Eocene to recent variations in erosion across the central Andean fold-thrust belt, northern Bolivia: Implications for plateau evolution

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 248, Issue 1-2, 2006, Pages 118-133

  Barnes, J B ^a   Ehlers, T A ^a   McQuarrie, N ^b   O'Sullivan, P B ^c   Pelletier, J D ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Apatite to Zircon Incorporated   (United States)

^d University of Arizona   (United States)

Author keywords

Andes; apatite fission track; Bolivia; plateau; thermochronology

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; DEFORMATION; GEOCHRONOLOGY; LANDFORMS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS;

APATITE FISSION TRACK; EOCENE; FOLD-THRUST BELT; PLATEAU; THERMOCHRONOLOGY;

EROSION;

APATITE; EOCENE; FISSION TRACK DATING; FOLD AND THRUST BELT; OROGENIC BELT; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; THERMOCHRONOLOGY; ZIRCON;

BOLIVIA; SOUTH AMERICA;

EID: 33746676988     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.05.018     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Isacks B.L. Uplift of the central Andean plateau and bending of the Bolivian Orocline. J. Geophys. Res. 93 (1988) 3211-3231
2. Tapponnier P., Zhiqin X., Roger F., Meyer B., Arnaud N., Wittlinger G., and Jingsui Y. Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibetan plateau. Science 294 (2001) 1671-1677
3. Sobel E.R., Hilley G.E., and Strecker M.R. Formation of internally drained contractional basins by aridity-limited bedrock incision. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 10.1029/2002JB001883
4. Richter F.M., Rowley D.B., and DePaolo D.J. Sr isotope evolution of seawater: the role of tectonics. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 109 (1992) 11-23
5. Royden L. Coupling and decoupling of crust and mantle in convergent orogens; implications for strain partitioning in the crust. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 17679-17705
6. Ruddiman W.F., Raymo M.E., Prell W.L., and Kutzbach J.E. The uplift-climate connection; a synthesis. In: Ruddiman W.F. (Ed). Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change (1997), Plenum Press, New York 471-515
7. Wdowinski S., and Bock Y. The evolution of deformation and topography of high elevated plateaus: 2. Application to the central Andes. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 7121-7130
8. Murphy M.A., Yin A., Harrison T.M., Duerr S.B., Chen Z., Ryerson F.J., Kidd W.S.F., Wang X., and Zhou X. Did the Indo-Asian collision alone create the Tibetan plateau?. Geology 25 (1997) 719-722
9. McQuarrie N., Horton B.K., Zandt G., Beck S., and DeCelles P.G. Lithospheric evolution of the Andean fold-thrust belt, Bolivia, and the origin of the central Andean plateau. Tectonophysics 399 (2005) 15-37
10. Allmendinger R.W., Jordan T.E., Kay S.M., and Isacks B.L. The evolution of the Altiplano-Puna plateau of the central Andes. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 25 (1997) 139-174
11. Lamb S., and Hoke L. Origin of the high plateau in the central Andes, Bolivia, South America. Tectonics 16 (1997) 623-649
12. Horton B.K. Revised deformation history of the central Andes: inferences from Cenozoic foredeep and intermontane basins of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia. Tectonics 24 (2005) 10.1029/2003TC001619
13. Kennan L., Lamb S.H., and Hoke L. High-altitude palaeosurfaces in the Bolivian Andes; evidence for late Cenozoic surface uplift. In: Widdowson M. (Ed). Palaeosurfaces; Recognition, Reconstruction and Palaeoenvironmental Interpretation (1997), Geological Society of London 307-323
14. Gregory-Wodzicki K.M. Uplift history of the central and northern Andes; a review. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 112 (2000) 1091-1105
15. Sempere T., Herail G., Oller J., and Bonhomme M.G. Late Oligocene-early Miocene major tectonic crisis and related basins in Bolivia. Geology 18 (1990) 946-949
