Through a glass darkly: Information technology design, identity verification, and knowledge contribution in online communities

Information Systems Research

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 42-67

  Meng, Ma ^a   Agarwal, Ritu ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Computer mediated communication and collaboration; Design of IT infrastructure; Online communities; Perceived identity verification; Questionnaire surveys

Indexed keywords

SOCIAL NETWORKING (ONLINE); SURVEYS; WEBSITES;

COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION; IDENTITY VERIFICATION; IT INFRASTRUCTURES; ON-LINE COMMUNITIES; QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEYS;

ONLINE SYSTEMS;

EID: 34247508664     PISSN: 10477047     EISSN: 15265536     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1287/isre.1070.0113     Document Type: Article

References (137)

1. Ackerman, M. S. 1998. Augmenting the organizational memory: A field study of answer garden. ACM Trans. Inform. Systems 16(3) 203-224.
2. Armstrong, A. G., J. Hagel. 1996. The real value of on-line communities. Harvard Bus. Rev. 74(3) 134-141.
3. Axelrod, R. 1984. The Evolution of Cooperation. Basic Books, New York.
4. Baron, R. M., D. A. Kenny. 1986. The moderator-mediator distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 51(6) 1173-1182.
5. Berman, J., A. S. Bruckman. 2001. Exploring identity in an online environment. Convergence 7(3) 83-102.
6. Biocca, F., C. Harms, J. K. Burgoon. 2003. Toward a more robust theory and measure of social presence: Review and suggested criteria. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual 12(5) 456-482.
7. Blanchard, A. L., M. L. Markus. 2004. The experienced "sense" of a virtual community: Characteristics and processes. Database Adv. Inform. Systems 35(1) 65-79.
8. Bock, G.-W., R. W. Zmud, Y.-G. Kim, J.-N. Lee. 2005. Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Quart. 29(1) 87-111.
9. Bollen, K. A. 1989. Structural Equations with Latent Variables. Wiley, New York.
10. Boudreau, M.-C., K. D. Loch, D. Robey, D. Straub. 1998. Going global: Using information technology to advance the competitiveness of the virtual transnational organization. Acad. Management Executive 12(4) 120-128.
11. Boyd, S. 2003. Are you ready for social software? http://www.darwinmag. com/read/050103/social.html.
12. Brewer, M. B., W. Gardner. 1996. Who is this "we?" Levels of collective identity and self-representation. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 71(1) 83-93.
13. Butler, B. 2001. Membership size, communication activity, and sustainability: A resource-based model of online social structures. Inform. Systems Res. 12(4) 346-362.
14. Cable, D. M., T. A. Judge. 1996. Peron-organization fit, job choice decisions, and organizational entry. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 67(3) 294-311.
15. Carlson, D. S., K. M. Kacmar. 2000. Work-family conflict in the organization: Do life role values make a difference? J. Mangement 26(5) 1031-1054.
16. Chaiken, S., A. Liberman, A. H. Eagly. 1989. Heuristic and systematic information processing within and beyond the persuasion context. J. S. Uleman, J. A. Bargh, eds. Unintended Thought. Guilford Press, New York, 212-252.
17. Chen, S., K. Chen, L. Shaw. 2004. Self-verification motives at the collective level of self-definition. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 86(1) 77-94.
18. Chidambaram, L., L. L. Tung. 2005. Is out of signt, out of mind? An empirical study of social loafing in technology-supported groups. Inform. System Res. 16(2) 149-168.
19. Chin, W. W. 1998. Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling. MIS Quart. 22(1) 1-11.
20. Chin, W. W., B. L. Marcolin, P. R. Newsted. 2003. A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion/adoption study. Inform. Systems Res. 14(2) 189-217.
21. Chiu, C.-M., M.-H. Hsu, E. T. G. Wang. 2006. Understanding knowledge sharing in virtual communities: An integration of social capital and social cognitive theories. Decision Support Systems 42(3) 1872-1888.
