Angiogenesis-A biochemical/mathematical perspective

Lecture Notes in Mathematics

Volumn 1872, Issue , 2005, Pages 23-76

  Levine, Howard A ^a   Nilsen Hamilton, Marit ^b  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Biophysics and Molecular Biology ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33748907205     PISSN: 00758434     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/11561606_2     Document Type: Article

References (125)

1. Medical Desk Dictionary, Merriam Webster, 1996.
2. A. Abdollahi, P. Hahnfeldt, C. Maercker, H. Grone, J. Debus, W. Ansorge, J. Folkman, L. Hlatky, and P. Huber, Endostatin's antiangiogenic signaling network, Mol. Cell, 13 (2004), pp. 649-63.
3. B. Annabi, E. Naud, Y. Lee, N. Eliopoulos, and J. Galipeau, Vascular progenitors derived from murine bone marrow stromal cells are regulated by fibroblast growth factor and are avidly recruited by vascularizing tumors, J. Cell. Biochem., 2004 (2004), pp. 1146-58.
4. T. Asahara, C. Bauters, L. Zheng, S. Takeshita, S. Bunting, N. Ferrara, J. Symes, and J. Isner, Synergiatic effect, of vascular endothelial grouth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor on angiogenesis in vivo, Circulation, 92 (1995), pp. 11365-71.
5. P. Baluk, S. Morikawa, A. Haskell, M. Mancuso, and D. McDonald, Abnormalities of basement membrane on blood vessels and endothelial sprouts in tumors.
6. S. Batra and K. Rakusan, Geometry of the vascular system-evidence for a metabolic hypothesis, Microvasc. Res., (1991), pp. 39-50.
7. S. Batra and K. Rakusan, Capillary network geometry during postnatal growth in rat hearts, Am. J. Physiology, (1992), pp. 635-640.
8. R. Benezra and S. Rafii, Endostatin's endpoints-deciphering the endostatin antiangiogenic pathway, Cancer Cell, 5 (2004), pp. 205-6.
9. G. Bou-Gharios, M. Ponticos, Rajkumar, V., and D. Abraham, Extra-cellular matrix in vascular networks, Cell Prolif., 37 (2004), pp. 207-20.
10. F. Braet and E. Wisse, Structural and functional aspects of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrac: a review, Comp. Hepatol., 1 (2002), p. 1.
11. S. Cantrell, C. Cosner, and Y. Lou, Multiple reversals of competitive dominance in ecological models via external habitat degradation, J. Dynamic Diff. Eqns, in press (2005).
12. T. Chan-Ling, Glial. vascular, and neuronal cytogenesis in whole-mounted cat retina, Microsc. Res. Tech., 36 (1997), pp. 1-16.
13. M.A.J. Chaplain and A.M. Stuart, A model mechanism for the chemotactic response of endothelial cells to tumor angiogenesis factor, I.M.A. J. Math. Appl. Math. Biol., (1993), pp. 149-168.
14. E. Chen, S. Hermanson, and S. Ekker, Syndecan-2 is essential for angiogenic sprouting during zebrafish development, Blood, 103 (2004), pp. 1710-9.
15. G. Chiang and M. Nilsen-Hamilton, Opposite and selective effects of epidermal growth factor and human platelet transforming growth factor-beta on the production of secreted proteins by murine 3t3 cells and human fibroblasts, J. Biol. Chem., 261 (1986), pp. 10478-81.
16. S. Childress and J.K. Percus, Nonlinear aspects of chemotaxis, Math. Biosci., 56 (1981), pp. 217-237.
17. B. Davis, Reinforced random walks, Probal. Theory Related Fields, (1990), pp. 203-229.
18. P. DiMilla, J. Stone, J. Quinn, S. Albelda, and D. Lauffenburger, Maximal migration of human smooth muscle cells on fibronectin and type iv collagen occurs at an intermediate attachment strength, J. Cell Biol., 122 (1993), pp. 729-37.
19. V. Djonov, O. Baum, and P. Burri, Vascular remodeling by intussusceptive angiogenesis, Cell Tissue Res., 314 (Vascular remodeling by intussusceptive angiogenesis), pp. 107-17.
