative suggestions. Anaesthesia 1994;49:340-2.
60. Block RI, Ghoneim MM, Sum Ping ST, Ali MA. Efficacy of therapeutic suggestions for improved postoperative recovery presented during general anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1991;75:746-55.
61. Blankfield RP, Zyzanski SJ, Flocke SA, et al. Taped therapeutic suggestions and taped music as adjuncts in the care of coronary-artery-bypass patients. Am J Clin Hypn 1995;37:32-42.
62. Lebovits AH, Twersky R, McEwan B. Intraoperative therapeutic suggestions in day-case-surgery: are there benefits for postoperative outcome? Br J Anaesth 1999;82:861-6.
63. Eberhart LH, Döring HJ, Holzrichter P, et al. Therapeutic suggestions given during neurolept-anaesthesia decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1998;15:446-52.
64. Jelicic M, Bonke B, Millar K. Effect of different therapeutic suggestions presented during anaesthesia on post-operative course. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1993;10:343-7.
65. Cowan GS JR, Buffington CK, Cowan GS III. Assessment of the effects of a taped cognitive behavior message on postoperative complications (therapeutic suggestions under anesthesia). Obes Surg 2001;11:589-93.
66. Pearson RE. Response to suggestions given under general anesthesia. Am J Clin Hypn 1961;4:106-14.
67. Doberneck RC, Griffen WO Jr, Papermaster AA, et al. Hypnosis as an adjunct to surgical therapy. Surgery 1959;46:299-304.
68. Bonilla KB, Quigley WF, Bowers WF. Experiences with hypnosis on a surgical service. Mil Med 1961;126:364-70.
69. Werbel EW. Use of posthypnotic suggestions to reduce pain following hemorrhoidectomies. Am J Clin Hypn 1963;66:132-6.
70. Bartlett EE. Polypharmacy versus hypnosis in surgical patients. Pac Med Surg 1966;74:109-12.
71. Surman OS, Hackett TP, Silverberg EL, Behrendt DM. Usefulness of psychiatric intervention in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1974;30:830-5.
72. Rapkin DA, Straubing M, Holroyd JC. Guided imagery, hypnosis and recovery from head and neck cancer surgery: an exploratory study. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1991;39:215-26.
73. Enqvist B, von Konow L, Bystedt H. Pre- and perioperative suggestion in maxillofacial surgery: effects on blood loss and recovery. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1995;43:284-94.
74. Mauer MH, Burnett KF, Ouellette EA, et al. Medical hypnosis and orthopedic hand surgery: pain perception, postoperative recovery, and therapeutic comfort. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1999;47:144-61.
75. Hart RR. The influence of a taped hypnotic induction treatment procedure on the recovery of surgery patients. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1980;28:324-32.
76. Greenleaf M, Fisher S, Miaskowski C, DuHamel K. Hypnotizability and recovery from cardiac surgery. Am J Clin Hypn 1992;35:119-28.
77. Disbrow EA, Bennett HL, Owings JT. Effect of preoperative suggestion on postoperative gastrointestinal motility. West J Med 1993;158:488-92.
78. Lambert SA. The effects of hypnosis/guided imagery on the postoperative course of children. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1996;17:307-10.
79. van der Laan WH, van Leeuwen BL, Sebel PS, et al. Therapeutic suggestion has no effect on postoperative morphine requirements. Anesth Analg 1996;82:148-52.
80. Ashton C JR, Whitworth GC, Seldomridge JA, et al. Self-hypnosis reduces anxiety following coronary artery bypass surgery. A prospective, randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1997;38:69-75.
81. Enqvist B, Bjorklund C, Englman M, Jakobsson J. Preoperative hypnosis reduces postoperative vomiting after surgery of the breasts. A prospective, randomized and blinded study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1997;41:1028-32.
82. Montgomery GH, Weltz CR, Seltz M, Bovbjerg DH. Brief presurgery hypnosis reduces distress and pain in excisional breast biopsy patients. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2002;50:17-32.
83. de Klerk JE, du Plessis WF, Steyn HS, Botha M. Hypnotherapeutic ego strengthening with male South African coronary artery bypass patients. Am J Clin Hypn 2004;47:79-92.
84. Calipel S, Lucas-Polomeni MM, Wodey E, Ecoffey C. Premedication in children: hypnosis versus midazolam. Pediatr Anesth 2005;15:275-81.
85. Sadaat H, Drummond-Lewis J, Maranets I, et al. Hypnosis reduces preoperative anxiety in adult patients. Anesth Analg 2006;102:1394-6.
86. John ME Jr, Parrino JP. Practical hypnotic suggestion in ophthalmic surgery. Am J Opthalmol 1983;96:540-2.
87. Butler LD, Symons BK, Henderson SL, et al. Hypnosis reduces distress and duration of an invasive medical procedure for children. Pediatrics 2005;115:e77-e85.
88. Sefiani T, Uscain M, Sany JL, et al. [Laparoscopy under local anaesthesia and hypnoanaesthesia about 35 cholecystectomies and 15 inguinal hernia repair]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2004;23:1093-101.
89. Spanos NP, Perlini AH, Robertson LA. Hypnosis, suggestion, and placebo in the reduction of experimental pain. J Abnorm Psychol 1989;98:285-93.
90. Egbert LD, Battit GE, Welch CE, Bartlett MK. Reduction of postoperative pain by encouragements and instruction of patients. N Engl J Med 1964;270:825-7.
91. Ginandes C, Brooks P, Sando W, et al. Can medical hypnosis accelerate post-surgical wound healing? Results of a clinical trial. Am J Clin Hypn 2003;45:333-51.
92. Moore, Lawrence E, Lawrence K. Hypnotically accelerated burn wound healing. Am J Clin Hypn 1983;26:16-19.
93. Montgomery GH, David D, Winkel G, et al. The effectiveness of adjunctive hypnosis with surgical patients: a meta-analysis. Anesth Analg 2002;94:1639-45.