16. Benjamin M.T., Johnson N.M., and Naeser C.W. Recent rapid uplift in the Bolivian Andes; evidence from fission-track dating. Geology 15 (1987) 680-683
17. Gubbels T.L., Isacks B.L., and Farrar E. High-level surfaces, plateau uplift, and foreland development, Bolivian central Andes. Geology 21 (1993) 695-698
18. DeCelles P.G., and Horton B.K. Early to middle Tertiary foreland basin development and the history of Andean crustal shortening in Bolivia. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 115 (2003) 58-77
19. Garzione C.N., Molnar P., Libarkin J., and MacFadden B. Rapid late Miocene rise of the Bolivian Altiplano: evidence for removal of mantle lithosphere. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 241 (2006) 543-556
20. Coughlin T.J., O'Sullivan P.B., Kohn B.P., and Holcombe R.J. Apatite fission-track thermochronology of the Sierras Pampeanas, central western Argentina; implications for the mechanism of plateau uplift in the Andes. Geology 26 (1998) 999-1002
21. Carrapa B., Adelmann D., Hilley G.E., Mortimer E., Sobel E.R., and Strecker M.R. Oligocene range uplift and development of plateau morphology in the southern central Andes. Tectonics 24 (2005) 10.1029/2004TC001762
22. Sobel E.R., and Strecker M.R. Uplift, exhumation and precipitation: tectonic and climatic control of late Cenozoic landscape evolution in the northern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina. Basin Res. 15 (2003) 431-451
23. Willett S. Orogeny and orography; the effects of erosion on the structure of mountain belts. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 28957-28982
24. Willett S., and Brandon M. On steady states in mountain belts. Geology 30 (2002) 175-178
25. Clark M.K., House M.A., Royden L.H., Whipple K.X., Burchfiel B.C., Zhang X., and Tang W. Late Cenozoic uplift of southeastern Tibet. Geology 33 (2005) 525-528
26. Ehlers T.A., and Farley K.A. Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry; methods and applications to problems in tectonic and surface processes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 206 (2003) 1-14
27. Kley J. Geologic and geometric constraints on a kinematic model of the Bolivian Orocline. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 12 (1999) 221-235
28. McQuarrie N. The kinematic history of the central Andean fold-thrust belt, Bolivia; implications for building a high plateau. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 114 (2002) 950-963
29. Kley J. Transition from basement-involved to thin-skinned thrusting in the Cordillera Oriental of southern Bolivia. Tectonics 15 (1996) 763-775
30. H.P. Guarachi, S. Tawackoli, W.A. Salinas, H.M. Gonzales, Mapa Geologico de Bolivia, Servicio Geologico de Bolivia/YPFB, La Paz, Bolivia, scale 1:1,000,000, 2001.
31. Lamb S., and Davis P. Cenozoic climate change as a possible cause for the rise of the Andes. Nature 425 (2003) 792-797
32. Horton B.K. Erosional control on the geometry and kinematics of thrust belt development in the central Andes. Tectonics 18 (1999) 1292-1304
33. Montgomery D.R., Balco G., and Willett S.D. Climate, tectonics, and the morphology of the Andes. Geology 29 (2001) 579-582
34. E.B. Safran, Channel network incision and patterns of mountain geomorphology, PhD, University of California at Santa Barbara, 1998.
35. Crough S.T. Apatite fission-track dating of erosion in the eastern Andes, Bolivia. Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett. 64 (1983) 396-397
36. R.J. Gillis, B.K. Horton, M. Grove, Thermochronology, geochronology, and upper crustal structure of the Cordillera Real: Implications for Cenozoic exhumation of the central Andean plateau, Tectonics (in press).
37. Roeder D., and Chamberlain R.L. Structural geology of sub-Andean fold and thrust belt in northwestern Bolivia. In: Tankard A.J., Suarez R., and Welsink H.J. (Eds). Petroleum Basins of South America. AAPG Memoir vol. 62 (1995) 459-479
38. Roeder D. Andean-age structure of Eastern Cordillera (Province of La Paz, Bolivia). Tectonics 7 (1988) 23-39