22. Clark, H. H., S. E. Brennan. 1991. Grounding in communication. L. B. Resnick, J. Levine, S. D. Teasley, eds. Perspectives on Socially Shared Cognition. APA, Washington, D.C., 127-149.
23. Clugston, M. 2000. The mediating effects of multidimensional commitment on job satisfaction and intent to leave. J. Organ. Behav. 21(4) 477-486.
24. Connolly, L. A., L. Jessup, J. Valacich. 1990. Effect of anonymity and evaluative tone on idea generation in computer-mediated groups. Management Sci. 36(6) 689-703.
25. Constant, D., L. Sproull, S. Kiesler. 1996. The kindness of strangers: The usefulness of electronic weak ties for technical advice. Organ. Sci. 7(2) 119-135.
26. De La Ronde, C., W. B. Swann. 1998. Partner verification: Restoring shattered images of our intimates. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 75(2) 374-382.
27. DeSanctis, G., R. B. Gallupe. 1987. A foundation for the study of group decision support systems. Management Sci. 33(5) 589-609.
28. Dholakia, U. M., R. P. Bagozzi, L. K. Pearo. 2004. A social influence model of consumer participation in network- and small-group-based virtual communities. Internat. J. Res. Marketing 21(3) 241-263.
29. Diamantopoulos, A., H. M. Winklhofer. 2001. Index construction with formative indicators: An alternative to scale development. J. Marketing Res. 38(2) 269-277.
30. Dominick, J. R. 1999. Who do you think you are? Personal home pages and self-presentation on the worldwide Web. J. Mass Comm. Quart. 74(4) 646-658.
31. Donath, J. S. 1999. Identity and deception in the virtual community. M. A. Smith, P. Kollock, eds. Communities in Cyberspace. Routledge, New York, 29-59.
32. Driver, E. D. 1969. Self-conceptions in India and the United States: A cross-cultural validation of the twenty statement test. Sociol. Quart. 10(3) 341-354.
33. Duffy, M. K., J. D. Shaw, E. M. Stark. 2000. Performance and satisfaction in conflicted interdependent groups: When and how does self-esteem make a difference? Acad. Management J. 43(4) 722-783.
34. Edwards, J. R. 2001. Multidimensional constructs in organizational behavior research: An integrative analytical framework. Organ. Res. Methods 4(2) 144-192.
35. Ellemers, N., D. De Gilder, S. A. Haslam. 2004. Motivating individuals and groups at work: A social identity perspective on leadership and group performance. Acad. Management Rev. 29(3) 459-178.
36. Erickson, E. 1968. Identity: Youth and Crisis. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., London, UK.
37. Erickson, T., W. A. Kellogg. 2000. Social translucence: An approach to designing systems that support social processes. Trans. Comput. Human Interface 7(1) 59-83.
38. Erickson, T., C. Halverson, W. A. Kellogg, M. Laff, T. Wolf. 2002. Social translucence: Designing social infrastructures that make collective activity visible. Comm. ACM 45(4) 40-14.
39. Einholt, T., L. Sproull. 1990. Electronic groups at work. Organ. Sci. 1(1) 41-64.
40. Flanagin, A. J., M. J. Metzger. 2001. Internet use in the contemporary media environment. Human Comm. Res. 27(1) 153-181.
41. Fornell, C., F. L. Bookstein. 1982. Two structural equation models: Lisrel and Pls applied to customer exit-voice theory. J. Marketing Res. 19(11) 440-152.
42. Fornell, C., D. F. Larcker. 1981. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. J. Marketing Res. 18(1) 39-50.
43. Fulk, J. 1993. Social construction of communication technology. Acad. Management J. 36(5) 921-950.
44. Fulk, J., C. Steinfield, J. Schmitz, J. Power. 1987. A social information processing model of media use in organizations. Comm. Res. 14(5) 529-552.
45. Gerhard, M., D. J. Moore, D. J. Hobbs. 2002. An experimental study of the effect of presence in collaborative virtual environments. R. Earnshaw, J. Vince, eds. Intelligent Agents for Mobile and Virtual Media. Springer Verlag, London, UK, 113-123.
