Homoplasious character combinations and generic delimitation: A case study from the Indo-Pacific arecoid palms (Arecaceae: Areceae)

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 93, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 1065-1080

  Norup, Maria Vibe ^a,b   Dransfield, John ^b   Chase, Mark W ^b   Barfod, Anders S ^a   Fernando, Edwino S ^c   Baker, William J ^b  

^a AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

^b ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAÑOS   (Philippines)

Author keywords

Arecaceae; Biogeography; Heterospathe; Low copy nuclear DNA; Molecular phylogenetics; Morphology; Pseudomonomery; Rhopaloblaste

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOGRAPHY; ENZYME; MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENETICS; RNA;

INDIAN OCEAN;

ARECACEAE; ARECEAE; ARECOIDEAE; HETEROSPATHE; PTYCHOSPERMA; RHOPALOBLASTE;

EID: 33746016629     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: 00029122     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.93.7.1065     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. ASMUSSEN, C. B., W. J. BAKER, AND J. DRANSFIELD. 2000. Phylogeny of the palm family (Arecaceae) based on rps16 intron and trnL-trnF plastid DNA sequences. In K. L. Wilson and D. A. Morrison [eds.], Monocots: systematics and evolution, 525-537. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.
2. ASMUSSEN, C. B., AND M. W. CHASE. 2001. Coding and noncoding plastid DNA in palm systematics. American Journal of Botany 88: 1103-1117.
3. ASMUSSEN, C. B., J. DRANSFIELD, V. DEICKMANN, A. S. BARFOD, J.-C. PINTAUD, AND W. J. BAKER. In press. A new subfamily classification of the palm family (Arecaceae): evidence from plastid DNA phylogeny. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
4. BAKER, W. J. 2002. The palms of New Guinea project. Flora Malesiana Bulletin 13: 35-37.
5. BAKER, W. J., C. B. ASMUSSEN, S. BARROW, J. DRANSFIELD, AND T. A. HEDDERSON. 1999. A phylogenetic study of the palm family (Palmae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences from the trnL-trnF region. Plant Systematics and Evolution 219: 111-126.
6. BAKER, W. J., J. DRANSFIELD, AND T. A. HEDDERSON. 2000a. Phylogeny, character evolution, and a new classification of the calamoid palms. Systematic Botany 25: 297-322.
7. BAKER, W. J., T. A. HEDDERSON, AND J. DRANSFIELD. 2000b. Molecular phylogenetics of subfamiliy Calamoideae (Palmae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA rps16 intron sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 14: 195-217.
8. BAKER, W. J., T. A. HEDDERSON, AND J. DRANSFIELD. 2000c. Molecular phylogenetics of Calamus (Palmae) and related rattan genera based on 5S nrDNA spacer sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 14: 218-231.
9. BAKER, W. J., AND A. H. B. LOO. 2004. A synopsis of the genus Hydriastele. Kew Bulletin 59: 61-68.
10. BAKER, W. J., S. ZONA, C. D. HEATUBUN, C. E. LEWIS, R. A. MATURBONGS, AND M. V. NORUP. 2006. Dransfieldia (Arecaceae) - a new palm genus from western New Guinea. Systematic Botany 31: 60-68.
11. BANKA, R., AND W. BAKER. 2004. A monograph of the genus Rhopaloblaste (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 59: 47-60.
12. BARFOD, A. S. 2000. A new species of Licuala from New Guinea. Palms 44: 198-201.
13. BARFOD, A. S., R. BANKA, AND J. L. DOWE. 2001. Field guide to palms in Papua New Guinea. AAU Reports 40: 1-77.
14. BECCARI, O. 1877. Palme Papuane. Malesia 1: 52-53.
15. BECCARI, O. 1885. Reliquiae Schefferianae. Illustrazione di alcune palme viventi nel Giardino Botanico di Buitenzorg. Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg 2:90, 126
16. BECCARI, O. 1909. Notes on Philippine palms. II. Philippine Journal of Science, Botany 4: 610-637.
17. BURRETT, C., N. DUHIG, R. BERRY, AND R. VARNE. 1991. Asian and southwestern Pacific continental terranes derived from Gondwana, and their biogeographic significance. Australian Systematic Botany 4: 13-24.
18. CHASE, M. W., AND H. G. HILLS. 1991. Silica gel: an ideal material for field preservation of leaf samples for DNA studies. Taxon 40: 215-220.
19. DENTON, A. L., B. L. MCCONAUGHY, AND B. J. HALL. 1998. Usefulness of RNA polymerase II coding sequences for estimation of green plant phylogeny. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15: 1082-1085.
20. DOLPHIN, K., R. BELSHAW, C. D. L. ORME, AND D. L. J. QUICKE. 2000. Noise and incongruence: interpreting results of the incongruence length difference test. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 17: 401-406.
21. DOWE, J. L., AND P. CABALION. 1996. A taxonomic account of Arecaceae in Vanuatu, with descriptions of three new species. Australian Systematic Botany 9: 1-60.