20. J. Dockery, V. Hutson, K. Mischaikow, and M. Pernarowski, The evolution of slow dispersal rates: a reaction diffusion model, J. Math. Biol., 37 (1998), pp. 61-83.
21. S. Egginton and M. Gerritsen, Lumen formation: in vivo versus in vitro observations, Microcirculation, 10 (2003), pp. 45-61.
22. S. Ekholm, P. Zickert, S. Reed, and A. Zetterberg, Accumulation of cyclin e is not a prerequisite for passage through the restriction point, Mol. Cell Biol., 21 (2001), pp. 3256-65.
23. R. Erber, A. Thurnher, A. Katsen, G. Groth, H. Kerger, H. Hammes, M. Menger, A. Ullrich, and P. Vajkoczy, Combined inhibition of vegf and pdgf signaling enforces tumor vessel regression by interfering with pericyte-mediated endothelial cell survival mechanisms, Faseb. J., 18 (2004), pp. 338-40.
24. A. Estreicher, J. Muhlhauser, J. Carpentier, L. Orci, and J. Vassalli, The receptor for urokinase type plasminogen activator polarizes expression of the protease to the leading edge of migrating monocytes and promotes degradation of enzyme inhibitor complexes, J. Cell. Biol., 111 (1990), pp. 783-92.
25. M. Fannon, K. Forsten-Williams, C. Dowd, D. Freedman, J. Folkman, and M. Nugent, Binding inhibition of angiogenic factors by heparan sulfate proteoglycans in aqueous humor: potential mechanism for maintenance of an avascular environment, Faseb. J., 17 (2003), pp. 902-4.
26. D. Fawcett, A Textbook of Histology, 1994.
27. R. Flaumenhaft, M. Abe, P. Mignatti, and D. Rifkin, Basic fibroblast growth factor-induced activation of latent transforming growth factor beta in endothelial cells: regulation of plasminogen activator activity, J. Cell Biol., 118 (1992), pp. 901-9.
28. J. Folkman, Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications., N. Engl. J. Med., 285 (1971), pp. 1182-6.
29. _, Angiogenesis-retrospect and outlook, in Angiogenesis: Key Principles-Science-Technology-Medicine, P.B. Steiner, R. Weisz and R. Langer, eds., 1992.
30. G. Fuh, B. Li, C. Crowley, B. Cunningham, and J. Wells, Requirements for binding and signaling of the kinase domain receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor, J. Biol. Chem., 273 (1998), pp. 11197-204.
31. M. Furusato, M. Fukunaga, Y. Kikuchi, S. Chiba, K. Yokota, K. Job, S. Aizawa, and E. Ishikawa, Two- and three-dimensional ultrastructural observations of angiogenesis in juvenile hemangioma, Virchows Arch. B Cell. Pathol. Incl. Mol. Pathol, 46 (1984), pp. 229-37.
32. R.A. Gateriby and E.T. Gawlinski, A reaction-diffusion model of cancer invasion, Cancer Research, 56 (1996), pp. 5745-5753.
33. R.A. Gatenby and E.T. Gawlinski, The glycolytic phenotype in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion: insights through mathematical models, Cancer Research, 63 (2003), pp. 3847-3854.
34. E. George, H. Baldwin, and R. Hynes, Fibronectins are essential for heart and blood vessel morphogenesis but are dispensable for initial specification of precursor cells, Blood, 90 (1997), pp. 3073-81.
35. E. George, E. Georges-Labouesse, R., Patel-King, H. Rayburn, and R. Hynes, Defects in mesoderm. neural tube and vascular development in mouse embryos lacking fibronectin, Development, 119 (1993), pp. 1079-91.
36. R. Gerli, L. Ibba, and C. Fruschelli, Ultrastructural cytochemistry of anchoring filaments of human lymphatic capillaries and their relation to elastic fibers, Lympbology, 24 (1991), pp. 105-12.
37. A., J. Gospodarowicz, D. and J. Schilling, Isolation and characterization of a vascular endothelial cell mitogen produced by pituitary-derived folliculo stellate cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 86 (1989), pp. 7311-5.
