Structure, defects, and impurities at the rutile TiO2(0 1 1)-(2 × 1) surface: A scanning tunneling microscopy study

Surface Science

Volumn 600, Issue 19, 2006, Pages 4407-4417

  Dulub, Olga ^a   Valentin, Cristiana Di ^b   Selloni, Annabella ^c   Diebold, Ulrike ^a  

^a Tulane University   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

^c PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Domain boundaries; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Segregation; Surface defects; Titanium oxide

Indexed keywords

ANNEALING; CHEMICAL BONDS; DEFECTS; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SEGREGATION (METALLOGRAPHY); SPUTTERING; VACUUM APPLICATIONS;

DEFECT CONFIGURATION; DOMAIN BOUNDARIES; SURFACE DEFECTS; VACUUM-ANNEALED SURFACES;

TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

EID: 33749066530     PISSN: 00396028     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2006.06.042     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Diebold U. Surf. Sci. Rep. 48 (2003) 53
2. Barteau M.A. Chem. Rev. 96 (1996) 1413
3. Idriss H., and Barteau M.A. Adv. Catal. 45 (2000) 261
4. Beck T.J., Klust A., Batzill M., Diebold U., Di Valentin C., and Selloni A. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 036104/1
5. Beck T.J., Klust A., Batzill M., Diebold U., Di Valentin C., Tilocca A., and Selloni A. Surf. Sci. 591 (2005) L267
6. Di Valentin C., Tilocca A., Selloni A., Beck T.J., Klust A., Batzill M., Losovij Y., and Diebold U. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (2005) 9895
7. Yamamoto Y., Matsumoto Y., and Koinuma H. Appl. Surf. Sci. 238 (2004) 189
8. Yamamoto Y., Nakajima K., Ohsawa T., Matsumoto Y., and Koinuma H. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 44 (2005) L511
9. Ramamoorthy M., and Vanderbilt D. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 49 (1994) 16721
10. Lowekamp J.B., Rohrer G.S., Hotsenpiller P.A.M., Bolt J.D., and Farneth W.E. J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 7323
11. Hotsenpiller P.A.M., Bolt J.D., Farneth W.E., Lowekamp J.B., and Rohrer G.S. J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 3216
12. Rohrer G.S. The chemical physics of solid surfaces. In: Woodruff D.P. (Ed). Oxide Surfaces vol. 9 (2001), Elsevier, Amsterdam 485
13. Ohno T., Sarukawa K., and Matsumura M. New J. Chem. 26 (2002) 1167
14. Hermann K., Witko M., Druzinic R., Chakrabarti A., Tepper B., Elsner M., Gorschluter A., Kuhlenbeck H., and Freund H.-J. J. Electron. Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 98-99 (1999) 245
15. Smith R.L., Lu W., and Rohrer G.S. Surf. Sci. 322 (1995) 293
16. Tepper B., Richter B., Dupuis A.C., Kuhlenbeck H., Hucho C., Schilbe P., bin Yarmo M.A., and Freund H.-J. Surf. Sci. 496 (2002) 64
17. Dupuis A.C., Abu Haija M., Richter B., Kuhlenbeck H., and Freund H.-J. Surf. Sci. 539 (2003) 99
18. Surnev S., Kresse G., Sock M., Ramsey M.G., and Netzer F.P. Surf. Sci. 495 (2001) 91
19. Freund H.-J., Dillmann B., Seiferth O., Klivenyi G., Bender M., Ehrlich D., Hemmerich I., and Cappus D. Catal. Today 32 (1996) 1
20. Lemire C., Bertarione S., Zecchina A., Scarano D., Chaka A., Shaikhutdinov S., and Freund H.-J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 166101/1
21. Crocker M., Emeis K.A., and Herold R.H.M. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 110 (1996) L7
22. De Angelis S., Solari E., Floriani C., Chiesi-Villa A., and Rizzoli C. Organometallics 14 (1995) 4505
23. Housmekerides C.E., Ramage D.L., Kretz C.M., Shontz J.T., Pilato R.S., Geoffroy G.L., Rheingold A.L., and Haggerty B.S. Inorg. Chem. 31 (1992) 4453
24. Jeske P., Haselhorst G., Weyhermueller T., Wieghardt K., and Nuber B. Inorg. Chem. 33 (1994) 2462
25. Redfern P.C., Zapol P., Curtiss L.A., Rajh T., and Thurnauer M.C. J. Phys. Chem. B: Condens. Matter 107 (2003) 11419
26. Diebold U., Lehman J., Mahmoud T., Kuhn M., Leonardelli G., Hebenstreit W., Schmid M., and Varga P. Surf. Sci. 411 (1998) 137
27. Mezhenny S., Maksymovych P., Thompson T.L., Diwald O., Stahl D., Walck S.D., and Yates Jr. J.T. Chem. Phys. Lett. 369 (2003) 152
28. Onishi H., and Iwasawa Y. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 791
29. Rusu C.N., and Yates Jr. J.T. Langmuir 13 (1997) 4311
30. Schaub R., Thostrup P., Lopez N., Laegsgaard E., Stensgaard I., Nørskov J.K., and Besenbacher F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 266104/1
31. Henderson M.A. Surf. Sci. 355 (1996) 151
32. Bennett R.A., Stone P., Price N.J., and Bowker M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 3831