22. DOWE, J. L., AND N. W. UHL. 1989. Carpoxylon macrospermum. Principes 33: 68-73.
23. DOYLE, J. J., AND J. L. DOYLE. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure from small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemistry Bulletin 19: 11-15.
24. DRANSFIELD, J. 1991. Lemurophoenix (Palmae: Arecoideae), a new genus from Madagascar. Kew Bulletin 46: 61-68.
25. DRANSFIELD, J. 1999. Species and species concepts in Old World palms. In A. Henderson and F. Borchsenius [eds.], Evolution, variation and classification of palms. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, vol. 83, 5-20. New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, New York, USA.
26. DRANSFIELD, J., AND H. J. BEENTJE. 1995. The palms of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and the International Palm Society, Norwich Print Services, Kew, UK.
27. DRANSFIELD, J., AND N. W. UHL. 1998. Palmae. In K. Kubitzki [ed.], The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 4, Flowering plants: monocotyledons, 306-389. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
28. DRANSFIELD, J., N. W. UHL, C. B. ASMUSSEN, W. J. BAKER, M.M. HARLEY, AND C. E. LEWIS. 2005. A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae. Kew Bulletin 60: 559-569.
29. ESSIG, F. B., T. J. MANKA, AND L. BUSSARD. 1999. A systematic histological study of palm fruits. III. Subtribe Iguanurinae (Arecaceae). Brittonia 51: 307-325.
30. FARRIS, J. S., M. KÄLLERSJÖ, A. G. KLUGE, AND C. BULT. 1995. Testing significance of incongruence. Cladistics 10: 315-319.
31. FELSENSTEIN, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791.
32. FERNANDO, E. S. 1990a. A preliminary analysis of the palm flora of the Philippine Islands. Principes 34: 28-45.
33. FERNANDO, E. S. 1990b. The genus Heterospathe (Palmae, Arecoideae) in the Philippines. Kew Bulletin 45: 219-234.
34. FITCH, W. M. 1971. Towards defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree typology. Systematic Zoology 20: 406-416.
35. GOVAERTS, R., AND J. DRANSFIELD. 2005. World checklist of palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.
36. GUNN, B. F. 2004. The phylogeny of the Cocoeae (Arecaceae) with emphasis on Cocos nucifera. Annals of Missouri Botanical Gardens 91: 505-522.
37. HAHN, W. J. 2002. A phylogenetic analysis of the arecoid line of palms based on plastid DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23: 189-204.
38. HALL, R. 1998. The plate tectonics of Cenozoic SE Asia and the distribution of land and sea. In R. Hall and J. D. Holloway [eds.], Biogeography and geological evolution of SE Asia, 99-131. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
39. HOOKER, J. D. 1883. Ordo 187. Palmae. In G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker [eds.], Genera plantarum 3, 870-948. Lovell Reeve, London, UK.
40. HUELSENBECK, J. P., J. J. BULL, AND C. W. CUNNINGHAM. 1996. Combining data in phylogenetic analysis. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 4: 152-158.
41. HUGHES, C. E., G. P. LEWIS, A. D. YOMONA, AND C. REYNEL. 2004. Maraniona. A new dalbergioid legume genus (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) from Peru. Systematic Botany 29: 366-374.
42. JACKSON, B. D. 1895. Index kewensis, vol. 2, part 4. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK.
43. KAWAGISHI, M., M. YAMAGISHI, AND A. ISHIHAMA. 1993. Cloning and sequence determination of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rpb2 gene encoding the subunit 2 of RNA polymerase II. Nucleic Acids Research 21: 469-473.
44. KELCHNER, S. A. 2000. The evolution of non-coding chloroplast DNA and its application in plant systematics. Annals of Missouri Botanical Garden 87: 482-498.
45. LEWIS, C. E., AND J. J. DOYLE. 2001. Phylogenetic utility of the nuclear gene malate synthase in the palm family (Arecaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19: 409-420.
46. LEWIS, C. E., AND J. J. DOYLE. 2002. Phylogenetics of tribe Areceae (Arecaceae) using low-copy nuclear genes. Plant Systematics and Evolution 236: 1-17.
47. LEWIS, C. E., AND N. MARTINÉZ. 2000. Identity of the Hyophorbe palms at the Botanical Garden of Cienfuegos, Cuba. Palms 44: 93-97.
48. LOO, A. H. B., J. DRANSFIELD, M. W. CHASE, AND W. J. BAKER. 2006. Low copy nuclear DNA, phylogeny and the evolution of dichogamy in the betel nut palms and their relatives (Arecinae; Arecaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution: in press.
49. MADDISON, D. R., AND W. P. MADDISON. 2003. MacClade, version 4.06. Analysis of phylogeny and character evolution. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusets, USA.
