메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 359-367

Current concepts in SLE thrombocytopenia: From pathophysiology to therapeutic interventions

Author keywords

Pathogenesis; Prognosis; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Thrombocytopenia

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; AZATHIOPRINE; CD20 ANTIBODY; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOTOXIC AGENT; DANAZOL; EPRATUZUMAB; FC RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PREDNISONE; RECEPTOR ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; THROMBOCYTE ANTIBODY;

EID: 33750709660     PISSN: 15733971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157339706778699805     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1)

References (109)
  • 1
    • 0020436689 scopus 로고
    • The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF. et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982; 25: 1271-7.
    • (1982) Arthritis Rheum , vol.25 , pp. 1271-1277
    • Tan, E.M.1    Cohen, A.S.2    Fries, J.F.3
  • 2
    • 0036441359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet autoantibodies and lupus-associated thrombocytopenia
    • Michel M, Lee K, Piette JC. et al. Platelet autoantibodies and lupus-associated thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2002; 119: 354-8.
    • (2002) Br J Haematol , vol.119 , pp. 354-358
    • Michel, M.1    Lee, K.2    Piette, J.C.3
  • 3
    • 0031812315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies against platelet glycoproteins and antiphospholipid antibodies in autoimmune thrombocytopenia
    • Lipp E, von Felten A, Sax H, Muller D, Berchtold P. Antibodies against platelet glycoproteins and antiphospholipid antibodies in autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 1998; 60: 283-8.
    • (1998) Eur J Haematol , vol.60 , pp. 283-288
    • Lipp, E.1    von Felten, A.2    Sax, H.3    Muller, D.4    Berchtold, P.5
  • 4
    • 0030763968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-platelet antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and the primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Their relationship with the observed thrombocytopenia
    • Macchi L, Rispal P, Clofent-Sanchez G. et al. Anti-platelet antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and the primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: their relationship with the observed thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 1997; 98: 336-41.
    • (1997) Br J Haematol , vol.98 , pp. 336-341
    • Macchi, L.1    Rispal, P.2    Clofent-Sanchez, G.3
  • 5
    • 0035885922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and antiphospholipid syndrome in patients presenting with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: A prospective cohort study
    • Diz-Kucukkaya R, Hacihanefioglu A, Yenerel M. et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and antiphospholipid syndrome in patients presenting with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a prospective cohort study. Blood 2001; 98: 1760-4.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , pp. 1760-1764
    • Diz-Kucukkaya, R.1    Hacihanefioglu, A.2    Yenerel, M.3
  • 6
    • 0027723560 scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in systemic lupus erythematosus. ItalianCooperative Group for TTP
    • Porta C, Bobbio-Pallavicini E, Centurioni R, Caporali R, Montecucco CM. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in systemic lupus erythematosus. ItalianCooperative Group for TTP. J Rheumatol 1993; 20: 1625-6.
    • (1993) J Rheumatol , vol.20 , pp. 1625-1626
    • Porta, C.1    Bobbio-Pallavicini, E.2    Centurioni, R.3    Caporali, R.4    Montecucco, C.M.5
  • 7
    • 0032856965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmunity: A tale of shadows and suspects
    • Porta C, Caporali R, Montecucco C. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmunity: a tale of shadows and suspects. Haematologica 1999; 84: 260-9.
    • (1999) Haematologica , vol.84 , pp. 260-269
    • Porta, C.1    Caporali, R.2    Montecucco, C.3
  • 8
    • 0142095104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in adult systemic disease: Report of twenty-six cases and literature review
    • Dhote R, Simon J, Papo T. et al. Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in adult systemic disease: report of twenty-six cases and literature review. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 49: 633-9.
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.49 , pp. 633-639
    • Dhote, R.1    Simon, J.2    Papo, T.3
  • 9
    • 0036675111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibody to c-Mpl [thrombopoietin receptor] in systemic lupus erythematosus: Relationship to thrombocytopenia with megakaryocytic hypoplasia
    • Kuwana M, Okazaki Y, Kajihara M. et al. Autoantibody to c-Mpl [thrombopoietin receptor] in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to thrombocytopenia with megakaryocytic hypoplasia. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 2148-59.
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , pp. 2148-2159
    • Kuwana, M.1    Okazaki, Y.2    Kajihara, M.3
  • 10
    • 0037305577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia identities a severe familial phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus and reveals genetic linkages at 1q22 and 11p13
    • Scofield RH, Bruner GR, Kelly JA,. et al. Thrombocytopenia identities a severe familial phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus and reveals genetic linkages at 1q22 and 11p13. Blood 2003; 101: 992-7.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , pp. 927-992
    • Scofield, R.H.1    Bruner, G.R.2    Kelly, J.A.3
  • 11
    • 0025287917 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of a thromhocytopenic factor in the blood of patients with thrombocytopenic purpura 1951
    • Harrington WJ, Minnich V, Hollingsworth JW, Moore CV. Demonstration of a thromhocytopenic factor in the blood of patients with thrombocytopenic purpura 1951. J Lab Clin Med 1990; 115: 636-45.
