Antiparasitics - A review of the recent patent literature

IDrugs

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 443-451

  Wernsdorfer, Walther H ^a   Allmendinger, Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33747005088     PISSN: 13697056     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. World Health Organization: WHO Expert Committee on Malaria. Twentieth Report. WHO Technical Report Series (2000):892.
2. Hirst SI, Stapley LA: Parasitology: The dawn of a new millenium. Parasitai Today (2000)16:1-3. • Provides a perspective of the global clinical and socio-economic dimensions of human parasitic diseases and a realistic, though sobering, appraisal of the current efforts in the control of these diseases.
3. Witty MJ: Current strategies in the search for novel antiparasitic agents. Int JPa/asito/(1999) 29:95-103. • A useful overview of the current strategies in the identification and development of antiparasitic agents, with a focus on ecto- and endo-parasites of livestock and companion animals.
4. Hudson AT: Patent focus on antiparasitic agents: May - October 1999. Exp Opin Ther Pat (2000) 10:153-163. •• This patent literature review focuses particularly on malaria, leishmaniasis and the fungal pathogen, Pneumocysti carinii, the metabolism and drug response of which resemble those of protozoa.
5. Ridley RG, Hudson AT: Chemotherapy of malaria. Curr Opin Infect Dis (1998)11:691-705.
6. Wemsdorfer WH: Tafenoquine. Curr Opin Anti-infect Invest Drugs (2000) 2:88-98.
7. Xiao SH, Booth M, Tanner M: The prophylactic effects of artemether against Schistosoma japonicum infections. Parasitol Today (2000) 16:122-126.
8. Litchfield JT, Wilcoxon F: A simplified method for evaluating doseeffect experiments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (1949) 96:99-113.
9. Wongsrichanalai C, Wimonwattrawatee T, Sookto P, Laoboonchai A, Heppner DG, Kyle DE, Wemsdorfer WH: In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falclparum to artesunate in Thailand. Bull WHO (1999) 77:392-398.
10. Wemsdorfer WH, Landgraf B, Wiedermann G, Kollaritsch H: Inverse correlation of sensitivity in vitro of Plasmodium falclparum to chloroquine and mefloquine in Ghana. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1994) 88:443-444.
11. Torok DS, Ziffer H: Synthesis and reactions of 11-azaartemislnin and derivatives. Tetrahedron Le (1995) 36:829-832.
12. Mekonnen B, Ziffer B: A new route to N-substituted 11-azaartemisinins. Tetrahedron Le (1997) 38:731-734.
13. World Health Organization. The World Health Report 1998. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland(1998):45.
14. Martier S, Menard G, Gisserot O, Kologo K, De Jaureguiberty JP: Leishmaniasls and human immunodeficiency virus: an emerging co-infection? Med Trop (1999) 59:193-200.
15. Bertie N, Wolday D, Hailu A, Abraham Y, AH A, Gebre-Michael T, Desjeux P, Sönnerborg A, Akuffo H, Britton S: HIV viral load and response to antileishmanial chemotherapy in co-infected patients. XWDS(1999) 13:1921-1925.
16. Loiseau P. Bones C: Recent strategies for the chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis. Curr Opin Infect Dis (1999) 12:559-564.
17. Rohé L, Hecht J, Steinert P: Glutathione and trypanothione in parasitic hydroperoxide metabolism. Free Radical Biol Med (1999) 27:966-984. •• This review covers the thiol-dependent hydroperoxide metabolism in parasites using Crithidia fasciculata as a repesentative example of the whole genus of the Kinetoplastida. The paper identifies interesting leads in the development of antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal compounds.
18. Austin SE, Khan OF, Douglas XT: Rational drug design using trypanothione reductase as a target for anti-trypanosomal and antileishmanial drug leads. Drug Des D/sc(1999) 16:5-23. •• This paper specifically relates to trypanothione reductase as a drug target. It identifies structure-activity and structure-toxicity relationships that can be used for selecting suitable antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial candidate compounds.
19. Urbina JA: Chemotherapy of Chagas' Disease: the how and the why. J Mol Med (1999) 77:332-338.
20. McKerrow JH: Development of cysteine protease inhibitors as chemotherapy for parasitic diseases: insights on safety, target validation, and mechanism of action. Int J Parasitai (1999) 29:833837. •• Review of evolution, localization and biological function of cysteine protelnases in metazoan and protozoan parasites of man and animals. The lack of redundance of parasite proteinases, in contrast to the relative abundance of these enzymes in mammals, explains the selective toxicity of cysteine proteinase inhibitors.
21. McKerrow JH, Engel JC, Caffrey CR: Cysteine protease inhibitors as chemotherapy for parasitic infections. Bioorg Med Chem (1999) 7:639-644. : •• The activity of cysteine proteinase inhibitors is demonstrated in Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma cruzi, providing a rationale for the relatively low mammalian toxicity.
22. Shahabuddin M, Vinetz JM: Chitinases of human parasites and their implications as antiparasitic targets. EXS (1999) 87:223-234.
23. Young AR, Manusco N, Bowles VM: Biochemical aspects of egg hatch In endo- and ectoparasites: potential for rational drug design. Int J Paras/to/(1999) 29:861-867.
24. Day TA, Maule AG: Parasitic peptides! The structure and function of neuropeptides in parasitic worms. Peptides (1999) 20:999-1019. • Neuropeptides are responsible for myoexcitation in platyhelminths and nematodes. Peptidergic signaling systems play a major functional role in these phyla and hold promise as targets in the development of antihelminthlc agents with selective toxicity.