38. E. Gustafsson and R. Fassler, Insights into extracellular matrix functions from mutant mouse models, Exp. Cell Res., 261 (2000), pp. 52-68.
39. M. Hangai, N. Kitaya, J. Xu, C. Chan, J. Kim, Z. Werb, S. Ryan, and P. Brooks, Matrix metalloproteinase-9- dependent exposure of a cryptic, migratory control site in collagen is required before retinal angiogenesis, Am. J. Path., 161 (2002), pp. 1429-37.
40. K.M.L.P.A.A. Hellstrom, M. and C. Betsholtz, Role of pdgf-b and pdgfr-beta in recruitment of vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes during embryonic blood vessel formation in the mouse, Development, 126 (1999), pp. 3047-55.
41. T. Hillen and P.A., The one-dimensional chemotaxis model: global existence and asymptotic profile.
42. T. Hillen and K. Painter, Global existence for a parabolic chemotaxis model with prevention of overcrowding, Adv. in Appl. Math., 26 (2001), pp. 280-301.
43. K. Hirschi and P. D'Amore, Pericytes in the microvasculature, Cardiovas. Res., 32 (1996), pp. 687-98.
44. V. Hutson, Y. Lou, arid K. Mischaikow, Spatial heterogeneity of resources versus Lotka-Volterra dynamics, J. Differential Equations, 185 (2002), pp. 97-136.
45. V. Hutson, Y. Lou, K. Mischaikow, and P. Poláčik, Competing species near a degenerate limit, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 35 (2003), pp. 453-491 (electronic).
46. V. Hutson, K. Mischaikow, and P. Poláčik, The evolution of dispersal, rates in a heterogeneous time-periodic environment, J. Math. Biol., 43 (2001), pp. 501-533.
47. R. Hynes, Alteration of cell-surface proteins by viral transformation and by proteolysis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 1973 (70), pp. 3170-4.
48. T. Ichii, H. Koyama, S. Tanaka, S. Kim, A. Shioi, Y. Okuno, E. Raines, H. Iwao, S. Otani, and Y. Nishizawa, Fibrillar collagen specifically regulates human vascular smooth muscle cell genes involved in cellular responses and the pericellular matrix environment, Circ. Res., 88 (2001), pp. 460-7.
49. D. Ingber and J. Folkman, Inhibition of angiogenesis through modulation of collagen metabolism, Lab. Invest., 59 (1988), pp. 44-51.
50. R. Iozzo and J. San Antonio, Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: heavy hitters in the angiogenesis arena, J. Clin. Invest., 108 (2001), pp. 349-55.
51. R. Jain, Molecular regulation of vessel maturation, Nat. Med., 9 (2003), pp. 685-93.
52. J. Jordan, R. Michels, and B. Glaser, Extracellular matrix of newly forming vessels - an immunohistochemical study, Microvasc Res, 42 (1991), pp. 255-65.
53. F. Jonca, G. P. Ortega, N., N. Bertrand, and J. Plouet, Cell release of bioactive fibroblast growth factor 2 by exon 6-encoded sequence of vascular endothelial growth factor, J. Biol. Chem., 272 (1997), pp. 24203-9.
54. A. Jones, M. Hulett, J. Altin, P. Hogg, and C. Parish, Plasminogen is tethered with high affinity to the cell surface by the plasma protein, histidine-rich glycoprotein, J. Biol. Chem., 279 (2004), pp. 38267-76.
55. E. F. Keller and L. A. Segel, Initiation of slime mold aggregation viewed as an instability, J. Theor. Biol., 30 (1970), pp. 399-415.
56. G. R. B. W. A. K. T. R. F. R. Kostka, G. and M. Chu, Perinatal lethality and endothelial cell abnormalities in several vessel compartments of fibulin-1-deficient mice, Mol. Cell Biol., 21 (2001), pp. 7025-34.
57. T. Levchenko, K. Aase, B. Troyanovsky, A. Bratt, and L. Holmgren, Loss of responsiveness to chemotactic factors by deletion of the c-terminal protein interaction site of angiomotin, J Cell Sci, 116 (2003).