    • (1990) J Lab Clin Med , vol.115 , pp. 636-645
    • Harrington, W.J.1    Minnich, V.2    Hollingsworth, J.W.3    Moore, C.V.4
  • 12
    • 0027138150 scopus 로고
    • Elevated platelet-associated IgG in SLE patients due to anti-platelet autoantibody: Differentiation between autoantibodies and immune complexes by ether elution
    • Kurata Y, Hayashi S, Kosugi S. et al. Elevated platelet-associated IgG in SLE patients due to anti-platelet autoantibody: differentiation between autoantibodies and immune complexes by ether elution. Br J Haematol 1993; 85: 723-8.
    • (1993) Br J Haematol , vol.85 , pp. 723-728
    • Kurata, Y.1    Hayashi, S.2    Kosugi, S.3
  • 13
    • 0037071249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune thrombocytopenic Purpura and Helicobacter pylori infection
    • Michel M, Khellaf M, Desforges L. et al. Autoimmune thrombocytopenic Purpura and Helicobacter pylori infection. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 1033-6.
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 1033-1036
    • Michel, M.1    Khellaf, M.2    Desforges, L.3
  • 16
    • 0036221653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune pathophysiology of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Semple JW. Immune pathophysiology of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood Rev 2002; 16: 9-12.
    • (2002) Blood Rev , vol.16 , pp. 9-12
    • Semple, J.W.1
  • 17
    • 0026765012 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DR expression by platelets in acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Boshkov LK, Kelton JG, Halloran PF. HLA-DR expression by platelets in acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 1992; 81: 552-7.
    • (1992) Br J Haematol , vol.81 , pp. 552-557
    • Boshkov, L.K.1    Kelton, J.G.2    Halloran, P.F.3
  • 18
    • 0029964421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in serum cytokine levels in acute and chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura: Relationship to platelet phenotype and antiplatelet T-cell reactivity
    • Semple JW, Milev Y, Cosgrave D. et al. Differences in serum cytokine levels in acute and chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura: relationship to platelet phenotype and antiplatelet T-cell reactivity. Blood 1996; 87: 4245-54.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , pp. 4245-4254
    • Semple, J.W.1    Milev, Y.2    Cosgrave, D.3
  • 20
    • 0037103361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of autoantibodies in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura reveals evidence of clonal expansion and somatic mutation
    • Roark JH, Bussel JB, Cines DB, Siegel DL. Genetic analysis of autoantibodies in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura reveals evidence of clonal expansion and somatic mutation. Blood 2002; 100: 1388-98.
    • (2002) Blood , vol.100 , pp. 1388-1398
    • Roark, J.H.1    Bussel, J.B.2    Cines, D.B.3    Siegel, D.L.4
  • 21
    • 0028964231 scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of platelet autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Pujol M, Ribera A, Vilardell M, Ordi J, Feliu E. High prevalence of platelet autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Br J Haematol 1995; 89: 137-41.
    • (1995) Br J Haematol , vol.89 , pp. 137-141
    • Pujol, M.1    Ribera, A.2    Vilardell, M.3    Ordi, J.4    Feliu, E.5
  • 22
    • 0020714626 scopus 로고
    • Immune thrombocytopenia
    • McMillan R. Immune thrombocytopenia. Clin Haematol 1983; 12: 69-88.
    • (1983) Clin Haematol , vol.12 , pp. 69-88
    • McMillan, R.1
  • 24
    • 0025334761 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the Fc gamma receptor on human platelets
    • King M, McDermott P, Schreiber AD. Characterization of the Fc gamma receptor on human platelets. Cell Immunol 1990; 128: 462-79.
    • (1990) Cell Immunol , vol.128 , pp. 462-479
    • King, M.1    McDermott, P.2    Schreiber, A.D.3
  • 25
    • 0031664431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of complement in immune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Hed J.Role of complement in immune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Paediatr Suppl 1998; 424: 37-40.
    • (1998) Acta Paediatr Suppl , vol.424 , pp. 37-40
    • Hed, J.1
  • 26
    • 0028923623 scopus 로고
    • Participation of the blood platelet in immune reactions due to platelet-complement interaction
    • Spycher MO, Nydegger UE. Participation of the blood platelet in immune reactions due to platelet-complement interaction. Infusionsther Transfusionsmed 1995; 22: 36-43.
    • (1995) Infusionsther Transfusionsmed , vol.22 , pp. 36-43
    • Spycher, M.O.1    Nydegger, U.E.2
  • 27
    • 0036228886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Euro-Phospholipid Project Group. Antiphospholipid syndrome: Clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients
    • Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J. et al; Euro-Phospholipid Project Group. Antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 1019-27.
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , pp. 1019-1027
    • Cervera, R.1    Piette, J.C.2    Font, J.3
  • 28
    • 0021984174 scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia in SLE and related autoimmune disorders: Association with anticardiolipin antibody
    • Harris EN, Asherson RA, Gharavi AE, Morgan SH, Derue G, Hughes GR. Thrombocytopenia in SLE and related autoimmune disorders: association with anticardiolipin antibody. Br J Haematol 1985; 59: 227-30.
