When victims don't cry: Children's understandings of victimization, compliance, and subversion

Child Development

Volumn 77, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 1050-1062

  Shaw, Leigh A ^a   Wainryb, Cecilia ^b  

^a WEBER STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; AGE; AGGRESSION; ASSOCIATION; CHILD; CONCEPT FORMATION; COOPERATION; CRYING; DECEPTION; DECISION MAKING; DEFENSE MECHANISM; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MORALITY; PERSONAL CONSTRUCT THEORY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RECUMBENCY; REVIEW; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; VICTIM;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; AGGRESSION; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CONCEPT FORMATION; COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR; CRIME VICTIMS; CRYING; CUES; DECEPTION; DEFENSE MECHANISMS; EMOTIONS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; JUDGMENT; MALE; MORAL DEVELOPMENT; PERSONAL CONSTRUCT THEORY; SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY;

EID: 33746361470     PISSN: 00093920     EISSN: 14678624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00918.x     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Arsenio, W. F., & Lemerise, E. A. (2004). Aggression and moral development: Integrating social information processing and moral domain models. Child Development, 75, 987-1002.
2. Arsenio, W., & Lover, A. (1995). Children's conceptions of sociomoral affect: Happy victimizers, mixed emotions, and other expectancies. In M. Killen & D. Hart (Eds.), Morality in everyday life: Developmental perspectives (pp. 87-128). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3. Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Rev. ed.). New York: Academic Press.
4. Collins, W. A., & Laursen, B. (1992). Conflict and relationships during adolescence. In C. U. Shantz & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), Conflict in child and adolescent development (pp. 216-241). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
5. Craig, W. M., & Pepler, D. J. (2003). Identifying and targeting risk for involvement in bullying and victimization. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48, 577-582.
6. Craig, W. M., Pepler, D. J., Connolly, J., & Henderson, K. (2001). Developmental context of peer harassment in early adolescence: The role of puberty and the peer group. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 242-262). New York: The Guilford Press.
7. Damon, W. (1977). The social world of the child. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
8. Davidson, P., Turiel, E., & Black, A. (1983). The effect of stimulus familiarity on the use of criteria and justifications in children's social reasoning. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 1, 49-65.
9. Faul, F., & Erdfelder, E. (1992). GPOWER: A priori, post-hoc, and compromise power analyses for MS-DOS [Computer software]. Bonn, Germany: Bonn University, Department of Psychology.
10. Gnepp, J. (1983). Children's social sensitivity: Inferring emotions from conflicting cues. Developmental Psychology, 6, 805-814.
11. Gnepp, J. (1991). Children's use of personal information to understand other people's feelings. In C. Saarni & P. L. Harris (Eds.), Children's understanding of emotion (pp. 151-180). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
12. Gnepp, J., & Klayman, J. (1992). Recognition of uncertainty in emotional inferences: Reasoning about emotionally equivocal situations. Developmental Psychology, 28, 145-158.
13. Graham, S., & Juvonen, J. (1998a). Self-blame and peer victimization in middle school: An attributional analysis. Developmental Psychology, 34, 587-599.
14. Graham, S., & Juvonen, J. (1998b). A social cognitive perspective on peer aggression and victimization. Annals of Child Development, 13, 21-66.
15. Graham, S., & Juvonen, J. (2001). An attributional approach to peer victimization. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 49-72). New York: Guilford Press.
16. Harris, P. L. (1989). Children and emotion: The development of psychological understanding. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
17. Harris, P. L., & Gross, D. (1988). Children's understanding of real and apparent emotion. In J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of mind (pp. 295-314). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
18. Harter, S., & Whitesell, N. R. (1991). Developmental changes in children's understanding of single, multiple, and blended emotion concepts. In C. Saarni & P. L. Harris (Eds.), Children's understanding of emotion (pp. 81-115). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
19. Helwig, C. C. (1995). Adolescents' and young adults' conceptions of civil liberties: Freedom of speech and religion. Child Development, 66, 152-166.
20. Killen, M., Lee-Kim, J., McGlothlin, H., & Stangor, C. (2002). How children and adolescents evaluate gender and racial exclusion. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 67.
21. Laupa, M., Turiel, E., & Cowan, P. A. (1995). Obedience to authority in children and adults. In M. Killen & D. Hart (Eds.), Morality in everyday life: Developmental perspectives (pp. 131-165). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
22. McMaster, L. E., Connolly, J., Pepler, D. J., & Craig, W. M. (2002). Peer to peer harassment in early adolescence: A developmental perspective. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 91-105.
23. Nussbaum, M. C. (1999). Sex and social justice. New York: Oxford University Press.
24. Okin, S. M. (1989). Justice, gender, and the family. New York: Basic Books.
25. Perry, D. G., Kusel, S. J., & Perry, L. C. (1988). Victims of peer aggression. Developmental Psychology, 24, 807-814.
26. Perry, D. G., Willard, J., & Perry, L. (1990). Peer perceptions of the consequences that victimized children provide aggressors. Child Development, 61, 1310-1325.
27. Rigby, K., & Slee, P. (1991). Bullying among Australian schoolchildren. Journal of Social Psychology, 131, 615-627.
28. Ross, H. S., & Conant, C. L. (1992). The social structure of early conflict: Interaction, relationships, and alliances. In C. U. Shantz & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), Conflict in child and adolescent development (pp. 153-185). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
29. Shantz, C. U. (1987). Conflicts between children. Child Development, 58, 283-305.
30. Shantz, C. U., & Hartup, W. W. (1992). Conflict and development: An introduction. In C. U. Shantz & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), Conflict in child and adolescent development (pp. 1-14). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
31. Smetana, J. G. (2006). Social domain theory: Consistencies and variations in children's moral and social judgments. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 119-154). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
32. Smetana, J. G., Killen, M., & Turiel, E. (1991). Children's reasoning about interpersonal and moral conflicts. Child Development, 62, 629-644.
33. Thompson, R. A. (1989). Causal attributions and children's emotional understanding. In C. Saarni & P. L. Harris (Eds.), Children's understanding of emotion (pp. 117-150). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
34. Turiel, E. (1998). The development of morality. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, 5th ed., Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 863-932). New York: Wiley.
35. Turiel, E. (2002). The culture of morality: Social development, context, and conflict. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
36. Turiel, E., & Perkins, S. A. (2004). Flexibilities of mind: Conflict and culture. In C. Wainryb (Ed.), The study of diversity: Human development in culture. Special Issue of Human Development pp. 158-178). Basel: Karger.
37. Wainryb, C. (2000). Values and truths: The making and judging of moral decisions. In M. Laupa (Ed.), Rights and wrongs: How children evaluate the world, new Directions for child development (Vol. 89, pp. 33-46). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
38. Wainryb, C. (2004). Is and ought: Moral judgments about the world as understood. In B. Sokol & J. Baird (Eds.), New directions for child development: Mind, morals, and action: The interface between children's theories of mind and socio-moral development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
39. Wainryb, C., & Brehl, B. (2006). I thought she knew that would hurt my feelings: Developing psychological knowledge and moral thinking. In R. Kail (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior (Vol. 34, pp. 131-171). New York: Academic Press.
40. Wainryb, C., Brehl, B., & Matwin, S. (2006). Being hurt and hurting others: Children's narrative accounts and moral judgments of their own interpersonal conflicts. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 70.
41. Wainryb, C., & Turiel, E. (1994). Dominance, subordination, and concepts of personal entitlements in cultural contexts. Child Development, 65, 1701-1722.