Chlorine and bromine atom ratios in the springtime Arctic troposphere as determined from measurements of halogenated volatile organic compounds

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 111, Issue 17, 2006, Pages

  Keil, Adam D ^a   Shepson, Paul B ^a,b,c  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; BROMINE; CHLORINE; OZONE LAYER; TROPOSPHERE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; BROMINE; CHLORINE; OZONE; RADICAL; TROPOSPHERE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

ALASKA; BARROW; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33847050851     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007119     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Adams, J. W., N. S. Homes, and J. N. Crowley (2002), Uptake and reaction of HOBr on frozen and dry NaCl/NaBr surfaces between 253 and 233K, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2, 79-91.
2. Albert, M., A. M. Grannas, J. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, and F. E. Perron (2002), Processes and properties of snow-air transfer in the high Arctic with application to interstitial ozone at Alert, Canada, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2779-2787.
3. Ariya, P. A., B. T. Jobson, R. Sander, H. Niki, G. W. Harris, J. F. Hopper, and K. G. Anlauf (1998), Measurements of C2-C7 hydrocarbons during the Polar Sunrise Experiment 1994: Further evidence for halogen chemistry in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,169-13,180.
4. Atkinson, R., D. L. Baulch, R. A. Cox, R. F. Hampson Jr., J. A. Kerr, M. J. Rossi, and J. Troe (1999), Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry, organic species: Supplement VII. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 28(2), 191-393.
5. Barnes, I., V. Bastian, K. H. Becker, R. Overath, and Z. Tong (1989), Rate constants for the reactions of Br atoms with a series of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes in the presence of O2, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 21, 499-517.
6. Barrie, L. A., J. W. Bottenheim, R. C. Schnell, P. J. Crutzen, and R. A. Rasmussen (1988), Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere, Nature, 334, 138-141.
7. Bottenheim, J. W., L. A. Barrie, E. Atlas, L. E. Heidt, H. Niki, R. A. Rasmussen, and P. B. Shepson (1990), Depletion of lower tropospheric ozone during Arctic spring: The Polar Sunrise Experiment 1988, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18,555-18,568.
8. Bottenheim, J. W., J. D. Fuentes, D. W. Tarasick, and K. G. Anlauf (2002), Ozone in the Arctic lower troposphere during winter and spring 2000 (ALERT 2000), Atmos. Environ., 36, 2535-2544.
9. Boudries, H., and J. W. Bottenheim (2000), Cl and Br atom concentrations during a surface boundary layer ozone depletion event in the Canadian High Arctic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(4), 517-520.
10. Burkholder, J. B., M. K. Gilles, T. Gierczak, and A. R. Ravishankara (2002), The atmospheric degradation of 1-bromopropane (CH3CH2CH2Br): The photochemistry of bromoacetone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(17), 1822, doi:10.1029 /2002GL014712.
11. Chen, X., D. Hulbert, and P. B. Shepson (1998), Measurement of the organic nitrate yield from OH reaction with isoprene, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 25,563-25,568.
12. Dickerson, R. R., K. P. Rhoads, T. P. Carsey, S. J. Oltmans, J. P. Burrows, and P. J. Crutzen (1999), Ozone in the remote marine boundary layer: A possible role for halogens, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 21,385-21,395.
13. Doskey, P. V., and J. S. Gaffney (1992), Non-methane hydrocarbons in the Arctic atmosphere at Barrow, Alaska, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19(4), 381-384.
14. Ebinghaus, R., H. H. Kock, C. Temme, J. W. Einax, A. G. Lowe, A. Richter, J. P. Burrows, and W. H. Schroeder (2002), Antarctic springtime depletion of atmospheric mercury, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 1238-1244.
15. Fan, S. M., and D. J. Jacob (1992), Surface ozone depletion in Arctic spring sustained by bromine reactions on aerosols, Nature, 359, 522-524.
16. Fickert, S., J. W. Adams, and J. N. Crowley (1999), Activation of Br2 and BrCl via uptake of HOBr onto aqueous salt solutions, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D19), 23,719-23,727.
17. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., F. E. Livingston, and H. N. Berko (1990), Ozone destruction and bromine photochemistry at ground level during Arctic spring, Nature, 343, 622-625.
18. Foster, K. L., R. A. Plasteridge, J. W. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, and C. W. Spicer (2001), The role of Br2 and BrCl in surface ozone destruction at polar sunrise, Science, 291, 471-474.
19. Grannas, A. M., et al. (2002), A study of photochemical and physical processes affecting carbonyl compounds in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2733-2742.
20. Gueymard, C. A. (2003), The Sun's total and spectral irradiance for solar energy applications and solar radiation models, Sol. Energy, 76(4), 423-453.
21. Hausmann, M., and U. Platt (1994), Spectroscopic measurement of bromine oxide and ozone in the high Arctic during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,399-25,413.
22. Honrath, R. E., and D. A. Jaffe (1992), The seasonal cycle of nitrogen oxides in the Arctic troposphere at Barrow, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20,615-20,630.
23. Impey, G. A. (1998), Photolyzable halogens in the Arctic troposphere, Ph.D. thesis, York Univ., Toronto, Ont., Canada.
24. Impey, G. A., P. B. Shepson, D. R. Hastie, L. A. Barrie, and K. G. Anlauf (1997), Measurements of photolyzable chlorine and bromine during the Polar Sunrise Experiment 1995, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D13), 16,005-16,010.
25. Jaffe, D. A., R. E. Honrath, and J. A. Herring (1991), Measurements of nitrogen oxides at Barrow, Alaska during spring: Evidence for regional and northern hemispheric sources of pollution, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7395-7405.
26. Jenkin, M. E., S. M. Saunders, and M. J. Pilling (1997), The tropospheric degradation of volatile organic compounds: A protocol for mechanism development, Atmos. Environ., 31(1), 81-104.
27. Jobson, B. T., H. Niki, Y. Yokouchi, J. Bottenheim, F. Hopper, and R. Leaitch (1994), Measurements of C2-C6 hydrocarbons during the Polar Sunrise 1992 Experiment: Evidence for Cl atom and Br atom chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,355-25,368.
28. Kaiser, E. W., and T. J. Wallington (1996), Pressure dependence of the reaction Cl + C3H6, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 9788-9793.
29. Kleindienst, T. E., P. B. Shepson, C. M. Nero, and J. J. Bufalini (1989), The production of chlorine atoms from the reaction of OH with chlorinated hydrocarbons, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 21, 863-884.
30. Knipping, E. M., M. J. Lakin, K. L. Foster, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, R. B. Gerber, D. Dabdub, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts (2000), Experiments and simulations of ion-enhanced interfacial chemistry on aqueous NaCl aerosols, Science, 288, 301-306.
31. Kwok, E. S., and R. Atkinson (1995), Estimation of hydroxyl radical reaction rate constants for gas-phase organic compounds using a structure-reactivity relationship: An update, Atmos. Environ., 29(14), 1685-1695.
32. Lewis, A. C., J. B. McQuaid, N. Carslaw, and M. J. Pilling (1999), Diurnal cycles of short-lived tropospheric alkenes at a north Atlantic coastal site, Atmos. Environ., 33(15), 2417-2422.
33. Libuda, H. G. (1992), Spektroskopische und kinetische Untersuchungen an halogenierten Carbonylverbindungen von atmosphärischem Interesse, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
34. Limão-Vieira, P., S. Eden, N. J. Mason, and S. V. Hoffmann (2003), Electronic state spectroscopy of acetaldehyde, CH3CHO, by high-resolution VUV photoabsorption, Chem. Phys. Lett., 376, 737-747.
35. Lindberg, S. E., S. Brooks, C.-J. Lin, K. J. Scott, M. S. Landis, R. K. Stevens, M. Goodsite, and A. Richter (2002), Dynamic oxidation of gaseous mercury in the Arctic troposphere at polar sunrise, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 1245-1256.
36. McConnell, J. C., G. S. Henderson, L. Barrie, J. Bottenhein, H. Niki, C. H. Langford, and E. M. Templeton (1992), Photochemical bromine production implicated in Arctic boundary-layer ozone depletion, Nature, 355, 150-152.