    • (1985) Br J Haematol , vol.59 , pp. 227-230
    • Harris, E.N.1    Asherson, R.A.2    Gharavi, A.E.3    Morgan, S.H.4    Derue, G.5    Hughes, G.R.6
  • 29
    • 0029003563 scopus 로고
    • Significance of antibodies to cardiolipin in unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical and laboratory associations
    • The SLE Study Group
    • Sachse C, Luthke K, Hartung K. et al. Significance of antibodies to cardiolipin in unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and laboratory associations. The SLE Study Group. Rheumatol Int 1995; 15: 23-9.
    • (1995) Rheumatol Int , vol.15 , pp. 23-29
    • Sachse, C.1    Luthke, K.2    Hartung, K.3
  • 30
    • 0031899652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of thrombocytopenia in SLE patients with a high level of anticardiolipin antibodies combined with lupus anticoagulant
    • Nojima J, Suehisa E, Kuratsune H. et al. High prevalence of thrombocytopenia in SLE patients with a high level of anticardiolipin antibodies combined with lupus anticoagulant. Am J Hematol 1998; 58: 55-60.
    • (1998) Am J Hematol , vol.58 , pp. 55-60
    • Nojima, J.1    Suehisa, E.2    Kuratsune, H.3
  • 31
    • 0029617611 scopus 로고
    • Anticardiolipin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical and laboratory correlations
    • Abu-Shakra M, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Farewell V. Anticardiolipin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and laboratory correlations. J Med 1995; 99: 624-8.
    • (1995) J Med , vol.99 , pp. 624-628
    • Abu-Shakra, M.1    Gladman, D.D.2    Urowitz, M.B.3    Farewell, V.4
  • 32
    • 28044437355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of thrombocytopenia with systemic manifestations in the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Krause I, Blank M, Fraser A, et al. The association of thrombocytopenia with systemic manifestations in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Immunobiology 2005; 210: 749-54.
    • (2005) Immunobiology , vol.210 , pp. 749-754
    • Krause, I.1    Blank, M.2    Fraser, A.3
  • 33
    • 0037316336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to anionic phospholipids and anti-beta2-GPI: Association with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Amoroso A, Mitterhofer AP, Del Porto F. et al. Antibodies to anionic phospholipids and anti-beta2-GPI: association with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Hum Immunol 2003; 64: 265-73.
    • (2003) Hum Immunol , vol.64 , pp. 265-273
    • Amoroso, A.1    Mitterhofer, A.P.2    Del Porto, F.3
  • 36
    • 0028218483 scopus 로고
    • Anti-glycoprotein Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa antibodies in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Galli M, Daldossi M, Barbui T. Anti-glycoprotein Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa antibodies in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Thromb Haemost 1994; 71: 571-5.
    • (1994) Thromb Haemost , vol.71 , pp. 571-575
    • Galli, M.1    Daldossi, M.2    Barbui, T.3
  • 37
    • 0030861626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific antiplatelet glycoprotein autoantibodies are associated with the thrombocytopenia of primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Godeau B, Piette JC, Fromont P, Intrator L, Schaeffer A, Bierling P. Specific antiplatelet glycoprotein autoantibodies are associated with the thrombocytopenia of primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Br J Haematol 1997; 98: 873-9.
    • (1997) Br J Haematol , vol.98 , pp. 873-879
    • Godeau, B.1    Piette, J.C.2    Fromont, P.3    Intrator, L.4    Schaeffer, A.5    Bierling, P.6
  • 38
    • 0025230915 scopus 로고
    • Crossreactivity of antibodies directed against cardiolipin, DNA, endothelial cells and blood platelets
    • Hasselaar P, Derksen RH, Blokzijl L, de Groot PG. Crossreactivity of antibodies directed against cardiolipin, DNA, endothelial cells and blood platelets. Thromb Haemost 1990; 63: 169-73.
    • (1990) Thromb Haemost , vol.63 , pp. 169-173
    • Hasselaar, P.1    Derksen, R.H.2    Blokzijl, L.3    de Groot, P.G.4
  • 40
    • 0028951777 scopus 로고
    • Functional effects of human antiplatelet antibodies
    • Deckmyn H, De Reys S. Functional effects of human antiplatelet antibodies. Semin Thromb Hemost 1995; 21: 46-59.
    • (1995) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.21 , pp. 46-59
    • Deckmyn, H.1    De Reys, S.2
  • 41
    • 0027408150 scopus 로고
    • Beta 2-glycoprotein I is a requirement for anticardiolipin antibodies binding to activated platelets: Differences with lupus anticoagulants
    • Shi W, Chong BH, Chesterman CN. Beta 2-glycoprotein I is a requirement for anticardiolipin antibodies binding to activated platelets: differences with lupus anticoagulants. Blood 1993; 81: 1255-62.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 1255-1262
    • Shi, W.1    Chong, B.H.2    Chesterman, C.N.3
  • 42
    • 0036255815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum thrombopoietin levels and anti-thrombopoietin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Fureder W, Firbas U, Nichol JL. et al. Serum thrombopoietin levels and anti-thrombopoietin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2002; 11: 221-6.