39. Barnes J.B., and Pelletier J.D. Latitudinal variation of denudation in the evolution of the Bolivian Andes. Am. J. Sci. 306 (2006) 1-31
40. Tagami T. Zircon fission-track thermochronology and application to fault studies. In: Reiners P.W., and Ehlers T.A. (Eds). Low-Temperature Thermochronology: Techniques, Interpretations, and Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry vol. 58 (2005), MSA, Chantilly, VA 95-122
41. Tagami T., and O'Sullivan P.B. Fundamentals of fission-track thermochronology. In: Reiners P.W., and Ehlers T.A. (Eds). Low-Temperature Thermochronology: Techniques, Interpretations, and Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry vol. 58 (2005), MSA 19-47
42. Donelick R.A., O'Sullivan P.B., and Ketcham R.A. Apatite fission-track analysis. In: Reiners P.W., and Ehlers T.A. (Eds). Low-Temperature Thermochronology: Techniques, Interpretations, and Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry vol. 58 (2005), MSA, Chantilly, VA 49-94
43. Farley K.A. (U-Th)/He dating: techniques, calibrations, and applications. In: Portcelli D., Ballentine C.J., and Wieler R. (Eds). Noble Gases in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry. Rev. in Mineral. Geochem. vol. 47 (2002), MSA, Washington, DC 819-843
44. Gallagher K., Brown R., and Johnson C. Fission track analysis and its applications to geological problems. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 26 (1998) 519-572
45. Dobson M.H. Closure temperature in cooling geochronological and petrological systems. Contrib. Mineral. Pet. 40 (1973) 259-274
46. Reiners P.W., Spell T.L., Nicolescu S., and Zanetti K.A. Zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometry: He diffusion and comparisons with 40Ar/39Ar dating. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68 (2004) 1857-1887
47. Brandon M., Roden-Tice M., and Garver J. Late Cenozoic exhumation of the Cascadia accretionary wedge in the Olympic Mountains, Northwest Washington State. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 110 (1998) 985-1009
48. Hodges K.V. Geochronology and thermochronology in orogenic systems. In: Rudnick R.L. (Ed). Treatise on Geochemistry vol. 3 (2003), Elsevier Ltd. 263-292
49. Galbraith R.F. On statistical models for fission-track counts. J. Math. Geol. 13 (1981) 471-478
50. Green P.F. A new look at statistics in fission-track dating. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 5 (1981) 77-86
51. Brandon M.T. Decomposition of fission-track grain-age distributions. Am. J. Sci. 292 (1992) 535-564
52. Brandon M.T. Decomposition of mixed grain age distributions using BinomFit. On Track 24 (2002) 13-18
53. Ehlers T.A., Chaudhri T., Kumar S., Fuller C.W., Willett S.D., Ketcham R.A., Brandon M.T., Belton D.X., Kohn B.P., Gleadow A.J.W., Dunai T.J., and Fu F.Q. Computational tools for low-temperature thermochronometer interpretation. In: Reiners P.W., and Ehlers T.A. (Eds). Low-Temperature Thermochronology: Techniques, Interpretations, and Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry vol. 58 (2005), MSA, Chantilly, VA 589-622
54. Ketcham R.A., Donelick R.A., and Donelick M.B. AFTSolve; a program for multi-kinetic modeling of apatite fission-track data. Geol. Mat. Res. 2 (2000) 1-32
55. Galbraith R.F., and Laslett G.M. Statistical models for mixed fission track ages. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 21 (1993) 459-470
56. Carlson W.D., Donelick R.A., and Ketcham R.A. Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics: I. Experimental results. Amer. Min. 84 (1999) 1213-1223
57. Reiners P.W. Zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometry. In: Reiners P.W., and Ehlers T.A. (Eds). Low-Temperature Thermochronology: Techniques, Interpretations, and Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry vol. 58 (2005), MSA, Chantilly, VA 151-179
58. Benjamin M.T. Fission Track Ages on Some Bolivian Plutonic Rocks; Implications for the Tertiary Uplift and Erosion History of the Altiplano-Cordillera Real, MS, Dartmouth College (1986)