37. Michalowski, B. M., J. S. Francisco, S. Li, L. A. Barrie, J. W. Bottenheim, and P. B. Shepson (2000), A computer modeling study of multiphase chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer during polar sunrise, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D12), 15,131-15,143.
38. Mochida, M., H. Akimoto, H. van den Bergh, and M. J. Rossi (1998), Heterogeneous kinetics of the uptake of HOBr on solid alkali metal halides at ambient temperature, J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 4819-4828.
39. Muthuramu, K., P. B. Shepson, J. W. Bottenheim, B. T. Jobson, H. Niki, and K. G. Anlauf (1994), Relationships between organic nitrates and surface ozone destruction during polar sunrise experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99(D12), 25,369-25,378.
40. Ramacher, B., J. Rudolph, and R. Koppmann (1999), Hydrocarbon measurements during tropospheric ozone depletion events: Evidence for halogen atom chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D3), 3633-3653.
41. Ramacher, B., J. J. Orlando, and G. S. Tyndall (2001), Temperature-dependent rate coefficient measurements for the reaction of bromine atoms with trichloroethene, ethene, acetylene, and tetrachloroethene in air, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 33, 198-211.
42. Rasmussen, R. A., M. A. K. Khalil, and R. J. Fox (1983), Altitudinal and temporal variation of hydrocarbons and other gaseous tracers of Arctic haze, Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 144-147.
43. Rudolph, J., B. R. Fu, A. Thompson, K. Anlauf, and J. Bottenheim, (1999), Halogen atom concentrations in the Arctic troposphere derived from hydrocarbon measurements: Impact on the budget of formaldehyde, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(19), 2941-2944.
44. Schroeder, W. H., K. G. Anlauf, L. A. Barrie, D. R. Schneeberger, and T. Berg (1998), Arctic springtime depletion of mercury, Nature, 394, 331-332.
45. Scollard, D. J., J. J. Treacy, H. W. Sidebottom, C. Balestra-Garcia, G. Laverdet, G. Lebras, H. MacLeod, and S. Teton (1993), Rate constants for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals and chlorine atoms with halogenated aldehydes, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 4683-4689.
46. Simpson, W. R., L. Alvarez-Aviles, T. A. Douglas, M. Sturm, and F. Domine (2005), Halogens in the coastal snow pack near Barrow, Alaska: Evidence for active bromine air-snow chemistry during springtime, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L04811, doi:10.1029/2004GL021748.
47. Solberg, S., N. Schmidbauer, A. Semb, F. Stordal, and Ø. Hov (1996), Boundary-layer ozone depletion as seen in the Norwegian Arctic spring, J. Atmos. Chem., 23, 301-332.
48. Spicer, C. W., R. A. Plasteridge, K. L. Foster, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, J. W. Bottenheim, A. M. Grannas, and P. B. Shepson (2002), Molecular halogens before and during ozone depletion events in the Arctic at polar sunrise: Concentrations and sources, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2721-2731.
49. Tang, T., and J. C. McConnell (1996), Autocatalytic release of bromine from Arctic snow pack during polar sunrise, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(19), 2633-2636.
50. Tuckermann, M., R. Ackermann, C. Gölz, H. Lorenzen-Schmidt, T. Senne, J. Stutz, B. Frost, W. Unold, and U. Platt (1997), DOAS-observation of halogen radical-catalyzed arctic boundary layer ozone destruction during and the ARCTOC-campaigns 1995 and 1996 in Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 533-555.
51. Vogt, R., P. J. Crutzen, and R. Sander (1996), A mechanism for halogen release from sea-salt aerosol in the marine boundary layer, Nature, 383, 327-330.
52. Wallington, T. J., L. M. Skewes, W. O. Siegl, and S. M. Japar (1989), A relative rate study of the reaction of bromine atoms with a variety of organic compounds at 295 K, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 21, 1069-1076.
53. Yarwood, G., N. Peng, and H. Niki (1992), FTIR spectroscopic study of the Cl- and Br-atom initiated oxidation of ethenc, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 24, 369-383.