    • (2002) Lupus , vol.11 , pp. 221-226
    • Fureder, W.1    Firbas, U.2    Nichol, J.L.3
  • 43
    • 0028117771 scopus 로고
    • The purification of megapoietin: A physiological regulator of megakaryocyte growth and platelet production
    • Kuter DJ, Beeler DL, Rosenberg RD: The purification of megapoietin: A physiological regulator of megakaryocyte growth and platelet production. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 11104, 1994
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 11104
    • Kuter, D.J.1    Beeler, D.L.2    Rosenberg, R.D.3
  • 44
    • 0029035985 scopus 로고
    • Thrombopoietin: The primary regulator of platelet production
    • Kaushansky K. Thrombopoietin: the primary regulator of platelet production. Blood 1995; 86: 419-431.
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86 , pp. 419-431
    • Kaushansky, K.1
  • 46
    • 0029881744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human thrombopoietin levels are high when thrombocytopenia is due to megakaryocyte deficiency and low when due to increased platelet destruction
    • Emmons RV, Reid DM, Cohen RL. et al. Human thrombopoietin levels are high when thrombocytopenia is due to megakaryocyte deficiency and low when due to increased platelet destruction. Blood 1996; 87: 4068-71.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , pp. 4068-4071
    • Emmons, R.V.1    Reid, D.M.2    Cohen, R.L.3
  • 47
    • 0000765234 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of TPO mRNA expression and protein production: TPO gene regulation appears post transcriptional, and endogenous levels are inverseley correlated to megakaryocyte mass and circulating platelet count
    • [abstr, suppl 1]
    • Chang M, Suen Y, Meng G. et al. Regulation of TPO mRNA expression and protein production: TPO gene regulation appears post transcriptional, and endogenous levels are inverseley correlated to megakaryocyte mass and circulating platelet count. Blood 86: 368a, 1995 [abstr, suppl 1]
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86
    • Chang, M.1    Suen, Y.2    Meng, G.3
  • 49
    • 0025909732 scopus 로고
    • Bone marrow findings in lupus patients with pancytopenia
    • Feng CS, Ng MH, Szeto RS, Li EK. Bone marrow findings in lupus patients with pancytopenia. Pathology 1991; 23: 5-7.
    • (1991) Pathology , vol.23 , pp. 5-7
    • Feng, C.S.1    Ng, M.H.2    Szeto, R.S.3    Li, E.K.4
  • 50
    • 33745996042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone marrow histological findings in systemic lupus erythematosus with haematologic abnormalities: A clinicopathological study
    • Voulgarelis M, Giannouli S, Tasidou A, Anagnostou D, Ziakas PD, Tzioufas AJ. Bone marrow histological findings in systemic lupus erythematosus with haematologic abnormalities: a clinicopathological study. Am J Hem 2006; 81: 590-7
    • (2006) Am J Hem , vol.81 , pp. 590-597
    • Voulgarelis, M.1    Giannouli, S.2    Tasidou, A.3    Anagnostou, D.4    Ziakas, P.D.5    Tzioufas, A.J.6
  • 51
    • 0034772643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased apoptosis of bone marrow CD34+ cells and impaired function of bone marrow stromal cells in patients with systemic 1upus erythematosus
    • Papadaki HA, Boumpas DT, Gibson FM. et al. Increased apoptosis of bone marrow CD34+ cells and impaired function of bone marrow stromal cells in patients with systemic 1upus erythematosus. Br J Haematol 2001; 115: 167-74.
    • (2001) Br J Haematol , vol.115 , pp. 167-174
    • Papadaki, H.A.1    Boumpas, D.T.2    Gibson, F.M.3
  • 52
    • 0023721930 scopus 로고
    • Multipotent hemopoietic progenitor cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Otsuka T, Okamura S, Harada M. et al. Multipotent hemopoietic progenitor cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1988; 15: 1085-90.
    • (1988) J Rheumatol , vol.15 , pp. 1085-1090
    • Otsuka, T.1    Okamura, S.2    Harada, M.3
  • 54
    • 31144459004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Aleem A, Al-Sugair S. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Acta Haematol 2006; 115: 68-73.
    • (2006) Acta Haematol , vol.115 , pp. 68-73
    • Aleem, A.1    Al-Sugair, S.2
  • 55
    • 0038318856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus undergoing kidney biopsy
    • Manadan AM, Harris C, Schwartz MM, Block JA. The frequency of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus undergoing kidney biopsy. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 1227-30.
    • (2003) J Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 1227-1230
    • Manadan, A.M.1    Harris, C.2    Schwartz, M.M.3    Block, J.A.4
  • 56
    • 0036893186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADAMTS-13 rapidly cleaves newly secreted ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers on the endothelial surface under flowing conditions
    • Dong JF, Moake JL, Nolasco L. et al. ADAMTS-13 rapidly cleaves newly secreted ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers on the endothelial surface under flowing conditions. Blood 2002; 100: 4033-9.