46. Givertz, M., C. Segrin. 2005. Explaining personal and constraint commitment in close relationships: The role of satisfaction, conflict responses, and relational bond. J. Soc. Personal Relationship 22(6) 757-775.
47. Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Every Day Life. Doubleday, New York.
48. Goffman, E. 1967. Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior. Doubleday, Garden City, NY.
49. Golder, S. A., J. Donath. 2004. Gaming: Hiding and revealing in online poker games. ACM Conf. Comput. Supported Cooperative Work, ACM Press, New York, 370-373.
50. Hagel, J. I., A. G. Armstrong. 1997. Net Gain: Expanding Markets through Virtual Communities. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
51. Hansen, R. D., C. A. Lowe. 1976. Distinctiveness and consensus: Influence of behavioral information on actors and observers attributions. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 34(3) 425-433.
52. Heider, F. 1958. The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations. Wiley, New York.
53. Hertel, G., S. Niedner, S. Herrmann. 2003. Motivation of software developers in open source project: An Internet-based survey of contributors to the Linux Kernel. Res. Policy 32(7) 1159-1177.
54. Hong, Y., G. Ip, C. Chiu, M. W. Morris, T. Menon. 2001. Cultural identity and dynamic construction of the self: Collective duties and individual rights in Chinese and American cultures. Soc. Cognition 19(3) 251-268.
55. Jacobson, D. 1999. Impression formation in Cyberspace: Online expectations and offline experiences in text-based virtual communities. J. Comput.-Mediated Comm. 5(1).
56. Jensen, C., J. Davis, S. Farnham. 2002. Finding others online: Reputation systems for social online spaces. CHI 2002 Conf. Human Factors Comput. Systems. ACM Press, New York, 447-454.
57. Jeppesen, L. B., L. Frederiksen. 2006. Why do users contribute to firm-hosted user communities? The case of computer-controlled music instruments. Organ. Sci. 17(1) 45-63.
58. Jessup, L., T. Connolly, J. Galegher. 1990. The effects of anonymity on GDSS group process with an idea-generating task. MIS Quart. 14(3) 313-321.
59. Jones, E. E., K. E. Davis. 1965. From acts to dispositions: The attribution process in social psychology. L. Berkowitz, ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Academic Press, New York, 219-266.
60. Jones, E. E., R. E. Nisbett. 1972. The actor and the observer: Divergent perceptions of the causes of behavior. E. E. Jones, D. E. Kanouse, H. H. Kelley, R. E. Nisbett, S. Valins, B. Weiner, eds. Attribution: Perceiving the Causes of Behavior. General Learning Press, Morristown, NJ, 79-94.
61. Jones, E. E., T. S. Pittman. 1982. Toward a general theory of strategic self-presentation. J. Suls, ed. Psychological Perspectives on the Self. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, 231-262.
62. Jones, E. E., S. Berglas, F. Rhodewalt, J. R. Skelton. 1981. Effects of strategic self-presentation on subsequent self-esteem. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 41(3) 407-421.
63. Kankanhalli, A., B. Tan, K.-K. Wei. 2005. Contributing knowledge to electronic knowledge repositories: An empirical investigation. MIS Quart. 29(1) 113-143.
64. Kelley, H. H. 1972. Attribution in social interaction. E. E. Jones, D. E. Kanouse, H. H. Kelley, R. E. Nisbett, S. Valins, B. Weiner, eds. Attribution: Perceiving the Causes of Behavior. General Learning Press, Morristown, NJ, 1-26.
65. Khalifa, M., N. Shen. 2004. System design effects on social presence and telepresence in virtual communities. 25th Internat. Conf. Inform. Systems, Washington, D.C., 547-558.
66. Koh, J., Y.-G. Kim. 2003. Sense of virtual community: Determinants and the moderating role of the virtual community origin. Internat. J. Electronic Commerce 8(2) 75-93.
