메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 232-239

Myofascial trigger points: Translating molecular theory into manual therapy

Author keywords

Acetycholine Receptor; Acetylcholinesterase; Motor Endplate; Myofascial Trigger Points

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR;

EID: 33846227571     PISSN: 10669817     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/106698106790819982     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (64)

References (64)
  • 2
    • 0029913881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and etiological update of myofascial pain from trigger points
    • Simons, DG. Clinical and etiological update of myofascial pain from trigger points. J Musculoskel Pain 1996;4:97-125.
    • (1996) J Musculoskel Pain , vol.4 , pp. 97-125
    • Simons, D.G.1
  • 3
    • 0027445804 scopus 로고
    • Myofascial trigger points show spontaneous needle EMG activity
    • Hubbard DR, Berkoff GM. Myofascial trigger points show spontaneous needle EMG activity. Spine 1993;18:1803-1807.
    • (1993) Spine , vol.18 , pp. 1803-1807
    • Hubbard, D.R.1    Berkoff, G.M.2
  • 4
    • 84960962489 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat
    • Liley AW. An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat J Physiology (Lond) 1956;132:650-666.
    • (1956) J Physiology (Lond , vol.132 , pp. 650-666
    • Liley, A.W.1
  • 5
    • 0842284393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of enigmatic MTrPs as a common cause of enigmatic musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction
    • Simons DG. Review of enigmatic MTrPs as a common cause of enigmatic musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction. J Electromyog Kinesiol 2004;14:95-107.
    • (2004) J Electromyog Kinesiol , vol.14 , pp. 95-107
    • Simons, D.G.1
  • 6
    • 0036081080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of botulinum toxin on endplate noise in myofascial trigger spots of rabbit skeletal muscle
    • Kuan TS, Chen JT, Chen SM, Chien CH, Hong CZ. Effect of botulinum toxin on endplate noise in myofascial trigger spots of rabbit skeletal muscle. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:512-520.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.81 , pp. 512-520
    • Kuan, T.S.1    Chen, J.T.2    Chen, S.M.3    Chien, C.H.4    Hong, C.Z.5
  • 7
    • 0038516855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesions of rat skeletal muscle after local block of acetylcholinesterase and neuromuscular stimulation
    • Mense S, Simons DG, Hoheisel U, Quenzer B. Lesions of rat skeletal muscle after local block of acetylcholinesterase and neuromuscular stimulation. J Appl Physiol 2003;94:2494-2501.
    • (2003) J Appl Physiol , vol.94 , pp. 2494-2501
    • Mense, S.1    Simons, D.G.2    Hoheisel, U.3    Quenzer, B.4
  • 8
    • 0030614369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics, Ca2+ dependence, and biophysical properties of integrin-mediated mechanical modulation of transmitter release from frog motor nerve terminals
    • Chen BM, Grinnell AD. Kinetics, Ca2+ dependence, and biophysical properties of integrin-mediated mechanical modulation of transmitter release from frog motor nerve terminals. J Neurosci 1997;17:904-916.
    • (1997) J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 904-916
    • Chen, B.M.1    Grinnell, A.D.2
  • 9
    • 2942670678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Travell trigger points: Molecular and osteopathic perspectives
    • McPartland JM. Travell trigger points: Molecular and osteopathic perspectives. J Amer Osteopathic Assoc 2002;104:244-249.
    • (2002) J Amer Osteopathic Assoc , vol.104 , pp. 244-249
    • McPartland, J.M.1
  • 10
    • 0033568704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural roles of acetylcholinesterase variants in biology and pathology
    • Grisaru D, Sternfeld M, Eldor A, Glick D, Soreq H. Structural roles of acetylcholinesterase variants in biology and pathology. Eur J Biochem 1999;264:672-686.
    • (1999) Eur J Biochem , vol.264 , pp. 672-686
    • Grisaru, D.1    Sternfeld, M.2    Eldor, A.3    Glick, D.4    Soreq, H.5
  • 11
    • 0022658404 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of necrosis in human intercostal muscle following inhalation of an organophosphate insecticide
    • Wecker L, Mrak RE, Dettbarn WD. Evidence of necrosis in human intercostal muscle following inhalation of an organophosphate insecticide. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1986;6:172-174.
    • (1986) Fundam Appl Toxicol , vol.6 , pp. 172-174
    • Wecker, L.1    Mrak, R.E.2    Dettbarn, W.D.3
  • 12
    • 0031740930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinidine prevents paraoxon-induced necrotizing myopathy in rats
    • De Bleecker JL, Meire VI, Pappens S. Quinidine prevents paraoxon-induced necrotizing myopathy in rats. Neurotoxicology 1998;19:833-838.