    • (2002) Blood , vol.100 , pp. 4033-4039
    • Dong, J.F.1    Moake, J.L.2    Nolasco, L.3
  • 57
    • 0037158606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic microangiopathies
    • Moake JL. Thrombotic microangiopathies. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 589-600.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 589-600
    • Moake, J.L.1
  • 58
    • 0141649437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Von Willebrand factor cleaving protease [ADAMTS-13] in 123 patients with connective tissue diseases
    • [systemic 1upus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis]
    • Mannucci PM, Vanoli M, Forza I, Canciani MT, Scorza R. Von Willebrand factor cleaving protease [ADAMTS-13] in 123 patients with connective tissue diseases [systemic 1upus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis]. Haematologica 2003; 88: 914-8.
    • (2003) Haematologica , vol.88 , pp. 914-918
    • Mannucci, P.M.1    Vanoli, M.2    Forza, I.3    Canciani, M.T.4    Scorza, R.5
  • 59
    • 23744486523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADAMTS13 autoantibodies in patients with thrombotic microangiopathies and other immunomediated diseases
    • Rieger M, Mannucci PM, Kremer Hovinga JA. et al. ADAMTS13 autoantibodies in patients with thrombotic microangiopathies and other immunomediated diseases.Blood 2005; 106: 1262-7.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.106 , pp. 1262-1267
    • Rieger, M.1    Mannucci, P.M.2    Kremer Hovinga, J.A.3
  • 60
    • 3242705780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reseau d'Etude des Microangiopathies Thrombotiques de l'Adulte. Severe ADAM TS13 deficiency in adult idiopathic thrombotic microangiopathies defines a subset of patients characterized by various autoimmune manifestations, lower platelet count, and mild renal involvement
    • [Baltimore]
    • Coppo P, Bengoufa D, Veyradier A. et al. Reseau d'Etude des Microangiopathies Thrombotiques de l'Adulte. Severe ADAM TS13 deficiency in adult idiopathic thrombotic microangiopathies defines a subset of patients characterized by various autoimmune manifestations, lower platelet count, and mild renal involvement. Medicine [Baltimore] 2004; 83: 233-44.
    • (2004) Medicine , vol.83 , pp. 233-244
    • Coppo, P.1    Bengoufa, D.2    Veyradier, A.3
  • 61
    • 13544273826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage activation syndrome: Characteristic findings on liver biopsy illustrating the key role of activated, IFN-gamma-producing lymphocytes and IL-6- and TNF-alpha-producing macrophages
    • Billiau AD, Roskams T, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Matthys P, Wouters C. Macrophage activation syndrome: characteristic findings on liver biopsy illustrating the key role of activated, IFN-gamma-producing lymphocytes and IL-6- and TNF-alpha-producing macrophages. Blood 2005; 105: 1648-51.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , pp. 1648-1651
    • Billiau, A.D.1    Roskams, T.2    Van Damme-Lombaerts, R.3    Matthys, P.4    Wouters, C.5
  • 62
    • 0028938371 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for the development of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Shimamoto Y, Suga K, Ohta A, Yamaguchi M. Risk factors for the development of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 1995; 14: 176-9.
    • (1995) Clin Rheumatol , vol.14 , pp. 176-179
    • Shimamoto, Y.1    Suga, K.2    Ohta, A.3    Yamaguchi, M.4
  • 63
    • 4043137174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in intensive care unit
    • Alzeer AH, Al-Arfaj A, Basha SJ. et al. Outcome of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in intensive care unit. Lupus 2004; 13: 537-42.
    • (2004) Lupus , vol.13 , pp. 537-542
    • Alzeer, A.H.1    Al-Arfaj, A.2    Basha, S.J.3
  • 65
    • 0020500255 scopus 로고
    • The significance of thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Miller MH, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD. The significance of thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1983; 26: 1181-6.
    • (1983) Arthritis Rheum , vol.26 , pp. 1181-1186
    • Miller, M.H.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3
  • 66
    • 0017708709 scopus 로고
    • SLE subsets - Divide and conquer
    • Urowitz MB. SLE subsets - divide and conquer. J Rheumatol 1977; 4: 332-3.
    • (1977) J Rheumatol , vol.4 , pp. 332-333
    • Urowitz, M.B.1
  • 67
    • 0017683207 scopus 로고
    • Hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura: Two related subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Alger M, Alarcon-Segovia D, Rivero SJ. Hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura: two related subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1977; 4: 351-7.
    • (1977) J Rheumatol , vol.4 , pp. 351-357
    • Alger, M.1    Alarcon-Segovia, D.2    Rivero, S.J.3
  • 69
    • 0024380066 scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus. I. Outcome and survival: Dutch experience with 110 patients studied prospectively
    • Swaak AJ, Nossent JC, Bronsveld W. et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus. I. Outcome and survival: Dutch experience with 110 patients studied prospectively. Arm Rheum Dis 1989; 48: 447-54.
    • (1989) Arm Rheum Dis , vol.48 , pp. 447-454
    • Swaak, A.J.1    Nossent, J.C.2    Bronsveld, W.3
  • 70
    • 0025012801 scopus 로고
    • Prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Negative impact of increasing age at onset, black race, and thrombocytopenia, as well as causes of death
    • Reveille JD, Bartolucci A, Alarcon GS. Prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Negative impact of increasing age at onset, black race, and thrombocytopenia, as well as causes of death. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 37-48.