58. H.A. Levine, S. Pamuk, B.D. Sleeman, and M. Nilsen-Hamilton, Mathematical modeling of capillary formation and development in tumor angiogenesis: Penetration into the stroma, Bull. Math. Biol., (2001), pp. pp. 801-863.
59. H.A. Levine and B.D. Sleeman, A system of reaction diffusion equations arising in the theory of reinforced random walks, SIAM J. Appl. Math., (1997), pp. 683730.
60. H.A. Levine, B.D. Sleeman, and M. Nilsen-Hamilton, A mathematical model for the roles of pericytes and macrophages in the initiation of angiogenesis: I. the role of protease inhibitors in preventing angiogenesis, Mathematical Biosciences, (2002), pp. 77-115.
61. H.A. Levine, M.W. Smiley, and M. Nilsen-Hamilton, A mathematical model for the onset of avascular tumor growth in response to the loss of p53 function, manuscript submitted.
62. S. Li, D. Harrison, S. Carbonetto, R. Fassler, N. Smyth, D. Edgar, and P. Yurchenco, Matrix assembly, regulation, and survival functions of laminin and its receptors in embryonic stem cell differentiation, 157 (2002), pp. 1279-90.
63. L. Liotta, P. Steeg, and W. Stetler-Stevenson, Cancer metastasis and angiogenesis: an imbalance of positive and negative regulation., Cell, 64 (1991), pp. 327-36.
64. K. List, O. Jensen, T. Bugge, L. Lund, M. Ploug, K. Dano, and N. Behrendt, Plasminogen-independent initiation of the pro-urokinase activation cascade in vivo, activation of pro-urokinase by glandular kallikrein (mgk-6) in plasminogendeficient mice., Biochemistry, 39 (2000), pp. 508-15.
65. X. Liu, H. Wu, M. Byrne, S. Krane, and R. Jaenisch, Type iii collagen is crucial for collagen i fibrillogenesis and for normal, cardiovascular development, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94 (1997), pp. 1852-6.
66. J. Lohler, R. Timpl, and H,. Jaenisch, Embryonic lethal mutation in mouse collagen i gene causes rupture of blood vessels and is associated 'with erythropoietic and mesenchymal cell death, Cell, 38 (1984), pp. 597-607.
67. M. Maragoudakis, E. Missirlis, G. Karakiulakis, M. Sarmonica, M. Bastakis, and N. Tsopanoglou, sement membrane biosynthesis as a target for developing inhibitors of angiogenesis with anti-tumor properties, Kidney Int., 1993 (1993), pp. 147-50.
68. T. Matsumoto and L. Claesson-Welsh, Vegf receptor signal transduction, Sci STKE, (2001), p. RE21.
69. A.M.L. Meyer, G.T., L. Noack, M. Vadas, and J. Gamble, Lumen formation during angiogenesis in vitro involves phagocytic activity, formation and secretion of vacuoles, cell death, and capillary tube remodelling by different populations of endothelial cells, Anat. Rec., 249 (1997), pp. 327-40.
70. J. Mezquita, B. Mezquita, M. Pau, and C. Mezquita, Down-regulation of fit-1 gene expression by the proteasome inhibitor mg262, J Cell Biochem, 89 (2003), pp. 1138-47.
71. J. Miner and P. Yurchenco, Laminin functions in tissue morphogenesis, Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 20 (2004), pp. 255-94.
72. S. Mitola, M. Strasly, M. Prato, P. Ghia, and F. Bussolino, Il-12 regulates an endothelial cell-lymphocyte network: effect on metalloproteinase-9 production, J. Immunol., 171 (2003), pp. 3725-33.
73. T. Moser, D. Kenan, T. Ashley, T. Roy, M. Goodman, U. Misra, D. Cheek, and S. Pizzo, Endothelial cell surface f1-f0 atp synthase is active in atp synthesis and is inhibited by angiostatin, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98 (2001), pp. 6656-61.
74. A. Murray, Recycling the cell cycle: cycling revisited, Cell, 116 (2004), pp. 22134.
75. J. Murray, Mathematical Biology, Biomathematics Texts, Springer-Verlag, 1989.
76. T. Nagai and T. Nakaki, Stability of constant steady states and existence of unbounded solutions in time to a reaction-diffusion equation modelling chemotaxis, Nonlinear Analysis, 58 (2004), pp. 657-81.