33. Li M., Hebenstreit W., and Diebold U. Surf. Sci. 414 (1998) L951
34. Li M., Hebenstreit W., and Diebold U. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 61 (2000) 4926
35. Li M., Hebenstreit W., Diebold U., Henderson M.A., and Jennison D.R. Faraday Discuss. 114 (1999) 245
36. Li M., Hebenstreit W., Gross L., Diebold U., Henderson M.A., Jennison D.R., Schultz P.A., and Sears M.P. Surf. Sci. 437 (1999) 173
37. McCarty K.F., and Bartelt N.C. Surf. Sci. 527 (2003) L203
38. Stone P., Bennett R.A., and Bowker M. New J. Phys. 1 (1999) 8
39. S. Baroni, A. dal Corso, S. de Gironcoli, P. Gianozzi, C. Cavazzoni, G. Ballabio, S. Scandolo, G. Chiarotti, P. Focher, A. Pasquarello, K. Laasonen, A. Trave, R. Car, N. Marzari, and A. Kokalj, .
40. Car R., and Parrinello M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1985 (1985) 2471
41. Lazzeri M., and Selloni A. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 266105/1
42. Tersoff J., and Hamann D.R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 (1983) 1998
43. Onda K., Li B., and Petek H. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 70 (2004) 045415/1
44. Pan J.M., Maschhoff B.L., Diebold U., and Madey T.E. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A10 (1992) 2470
45. Torquemada M.C., de Segovia J.L., and Román E. Surf. Sci. 337 (1995) 31
46. Wang L.-Q., Shultz A.N., Baer D.R., and Engelhard M.H. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A14 (1996) 1532
47. Wang Q., Biener J., Guo X.-C., Farfan-Arribas E., and Madix R.J. J. Phys. Chem. B107 (2003) 11709
48. Mostefa-Sba H., Domenichini B., and Bourgeois S. Surf. Sci. 437 (1999) 107
49. Diebold U., Anderson J.F., Ng K.O., and Vanderbilt D. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 (1996) 1322
50. Henderson M.A. Surf. Sci. 343 (1995) L1156
51. Anderson J.F., Kuhn M., Diebold U., Shaw K., Stoyanov P., and Lind D. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 56 (1997) 9902
52. Mariotto G., Murphy S., Berdunov N., Ceballos S.F., and Shvets I.V. Surf. Sci. 564 (2004) 79
53. Bikondoa O., Pang C.L., Muryn C.A., Daniels B.G., Ferrero S., Michelangeli E., and Thornton G. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 16768
54. Nörenberg H., and Harding J.H. Appl. Surf. Sci. 142 (1999) 174
55. Nörenberg H., and Harding J.H. Surf. Sci. 473 (2001) 151
56. Zhang L.P., Li M., and Diebold U. Surf. Sci. 412 (1998) 242
57. Schoiswohl J., Sock M., Surnev S., Ramsey M.G., Netzer F.P., Kresse G., and Andersen J.N. Surf. Sci. 555 (2004) 101
58. Bodner A., Jeske P., Weyhermueller T., Wieghardt K., Dubler E., Schmalle H., and Nuber B. Inorg. Chem. 31 (1992) 3737
59. Olmstead M.M., Power P.P., and Viggiano M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105 (1983) 2927
60. Wieghardt K., Quilitzsch U., Weiss J., and Nuber B. Inorg. Chem. 19 (1980) 2514
61. Notari B. Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 37 (1988) 413
62. Sheldon R.A. J. Mol. Catal. 7 (1980) 107
63. Tilocca A., and Selloni A. Chem. Phys. Chem. 6 (2005) 1911
64. Rasmussen M.D., Molina L.M., and Hammer B. J. Chem. Phys. 120 (2004) 988
65. Wu X., Selloni A., Lazzeri M., and Nayak S.K. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 68 (2003) 241402 R
66. Brookes I.M., Muryn C.A., and Thornton G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 266103/1
67. Henderson M.A., Epling W.S., Perkins C.L., Peden C.H.F., and Diebold U. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 5328
68. Henderson M.A. Surf. Sci. Rep. 46 (2002) 1
69. Thiel P.A., and Madey T.E. Surf. Sci. Rep. 7 (1987) 211
70. Suzuki S., Fukui K.-I., Onishi H., and Iwasawa Y. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 002156
71. Bikonda O., Pang C.L., Ithnin R., Mury C.A., Onishi H., and Thornton G. Nat. Mater. 5 (2006) 189
72. Schaub R., Wahlström E., Rønnau A., Lægsgaard E., Stensgaard I., and Besenbacher F. Science 299 (2003) 377
73. Wendt S., Schaub R., Matthiesen J., Vestergaard E.K., Wahlström E., Rasmussen M.D., Thostrup P., Molina L.M., Lægsgaard E., Stensgaard I., Hammer B., and Besenbacher F. Surf. Sci. 598 (2005) 226
74. Onishi H., and Iwasawa Y. Chem. Phys. Lett. 226 (1994) 111
75. Chambers S.A., Thevuthasan S., Kim Y.J., Herman G.S., Wang Z., Tober E., Ynzunza R., Morais J., Peden C.H.F., Ferris K., and Fadley C.S. Chem. Phys. Lett. 267 (1997) 51
76. Dillmann B., Rohr F., Seiferth O., Klivenyi G., Bender M., Homann K., Yakovkin I.N., Ehrlich D., Baeumer M., Kuhlenbeck H., and Freund H.-J. Faraday Discuss. 105 (1997) 295