    • (1998) Neurotoxicology , vol.19 , pp. 833-838
    • De Bleecker, J.L.1    Meire, V.I.2    Pappens, S.3
  • 13
    • 0024466391 scopus 로고
    • Calcium channel blocker reverses anticholinesterase-induced myopathy
    • Meshul CK. Calcium channel blocker reverses anticholinesterase-induced myopathy. Brain Res 1989;497:142-148.
    • (1989) Brain Res , vol.497 , pp. 142-148
    • Meshul, C.K.1
  • 14
    • 0033621177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum choline activates mutant acetylcholine receptors that cause slow channel congenital myasthenic syndromes
    • Zhou M, Engel AG, Auerbach A. Serum choline activates mutant acetylcholine receptors that cause slow channel congenital myasthenic syndromes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:10466-10471.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.96 , pp. 10466-10471
    • Zhou, M.1    Engel, A.G.2    Auerbach, A.3
  • 15
    • 13544266220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subunit-specific contribution to agonist binding and channel gating revealed by inherited mutation in muscle acetylcholine receptor M3-M4 linker
    • Shen XM, Ohno K, Sine SM, Engel AG. Subunit-specific contribution to agonist binding and channel gating revealed by inherited mutation in muscle acetylcholine receptor M3-M4 linker. Brain 2005;128:345-355.
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 345-355
    • Shen, X.M.1    Ohno, K.2    Sine, S.M.3    Engel, A.G.4
  • 16
    • 0035192842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local anesthetics noncompetitively inhibit function of four distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes
    • Gentry CL, Lukas RJ. Local anesthetics noncompetitively inhibit function of four distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:1038-1048.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.299 , pp. 1038-1048
    • Gentry, C.L.1    Lukas, R.J.2
  • 18
    • 14644430335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of motoneuron excitability via motor endplate acetylcholine receptor activation
    • Nakanishi ST, Cope TC, Rich MM, Carrasco DI, Pinter MJ. Regulation of motoneuron excitability via motor endplate acetylcholine receptor activation. J Neurosci 2005;25:2226-2232.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 2226-2232
    • Nakanishi, S.T.1    Cope, T.C.2    Rich, M.M.3    Carrasco, D.I.4    Pinter, M.J.5
  • 20
    • 0033016805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptors undergo axonal flow in sensory nerves
    • Hohmann AG, Herkenham M. Cannabinoid receptors undergo axonal flow in sensory nerves. Neuroscience 1999;92:1171-1175.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.92 , pp. 1171-1175
    • Hohmann, A.G.1    Herkenham, M.2
  • 21
    • 0031671681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids decrease acetylcholine release in the medial-prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
    • Gessa GL, Casu MA, Carta G, Mascia MS. Cannabinoids decrease acetylcholine release in the medial-prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 1998;355:119-124.
    • (1998) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.355 , pp. 119-124
    • Gessa, G.L.1    Casu, M.A.2    Carta, G.3    Mascia, M.S.4
  • 22
    • 0031833125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP and adenosine inhibit transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction through distinct presynaptic receptors
    • Giniatullin RA, Sokolova EM. ATP and adenosine inhibit transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction through distinct presynaptic receptors. Br J Pharmacol 1998;124:839-844.
    • (1998) Br J Pharmacol , vol.124 , pp. 839-844
    • Giniatullin, R.A.1    Sokolova, E.M.2
  • 23
    • 4344622283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenosine decreases both presynaptic calcium currents and neurotransmitter release at the mouse neuromuscular junction
    • Silinsky EM. Adenosine decreases both presynaptic calcium currents and neurotransmitter release at the mouse neuromuscular junction. J Physiol 2004;558:389-401.
    • (2004) J Physiol , vol.558 , pp. 389-401
    • Silinsky, E.M.1
  • 24
    • 6444225887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetanic depression is overcome by tonic adenosine A(2A) receptor facilitation of L-type Ca(2+) influx into rat motor nerve terminals
    • Oliveira L, Timoteo MA, Correia-de-Sa P. Tetanic depression is overcome by tonic adenosine A(2A) receptor facilitation of L-type Ca(2+) influx into rat motor nerve terminals. J Physiol 2004;560:157-168.
    • (2004) J Physiol , vol.560 , pp. 157-168
    • Oliveira, L.1    Timoteo, M.A.2    Correia-de-Sa, P.3
  • 25
    • 33846239385 scopus 로고
    • The use of biofeedback in pain management
    • Headly BJ. The use of biofeedback in pain management. Physical Therapy Practice 1993;2(2):29-40.