77. T. Nagai and T. Senba, Global existence and blow-up of radial solutions to a parabolic-elliptic system of chemotaxis, Adv. Math. Sci. Appl., 8 (1998), pp. 145-156.
78. R.M. Nerem, M.J. Levesque, and J.F. Cornhill, Vasuclar endothelial cell morphology as an indicator of the pattern of blood flow, J. Biomech. Eng., (1981), pp. 172-176.
79. A. Nerlich and E. Schleicher, Identification of lymph and blood capillaries by immunohistochemical staining for various basement membrane components, Histochemistry, 96 (1991), pp. 449-53.
80. G. Neufeld, T. Cohen, S. Gengrinovitch, and Z. Poltorak, Vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and its receptors, Faseb. J., 13 (1999), pp. 9-22.
81. M. Nilsen-Hamilton, R. Hamilton, W. Allen, and S. Potter-Perigo, Syncrgistic stimulation of s6 ribosomal protein phosphorylatiori and dna synthesis by epidermal growth factor and insulin in quiescent 3t3 cells, Cell, 31 (1982), pp. 237-42.
82. M. Nilsen-Hamilton, Y. Jang, M. Delgado, J. Shim, K. Bruns, C. Chiang, Y. Fang, C. Parfett, D. Denhardt, and R. Hamilton, Regulation of the expression of mitogen-regulated protein (mrp; proliferin) and cathepsin I in cultured cells and in the murine placenta, Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 77 (1991), pp. 115-22.
83. K. Osaki and A. Yagi, Finite dimensional attractor for one-dimensional Keller-Segel equations, Furikcial. Ekvac., 44 (2001), pp. 441-69.
84. L. Ossowski and J. Aguirre-Ghiso, Urokinase receptor and integrin partnership: coordination of signaling for cell adhesion, migration and growth, Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol., 12 (2000), pp. 613-20.
85. H. G. Othmer and A. Stevens, Aggregation, blow up and collapse: The abc's of taxis and reinforced random walks, SIAM J. Appl. Math., (1997), pp. 10441081.
86. U. Ozerdem and W. Stallcup, Early contribution of pericytes to angiogenic sprouting and tube formation, Angiogenesis, 6 (2003), pp. 241-9.
87. K. J. Painter and T. Hillen, Volume-filling and quorum sensing in models for chemosensitive movement, Can. J. Appl. Math., 10 (2003).
88. S. Palecek, J. Loftus, M. Ginsberg, D. Lauffenburger, and A. Horwitz, Integrin-ligand binding properties govern cell migration speed through cell-substratum adhesiveness, Nature, 385 (1997), pp. 537-40.
89. S. Pandey, C. Lopez, and A. Jammu, Oxidative stress and activation of proteasome protease during serum deprivationinduced apoptosis in rat hepatoma cells; inhibition of cell death by melatonin, Apoptosis, 8 (8), pp. 497-508.
90. B. Patterson and Q. Sang, Angiostatin-converting enzyme activities of human matrilysin (mmp-7) and gelatinase b/type iv collagenase (mmp-9), J. Biol. Chem., 272 (1997), pp. 28823-5.
91. L. Pereira, K. Andrikopoulos, J. Tian, S. Lee, D. Keene, R. Ono, D. Reinhardt, L. Sakai, N. Biery, T. Bunton, H. Dietz, and F. Ramirez, Targeting of the gene encoding fibrillin-1 recapitulates the vascular aspect of marfan syndrome, Na Genet., 17 (1997), pp. 218-22.
92. X. Pi, Y. C., and B. Berk, Big mitogen-activated protein kinase (bmk1)/erk5 protects endothelial cells from apoptosis, Circ. Res., 94 (2004), pp. 362-9.
93. J. Pickering, C. Ford, and L. Tang, B. Chow, Coordinated effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 on expression of fibrillar collagens, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases by human vascular smooth muscle cells, evidence for repressed collagen production and activated degradative capacity, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol., 17 (1997), pp. 475-82.