    • (1990) Arthritis Rheum , vol.33 , pp. 37-48
    • Reveille, J.D.1    Bartolucci, A.2    Alarcon, G.S.3
  • 71
    • 0029977633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality risks associated with specific clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ward MM, Pyun E, Studenski S. Mortality risks associated with specific clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Intern Med 1996; 56: 1337-44.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med , vol.56 , pp. 1337-1344
    • Ward, M.M.1    Pyun, E.2    Studenski, S.3
  • 72
    • 0037296328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, patterns of disease and outcome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who develop severe haematological problems
    • [Oxford]
    • Sultan SM, Begum S, Isenberg DA. Prevalence, patterns of disease and outcome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who develop severe haematological problems. Rheumatology [Oxford] 2003; 42: 230-4.
    • (2003) Rheumatology , vol.42 , pp. 230-234
    • Sultan, S.M.1    Begum, S.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 73
    • 0033931037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The validity of the ECLAM index for the retrospective evaluation of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Mosca M, Bencivelli W, Vitali C, Carrai P, Neri R, Bombardieri S. The validity of the ECLAM index for the retrospective evaluation of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2000; 9: 445-50.
    • (2000) Lupus , vol.9 , pp. 445-450
    • Mosca, M.1    Bencivelli, W.2    Vitali, C.3    Carrai, P.4    Neri, R.5    Bombardieri, S.6
  • 74
    • 0026768566 scopus 로고
    • Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: Report of the Consensus Study Group of the European Workshop for Rheumatology Research. III. Development of a computerised clinical chart and its application to the comparison of different indices of disease activity
    • The European Consensus Study Group for Disease Activity in SLE
    • Bencivelli W, Vitali C, Isenberg DA. et al. Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: report of the Consensus Study Group of the European Workshop for Rheumatology Research. III. Development of a computerised clinical chart and its application to the comparison of different indices of disease activity. The European Consensus Study Group for Disease Activity in SLE. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1992; 10: 549-54.
    • (1992) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.10 , pp. 549-554
    • Bencivelli, W.1    Vitali, C.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 75
    • 0026728050 scopus 로고
    • Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: Report of the Consensus Study Group of the European Workshop for Rheumatology Research II. Identification of the variables indicative of disease activity and their use in the development of an activity score
    • The European Consensus Study Group for Disease Activity in SLE
    • Vitalli C, Bencivelli W, Isenberg DA. et al. Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: report of the Consensus Study Group of the European Workshop for Rheumatology Research. II. Identification of the variables indicative of disease activity and their use in the development of an activity score. The European Consensus Study Group for Disease Activity in SLE. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1992; 10: 541-7.
    • (1992) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.10 , pp. 541-547
    • Vitalli, C.1    Bencivelli, W.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 76
    • 0034757875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A decrease in complement is associated with increased renal and hematologic activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ho A, Barr SG, Magder LS, Petri M. A decrease in complement is associated with increased renal and hematologic activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2350-7.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 2350-2357
    • Ho, A.1    Barr, S.G.2    Magder, L.S.3    Petri, M.4
  • 77
    • 0034094489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of medical record scoring of the SLICC/ACR damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Thumboo J, Lee HY, Fong KY. et al. Accuracy of medical record scoring of the SLICC/ACR damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2000; 9: 358-62.
    • (2000) Lupus , vol.9 , pp. 358-362
    • Thumboo, J.1    Lee, H.Y.2    Fong, K.Y.3
  • 78
    • 0031007301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reliability of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Goldsmith CH. et al. The reliability of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40: 809-13.
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 809-813
    • Gladman, D.D.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Goldsmith, C.H.3
  • 79
    • 33749616087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopaenia in lupus as a marker of adverse outcome-seeking Ariadne's thread
    • [Oxford] (Epub ahead of print)
    • Ziakas PD, Dafni UG, Giannouli S, Tzioufas AG, Voulgarelis M. Thrombocytopaenia in lupus as a marker of adverse outcome-seeking Ariadne's thread. Rheumatology [Oxford] 2006; (Epub ahead of print).
    • (2006) Rheumatology
    • Ziakas, P.D.1    Dafni, U.G.2    Giannouli, S.3    Tzioufas, A.G.4    Voulgarelis, M.5
  • 80
    • 0020048385 scopus 로고
    • Transient reversal of thrombocytopenia in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by high-dose intravenous gamma globulin
    • Fehr J, Hofmann V, Kappeler U. Transient reversal of thrombocytopenia in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by high-dose intravenous gamma globulin. N Engl J Med 1982; 306: 1254-8.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.306 , pp. 1254-1258
    • Fehr, J.1    Hofmann, V.2    Kappeler, U.3
  • 81
    • 0037337665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant factor VIIa for refractive haemorrhage in autoimmune idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Culic S. Recombinant factor VIIa for refractive haemorrhage in autoimmune idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 2003; 120: 909-10.
    • (2003) Br J Haematol , vol.120 , pp. 909-910
    • Culic, S.1
  • 82
    • 0027433763 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid therapy for immune-mediated diseases: Basic and clinical correlates
    • Boumpas DT, Chrousos GP, Wilder RL, Copps TR, Balow JE. Glucocorticoid therapy for immune-mediated diseases: basic and clinical correlates. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119: 1198-208.