67. Kollock, P. 1999. The economies of online cooperation. M. Smith, P. Kollock, eds. Communities in Cyberspace. Routledge, New York, 220-242.
68. Kraut, R. E., P. Attewell. 1997. Media use in a global corporation: Electronic mail and organizational knowledge. S. Kiesler, ed. Culture of the Internet. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 323-342.
69. Kuhn, M. H., T. S. McPartland. 1954. An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 19(1) 68-76.
70. Latané, B. 1981. The psychology of social impact. Amer. Psychologist 36(4) 343-356.
71. Leary, M. R. 1996. Self-Presentation: Impression Management and Interpersonal Behavior. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
72. Lee, F., D. Vogel, M. Limayem, 2002. Virtual community informatics: What we know and what we need to know. 35th Hawaii Internat, Conf. System Sci., IEEE, Big Island, HI, 2863-2872.
73. Lerner, J. S., P. E. Tetlock. 1999. Accounting for the effects of accountability. Psych. Bull. 125(2) 255-275.
74. Ling, K., G. Beenen, P. Ludford, X. Wang, K. Chang, X. Li, D. Cosley, D. Frankowski, L. Terveen, A. M. Rashid, P. Resnick, R. Kraut. 2005. Using social psychology to motivate contributions to online communities. J. Comput.-Mediated Comm. 10(4).
75. Lombard, M., T. Ditton. 1997. At the heart of it all: The concept of presence. J. Comput. Mediated Comm. 3(2) 1-43.
76. Ludford, P. J., D. Cosley, D. Frankowski, L. Terveen. 2004. Think different: Increasing online community participation using uniqueness and group dissimilarity. ACM Conf. Human Factors Comp. Systems (CHI), ACM Press, New York, 631-638.
77. MacKinnon, D. P., C. M. Lockwood, J. M. Hoffman, S. G. West, V. Sheets. 2002. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psych. Methods 7(1) 83-104.
78. Mael, F., L. Tetrick. 1992. Identifying organizational identification. Ed. Psych. Measurement 52(4) 813-825.
79. Matz, D. C., W. Wood. 2005. Cognitive dissonance in groups: The consequences of disagreement. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 88(1) 22-37.
80. McNulty, S., W. B. Swann. 1994. Identity negotiation in roommate relationships: The self as architect and consequence of social reality. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 67(6) 1012-1023.
81. Miller, H., R. Mather. 1998. The presentation of self in WWW home pages. Internet Research and Information for Social Scientists, Bristol, UK (March 25-27).
82. Nash, E. B., G. W. Edwards, J. A. Thompson, W. Barfield. 2000. A review of presence and performance in virtual environments. Internat. J. Human-Comput. Interaction 12(1) 1-41.
83. Newcomb, T. M. 1961. The Acquaintance Process. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York.
84. Nickerson, R. S. 1999. How we know - sand sometimes misjudge - what others know: Imputing one's own knowledge to others. Psych. Bull. 125(6) 737-759.
85. Nunnally, J. C., I. H. Bernstein. 1994. Psychometric Theory, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.
86. O'Conaill, B., S. Whittaker, S. Wilbur. 1993. Conversations over video conferences: An evaluation of the spoken aspects of video mediated interaction. Human Comput. Interaction 8(4) 389-428.
87. Oppenheim, A. N. 1966. Questionnaire Design and Attitude Measurement. Heinemann, London, UK.
88. Papacharissi, Z. 2002. The presentation of self in virtual life: Characteristics of personal home pages. Journalism Mass Comm. Quart. 79(3) 643-660.
89. Peddibhotla, N., M. R. Subramani. 2007. Contributing to public document repositories: A critical mass theory perspective. Organ. Stud. (March).
90. Podasakoff, P. M., S. B. MacKenzie, J.-Y. Lee, N. P. Podsakoff. 2003. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J. Appl. Psych. 88(5) 879.
91. Polzer, J. T., L. P. Milton, W. B. Swann. 2002. Capitalizing on diversity: Interpersonal congruence in small work groups. Admin. Sci. Quart. 47(2) 296-324.