    • (1993) Physical Therapy Practice , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 29-40
    • Headly, B.J.1
  • 26
    • 33846236857 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome utilizing biofeedback
    • ed, Nevada City, NV: Clinical Resources
    • Headly BJ. Evaluation and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome utilizing biofeedback. In: Cram JR, ed. Clinical Electromyography for Surface Recordings. Vol. 2. Nevada City, NV: Clinical Resources, 1990:235-254.
    • (1990) Clinical Electromyography for Surface Recordings , vol.2 , pp. 235-254
    • Headly, B.J.1
  • 27
    • 0039868499 scopus 로고
    • Chronic pain management
    • O'Sullivan SB, Schmitz TS, eds, Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Co
    • Headly BJ. Chronic pain management. In: O'Sullivan SB, Schmitz TS, eds. Physical Rehabilitation: Assessment and Treatment. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Co., 1994:577-600.
    • (1994) Physical Rehabilitation: Assessment and Treatment , pp. 577-600
    • Headly, B.J.1
  • 29
    • 26444595334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shah JP, Phillips TM, Danoff JV, Gerber LH. An in vivo microanalytical technique for measuring the local biochemical milieu of human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2005;99:1977-1984
    • Shah JP, Phillips TM, Danoff JV, Gerber LH. An in vivo microanalytical technique for measuring the local biochemical milieu of human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2005;99:1977-1984
  • 30
    • 2942649869 scopus 로고
    • The spinal cord as organizer of disease processes
    • Peterson B, ed, Newark, OH: American Academy of Osteopathy
    • Korr IM. The spinal cord as organizer of disease processes. In: Peterson B, ed. The Collected Papers of Irvin M. Korr. Newark, OH: American Academy of Osteopathy, 1979:207-221.
    • (1979) The Collected Papers of Irvin M. Korr , pp. 207-221
    • Korr, I.M.1
  • 31
    • 0036554827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic modulation of muscle spindle afferent sensitivity to stretch in rabbit jaw closing muscles
    • Roatta S, Windhorst U, Ljubisavljevic M, Johansson H, Passatore M. Sympathetic modulation of muscle spindle afferent sensitivity to stretch in rabbit jaw closing muscles. J Physiol 2002;540:237-248.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.540 , pp. 237-248
    • Roatta, S.1    Windhorst, U.2    Ljubisavljevic, M.3    Johansson, H.4    Passatore, M.5
  • 32
    • 0036710028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of noradrenaline on the amplitude-time characteristics of multiquantum endplate currents and the kinetics of induced secretion of transmitter quanta
    • Bukharaeva EA, Gainulov RKh, Nikol'skii EE. The effects of noradrenaline on the amplitude-time characteristics of multiquantum endplate currents and the kinetics of induced secretion of transmitter quanta. Neurosci Behav Physiol 2002;32:549-554.
    • (2002) Neurosci Behav Physiol , vol.32 , pp. 549-554
    • Bukharaeva, E.A.1    Gainulov, R.K.2    Nikol'skii, E.E.3
  • 33
    • 0031858195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phentolamine effect on the spontaneous electrical activity of active loci in a myofascial trigger spot of rabbit skeletal muscle
    • Chen JT, Chen SM, Kuan TS, Chung KC, Hong CZ. Phentolamine effect on the spontaneous electrical activity of active loci in a myofascial trigger spot of rabbit skeletal muscle. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998;79:790-794.
    • (1998) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , pp. 790-794
    • Chen, J.T.1    Chen, S.M.2    Kuan, T.S.3    Chung, K.C.4    Hong, C.Z.5
  • 34
    • 0035486871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurophysiology of myofascial pain syndrome
    • Rivner MH. The neurophysiology of myofascial pain syndrome. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2001;5:432-440.
    • (2001) Curr Pain Headache Rep , vol.5 , pp. 432-440
    • Rivner, M.H.1
  • 36
    • 0023197071 scopus 로고
    • Chain reactions in disturbed function of the motor system
    • Lewit K. Chain reactions in disturbed function of the motor system. Manual Medicine 1987;3:27-29.
    • (1987) Manual Medicine , vol.3 , pp. 27-29
    • Lewit, K.1
  • 39
    • 0021152132 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of spindle concentrations in large and small muscles acting in parallel combinations
    • Peck D, Buxton DF, Nitz A. A comparison of spindle concentrations in large and small muscles acting in parallel combinations. J Morphology 1984;180:243-252.