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med , vol.119 , pp. 1198-1208
    • Boumpas, D.T.1    Chrousos, G.P.2    Wilder, R.L.3    Copps, T.R.4    Balow, J.E.5
  • 83
    • 0021021288 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on danazol therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus: Effects on DNA antibodies, thrombocytopenia and complement
    • Agnello V, Pariser K, Gell J, Gelfand J, Turksoy RN. Preliminary observations on danazol therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus: effects on DNA antibodies, thrombocytopenia and complement. J Rheumatol 1983; 10: 682-7.
    • (1983) J Rheumatol , vol.10 , pp. 682-687
    • Agnello, V.1    Pariser, K.2    Gell, J.3    Gelfand, J.4    Turksoy, R.N.5
  • 84
    • 0028889483 scopus 로고
    • Danazol for systemic lupus erythematosus with refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia or Evans' syndrome
    • Cervera H, Jara LJ, Pizarro S. et al. Danazol for systemic lupus erythematosus with refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia or Evans' syndrome. J Rheumatol 1995; 22: 1867-71.
    • (1995) J Rheumatol , vol.22 , pp. 1867-1871
    • Cervera, H.1    Jara, L.J.2    Pizarro, S.3
  • 85
    • 1842861711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Danazol therapy in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Long-term results
    • Maloisel F, Andres E, Zimmer J. et al. Danazol therapy in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: long-term results. Am J Med 2004; 116: 590-4.
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.116 , pp. 590-594
    • Maloisel, F.1    Andres, E.2    Zimmer, J.3
  • 86
    • 29344460633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic potential of anti-CD20 "what do B-cells do?"
    • Eisenberg R, Looney RJ. The therapeutic potential of anti-CD20 "what do B-cells do?". Clin Immunol 2005; 117: 207-13.
    • (2005) Clin Immunol , vol.117 , pp. 207-213
    • Eisenberg, R.1    Looney, R.J.2
  • 87
    • 20144387152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment for adult refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Braendstrup P, Bjerrum OW, Nielsen OJ. et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment for adult refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 2005; 78: 275-80.
    • (2005) Am J Hematol , vol.78 , pp. 275-280
    • Braendstrup, P.1    Bjerrum, O.W.2    Nielsen, O.J.3
  • 88
    • 0035043256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Abu-Shakra M, Shoenfeld Y. Azathioprine therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2001; 10: 152-3.
    • (2001) Lupus , vol.10 , pp. 152-153
    • Abu-Shakra, M.1    Shoenfeld, Y.2
  • 89
    • 33644755651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of cyclosporin-A in the long-term management of thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Quartuccio L, Sacco S, Franzolini N, Perin A, Ferraccioli G, De Vita S. Efficacy of cyclosporin-A in the long-term management of thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2006; 15: 76-9.
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , pp. 76-79
    • Quartuccio, L.1    Sacco, S.2    Franzolini, N.3    Perin, A.4    Ferraccioli, G.5    De Vita, S.6
  • 90
    • 0034938996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin A for the treatment of patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to corticosteroids or splenectomy
    • Kappers-Klunne MC, van't Veer MB. Cyclosporin A for the treatment of patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to corticosteroids or splenectomy. Br J Haematol 2001; 114: 121-5.
    • (2001) Br J Haematol , vol.114 , pp. 121-125
    • Kappers-Klunne, M.C.1    van't Veer, M.B.2
  • 91
    • 0036098780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of refractory auto-immune haemolytic anaemia and auto-immune thrombocytopenia purpura
    • Howard J, Hoffbrand AV, Prentice HG, Mehta A. Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of refractory auto-immune haemolytic anaemia and auto-immune thrombocytopenia purpura. Br J Haematol 2002; 117: 712-5.
    • (2002) Br J Haematol , vol.117 , pp. 712-715
    • Howard, J.1    Hoffbrand, A.V.2    Prentice, H.G.3    Mehta, A.4
  • 92
    • 27744563742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful treatment of refractory thrombocytopenia with mycophenolate mofetil in a patient with systemic lupus crythematosus
    • Chang HK. Successful treatment of refractory thrombocytopenia with mycophenolate mofetil in a patient with systemic lupus crythematosus. Korean Med Sci 2005; 20: 883-5.
    • (2005) Korean Med Sci , vol.20 , pp. 883-885
    • Chang, H.K.1
  • 93
    • 0041464661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refractory immune thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus: Response to mycophenolate mofetil
    • Vasoo S, Thumboo J, Fong KY. Refractory immune thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus: response to mycophenolate mofetil. Lupus 2003; 12: 630-2.
    • (2003) Lupus , vol.12 , pp. 630-632
    • Vasoo, S.1    Thumboo, J.2    Fong, K.Y.3
  • 95
    • 3242674272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of splenectomy for thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • You YN, Tefferi A, Nagomey DM. Outcome of splenectomy for thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Surg 2004; 240: 286-92.
    • (2004) Ann Surg , vol.240 , pp. 286-292
    • You, Y.N.1    Tefferi, A.2    Nagomey, D.M.3
  • 96
    • 0036140369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of severe immune thrombocytopenia associated with systemic tupus erythematosus: 59 cases
    • Amal C, Piette JC, Leone J. et al. Treatment of severe immune thrombocytopenia associated with systemic tupus erythematosus: 59 cases.J Rheumatol 2002; 29: 75-83.