92. Poole, M. S., G. DeSanctis. 1990. Understanding the use of group decision support systems: The theory of adaptive structuration. J. Fulk, C. Steinfeld, eds. Organizations and Communication Technology. Sage, Newbury Park, CA, 173-193.
93. Postmes, T., R. Spears, M. Lea. 2000. The formation of group norms in computer-mediated communication. Human Comm. Res. 26(3) 341-371.
94. Poston, R. S., C. Speier. 2005. Effective use of knowledge management systems: A process model of content ratings and credibility indicators. MIS Quart. 29(2) 221-244.
95. Preece, J., D. Maloney-Krichmar. 2003. Online communities. J. Jacko, A. Sears, eds. Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Mahwah, NJ, 596-620.
96. Rafaeli, S., F. Sudweeks. 1997. Networked interactivity. J. Comput. Mediated Comm. 2(4) 17.
97. Regan, D., J. Totten. 1975. Empathy and attribution: Turning observers into actors. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 32(5) 850-856.
98. Rhee, E., J. S. Uleman, H. K. Lee, R. J. Roman. 1995. Spontaneous self-descriptions and ethnic identities in individualistic and collectivistic culture. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 69(1) 142-152.
99. Rice, R. E. 1984. Mediated group communication. R. E. R. Associates, ed. The New Media: Communication, Research, and Technology. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA, 129-156.
100. Ross, L., ed. 1977. The Intuitive Psychologist and His Shortcomings: Distortions in the Attribution Process. Academic Press, New York.
101. Rusbult, C. E., B. P. Buunk. 1993. Commitment processes in close relationships: An interdependence analysis. J. Soc. Personal Relationship 10(2) 175-204.
102. Saint-Onge, H., D. Wallace. 2003. Leveraging Communities of Practice for Strategic Advantage. Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington, MA.
103. Schau, H. J., M. C. Gilly, 2003. We are what we post? Self-presentation in personal web space. J. Consumer Res. 30(3) 385-404.
104. Schroeder, R., A. Steed, A.-S. Axelsson, I. Heldal, A. Abelin, J. Wideström, A. Nilsson, M. Slater. 2001. Collaborating in networked immersive spaces: As good as being there together? Comput. Graphics 25(5) 781-788.
105. Short, J., E. Williams, B. Christie. 1976. The Social Psychology of Telecommunications. Wiley, New York.
106. Siegel, J., V. Dubrovsky, S. Kiesler, T. W. McGuire. 1986. Group processes in computer-mediated communication. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 37(2) 157-187.
107. Simon, B., S. Stürmer, K. Steffens. 2000. Helping individuals or group members? The role of individual and collective identification in AIDS volunteerism. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 26(4) 497-506.
108. Slater, M., A. Sadagic, R. Schroeder. 2000. Small-group behavior in a virtual and real environment: A comparative study. Presence: Teleoperators Virtual Environments 9(1) 37-51.
109. Smith, M. A., S. D. Farnham, S. M. Drucker. 2000. The social life of small graphical chat spaces. SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Comput. Systems, ACM Press, New York, 462-469.
110. Sobel, M. E. 1982. Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. S. Leinhart, ed. Sociological Methodology. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 290-312.
111. Sproull, L., S. Kiesler. 1986. Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Sci. 32(11) 1492-1512.
112. Stasser, G., D. Steward, G. M. Wittenbaum. 1995. Expert roles and information exchange during discussion: The importance of knowing who knows what. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. 31(3) 244-265.
113. Stasser, G., S. I. Vaughan, D. D. Stewart. 2000. Pooling unshared information: The benefits of knowing how access to information is distributed among group members. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 82(1) 102-116.
114. Subramani, M. 2004. How do suppliers benefit from information technology use in supply chain relationships? MIS Quart. 28(1) 45-73.
115. Sussman, S. W., W. S. Siegal. 2003. Informational influence in organizations: An integrated approach to knowledge adoption. Inform. Systems Res. 14(1) 47-65.
