A tale of two diversifications: Reciprocal habitat shifts to fill ecological space along the pond permanence gradient

American Naturalist

Volumn 168, Issue SUPPL., 2006, Pages

  Stoks, Robby ^a,b   McPeek, Mark A ^a  

^a Dartmouth College ^*  (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Adaptation; Antipredator behavior; Community structure; Ecomorphology; Enallagma; Lestes; Odonata; Speciation

Indexed keywords

FRESH WATER; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA;

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; DAMSELFLY; ECOMORPHOLOGY; HABITAT SELECTION; LACUSTRINE ENVIRONMENT; PHYLOGENETICS; POND; SPECIES DIVERSITY;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; BIODIVERSITY; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; CONFERENCE PAPER; DIGESTION; DNA SEQUENCE; ENVIRONMENT; FOOD CHAIN; HISTOLOGY; INSECT; LARVA; NORTH AMERICA; PHENOTYPE; PHYLOGENY; PHYSIOLOGY; PREDATION; SWIMMING;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; BIODIVERSITY; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; DIGESTION; DNA, MITOCHONDRIAL; ENVIRONMENT; FOOD CHAIN; FRESH WATER; INSECTS; LARVA; NORTH AMERICA; PHENOTYPE; PHYLOGENY; PREDATORY BEHAVIOR; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SWIMMING;

NORTH AMERICA;

ANISOPTERA (DRAGONFLIES); ENALLAGMA; LESTES; ODONATA; ZYGOPTERA;

EID: 33845241011     PISSN: 00030147     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/509045     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (96)

