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This rat lesion study shows that two different types of decision costs - the effort cost and the temporal cost in waiting reward - are represented by different prefrontal circuits - the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, respectively. A T-maze with an obstacle in the goal arm and temporal delay for reward delivery were used to examine the effort and temporal costs, respectively. Anterior cingulate cortex lesions affected how much effort rats decided to invest for reward. Orbitofrontal cortex lesions affected how long rats decided to wait for reward. This study is very important in understanding how decision is made depending not only on reward but also on multiple types of cost.
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Rudebeck P.H., Walton M.E., Smyth A.N., Bannerman D.M., and Rushworth M.F. Separate neural pathways process different decision costs. Nat Neurosci 9 (2006) 1161-1168. This rat lesion study shows that two different types of decision costs - the effort cost and the temporal cost in waiting reward - are represented by different prefrontal circuits - the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, respectively. A T-maze with an obstacle in the goal arm and temporal delay for reward delivery were used to examine the effort and temporal costs, respectively. Anterior cingulate cortex lesions affected how much effort rats decided to invest for reward. Orbitofrontal cortex lesions affected how long rats decided to wait for reward. This study is very important in understanding how decision is made depending not only on reward but also on multiple types of cost.
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