    • (1984) J Morphology , vol.180 , pp. 243-252
    • Peck, D.1    Buxton, D.F.2    Nitz, A.3
  • 40
    • 0018171031 scopus 로고
    • The influence of temperature on neuromuscular performance
    • Foldes FF, Kuze S, Vizi ES, Deery A. The influence of temperature on neuromuscular performance. J Neural Transm 1978;43:27-45.
    • (1978) J Neural Transm , vol.43 , pp. 27-45
    • Foldes, F.F.1    Kuze, S.2    Vizi, E.S.3    Deery, A.4
  • 42
    • 0027267712 scopus 로고
    • Muscle contracture and twitch depression induced by arsenite in the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm
    • Hsu KS, Kang JJ, Lin-Shiau SY. Muscle contracture and twitch depression induced by arsenite in the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm. Jpn J Pharmacol 1993;62:161-168.
    • (1993) Jpn J Pharmacol , vol.62 , pp. 161-168
    • Hsu, K.S.1    Kang, J.J.2    Lin-Shiau, S.Y.3
  • 43
    • 0037040928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up-regulation of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels after long-term exposure to nicotine in cerebral cortical neurons
    • Katsura M, Mohri Y, Shuto K, Hai-Du Y, Amano T, Tsujimura A, Sasa M, Ohkuma S. Up-regulation of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels after long-term exposure to nicotine in cerebral cortical neurons. J Biol Chem 2002;277:7979-7988.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 7979-7988
    • Katsura, M.1    Mohri, Y.2    Shuto, K.3    Hai-Du, Y.4    Amano, T.5    Tsujimura, A.6    Sasa, M.7    Ohkuma, S.8
  • 44
    • 0034946379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of ethanol on neuromuscular junctions of adult toad.]
    • Yu J, Lu G, Xu J. [The effects of ethanol on neuromuscular junctions of adult toad.] Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2001;32:274-276.
    • (2001) Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao , vol.32 , pp. 274-276
    • Yu, J.1    Lu, G.2    Xu, J.3
  • 45
    • 0342911107 scopus 로고
    • Chronic myofascial pain: Iron insufficiency and coldness as risk factors
    • abstract
    • Gerwin R, Gevirtz R. Chronic myofascial pain: Iron insufficiency and coldness as risk factors. J Musculoskel Pain 1995;3(Suppl 1):120 [abstract].
    • (1995) J Musculoskel Pain , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 120
    • Gerwin, R.1    Gevirtz, R.2
  • 46
    • 0025455483 scopus 로고
    • Gewebe-pO2-Messung in der verspannten Rückenmuskulatur (m. erector spinae) [Tissue pO2 measurement in hypertonic back muscles]
    • Brückle W, Suckfüll M, Fleckenstein W, Weiss C, Müller W. Gewebe-pO2-Messung in der verspannten Rückenmuskulatur (m. erector spinae) [Tissue pO2 measurement in hypertonic back muscles]. Z Rheumatol 1990;49:208-216.
    • (1990) Z Rheumatol , vol.49 , pp. 208-216
    • Brückle, W.1    Suckfüll, M.2    Fleckenstein, W.3    Weiss, C.4    Müller, W.5
  • 48
    • 85039138589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berger J. Vermont DO urges peers to learn about herbal medicine. The DO 1999;40(3):58-60.
    • Berger J. Vermont DO urges peers to learn about herbal medicine. The DO 1999;40(3):58-60.
  • 50
    • 0033160865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Side effects of pharmaceuticals not elicited by comparable herbal medicines: The case of tetrahydrocannabinol and marijuana
    • McPartland JM, Pruitt PP. Side effects of pharmaceuticals not elicited by comparable herbal medicines: The case of tetrahydrocannabinol and marijuana. Alternative Therapies Health Medicine 1999;5(4):57-62.
    • (1999) Alternative Therapies Health Medicine , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 57-62
    • McPartland, J.M.1    Pruitt, P.P.2
  • 51
    • 33645816506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sativex: Clinical efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of symptoms of multiple sclerosis and neuropathic pain
    • Barnes MP. Sativex: Clinical efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of symptoms of multiple sclerosis and neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2006;7:607-615.
    • (2006) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.7 , pp. 607-615
    • Barnes, M.P.1
  • 53
    • 0022726814 scopus 로고
    • Spinal manipulation and beta-endorphin: A controlled study of the effect of a spinal manipulation on plasma beta-endorphin levels in normal males
    • Vernon HT, Dhami MS, Howley TP, Annett R. Spinal manipulation and beta-endorphin: A controlled study of the effect of a spinal manipulation on plasma beta-endorphin levels in normal males. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1986;9:115-123.
