What is being masked in object substitution masking?

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1422-1435

  Gellatly, Angus ^a   Pilling, Michael ^a,d   Cole, Geoff ^b   Skarratt, Paul ^c  

^a OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Object substitution masking; Visual attention

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLOR VISION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPTH PERCEPTION; HUMAN; PERCEPTION; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TIME; UNITED KINGDOM; VISION;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ATTENTION; COLOR PERCEPTION; DISCRIMINATION (PSYCHOLOGY); GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; PERCEPTUAL MASKING; SPACE PERCEPTION; TIME FACTORS; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 33845650936     PISSN: 00961523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.32.6.1422     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Breitmeyer, B. G. (1984). Visual masking: An integrative approach. New York: Oxford University Press.
2. Di Lollo, V., Enns, J. T., & Rensink, R. A. (2000). Competition for consciousness among visual events: The psychophysics of reentrant visual processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129, 481-507.
3. Driver, J., & Baylis, G. C. (1989). Movement and visual attention: The spotlight metaphor breaks down. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15, 448-456.
4. Droll, J. A., Hayhoe, M. M., Triesch, J., & Sullivan, B. T. (2005). Task demands control acquisition and storage of visual information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 1416-1438.
5. Duncan, J. (1984). Selective attention and organization of visual information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 501-517.
6. Duncan, J. (1996). Cooperating brain systems in selective perception and action. In T. Inui & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Attention and performance XVI: Information integration in perception and communication (pp. 549-578). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
7. Duncan, J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1992). Beyond the search surface: Visual search and attentional engagement. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 578-588.
8. Egly, R., Driver, J., & Rafal, R. D. (1994). Shifting visual attention between objects and locations: Evidence from normal and parietal lesion subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 161-177.
9. Enns, J. T. (2004). Object substitution and its relation to other forms of visual masking. Vision Research, 44, 1321-1331.
10. Enns, J. T., & Austen, E. (2003). Change detection in an attended face depends on the expectations of the observer. Journal of Vision, 3, 64-74.
11. Enns, J. T., & Austen, E. (in press) Mental schemata and the limits of perception. In Peterson, M. A., Gillam, B., & Sedgwick, H. A. (Eds.), In the mind's eye: Julian Hochberg on the perception of pictures, film, and the world. New York: Oxford University Press.
12. Enns, J. T., & Di Lollo, V. (1997). Object substitution: A new form of masking in unattended visual locations. Psychological Science, 8, 135-139.
13. Enns, J. T., & Di Lollo, V. (2000). What's new in visual masking? Trends in Cognitive Science, 4, 345-352.
14. Fehrer, E., & Biederman, I. (1962). A comparison of reaction time and verbal report in the detection of masked stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64, 126-130.
15. Fehrer, E., & Raab, D. (1962). Reaction time to stimuli masked by metacontrast. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63, 143-147.
16. Growney, R., & Weisstein, N. (1972). Spatial characteristic of metacontrast. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 62, 690-696.
17. Hochberg, J. (1984). Form perception: Experience and explanations. In P. C. Dodwell & T. Caelli (Eds.) Figural synthesis (pp. 1-30). Hillsdale, N. J.: Erlbaum.
18. Jacoby, L. L. (1998). Invariance in automatic influences on memory: Toward a user's guide for the process dissociation procedure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24, 3-26.
19. Kahan, T. A., & Mathis, K. M. (2002). Gestalt grouping and common onset masking. Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 1248-1259.
20. Kanwisher, N. (1987). Repetition blindness: Type recognition without token individuation. Cognition, 27, 117-143.
21. Kanwisher, N., Driver, J., & Machado, L. (1995). Spatial repetition blindness is modulated by selective attention to colour or shape. Cognitive Psychology, 29, 303-337.
22. Lavie, N. (2005). Distracted and confused?: Selective attention under load. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9, 75-82.
23. Lleras, A., & Moore, C. M. (2003). When the target becomes a mask: Using apparent motion to isolate the object component of objectsubstitution masking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 106-120.
24. Logan, G. D. (1996). The CODE theory of visual attention: An integration of space- based and object-based attention. Psychological Review, 103, 603-649.
25. Logan, G. D. (2004). Cumulative progress in formal theories of attention. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 207-234.
26. MacKay, D. M. (1973). Visual stability and voluntary eye movements. In R. Jung (Ed.), Handbook of sensory physiology (Vol. VII/3A, pp. 307-331). Berlin: Springer.
27. Moore, C. M., & Lleras, A. (2005). On the role of object representations in object substitution masking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 1171-1180.
28. Mounts, J. R. W., & Melara, R. D. (1999). Attentional selection of objects or features: Evidence from a modified search task. Perception & Psychophysics, 61, 322-341.
29. Neill, W. T., Hutchinson, K. A., & Graves, D. F. (2002). Masking by object substitution: Dissociation of masking and cuing effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28, 682-694.
30. Nothdurft, H.-C. (2000). Salience from feature contrast: Additivity across dimensions. Vision Research, 40, 1183-1202.
31. O'Regan, J. K. (1992). Solving the "real" mysteries of visual perception: The world as an outside memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 46, 461-488.
32. Rafal, R., Danziger, S., Giordano, G. Machado, L., & Ward, R. (2002). Visual detection is gated by attending for action: Evidence from hemispatial neglect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99, 16371-16375.
33. Rensink, R. A. (2000). Seeing, sensing and scrutinizing. Vision Research, 40, 1469-1487.
34. Schiller, P. H., & Smith, M. C. (1966). Detection in metacontrast. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71, 32-39.
35. Scholl, B. J. (2001). Objects and attention: The state of the art. Cognition, 80, 1-46.
36. Spencer, T. J., & Shuntich, R. (1970). Evidence for an interruption theory of backward masking. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 85, 198-203.
37. Tata, M. S. (2002). Attend to it now or lose it forever: Selective attention, metacontrast masking and object substitution. Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 1028-1038.
38. Tata, M. S., & Giaschi, D. E. (2004). Warning: Attending to a mask may be hazardous to your perception. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 262-268.
39. Treisman, A. M. (1988). Features and objects: The fourteenth Bartlett Memorial lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology, 40(A), 201-237.
40. Treisman, A. M. (1995). Modularity and attention: Is the binding problem real? Visual Cognition, 2, 303-311.
41. Treisman, A. M., & Kanwisher, N. G. (1998). Perceiving visually presented objects: Recognition, awareness, and modularity. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 8, 218-226.
42. Uttal, W. R. (1970). On the physiological basis of masking with dotted noise. Perception & Psychophysics, 7, 321-327.
43. Wolfe, J. M., & Cave, K. R. (1999). The psychophysical evidence for a binding problem in human vision. Neuron, 24, 11-17.
44. Yellott, J. L., & Wandell, B. A. (1976). Colour properties of the contrast flash effect: Monoptic vs dichoptic comparisons. Vision Research, 16, 1275-1280.