59. Reiners P.W., and Brandon M.T. Using thermochronology to understand orogenic erosion. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34 (2006) 419-466
60. Burtner R.L., Nigrini A., and Donelick R.A. Thermochronology of Lower Cretaceous source rocks in the Idaho-Wyoming thrust belt. AAPG Bull. 78 (1994) 1613-1636
61. R.A. Ketcham, R.A. Donelick, AFTSolve version 1.3.0, Donelick Analytical, Inc. and Richard A. Ketcham, 2001.
62. Ring U., Brandon M., Willett S., and Lister G. Exhumation processes. In: Ring U., Brandon M., Lister G., and Willett S. (Eds). Exhumation Processes; Normal Faulting, Ductile Flow and Erosion vol. 154 (1999), Geol. Soc. London, London 1-27
63. Sergiomin, Mapas Tematicos de Recursos Minerales de Bolivia, Hojas La Paz y Copacabana, SE 19-2, Geobol, La Paz, Bolivia, scale 1:250,000, 1997.
64. Jordan T.E., Reynolds III J.H., and Erikson J.P. Variability in age of initial shortening and uplift in the central Andes. In: Ruddiman W.F. (Ed). Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change (1997), Plenum Press, New York 41-61
65. McQuarrie N., and DeCelles P.G. Geometry and structural evolution of the central Andean backthrust belt, Bolivia. Tectonics 20 (2001) 669-692
66. Muller J.P., Kley J., and Jacobshagen V. Structure and Cenozoic kinematics of the Eastern Cordillera, southern Bolivia (21°S). Tectonics 21 (2002) 10.1029/2001TC001340
67. Elger K., Oncken O., and Glodny J. Plateau-style accumulation of deformation: southern Altiplano. Tectonics 24 (2005) 10.1029/2004TC001675
68. Allmendinger R.W., and Zapata T.R. The footwall ramp of the Subandean decollement, northernmost Argentina, from extended correlation of seismic reflection data. Tectonophysics 321 (2000) 37-55
69. Springer M., and Forster A. Heat-flow density across the central Andean subduction zone. Tectonophysics 291 (1998) 123-139
70. Instituto Geografico Militar, Digital Atlas of Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia, 2000, CDROM.
71. Beck S.L., Zandt G., Myers S.C., Wallace T.C., Silver P.G., and Drake L. Crustal-thickness variations in the central Andes. Geology 24 (1996) 407-410
72. Henry S.G., and Pollack H.N. Terrestrial heat flow above the Andean subduction zone in Bolivia and Peru. J. Geophys. Res. 12 (1988) 15,153-15,162
73. Masek J.G., Isacks B.L., Gubbels T.L., and Fielding E.J. Erosion and tectonics at the margins of continental plateaus. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 13,941-13,956
74. Kontak D.J., Farrar E.A., Clark A.H., and Archibald D.A. Eocene tectono-thermal rejuvenation of an upper Paleozoic-lower Mesozoic terrane in the Cordillera de Carabaya, Puno, southeastern Peru, revealed by K-Ar and (super 40)Ar/(super 39) Ar dating. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 3 (1990) 231-246
75. Ege H., Sobel E.R., Jacobshagen V., Scheuber E., and Mertmann D. Exhumation history of the central Andes of southern Bolivia by apatite fission track dating. Rev. Tec. YPFB 21 (2003) 165-172
76. Donelick R.A., and Miller D.S. Enhanced TINT fission track densities in low spontaneous track density apatites using 252Cf-derived fission fragment tracks: a model and experimental observations. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 18 (1991) 301-307
77. Farley K., Wolf R., and Silver L. The effects of long alpha-stopping distances on (U-Th)/He ages. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60 (1996) 4223-4229
78. Farley K. Helium diffusion from apatite; general behavior as illustrated by Durango fluorapatite. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 2903-2914
79. Ketcham R.A., Donelick R.A., and Carlson W.D. Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics: III. Extrapolation to geological time scales. Am. Mineral. 84 (1999) 1235-1255
80. Donelick R.A., Ketcham R.A., and Carlson W.D. Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics: II. Crystallographic orientation effects. Am. Mineral. 84 (1999) 1224-1234