Living high-training low: Effect on erythropoiesis and maximal aerobic performance in elite Nordic skiers

European Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 97, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 695-705

  Robach, Paul ^a,c   Schmitt, Laurent ^b   Brugniaux, Julien V ^c   Nicolet, Gérard ^b   Duvallet, Alain ^c   Fouillot, Jean Pierre ^c   Moutereau, Stéphane ^d   Lasne, Françoise ^e   Pialoux, Vincent ^f   Olsen, Niels V ^g   Richalet, Jean Paul ^c  

^a Ecole Nationale de Ski et d'Alpinisme   (France)

^b Centre National de Ski Nordique   (France)

^c UNIVERSITÉ PARIS 13   (France)

^d HENRI MONDOR HOSPITAL   (France)

^e Laboratoire National de Depistage du Dopage   (France)

^f UNIVERSITÉ CLERMONT AUVERGNE   (France)

^g UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Biathlon; Cross country ski; Hypoxia; Maximal oxygen uptake

Indexed keywords

ERYTHROPOIETIN; IRON; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR;

ADULT; AEROBIC CAPACITY; ALTITUDE ACCLIMATIZATION; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CONTROLLED STUDY; ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME; ERYTHROPOIESIS; EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY; FEMALE; HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPOXIA; IRON INTAKE; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; OXYGEN SATURATION; OXYGEN TRANSPORT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETICULOCYTE; SKIING; SLEEP; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION;

ADULT; ALTITUDE; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; ERYTHROPOIESIS; ERYTHROPOIETIN; EXERCISE; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; FERRITINS; HEART RATE; HEMATOCRIT; HEMOGLOBINS; HUMANS; IRON, DIETARY; MALE; OXYGEN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; RECEPTORS, TRANSFERRIN; SKIING;