94. D. Qiao, K. Meyer, C. Mundhenke, S. Drew, and A. Friedl, Heparan sulfate proteaglycans as regulators of fibroblast growth factor-2 signaling in brain endothelial cells, specific role for glypican-1 in glioma angiogenesis, J. Biol. Chem., 278 (2003), pp. 16045-53.
95. M. Reyes, A. Dudek, B. Jahagirdar, L. Koodie, P. Marker, and C. Verfaillie, Origin of endothelial progenitors in human postnatal bone marrow, J. Clin. Invest., 109 (2002), pp. 337-46.
96. C. Ruegg and A. Mariotti, Vascular integrins: pleiotropic adhesion and signaling molecules in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis, Cell Mol. Life Sci., 60 (2003), pp. 1135-57.
97. E. Ruoslahti and M. Pierschbacher, New perspectives in cell adhesion: Rgd and integrins., Science, 238 (1987), pp. 491-7.
98. M. Rusnati and M. Presta, Interaction of angiogenic basic fibroblast growth factor with endothelial cell heparan sulfate proteoglycans. biological implications in neovascularization, Int. J. Clin. Lab. Res., 26 (1996), pp. 15-23.
99. F. Sabin, Studies on the origin of the blood vessels and of red blood corpuscles as seen in the living blastoderm of chick during the second day of incubation, Contr Embryol, 9 (1920), pp. 215-262.
100. T. Sasaki, H. Larsson, D. Tisi, L. Claesson-Welsh, E. Hohenester, and R. Timpl, Endostatins derived from collagens xv and xviii differ in structural and binding properties, tissue distribution and anti-angiogenic activity, J. Mol. Biol., 301 (2000), pp. 1179-90.
101. C. Scavelli, E. Weber, M. Agliano, T. Cirulli, B. Nico, A. Vacca, and D. Ribatti, Lymphatics at the crossroads of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, J. Anat., 204 (2004), pp. 433-49.
102. J. Sechler and J. Schwarzbauer, Control of cell cycle progression by fibronectin matrix architecture, 273 (1998), pp. 25533-6.
103. G. Seghezzi, R.C. Patel, S., A. Gualandris, G. Pintucci, E. Robbins, R. Shapiro, A. Galloway, D. Rifkin, and P. Mignatti, Fibroblasl growth factor-2 (fgf-2) induces vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) expression in the endothelial cells of forming capillaries: an autocrine mechanism contributing to angiogenesis, J. Cell. Biol., 141 (1998), pp. 1659-73.
104. D. Seo, H. Li, L. Guedez, P. Wingfield, T. Diaz, R. Salloum, B. Wei, and W. Stetler-Stevenson, Timp-2 mediated inhibition of angiogenesis: an mmp-independent mechanism, Cell, 114 (2003), pp. 171-80.
105. D. Sims, Diversity within pericytes, Clin. Exp. Pharrnacol. Physiol., 27 (2000), pp. 841-6.
106. J. Sottile, Regulation of angiogenesis by extracellular matrix, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1654 (2004), pp. 13-22.
107. J. Sottile, D. Hocking, and P. Swiatek, Fibronectin matrix assembly enhances adhesion-dependent cell growth, J. Cell. Sci., 111 (Pt 19) (1998), pp. 2933-43.
108. Y. Taba, M. Miyagi, M., H. Y., Inoue, F. Takahashi-Yanaga, S. Morimoto, and T. Sasaguri, 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin j2 and laminar fluid shear stress stabilize c-iap1 in vascular endothelial cells, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 285 (2003), pp. H38-46.
109. T. Tarui, M. Majumdar, L. Miles, W. Ruf, and Y. Takada, Plasmin-induced migration of endothelial cells, a potential target for the anti-angiogenic action of angiostatin., PJ Biol Chem, 277 (2002), pp. 33564-70.
110. S. Taverna, G. Ghersi, A. Ginestra, S. Rigogliuso, S. Pecorella, G. Alaimo, F. Saladino, V. Dolo, P. Dell'Era, A. Pavan, G. Pizzolanti, P. Mignatti, M. Presta, and M. Vittorelli, Shedding of membrane vesicles mediates fibroblast growth factor-2 release from cells., J. Biol. Chem., 278 (2003), pp. 51911-9.