1. Baker, R. L., and H. F. Clifford. 1981. Life cycles and food of Coenagrion resolutum and Lestes disjunctus disjunctus (Lestidae: Odonata) populations from the boreal forest of Alberta, Canada. Aquatic Insects 3:179-191.
2. Baker, R. L., C. M. Elkin, and H. A. Brennan. 1999. Aggressive interactions and risk of fish predation for larval damselflies. Journal of Insect Behavior 12:213-223.
3. Brower, A. V. Z. 1994. Rapid morphological radiation and convergence among races of the butterfly Heliconius erato, inferred from patterns of mitochondrial DNA evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 91:6491-6495.
4. Brown, J. M., M. A. McPeek, and M. L. May. 2000. A phylogenetic perspective on habitat shifts and diversity in the North American Enallagma damselflies. Systematic Biology 49:697-712.
5. Chesson, P. 2000. Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:343-366.
6. Diamond, J. M. 1975. Assembly of species communities. Pages 342-444 in M. L. Cody and J. M. Diamond, eds. Ecology and evolution of communities. Belknap, Cambridge, MA.
7. Donnelly, T. W. 2004. Distribution of North American Odonata. III. Calopterygidae, Lestidae, Coenagrionidae, Protoneuridae, Platystictidae, with data sources and bibliography. Bulletin of American Odonatology 8:33-99.
8. Duffy, W. G. 1994. Demographics of Lestes disjunctus (Odonata: Zygoptera) in a riverine wetland. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:910-917.
9. Elkin, C. M., and R. L. Baker. 2000. Lack of preference for low-predation-risk habitats in larval damselflies explained by costs of intraspecific interactions. Animal Behaviour 60:511-521.
10. Felsenstein, J. 1985. Phylogenies and the comparative method. American Naturalist 125:1-15.
11. _. 1988. Phylogenies and quantitative characters. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 19:445-471.
12. Fukami, T. 2004. Community assembly along a species pool gradient: implications for multiple-scale patterns of species diversity. Population Ecology 46:137-147.
13. Gardner, A. E. 1952. The life history of Lestes dryas Kirby (Odonata). Entomologist's Gazette 3:4-26.
14. Gilpin, M. E. 1975. Stability of feasible predator-prey systems. Nature 254:137-139.
15. Gower, J. L., and E. J. Kormondy. 1963. Life history of the damselfly Lestes rectangularis with special reference to seasonal regulation. Ecology 44:398-402.
16. Grant, P. R. 1986. Ecology and evolution of Darwin's finches. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
17. Harmon, L. J., J. J. Kolbe, J. M. Cheverud, and J. B. Losos. 2005. Convergence and the multidimensional niche. Evolution 59:409-421.
18. Henry, C. S., M. L. M. Wells, and C. M. Simon. 1999. Convergent evolution of courtship songs among cryptic species of the Carnea group of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysoperla). Evolution 53:1165-1179.
19. Holt, R. D., J. P. Grover, and D. Tilman. 1994. Simple rules for interspecific dominance in systems with exploitative and apparent competition. American Naturalist 144:741-771.
20. Hubbell, S. P. 2001. The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
21. Ingram, B.R. 1976. Life histories of three species of Lestidae in North Carolina, United States (Zygoptera). Odonatologica 5:231-244.
22. Jackson, J. B. C., and A. H. Cheetham. 1994. Phylogeny reconstruction and the tempo of speciation in cheilostome Bryozoa. Paleobiology 20:407-423.
23. Jödicke, R. 1997. Die Binsenjungfern und Winterlibellen Europas. Westarp, Heidelberg.
24. Johnson, D. M., and P. H. Crowley. 1980. Habitat and seasonal segregation among coexisting odonate larvae. Odonatologica 9:297-308.
25. Kambhampati, S., and P. T. Smith. 1995. PCR primers for amplification of four insect mitochondrial gene fragments. Insect Molecular Biology 4:233-236.
26. Kaneshiro, K. Y., and C. R. B. Boake. 1987. Sexual selection and speciation: issues raised by Hawaiian Drosophila. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 2:207-212.
27. Kurtén, B., and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene mammals of North America. Columbia University Press, New York.
28. Larson, A., and J. B. Losos. 1996. Phylogenetic systematics of adaptation. Pages 187-220 in M. R. Rose and G. V. Lauder, eds. Adaptation. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
29. Leibold, M. A. 1996. A graphical model of keystone predators in food webs: trophic regulation of abundance, incidence, and diversity patterns in communities. American Naturalist 147:784-812.
30. _. 1998. Similarity and local coexistence of species from regional biotas. Evolutionary Ecology 12:95-110.
31. Leibold, M. A., and M. A. McPeek. 2006. Coexistence of the niche and neutral perspectives in community ecology. Ecology 87:1399-1410.
32. Loreau, M., and N. Mouquet. 1999. Immigration and the maintenance of local species diversity. American Naturalist 154:427-440.
