Aerosol light absorption in the North Atlantic: Trends and seasonal characteristics during the period 1989 to 2003

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 6, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 1913-1925

  Junker, C ^a,b   Jennings, S G ^b   Cachier, H ^c  

^a LABORATOIRE D AÉROLOGIE   (France)

^b NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND   (Ireland)

^c LABORATOIRE DES SCIENCES DU CLIMAT ET DE L ENVIRONNEMENT   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; AEROSOL; ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCE; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; LIGHT ATTENUATION; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; POLLUTANT; QUARTZ; SEASONAL VARIATION;

EURASIA; EUROPE; IRELAND; WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 33746984045     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-6-1913-2006     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. Ackerman, A. S., Toon, O. B., Stevens, D. E., Heymsfield, A. J., Ramanathan, V., and Welton, E. J.: Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot, Science, 288, 1042-1047, 2000.
2. Amery, C. A., Haberle, R. M., and Ackerman, T. P.: A one-dimensional modelling study of carbonaceous haze effects on the springtime Arctic environment, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 97, 20599-20613, 1992.
3. Andreae, M. O., Andreae, T. W., Ferek, R. J., and Raemdonck, H.: Long-range transport of soot carbon in the marine atmosphere, Sci. Total Environ., 36, 73-80, 1984.
4. Bowerman, B. L. and O'Connell, R. T.: Forecasting and Time Series: An Applied Approach, 3rd ed., Duxbury Press, Boston, MA, pp. 572, 1993.
5. Bodhaine, B. A.: Aerosol Absorption Measurements at Barrow, Mauna Loa and the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 8967-8975, 1995.
6. Cachier, H., Liousse, C., Pertuisot, M. H., Gaudichet, A., Echalar, F., and Lacaux, J. P.: African fire particulate emissions and atmospheric influence, in Biomass Burning and Global Change, edited by: Levine, J. S., 1, 428-440, 1996.
7. Cachier, H., Bremond, M.-P., and Buat-Ménard, P.: Determination of atmospheric soot carbon with a simple thermal method, Tellus-B, 41, 3, 379-390, 1989.
8. Chow, J., Watson, J. G., Pritchett, L. C., Pierson, W. R., Frazier, C. A., and Purcell, R. G.: The DRI thermal/optical reflectance carbon analysis system: Description, evaluation and applications in U.S. air quality studies, Atmos. Environ., 27A, 1185-1201, 1993.
9. Chylek, P., Jennings, S. G., and Pinnick, R.: Soot, in: Encyclopaedia of Atmospheric Science, edited by: Holton, J., Curry, J. A., and Pyle, J. A., Elsevier Press, 2093-2099, 2002.
10. Chylek, P., Banic, C., Damiano, P., Isaac, G., Johnson, B., Leaitch, R., Liu, P., Ngo, D., Said, F., and Winter, B.: Black Carbon: Atmospheric Concentrations and Cloud Water Content Measurements over Southern Nova Scotia, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 29105-29110, 1996.
11. Cooke, W. F., Liousse, C., Cachier, H., and Feichter, J.: Construction of a 1°×1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 18, 22137-22 162, 1999.
12. Cooke, W. F., Jennings, S. G., and Spain, T. G.: Black Carbon Measurements at Mace Head: 1989-1996, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 25 339-25 346, 1997.
13. Draxler, R. R. and Hess, G. D.: Description of the HYSPLIT 4 Modelling System, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224, available for anonymous ftp download at http://www.arl.noaa.gov/hysplit.html, 1998.
14. Echalar, F., Artaxo, P., Martins, J. V., Yamasoe, M., and Gerab, F.: Long-term monitoring of atmospheric aerosols in the Amazon Basin: Source identification and apportionment, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 31 849-31 864, 1998.
15. Fung, K.: Particulate carbon speciation by MnO2 oxidation, Aerosol Science & Technology, 12, 1, 122-127, 1990.
16. Guelle, W., Schulz, M., Balkanski, Y., and Dentener F.: Influence of the source formulation on modelling the atmospheric global distribution of sea salt aerosol, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 106, 27509-27524, 2001.
17. Gundel, L. A., Dod, R. L., Rosen, H., and Novakov, T: The relationship between optical attenuation and black carbon concentration for ambient and source particles, Sci. Total Environ., 36, 197-202, 1984.
18. Hansen, J. and Nazarenko, L.: Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 423-428, 2004.
19. Hansen, J., Sato, M., and Ruedy, R.: Radiative forcing and climate response, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 6831-6864, 1997.
20. Hansen, A. D. A., Rosen, H., and Novakov, T.: The aethalometer, an instrument for the real time measurement of optical absorption by aerosol particles, Sci. Total Environ., 36, 191-196, 1984.
21. Hansen, A. D. A., Rosen H., and Novakov, T.: Real time measurement of the absorption coefficient of aerosol particles, Appl. Opt., 21, 3060-3062, 1982.
22. Haywood, J. M. and Ramaswamy, V.: Global sensitivity studies of the direct radiative forcing due to anthropogenic sulfate and black carbon aerosols, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 6043-6058, 1998.
23. Houghton, J. T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D. J., Noguer, M., van der Linden, P. J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., and Johnson, C. A.: Third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2001.
24. Jacobson, M. Z.: Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols, Nature, 409, 695-697, 2001.