    • (2002) J Rheumatol , vol.29 , pp. 75-83
    • Amal, C.1    Piette, J.C.2    Leone, J.3
  • 97
    • 3142638842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic risk in patients submitted to splenectomy for systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome-related thrombocytopenia
    • Delgado Alves J, Inanc M, Diz-Kucukkaya R, Grima B, Soromenho F, Isenberg DA. Thrombotic risk in patients submitted to splenectomy for systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome-related thrombocytopenia. Eur J Intern Med 2004; 15: 162-167.
    • (2004) Eur J Intern Med , vol.15 , pp. 162-167
    • Delgado Alves, J.1    Inanc, M.2    Diz-Kucukkaya, R.3    Grima, B.4    Soromenho, F.5    Isenberg, D.A.6
  • 98
    • 32844455084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of severe infection and survival after splenectomy
    • Kyaw MH, Holmes EM, Toolis F. et al. Evaluation of severe infection and survival after splenectomy. Am J Med 2006; 119: 276.e1-7.
    • (2006) Am J Med , vol.119
    • Kyaw, M.H.1    Holmes, E.M.2    Toolis, F.3
  • 99
    • 2442553033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of infections in hyposplenic and asplenic patients: An update
    • Melles DC, de Marie S. Prevention of infections in hyposplenic and asplenic patients: an update. Neth J Med 2004; 62: 45-52.
    • (2004) Neth J Med , vol.62 , pp. 45-52
    • Melles, D.C.1    de Marie, S.2
  • 101
    • 15944409246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory, targets and therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Vasoo S, Hughes GR. Theory, targets and therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2005; 14: 181-8.
    • (2005) Lupus , vol.14 , pp. 181-188
    • Vasoo, S.1    Hughes, G.R.2
  • 102
    • 0031456991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic therapy in systemic 1upus erythematosus. Experience from a single center
    • (Baltimore)
    • Rahman P, Humphrey-Murto S, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB. Cytotoxic therapy in systemic 1upus erythematosus. Experience from a single center. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76: 432-7.
    • (1997) Medicine , vol.76 , pp. 432-437
    • Rahman, P.1    Humphrey-Murto, S.2    Gladman, D.D.3    Urowitz, M.B.4
  • 103
    • 0347928788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effectiveness of danazol corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of hematologic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Avina-Zubieta JA, Galindo-Rodriguez G, Robledo I. et al. Long-term effectiveness of danazol corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of hematologic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2003; 12: 52-7.
    • (2003) Lupus , vol.12 , pp. 52-57
    • Avina-Zubieta, J.A.1    Galindo-Rodriguez, G.2    Robledo, I.3
  • 104
    • 0002978048 scopus 로고
    • Hyaline thrombosis of the terminal arterioles and capillaries: A hitherto undescribed disease
    • Moschcowitz E. Hyaline thrombosis of the terminal arterioles and capillaries: a hitherto undescribed disease. Proc N Y Pathol Soc 1924; 24: 21.
    • (1924) Proc N Y Pathol Soc , vol.24 , pp. 21
    • Moschcowitz, E.1
  • 105
    • 28444438854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indications for plasma exchange in systemic lupus erythematosus in 2005
    • Pagnoux C, Korach JM, Guillevin L. Indications for plasma exchange in systemic lupus erythematosus in 2005. Lupus 2005; 14: 871-7.
    • (2005) Lupus , vol.14 , pp. 871-877
    • Pagnoux, C.1    Korach, J.M.2    Guillevin, L.3
  • 106
    • 33644875322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic aspects of thrombopoietins and the development of therapeutic agents
    • Solberg LA Jr. Biologic aspects of thrombopoietins and the development of therapeutic agents. Curr Hematol Rep 2005; 4: 423-8.
    • (2005) Curr Hematol Rep , vol.4 , pp. 423-428
    • Solberg Jr., L.A.1
  • 107
    • 0035116327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of rhuIL-11 treatment of refractory ITP
    • Bussel JB, Mukherjee R, Stone AJ. A pilot study of rhuIL-11 treatment of refractory ITP.Am J Hematol 2001; 66: 172-7.
    • (2001) Am J Hematol , vol.66 , pp. 172-177
    • Bussel, J.B.1    Mukherjee, R.2    Stone, A.J.3
  • 108
    • 0035153024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treitment of lupus-induced thrombocytopenia with recombinant human interleukin-11
    • Feinglass S, Deodhar A. Treitment of lupus-induced thrombocytopenia with recombinant human interleukin-11. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 170-5.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 170-175
    • Feinglass, S.1    Deodhar, A.2
  • 109
    • 24344483518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New treatments for SLE: Cell-depleting and anti-cytokine therapies
    • Anolik JH, Aringer M. New treatments for SLE: cell-depleting and anti-cytokine therapies. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2005; 19: 859-78.
    • (2005) Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol , vol.19 , pp. 859-878
    • Anolik, J.H.1    Aringer, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.