33. Losos, J. B. 1990. A phylogenetic analysis of character displacement in Caribbean Anolis lizards. Evolution 44:558-569.
34. _. 1992. The evolution of convergent structure in Caribbean Anolis communities. Systematic Biology 41:403-420.
35. Losos, J. B., T. R. Jackman, A. Larson, K. de Queiroz, and L. Rodriguez-Schettino. 1998. Contingency and determinism in replicated adaptive radiations of island lizards. Science 279:2115-2118.
36. Lutz, P. E. 1968a. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on larval development in Lestes eurinus Say (Odonata: Lestidae). Ecology 49:637-644.
37. _. 1968b. Life-history studies on Lestes eurinus Say (Odonata). Ecology 49:576-579.
38. Lutz, P. E., and A. R. Pittman. 1968. Oviposition and early developmental stages of Lestes eurinus (Odonata: Lestidae). American Midland Naturalist 80:43-51.
39. MacArthur, R. H. 1972. Geographical ecology. Harper & Row, New York.
40. McPeek, M. A. 1990a. Behavioral differences between Enallagma species (Odonata) influencing differential vulnerability to predators. Ecology 71:1714-1726.
41. _. 1990b. Determination of species composition in the Enallagma damselfly assemblage of permanent lakes. Ecology 71:83-98.
42. _. 1995a. Morphological evolution mediated by behavior in the damselflies of two communities. Evolution 49:749-769.
43. _. 1995b. Testing hypotheses about evolutionary change on single branches of a phylogeny using evolutionary contrasts. American Naturalist 145:686-703.
44. _. 1996. Trade-offs, food web structure, and the coexistence of habitat specialists and generalists. American Naturalist 148(suppl.):S124-S138.
45. _. 1997. Measuring phenotypic selection on an adaptation: lamellae of damselflies experiencing dragonfly predation. Evolution 51:459-466.
46. _. 1998. The consequences of changing the top predator in a food web: a comparative experimental approach. Ecological Monographs 68:1-23.
47. _. 1999. Biochemical evolution associated with antipredator adaptation in damselflies. Evolution 53:1835-1845.
48. _. 2000. Predisposed to adapt? clade-level differences in characters affecting swimming performance in damselflies. Evolution 54:2072-2080.
49. _. 2004. The growth/predation-risk trade-off: so what is the mechanism? American Naturalist 163:E88-E111.
50. McPeek, M. A., and J. M. Brown. 2000. Building a regional species pool: diversification of the Enallagma damselflies in eastern North America. Ecology 81:904-920.
51. McPeek, M. A., and R. Gomulkiewicz. 2005. Assembling and depleting species richness in metacommunities: insights from ecology, population genetics and macroevolution. Pages 355-373 in M. A. Leibold, M. Holyoak, and R. D. Holt, eds. Metacommunities: spatial dynamics and ecological communities. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
52. McPeek, M. A., A. K. Schrot, and J. M. Brown. 1996. Adaptation to predators in a new community: swimming performance and predator avoidance in damselflies. Ecology 77:617-629.
53. McPeek, M. A., M. Grace, and J. M. L. Richardson. 2001. Physiological and behavioral responses to predators shape the growth/ predation risk trade-off in damselflies. Ecology 82:1535-1545.
54. Mendelson, T. C., and K. L. Shaw. 2005. Sexual behavior: rapid speciation in an arthropod. Nature 433:375-376.
55. Morrison, D. F. 1990. Multivariate statistical methods. 3rd ed. McGraw Hill, New York.
56. Mouquet, N., and M. Loureau. 2002. Coexistence in metacommunities: the regional similarity hypothesis. American Naturalist 159:420-426.
57. _. 2003. Community patterns in source-sink metacommunities. American Naturalist 162:544-557.
58. Mouquet, N., P. Munguia, J. M. Kneitel, and T. E. Miller. 2003. Community assembly time and the relationship between local and regional species richness. Oikos 103:618-626.
59. Paulson, D. R., and C. E. Jenner. 1971. Population structure in overwintering larval Odonata in North Carolina in relation to adult flight season. Ecology 52:96-107.
60. Pierce, C. L., Crowley, P. H., and D. M. Johnson. 1985. Behavior and ecological interactions of larval Odonata. Ecology 66:1504-1512.
61. Pimm, S. L. 1982. Food webs. Chapman & Hall, New York.
62. Posada, D., and K. A. Crandall. 1998. MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817-818.
63. Price, T., I. J. Lovette, E. Bermingham, H. L. Gibbs, and A. D. Richman. 2000. The imprint of history on communities of North American and Asian warblers. American Naturalist 156:354-367.
64. Rosenzweig, M. L. 1995. Species diversity in space and time. Cambridge University Press, New York.
65. Roughgarden, J. 1974. Species packing and the competition function with illustrations from coral reef fish. Theoretical Population Biology 9:388-424.
66. Sawchyn, E. E., and C. Gillott. 1974a. The life history of Lestes congener (Odonata: Zygoptera) on the Canadian prairies. Canadian Entomologist 106:367-376.
67. _. 1974b. The life history of three species of Lestes (Odonata: Zygoptera) in Saskatchewan. Canadian Entomologist 106:1283-1293.
