Hydrocarbon measurements during tropospheric ozone depletion events: Evidence for halogen atom chemistry

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 104, Issue D3, 1999, Pages 3633-3653

  Ramacher, B ^a   Rudolph, J ^a,b   Koppmann, R ^a  

^a FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH   (Germany)

^b YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYER; HALOGEN; HYDROCARBON; OZONE DEPLETION; TROPOSPHERE;

EID: 0033585960     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1998JD100061     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Ackermann, R., M. Tuckermann, and U. Platt, DOAS measurements during the ARCTOC campaigns 1995 and 1996 in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, Atmospheric Research in Ny-Ålesund: Proceedings From the 3rd Nysmac Meeting, NILU Publ. OR 19/97, edited by I. Fløisand et al., pp. 131-136, Norw. Inst. for Air Res., Kjeller, 1997.
2. Ackman, R. G., Fundamental groups in the response of flame ionization detectors to oxygenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, J. Gas Chromatogr., 2, 173-179, 1964.
3. Anlauf, K. G., R. E. Mickle, and N. B. A. Trivett, Measurement of ozone during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,345-25,353, 1994.
4. Ariya, P., Studies of tropospheric halogen chemistry: Laboratory and field measurements, Ph.D. thesis, York Univ., North York, Ontario, Canada, May 1996.
5. Ariya, P., V. Catoire, R. Sander, H. Niki, and G. W. Harris, Trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene: Tropospheric probes for Cl and Br atom reactions during the polar sunrise, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 583-591, 1997.
6. Arnold, T., M. Martinez-Walter, D. Perner, and R. Seuwen, Peroxy radical behavior during ARCTOC campaigns at Ny Ålesund, Atmospheric Research in Ny-Ålesund: Proceedings From the 3rd Nysmac Meeting, NILU Publ. OR 19/97, edited by I. Fløisand et al., pp. 143-146, Norw. Inst. for Air Res., Kjeller, 1997.
7. Atkinson, R., Kinetics and mechanisms of the gas-phase reactions of the hydroxyl radical with organic compounds under atmospheric conditions, Chem. Rev., 86, 69-201, 1986.
8. Atkinson, R., Gas-phase tropospheric chemistry of organic compounds, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data Monogr., 2, 1-214, 1994.
9. Atkinson, R., and S. M. Aschmann, Kinetics of the gas-phase reactions of Cl atoms with a series of organics at 296+/-2 K and atmospheric pressure, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 17, 33-41, 1985.
10. Atkinson, R., and S. M. Aschmann, Kinetics of the gas-phase reactions of Cl atoms with chloroethenes at 298+/-2 K and atmospheric pressure, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 19, 1097-1105, 1987.
11. Atkinson, R., D. L. Baulch, R. A. Cox, R. F. Hampson, J. A. Kerr, and J. Troe, Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry, Supplement III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 18, 881-1097, 1989.
12. Atkinson, R., D. L. Baulch, R. A. Cox, R. F. Hampson, J. A. Kerr, and J. Troe, Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry, Supplement IV, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 21, 1125-1568, 1992.
13. Barnes, I., K. H. Becker, and R. D. Overrath, Oxidation of organic sulphur compounds, in Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in Polar Regions, NATO ASI Ser., Subser. 1, Global Environmental Change, edited by H. Niki and K. H. Becker, pp. 371-383, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
14. Barrie, L. A., Arctic air chemistry: An overview, in Arctic Air Pollution, edited by B. Stonehouse, pp. 5-23, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1986.
15. Barrie, L. A., J. W. Bottenheim, R. C. Schnell, P. J. Crutzen, and R. A. Rasmussen, Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere, Nature, 334(6178), 134-141, 1988.
16. Beine, H. J., D. A. Jaffe, D. R. Blake, E. Atlas, and J. Harris, Measurements of PAN, alkyl nitrates, ozone, and hydrocarbons during spring in interior Alaska, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12,613-12,619, 1996.
17. x during ozone depletion events in the arctic troposphere at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 556-565, 1997.