25. Lyons ET, Tolliver SC, Drudge JH: Historical perspective of cyathostomes: prevalence, treatment and control programs. Vet Parasitol (1999) 85:97-111.
26. Meinnel T: Peptide deformylase of eukaryotic protists: a target for new antiparasitic agents? Parasitol Today (2000) 16:165-168. • Peptide deformylase is a novel potential target for drug development as it occurs only in Eubacteria and eukaryotic protozoa, such as plasmodia, trypanosomes and leishmania, but not in mammals.
27. Chandashekar R, Mehta K: Transglutaraminase-catalyzed reactions in the growth, maturation and development of parasitic nematodes. Parasitol Today (2000) 16:11 -17.
28. Ingram GM, Kinnaird JH: Ribonucleotide reductase: a new target for antiparasite therapies. Parasitai Today (1999) 15:333-342. • Ribonuclotide reductases (RNRs) emerge as promising and highly specific targets for novel antiparasitic agents, as the mammalian and parasite RNRs show major sequence differences.
29. HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Haynes RK, Chan H-W, Tsang H-W): Antiparasitic activity of artemisinin derivatives (endoperoxides). WO-00004025 (2000). •• This well-documented patent contains a wealth of information on the specific in vitro activity of 9-substituted artemisinin derivatives in Plasmodium falciparum.
30. HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Haynes RK, Chan H-W, Lam W-L, Tsang H-W, Cheung M-K): Antiparasitic activity of artemisinin derivatives (endoperoxides). WO-00004024 (2000). •• Results of in vitro screening in cell cultures ofNeospora caninum and in the continuous culture model of Plasmodium falciparum.
31. SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF MATERIA MEDICA, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (U Y, Yang Y, Liang J, Shan F, Wu G): Artemisinin derivatives containing phenyl and heterocyclic radicals. CN-01122806 (1996).
32. HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Haynes RK, Lam W-L): Artemisinin derivatives as antiparasitic agents. EP-00974593 (2000). •• This patent relates to 11-aza-artemisinin, an artemisinin analog with modified ring structure. The loss of the lactonlc configuration may open wider antiparasitic perspectives beyond the plasmodia.
33. THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY (Posner GH): Endoperoxides useful as antiparasitic agents. US-05672624 (1997).
34. THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY (Posner GH): Endoperoxides useful as antiparasitic agents. US-05817692 (1998).
35. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY (Gordon Jl, Gokel GW, Englund PT): Method of inhibiting parasitic activity. US05747537 (1998).
36. Isis INNOVATION LTD (Lowe G): Terpyridine-platinum(ll) complexes. WO-09727202(1997).
37. PFIZER INC (Bishop BF, Pacey MS, Perry DA): Antiparasitic agents related to the milbemycins and avermectins. US-05981500 (1999).
38. KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO Co LTD (Terashima S, Kalo T, Saitoh E): Process for producing avermectin B1 derivatives. WO-09945012 (1999).
39. PFIZER LTD (Walshe NDA, Cambers SJ): Improved process for antiparasitic agent. WO-09907721 (1999).
40. Mosin VA, Kruglyak EB, Berezkina NE, Novik TS, Drinyaev VA, Jurkiv VA, Lisovenko VT, Tenkova GN: Streptomyces avermitilis strain, method for separating avermectin complexes and preparations for protecting plants and animals. WO-09856939 (1998).
41. MERCK & Co (Byme KM, Dahl AM, Dombrowski A, Greene JA, Ondeyka JG, Ostlind DA, Singh SB, Vesey DM): Antiparasitic agents. US05834260 (1998).
42. MERCK & Co (Byme KM, Dahl AM, Dombrowski AW, Greene JA, Ondeyka JG, Ostlind DA, Singh SB, Vesey DM): Antiparasitic agents. WO-09808507(1998).
43. MERCK & Co (Meinke PT, Shih T, Rsher MH): Nodulisporic acid derivatives. WO-09812196 (1998).
44. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN Co (Lee BH, Clothier MF): Antiparasitic marclortines and paraherquamides. US-05703078 (1997).
45. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN Co (Lee BH, Clothier MF): 25-Methylene- and 24,25-epoxymarcfortines and paraherquamides. WO-09809971 (1998).
46. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN Co (Lee BH, Clothier MF): 25-Methylene and 24,25-epoxy marcfortines and paraherquamides. US-05886180 (1999).
47. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN Co (Lee BH, Clothier MF, McWorther WW Jr): 1and 2-substituted marcfortines and paraherquamides as antiparasitic agents. WO-09821211 (1998).
48. PFIZER INC (Banks BJ, Chubb NAL): 1-{2-Halogenoaryl)azoles as antiparasitic agents. EP-00957094 (1999).
49. PFIZER INC (Banks BJ, Webster RAB): 1-Aryl-4-cycloalk(en)ylpyrazoles as antiparasitic agents. EP-00959071 (1999).
50. UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA, SPAIN (Espinosa UA, Lacal SJJC, Gallo MMA, Campos RJM): New compounds having a selective antitumour, antiviral, antiparasite and antifungic activity, which block biosynthesis of phosphorilcholine by selective inhibition of intracellular choline kinase or Its use as second messenger in cellular proliferation. WO-09805644 (1998).
51. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, USA (Swenson DH): Hyperstabilizing antisense nucleic acid binding agents. US00786138 (1998).
52. VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, USA; AMERICAN CYANAMID COMPANY (Blakely RD, Eppler CM): A nematode dopamine transporter, and its sequence. WO-09921883 (1999).
53. MERCK & Co (Nielsen-Kahn J, Justice MC, Schmatz DM, Hsu M-J, Ku TW): Protein elongation factor 2 (EF2) as a target for antif ungal and antiparasitic agents. WO-09857176 (1998).