68. Schluter, D. 1986. Tests for similarity and convergence of finch communities. Ecology 67:1073-1085.
69. Schluter, D., and J. D. McPhail. 1993. Character displacement and replicate adaptive radiation. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 8:197-200.
70. Seehausen, O., J. J. M. van Alphen, and F. Witte. 1997. Cichlid fish diversity threatened by eutrophication that curbs sexual selection. Science 277:1808-1811.
71. Simon, C., F. Frati, A. Beckenbach, B. Crespi, H. Liu, and P. Flook. 1994. Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene-sequences and a compilation of conserved polymerase chain-reaction primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 87:651-701.
72. Sokal, R. R., and F. J. Rohlf. 1995. Biometry. 3rd ed. W. H. Freeman, New York.
73. Stoks, R., and F. Johansson. 2000. Trading off mortality risk against foraging effort in damselflies that differ in life cycle length. Oikos 91:559-567.
74. Stoks, R., and M. A. McPeek. 2003a. Antipredator behaviour and physiology determine Lestes species turnover along the pond-permanence gradient. Ecology 84:3327-3338.
75. _. 2003b. Predators and life histories shape Lestes damselfly assemblages along a freshwater habitat gradient. Ecology 84:1576-1587.
76. Stoks, R., M. A. McPeek, and J. L. Mitchell. 2003. Evolution of prey behavior in response to changes in predation regime: damselflies in fish and dragonfly lakes. Evolution 57:574-585.
77. Stoks, R., M. De Block, and M. A. McPeek. 2005a. Alternative growth and energy storage responses to mortality threats in damselflies. Ecology Letters 8:1307-1316.
78. Stoks, R., J. L. Nystrom, M. L. May, and M. A. McPeek. 2005b. Parallel evolution in ecological and reproductive traits to produce cryptic damselfly species across the Holarctic. Evolution 59:1976-1988.
79. Stoks, R., M. De Block, F. Van de Meutter, and F. Johansson. 2005c. Predation cost of rapid growth: behavioural coupling and physiological decoupling. Journal of Animal Ecology 74:705-715.
80. Stoks, R., M. De Block, S. Slos, W. Van Doorslaer, and J. Rolff. 2006. Time constraints mediate predator-induced plasticity in immune function, condition and life history. Ecology 87:809-815.
81. Swofford, D. L. 2001. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony, version 4.0b10 for Windows. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
82. Thompson, J. N. 1999. Specific hypotheses on the geographic mosaic of coevolution. American Naturalist 153(suppl.):S1-S14.
83. _. 2005. The geographic mosaic of coevolution. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
84. Tilman, D. 2004. Niche tradeoffs, neutrality, and community structure: a stochastic theory of resource competition, invasion, and community assembly. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 101:10854-10861.
85. Tokeshi, M. 1999. Species coexistence: ecological and evolutionary perspectives. Blackwell Science, Malden, MA.
86. Tregonning, K., and A. Roberts. 1978. Complex systems which evolve towards homeostasis. Nature 281:563-564.
87. Turgeon, J., and M. A. McPeek. 2002. Phylogeographic analysis of a recent radiation of Enallagma damselflies (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Molecular Ecology 11:1989-2001.
88. Turgeon, J., R. Stoks, R. A. Thum, J. M. Brown, and M. A. McPeek. 2005. Simultaneous quaternary radiations of three damselfly clades across the Holarctic. American Naturalist 165:E78-E107.
89. Webb, C. O., D. D. Ackerly, M. A. McPeek, and M. J. Donoghue. 2002. Phylogenies and community ecology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33:475-505.
90. Wellborn, G. A., D. K. Skelly, and E. E. Werner. 1996. Mechanisms creating community structure across a freshwater habitat gradient. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 27:337-363.
91. Weller, S. J., D. P. Pashley, J. A. Martin, and J. L. Constable. 1994. Phylogeny of noctuoid moths and the utility of combining independent nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Systematic Biology 43:194-211.
92. Werner, E. E., and M. A. McPeek. 1994. The roles of direct and indirect effects on the distributions of two frog species along an environmental gradient. Ecology 75:1368-1382.
93. Westfall, M. J., and M. L. May. 1996. Damselflies of North America. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, FL.
94. Wiggins, G. B., Mackay, R. J., and I. M. Smith. 1980. Evolutionary and ecological strategies of animals in annual temporary pools. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 5 8:97-206.
95. Wiseman, S. W., S. D. Cooper, and T. L. Dudley. 1993. The effects of trout on epibenthic odonate naiads in stream pools. Freshwater Biology 30:133-145.
96. Wissinger, S. A., H. H. Whiteman, G. B. Sparks, G. L. Rouse, and W. S. Brown. 1999. Foraging trade-offs along a predator-permanence gradient in subalpine wetlands. Ecology 80:2102-2116.