18. Bierbach, A., I. Barnes, and K. H. Becker, Rate coefficients for the gas-phase reactions of bromine radicals with a series of alkenes, dienes, and aromatic hydrocarbons at 298 ± 2 K, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 28, 565-577, 1996.
19. Borken, J., Ozonabbau durch Halogene in der arktischen Grenzschicht: Reaktionskinetische Modellrechnungen zu einem Frühjahrsphänomen, Diploma thesis, Ruprecht-Karls-Univ., Heidelberg, Germany, 1996.
20. Bottenheim, J. W., Polar sunrise studies, in Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in Polar Regions, NATO ASI Ser., Subser. 1, Global Environmental Change, edited by H. Niki and K. H. Becker, pp. 41-56, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
21. Bottenheim, J. W., L. A. Barrie, E. Atlas, L. E. Heidt, H. Niki, R. A. Rasmussen, and P. B. Shepson, Depletion of lower tropospheric ozone during arctic spring: The Polar Sunrise Experiment 1988, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18,555-18,568, 1990.
22. Buskühl, M., Optimierung eines Gaschromatographen und anschließende Bestimmung und Interpretation des Konzentrationsverlaufes von Peroxyacetylnitrat in der Luft während der Messkampagne ARCTOC 95 auf Spitzbergen, Diploma thesis, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Univ., Muenster, Germany, 1996.
23. DeMore, W. B., S. P. Sander, D. M. Golden, R. F. Hampson, M. J. Kurylo, C. J. Howard, A. R. Ravishankara, C. E. Kolc, and M. J. Molina, Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling, JPL Publ., 97-4, Eval. 12, 1997.
24. Dietz, W. A., Response factors for gas chromatographic analyses, J. Gas Chromatogr., 5, 68-71, 1967.
25. Ettre, L. S., Relative response of the flame ionization detector, J. Chromatogr., 8, 525-530, 1962.
26. Gautrois, M., Entwicklung und Test einer Diffusionsquelle zur Kalibration von gaschromatographischen Messungen halogenierter Kohlenwasserstoffe in der Atmosphäre, Diploma thesis, Gerhard-Mercator-Univ., Duisburg, Germany, 1996.
27. Hausmann, M., and U. Platt, Spectroscopic measurement of bromine oxide and ozone in the high arctic during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,399-25,414, 1994.
28. 8 alkanes at T = 296 ± 2 K, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 27, 1197-1206, 1995.
29. Hopper, J. F., B. Peters, Y. Yokouchi, H. Niki, B. T. Jobson, P. B. Shepson, and K. Muthumaru, Chemical and meteorological observations at ice camp SWAN during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,489-25,498, 1994.
30. 6 hydrocarbons during the Polar Sunrise 92 Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,355-25,368, 1994.
31. Kirchner, U., T. Benter, and R. N. Schindler, Experimental verification of gas phase bromine enrichment in reactions of HOBr with sea salt doped ice surfaces, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 101, 975-977, 1997.
32. Koenig-Langlo, G., and B. Marx, The Meteorological Information System at the Alfred Wegener Institute, in Climate and Environmental Database Systems, edited by M. Lautenschlager and M. Reinke, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass., 1997.
33. Leibrock, E., Entwicklung eines gaschromatographischen Verfahrens zur Spurenanalytik von oxidierten Kohlenwasserstoffen in Luft, in Schriftenreihe des Frauenhofer-Instituts Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, vol. 40-96, Wissenschaftsverlag Dr. W. Maraun, Frankfurt, Germany, 1996.
34. Li, S.-M., Equilibrium of particle nitrite with gas phase HONO: Tropospheric measurements in the high Arctic during polar sunrise, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,469-25,478, 1994.
35. 2 during the ARCTOC campaigns in spring 1995 and 1996, Atmospheric Research in NyÅlesund: Proceedings From the 3rd Nysmac Meeting, NILU Publ. OR 19/97, edited by I. Fløisand et al., pp. 123-126, Norw. Inst. for Air Res., Kjeller, 1997.
36. McKeen, S. A., and S. C. Liu, Hydrocarbon ratios and photochemical history of air masses, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2363-2366, 1993.