25. Jennings, S. G., Francis, J., Spain, T. G., Donaghy, T., Geever, M., and McGovern, F. M.: Microphysical and physico-chemical characterization of atmospheric marine and continental aerosol at Mace Head, Atmos. Environ. 31, 2795-2808, 1997.
26. Jennings, S. G. and Pinnick, R. G.: Relationships between visible extinction, absorption and mass concentration of carbonaceous smokes, Atmos. Environ., 14, 1123-1129, 1980.
27. Johnson, B. T, Shine, K. P., and Forster, P. M.: The semi-direct aerosol effect: impact of absorbing aerosols on marine stratocumulus, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 130, 1407-1422, 2004.
28. Junker, C.: Aerosol light absorption in a marine environment and its relation to black carbon aerosol mass concentration, Ph.D. thesis, National University of Ireland, Galway, 2004.
29. Junker, C., Sheahan, J. N., Jennings, S. G., O'Brien, P., Hinds, B. D., Martinez-Twary, E., Hansen, A. D. A., White, C., Garvey, D. M., and Pinnick, R. G.: Measurement and analysis of aerosol and black carbon in the southwestern United States and Panama and their dependence on air mass origin, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 109, D13201, doi:10.1029/2003JD004066, 2004.
30. Kim, Y. P, Lee, J. H., Kim, J. Y, Fung, K., Carmichael, G. R., Song, C. H., Kang, C. H., Kim, H.-K., Lee, C. B., Moon, K.-C., and Shim, S.-G.: Carbonaceous species in fine particles at the background sites in Korea between 1994 and 1999, Atmos. Environ., 34, 5053-5060, 2000.
31. Lamb, H. H.: British Isles weather types and a register of daily sequence of circulation patterns, 1861-1971, Geophysical Memoir 116, HMSO, London, pp. 85, 1972.
32. Lavanchy, V. M. H., Gäggeler, H. W, Nyeki, S., and Baltensperger, U.: Elemental Carbon (EC) and Black Carbon (BC) Measurements with a Thermal Method and an Aethalometer at the High-Alpine Research Station Jungfraujoch, Atmos. Environ., 33, 2759-2769, 1999.
33. Liousse, C., Cachier, H., and Jennings, S. G.: Optical and thermal measurements of black carbon aerosol content in different environments: Variation of the specific Attenuation cross-section, sigma (σ), Atmos. Environ., 1203-1211, 1993.
34. Macias, E. S., Zwicker, J. O., Ouimett, J. R., Hering, S. V., Friedlander, S. K., Cahill, T. A., Kuhlmey, G. A., and Richards, L. W.: Regional haze case studies in the south-western US -1. Aerosol chemical composition, Atmos. Environ., 15, 1971-1986, 1981.
35. Malissa, H., Puxbaum, H., and Pell, E.: Zur Simultanen Relativkonduktometrischen Kohlenstoff und Schwefelbestimmung in Stauben, Z. Anal. Chem., 282, 109-113, 1976.
36. Novakov, T. and Corrigan, E.: Thermal Characterization of Biomass Smoke Particles, Mikrochim. Acta, 119, 157-166, 1995.
37. O'Dowd, C. D., Facchini, M. C., Cavalli, F., Ceburnis, D., Mircea, M., Decesari, S., Fuzzi, S., Yoon, Y. J., and Putaud, J.-P.: Biogenically driven organic contribution to marine aerosol, Nature, 431, 676-680, 2004.
38. O'Dowd, C. D. and Smith, M. H.: Physio-chemical properties of aerosol over the North East Atlantic: Evidence for wind speed related sub-micron sea-salt aerosol production, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 98, 1137-1149, 1993.
39. Petzold, A., Kopp, C., and Niessner, R.: The dependence of the specific attenuation cross-section on black carbon mass fraction and particle size, Atmos. Environ., 31, 661-672, 1997.
40. Pinnick, R. G., Fernandez, G., Martinez-Andazola, E., Hinds, B. D., Hansen, A. D. A., and Fuller, K.: Aerosol in the arid southwestern United-States - measurements of mass loading, volatility, size distribution, absorption characteristics, black carbon content, and vertical structure to 7 km above sea-level, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 98, 2651-2666, 1993.
41. Sciare, J., Cachier, H., Oikonomou, K., Ausset, P., Sarda-Estève, R., Mihalopoulos, N., and Andreae, M. O.: Characterization of carbonaceous aerosols during the MINOS campaign in Crete, July-August 2001: a multi-analytical approach, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1743-1757, 2003.
42. Sharma, S., Lavoué, D., Cachier, H., Barrie, L. A., and Gong, S. L.: Long-term trends of the black carbon concentrations in the Canadian Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D15203, doi:10.1029/2003JD004331, 2004.
43. Sharma, S., Brook, J. R., Cachier, H., Chow, J., Gaudenzi, A., and Lu, G.: Light absorption and thermal measurements of black carbon in different regions of Canada, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, D4771 ,doi:10.1029/ 2001JD004331, 2002.
44. Simpson, J. E.: Sea breeze and local winds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
45. Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 430 pp., 1117 pp., 1153 pp., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA, 1998.
46. Stohl, A.: Computation, accuracy and applications of trajectories A review and bibliography, Atmos. Environ., 32, 947-966, 1998.
47. Turco, R. P.: Earth under Siege, 339 pp., Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1997.
48. UNSTAT: The United Nations energy statistics database (2002), Tech. rep., Stat. Div., New York, 2002.
49. Wolff, E. W. and Cachier, H.: Concentrations and seasonal cycle of black carbon in aerosol at a coastal Antarctic station, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 11033-11041, 1998.
50. Wolff, G. T., Groblicki, P. J., Cadle, S. H., and Countess, R. J.: Particulate carbon at various locations in the United States, in: Paniculate carbon: atmospheric life cycle, edited by: Wolff, G. T. and Klimisch, R. L., Plenum Press, New York, 297-315, 1982.