EID: 33746621689     PISSN: 14396319     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0240-7     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ashenden MJ, Gore CJ, Martin DT, Dobson GP, Hahn AG (1999a) Effects of a 12-day "live high, train low" camp on reticulocyte production and haemoglobin mass in elite female road cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 80:472-478
2. Ashenden MJ, Gore CJ, Dobson GP, Hahn AG (1999b) "Live high, train low" does not change the total haemoglobin mass of male endurance athletes sleeping at a simulated altitude of 3000 m for 23 nights. Eur J Appl Physiol 80:479-484
3. + -ATPase activity in well-trained athletes. J Appl Physiol 98:186-192
4. 2 and time to exhaustion at this velocity. Sports Med 22:90-108
5. Brugniaux JV, Schmitt L, Robach P, Jeanvoine H, Zimmermann H, Nicolet G, Duvallet A, Fouillot JP, Richalet JP (2006a) Living high-training low: tolerance and acclimatization in elite endurance athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 96:66-77
6. Brugniaux JV, Schmitt L, Robach P, Nicolet G, Fouillot JP, Moutereau S, Lasne F, Pialoux V, Saas P, Chorvot MC, Cornolo J, Olsen NV, Richalet JP (2006b) Eighteen days of "living high, training low" stimulate erythropoiesis and enhance aerobic performance in elite middle-distance runners. J Appl Physiol 100:203-211
7. Clark SA, Aughey RJ, Gore CJ, Hahn AG, Townsend NE, Kinsman TA, Chow CM, McKenna MJ, Hawley JA (2004) Effects of live high, train low hypoxic exposure on lactate metabolism in trained humans. J Appl Physiol 96:517-525
8. Dehnert C, Hutler M, Liu Y, Menold E, Netzer C, Schick R, Kubanek B, Lehmann M, Boning D, Steinacker JM (2002) Erythropoiesis and performance after two weeks of living high and training low in well trained triathletes. Int J Sports Med 23:561-566
9. Dick FW (1992) Training at altitude in practice. Int J Sports Med 13:S203-S206
10. Friedmann B, Frese F, Menold E, Kauper F, Jost J, Bartsch P (2005) Individual variation in the erythropoietic response to altitude training in elite junior swimmers. Br J Sports Med 39:148-153
11. Ge RL, Witkowski S, Zhang Y, Alfrey C, Sivieri M, Karlsen T, Resaland GK, Harber M, Stray-Gundersen J, Levine BD (2002) Determinants of erythropoietin release in response to short-term hypobaric hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 92:2361-2367
12. Gore CJ, Hopkins WG (2005) Counterpoint: Positive effects of intermittent hypoxia (live high: Train low) on exercise performance are not mediated primarily by augmented red cell volume. J Appl Physiol 99:2055-2057
13. Gore CJ, Hahn AG, Scroop GC, Watson DB, Norton KI, Wood RJ, Campbell DP, Emonson DL (1996) Increased arterial desaturation in trained cyclists during maximal exercise at 580 m altitude. J Appl Physiol 80:2204-2210
14. Gore CJ, Hahn AG, Aughey RJ, Martin DT, Ashenden MJ, Clark SA, Garnham AP, Roberts AD, Slater GJ, McKenna MJ (2001) Live high: Train low increases muscle buffer capacity and submaximal cycling efficiency. Acta Physiol Scand 173:275-286
15. Ingjer F, Myhre K (1992) Physiological effects of altitude training on elite male cross-country skiers. J Sports Sci 10:37-47
16. Klausen T (1998) The feed-back regulation of erythropoietin production in healthy humans. Dan Med Bull 45:345-353
17. Koistinen PO, Rusko H, Irjala K, Rajamaki A, Penttinen K, Sarparanta VP, Karpakka J, Leppaluoto J (2000) EPO, red cells, and serum transferrin receptor in continuous and intermittent hypoxia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32:800-804
18. Le Moulenc N, Deheeger M, Preziosi P, Monterio P, Valeix P, Rolland-Cachera MF, Potier de Gourcy G, Christides JP, Galan P, Hercberg S (1996) Validation of the picture book used for the SU.VI.MAX food survey (in French). Cah Nutr Diet 3:158-164
19. Levine BD, Stray-Gundersen J (1997) "Living high-training low": Effect of moderate-altitude acclimatization with low-altitude training on performance. J Appl Physiol 83:102-112
20. Levine BD, Stray-Gundersen J (2005) Point: Positive effects of intermittent hypoxia (live high: Train low) on exercise performance are mediated primarily by augmented red cell volume. J Appl Physiol 99:2053-2055
21. Levine BD, Stray-Gundersen J (2006) Dose-response of altitude training: how much altitude is enough? Adv Exp Med Biol (in press)
22. Montgomery AB, Luce JM, Michael P, Mills J (1989) Effects of dexamethasone on the incidence of acute mountain sickness at two intermediate altitudes. JAMA 261:734-736
23. Mujika I, Busso T, Lacoste L, Barale F, Geyssant A, Chatard JC (1996) Modeled responses to training and taper in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 28:251-258
24. Rice L, Ruiz W, Driscoll T, Whitley CE, Tapia R, Hachey DL, Gonzales GF, Alfrey CP (2001) Neocytolysis on descent from altitude: A newly recognized mechanism for the control of red cell mass. Ann Intern Med 134:652-656
25. Robach P, Fulla Y, Westerterp KR, Richalet JP (2004) Comparative response of EPO and soluble transferrin receptor at high altitude. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36:1493-1498
26. Robach P, Schmitt L, Brugniaux JV, Nicolet G, Roels B, Millet G, Hellard P, Duvallet A, Fouillot JP, Moutereau S, Lasne F, Pialoux V, Olsen NV, Richalet JP (2006) Living high-training low: Effect on erythropoiesis and aerobic performance in highly-trained swimmers. Eur J Appl Physiol 96:422-433
27. 2max during acute hypobaric hypoxia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30:869-879
28. Roberts AD, Clark SA, Townsend NE, Anderson ME, Gore CJ, Hahn AG (2003) Changes in performance, maximal oxygen uptake and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit after 5, 10 and 15 days of live high: Train low altitude exposure. Eur J Appl Physiol 88:390-395
29. Rusko HK, Tikkanen HO, Peltonen JE (2004) Altitude and endurance training. J Sports Sci 22:928-944
30. Saunders PU, Telford RD, Pyne DB, Cunningham RB, Gore CJ, Hahn AG, Hawley JA (2004) Improved running economy in elite runners after 20 days of simulated moderate-altitude exposure. J Appl Physiol 96:931-937
31. Stray-Gundersen J, Chapman RF, Levine BD (2001) "Living high-training low" altitude training improves sea level performance in male and female elite runners. J Appl Physiol 91:1113-1120
32. Telford RD, Sly GJ, Hahn AG, Cunningham RB, Bryant C, Smith JA (2003) Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running. J Appl Physiol 94:38-42
33. Tiollier E, Schmitt L, Burnat P, Fouillot JP, Robach P, Filaire E, Guezennec CY, Richalet JP (2005) "Living high-training low " altitude training: Effects on mucosal immunity. Eur J Appl Physiol 94:298-304
34. Wehrlin JP, Marti B (2006) Live high-train low associated with increased haemoglobin mass as preparation for the 2003 World Championships in two native European world class runners. Br J Sports Med 40:e3
35. Wehrlin JP, Zuest P, Hallen J, Marti B (2006) Live high-train low for 24 days increases hemoglobin mass and red cell volume in elite endurance athletes. J Appl Physiol 100:1938-1945
36. Welde B, Evertsen F, Von Heimburg E, Medbo JI (2003) Energy cost of free technique and classical cross-country skiing at racing speeds. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35:818-825
37. Wilber RL (2004) Altitude training and athletic performance. Human Kinetics Publishers, USA, pp 139-182