37. Moortgat, G. K., R. Meller, and W. Schneider, Temperature dependence (256-296 K) of the absorption cross sections of bromoform in the wavelength range 285-360 nm, in Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in Polar Regions, NATO ASI Ser., Subser. 1, Global Environmental Change, edited by H. Niki and K. H. Becker, pp. 359-370, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
38. Mozurkewich, M., Mechanisms for the release of halogens from seasalt particles by free radical reactions, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 14,199-14,207, 1995.
39. 4 association reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 680-688, 1996.
40. Nicovich, J. M., K. D. Kreutter, and P. Wine, Kinetics of the reaction of Cl and Br with ozone, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 22, 399-414, 1990.
41. Oltmans, S. J., Surface ozone measurements in clean air, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 1174-1180, 1981.
42. Ramacher, B., Messung organischer Spurengase in der arktischen Troposphäre: Hinweise auf einen regionalen halogeninduzierten Ozonabbau, Ber. 3424, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 1997.
43. Ramacher, B., J. Rudolph, and R. Koppmann, Hydrocarbon measurements in the spring arctic troposphere during the ARCTOC 95 campaign, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 466-485, 1997.
44. Sander, R., R. Vogt, G. W. Harris, and P. J. Crutzen, Modeling the chemistry of ozone, halogen compounds, and hydrocarbons in the arctic troposphere during spring, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 522-532, 1997.
45. Scanlon, J. T., and D. E. Willis, Calculation of flame ionization detector relative response factors using the effective carbon number concept, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 23, 333-339, 1985.
46. Solberg, S., N. Schmidbauer, A. Semb, and Ø. Hov, Boundary-layer ozone depletion as seen in the Norwegian arctic in spring, J. Atmos. Chem., 23, 301-332, 1996.
47. Sternberg, J. C., W. S. Gallaway, and D. Jones, The mechanism of response of flame ionization detectors, in Gaschromatography, edited by N. Brenner, J. E. Callen, and M. D. Weiss, pp. 231-267, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1962.
48. Tang, T., and J. C. McConnell, Autocatalytic release of bromine from arctic snow pack during polar sunrise, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2633-2636, 1996.
49. Taylor, P. H., Z. Jiang, and B. Dellinger, Determination of the gas-phase reactivity of hydroxyl with chlorinated methanes at high temperature: Effects of laser/thermal photochemistry, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 25, 9-23, 1993.
50. Tschuikow-Roux, E., T. Yano, and J. Niedzielski, Reactions of ground state chlorine atoms with fluorinated methanes and ethanes, J. Phys. Chem., 82, 65-73, 1985.
51. Tschuikow-Roux, E., F. Faraji, S. Paddison, J. Niedzielski, and K. Miyokawa, Kinetics of photochlorination of halogen (F, Cl, Br) substituted methanes, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 1488-1497, 1988.
52. Tuckermann, M., R. Ackermann, C. Gölz, H. Lorenzen-Schmidt, T. Senne, J. Stutz, B. Trost, W. Unold, and U. Platt, DOAS-observation of halogen radical-catalysed arctic boundary layer ozone destruction during the ARCTOC-campaigns 1995 and 1996 in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 533-555, 1997.
53. Vogt, R., P. J. Crutzen, and R. Sander, A mechanism for halogen release from sea-salt aerosol in the remote marine boundary layer, Nature, 383, 327-330, 1996.
54. Wallington, T. J., L. M. Skewes, and W. O. Siegl, Kinetics of the gas phase reaction of chlorine atoms with a series of alkenes, alkynes, and aromatics at 295 K, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 45, 167-175, 1988.
55. Warneck, P., Chemistry of the Natural Atmosphere, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1988.
56. Wessel, S., Troposphärische Ozonvariationen in Polarregionen, Ber. Polarforschung 224, Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany, 1997.
57. Yokouchi, Y., H. Akimoto, L. A. Barrie, J. W. Bottenheim, K. Anlauf, and B. T. Jobson, Serial gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric measurements of some volatile organic compounds in the arctic atmosphere during the 1992 Polar Sunrise Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,379-25,389, 1994.