116. Swann, W. B. 1983. Self-verification: Bring social reality into harmony with the self. J. Suls, A. G. Greenwald, eds. Social Psychological Perspectives on the Self. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 33-66.
117. Swann, W. B., L. P. Milton, J. T. Polzer. 2000. Should we create a niche or fall in line? Identity negotiation and small group effectiveness. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 79(2) 238-250.
118. Swann, W. B., B. W. Pelham, D. S. Krull. 1989. Agreeable fancy or disagreeable truth? Reconciling self-enhancement and self-verification. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 57(5) 782-791.
119. Swann, W. B., A. Stein-Seroussi, R. B. Giesler. 1992. Why people self-verify. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 62(3) 392-401.
120. Swann, W. B., J. T. Polzer, D. C. Seyle, S. J. Ko. 2004. Finding value in diversity: Verification of personal and social self-view in diverse groups. Acad. Management Rev. 29(1) 9-27.
121. Tajfel, H. 1978. Social categorization, social identity and social comparison. H. Tajfel, ed. Differentiation Between Social Groups: Studies in the Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Academic Press, London, UK.
122. Tajfel, H., J. C. Turner. 1986. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. S. Worchel, W. G. Austin, eds. The Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Nelson-Hall, Chicago, IL, 7-24.
123. Teigland, R., M. M. Wasko. 2003. Integrating knowledge through information trading: Examining the relationship between boundary spanning communication and individual performance. Decision Sci. 34(2) 261-286.
124. Tetlock, P. E. 1985. Accountability: A social check on the fundamental attribution error. Soc. Psych. Quart. 48(3) 227-236.
125. Thomas-Hunt, M. C., T. Y. Ogden, M. A. Neale. 2003. Who's really sharing? Effects of social and expert status on knowledge exchange within groups. Management Sci. 49(3) 464-477.
126. Turkle, S. 1995. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. Simon & Schuster, New York.
127. Walker, K. 2000. "It's difficult to hide it": The presentation of self on Internet home pages. Qualitative Sociol. 23(1) 99-120.
128. Walther, J. B. 1992. Interpersonal effects in computer-mediated interaction. Comm. Res. 19(1) 52-90.
129. Walther, J. B., C. L. Slovacek, L. C. Tidwell. 2001. Is a picture worth a thousand words? Comm. Res. 28(1) 105-134.
130. Wasko, M., S. Faraj. 2005. Why should I share? Examining social capital and knowledge contribution in electronic networks of practice. MIS Quart. 29(1) 35-57.
131. Wells, G. L., R. E. Petty, S. G. Harkins, D. Kagehiro, J. Harvey. 1977. Anticipated discussion of interpretation eliminates actor-observer differences in the attribution of causality. Sociometry 40(3) 247-253.
132. Whitbourne, S. K., L. A. Connolly. 1999. The developing self in midlife. S. L. Willis, J. D. Reid, eds. Life in the Middle: Psychological and Social Development in Middle Age. Academic Press, New York, 25-45.
133. Whittaker, S. 1996. Talking to strangers: An evaluation of the factors affecting electronic collaboration. ACM Conf. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. ACM Press, New York, 409-418.
134. Whittaker, S., L. Terveen, W. Hill, L. Cherny. 1998. The dynamics of mass interaction. ACM Conf. Comput. Supported Cooperative Work, Seattle, WA, 257-264.
135. Williams, L. J., J. A. Cote, M. R. Buckley. 1989. Lack of method variance in self-reported affect and perceptions of work: Reality or artifact? J. Appl. Psych. 74(3) 462-468.
136. Wynn, E., J. E. Katz. 1997. Hyperbole over Cyberspace: Self-presentation and social boundaries in Internet home pages and discourse. Inform. Soc. 13(4) 297-327.
137. Yates, J., W. J. Orlikowski. 1992. Genres of organizational communication: A structurational approach to studying communication and media. Acad. Management Rev. 27(2) 299-326.