111. F. Thalacker and M. Nilsen-Hamilton, Specific induction of secreted proteins by transforming growth factor-beta and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate. Relationship with an inhibitor of plasminogen activator, J. Biol. Chem., 262 (1987), pp. 2283-90.
112. _, Opposite and independent actions of cyclic amp and transforming growth factor beta in the regulation of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor expression, Biochem. J., 287(3) (1992), pp. 855-62.
113. J. Thyboll, J. Kortesmaa, R. Cao, R. Soininen, L. Wang, S.L. Iivanainen, A., M. Risling, Y. Cao, and K. Tryggvason, Deletion of the laminin alpha4 chain leads to impaired microvessel maturation, Mol. Cell. Biol., 22 (2002), pp. 1194202.
114. E. Tkachenko, E. Lutgens, R. Stan, and M. Simons, Fibrobtast growth factor 2 endocytosis in endothelial cells proceed via syndecan-4-dependent activation of rac1 and a cdc42-dependent macropinocytic pathway, J. Cell Sci., 117 (2004), pp. 3189-99.
115. B. Troyanovsky, T. Levchenko, G. Mansson, O. Matvijenko, and L. Holmgren, Angiomotin: an angiostatin binding protein that regulates endothelial cell migration and tube formation, J. Cell Biol., 152 (2001), pp. 1247-54.
116. I. Vlodavsky, Z. Fuks, R. Ishai-Michaeli, P. Bashkiri, E. Levi, G. Korner, R. Bar-Shavit, and M. Klagsbrun, Extracellular matrix-resident basic fibroblast growth factor: implication for the control of angiogenesis, J. Cell Biochern., 45 (1991), pp. 167-76.
117. E. Voest, B. Kenyon, M. O'Reilly, G. Truitt, R. D'Amato, and J. Folkman, Inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo by interleukin 12, J Natl Cancer Inst., 87 (1995), pp. 581-6.
118. J. Waltenberger, L. Claesson-Welsh, A. Siegbahn, M. Shibuya, and C.-H. Heldin, Different signal transduction properties of kdr and fit1, two receptors for vascular endothelial cell, grouth factor, J. Biolog. Chem., (1994), pp. 26988-26995.
119. H.R. Weber, I.T. and R. Iozzo, Model, structure of decorin and implications for collagen fibrillogenesis, J. Biol. Chem., 271 (1996), pp. 31767-70.
120. S. Wickstrom, K. Alitalo, and J. Keski-Oja, Endostatin associates with integrin alpha5beta1 and caveolin-1, and activates src via a tyrosyl phosphatase-dependent pathway in human endothelial cells, Cancer Res, 62, pp. 5580-9.
121. T. Xiao, J. Takagi, B. Coller, J. Wang, and T. Springer, Structural, basis for allostery in integrins and binding to fibrinogen-mimetic therapeutics, Nature, 432 (2004), pp. 59-67.
122. J. Xu, D. Rodriguez, E. Petitderc, J. Kim, M. Hangai, Y. Moon, G. Davis, P. Brooks, and S. Yuen, Proteolytic exposure of a cryptic site within collagen type iv is required for angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo, 2001.
123. S. Yamagishi, H. Yonekura, Y. Yamamoto, H. Fujimori, S. Sakurai, N. Tanaka, and H. Yamamoto, Vascular endothelial growth factor acts as a pericyte mitogen under hypoxic conditions, Lab. Invest., 79 (1999), pp. 501-9.
124. G. Zellin and A. Linde, Effects of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 on osteogenic cell populations during orthopic osteogenesis in vivo, Bone, 26 (2000), pp. 161-8.
125. Z. Zhou, J. Wang, R. Cao, H. Morita, R. Soininen, K. Chan, B. Liu, Y. Cao, and K. Tryggvason, Impaired angiogenesis, delayed wound healing and retarded tumor growth in perlecan heparan sulfate-deficient mice, Cancer Res, 64 (2004), pp. 4699-702.