    • (1986) J Manipulative Physiol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 115-123
    • Vernon, H.T.1    Dhami, M.S.2    Howley, T.P.3    Annett, R.4
  • 54
    • 0028148918 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome
    • Cheshire WP, Abashian SW, Mann JD. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. Pain 1994;59:65-69.
    • (1994) Pain , vol.59 , pp. 65-69
    • Cheshire, W.P.1    Abashian, S.W.2    Mann, J.D.3
  • 55
    • 13844251820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous muscle action potentials are blocked by N-type and P/Q-calcium channels blockers in the rat spinal cord-muscle coculture system
    • Taguchi K, Shiina M, Shibata K, Utsunomiya I, Miyatake T. Spontaneous muscle action potentials are blocked by N-type and P/Q-calcium channels blockers in the rat spinal cord-muscle coculture system. Brain Res 2005;1034:62-70.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1034 , pp. 62-70
    • Taguchi, K.1    Shiina, M.2    Shibata, K.3    Utsunomiya, I.4    Miyatake, T.5
  • 56
    • 0036117663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a calcium channel blocker on electrical activity in myofascial trigger spots of rabbits
    • Hou CR, Chung KC, Chen JT, Hong CZ. Effects of a calcium channel blocker on electrical activity in myofascial trigger spots of rabbits. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:342-349.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.81 , pp. 342-349
    • Hou, C.R.1    Chung, K.C.2    Chen, J.T.3    Hong, C.Z.4
  • 58
    • 0037960952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nifedipine-mediated mobilization of intracellular calcium stores increases spontaneous neurotransmitter release at neonatal rat motor nerve terminals
    • Piriz J, Rosato Siri MD, Pagani R, Uchitel OD. Nifedipine-mediated mobilization of intracellular calcium stores increases spontaneous neurotransmitter release at neonatal rat motor nerve terminals. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003;306:658-663.
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.306 , pp. 658-663
    • Piriz, J.1    Rosato Siri, M.D.2    Pagani, R.3    Uchitel, O.D.4
  • 59
    • 23044471820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence against trigger point injection technique for the treatment of cervicothoracic myofascial pain with botulinum toxin type A
    • Ferrante FM, Bearn L, Rothrock R, King L. Evidence against trigger point injection technique for the treatment of cervicothoracic myofascial pain with botulinum toxin type A. Anesthesiology 2005;103:377-383.
    • (2005) Anesthesiology , vol.103 , pp. 377-383
    • Ferrante, F.M.1    Bearn, L.2    Rothrock, R.3    King, L.4
  • 60
    • 0036442603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myofascial pain response to topical lidocaine patch therapy: A case report
    • Dalpiaz AS, Dodds TA. Myofascial pain response to topical lidocaine patch therapy: A case report. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacoth 2002;16:99-104.
    • (2002) J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacoth , vol.16 , pp. 99-104
    • Dalpiaz, A.S.1    Dodds, T.A.2
  • 61
    • 0035192842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local anesthetics noncompetitively inhibit function of four distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes
    • Gentry CL, Lukas RJ. Local anesthetics noncompetitively inhibit function of four distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:1038-1048.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.299 , pp. 1038-1048
    • Gentry, C.L.1    Lukas, R.J.2
  • 62
    • 0036606345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of capsaicin cream for abdominal wall scar pain
    • McPartland JM. Use of capsaicin cream for abdominal wall scar pain. Am Fam Phys 2002;65:2211-2212.
    • (2002) Am Fam Phys , vol.65 , pp. 2211-2212
    • McPartland, J.M.1
  • 63
    • 0036250947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sourcing the code: Searching for the evolutionary origins of cannabinoid receptors, vanilloid receptors, and anandamide
    • McPartland JM, Pruitt PL. Sourcing the code: Searching for the evolutionary origins of cannabinoid receptors, vanilloid receptors, and anandamide. J Canna Therapeut 2002;2:73-103.
    • (2002) J Canna Therapeut , vol.2 , pp. 73-103
    • McPartland, J.M.1    Pruitt, P.L.2
  • 64
    • 20344378671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine changes with microcurrent treatment of fibromyalgia associated with cervical spine trauma
    • McMakin Cr, Gregory WM, Phillips TM. Cytokine changes with microcurrent treatment of fibromyalgia associated with cervical spine trauma. J Bodywork Movement Ther 2005;9:169-176.
    • (2005) J Bodywork Movement Ther , vol.9 , pp. 169-176
    • McMakin, C.1    Gregory, W.M.2    Phillips, T.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.