50. MARTELLI, U. 1934. Generi, specie, e varietá nuove di palme gerontogee della tribu Arecaceae lasciate inedite dal Dr. Od. Beccari ed ordinate acura di U. Martelli. Atti Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali residente in Pisa. Memorie 44: 114-176.
51. MARTELLI, U. 1935. La sinonimia delle palme gerontogee della tribu delle Areceae. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano, Nouva Serie 42: 81.
52. MOORE, H. E. JR. 1970. The genus Rhopaloblaste (Palmae). Principes 14: 75-92.
53. MOORE, H. E. JR., R. H. PHILLIPS, AND S. VODONAIVALU. 1982. Additions to the palms of Fiji. Principes 26: 122-125.
54. MORLEY, R. J. 2000. Origin and evolution of tropical rain forest. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
55. MORLEY, R. J. 2001. Tertiary history of the Malesian flora: a palynological perspective. In L. G. Saw, L. S. L. Chua, and K. C. Khoo [eds.], Taxonomy: the cornerstone of biodiversity, 197-210. Proceeding of the Fourth International Flora Malesiana Symposium 1998, The Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Kuala Lumpur.
56. MORT, M. E., AND D. J. CRAWFORD. 2004. The continuing search: low-copy nuclear sequences for lower-level plant molecular phylogenetic studies. Taxon 53: 257-261.
57. MOYLAN, E. C., J. R. BENNET, M. A. CARINE, R. G. OLMSTEAD, AND R. W. SCOTLAND. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among Strobilanthes s. l. (Acanthaceae): evidence from ITS nrDNA, trnL-F, cpDNA, and morphology. American Journal of Botany 91: 724-735.
58. NORUP, M. V. 2005. Alsmithia subsumed in Heterospathe (Arecaceae, Arecoideae). Novon 15: 455-457.
59. NORUP, M. V., W. BAKER, C. LEWIS, A. LOO, AND J. DRANSFIELD. 2003. Phylogenetic and biogeographical studies of the Indo-Pacific clade of tribe Areceae (Palmae), based on two low-copy nuclear genes. Monocots III symposium, 2003, Ontario, California, USA. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Gardens, California, USA (Abstract).
60. OXELMAN, B., AND B. BREMER. 2000. Discovery of paralogous nuclear gene sequences coding for the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) and their phylogenetic utility in Gentianales of the asterids. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 1130-1145.
61. OXELMAN, B., N. YOSHIKAWA, B. L. MCCONAUGHY, J. LUO, A. L. DENTON, AND B. D. HALL. 2004. Rpb2 gene phylogeny in flowering plants, with particular emphasis on asterids. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 462-479.
62. PFEIL, B. E., C. L. BRUBAKER, L. A. CRAVEN, AND M. D. CRISP. 2004. Paralogy and orthology in the Malvaceae rpb2 gene family: investigation of gene duplication in Hibiscus. Molecular Biology and Evolution 21: 1428-143.
63. PINTAUD, J.-C., AND D. R. HODEL. 1998. The palms of New Caledonia. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
64. PLUNKETT, G. M., J. WEN, AND P. P. LOWRY II. 2004. Infrafamilial classifications and characters in Araliaceae: insights from the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL-trnF) sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 245: 1-39.
65. POPP, M., AND B. OXELMAN. 2004. Evolution of a RNA polymerase gene family in Silene (Caryophyllaceae) - incomplete concerted evolution and topological congruence among paralogues. Systematic Biology 53: 914-932
66. REEVES, G., M. W. CHASE, P. GOLDBLATT, P. RUDALL, M. W. FAY, A. V. COX, B. LEJEUNE, AND T. SOUZA-CHIES. 2001. Molecular systematics of Iridaceae: evidence from four plastid DNA regions. American Journal of Botany 88: 2074-2087.
67. RIDDER-NUMAN, J. W. A. 1996. Historical biogeography of the Southeast Asian genus Spatholobus (Legum.-Papilionoideae) and its allies. Blumea Supplement 10: 1-144.
68. RONCAL, J., J. FRANCISCO-ORTEGA, C. B. ASMUSSEN, AND C. E. LEWIS. 2005. Molecular phylogenetics of tribe Geonomeae (Arecaceae) using nuclear DNA sequences of phosphoribulokinase and RNA polymerase II. Systematic Botany 30: 275-283.
69. SALAMIN, N., M. W CHASE, T. R. HODKINSON, AND V. SAVOLAINEN. 2003. Assessing internal support with large phylogenetic DNA matrices. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 27: 528-539.
70. SCHEFFER, R. H. C. C. 1876. Sur quelques palmiers du groupe des Arécinées. Deuxieme parte. Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg 1: 103-164.
71. SHEAHAN, M. C., AND M. W. CHASE. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within Zygophyllaceae based on DNA sequences of three plastid regions, with special emphasis on Zygophylloideae. Systematic Botany 25: 371-384.
72. SMALL, R. L., R. C. CRONN, AND J. F. WENDEL. 2004. Use of nuclear genes for phylogeny reconstruction in plants. Australian Systematic Botany 17: 145-170.
73. STAUFFER, F. W., W. J. BAKER, J. DRANSFIELD, AND P. K. ENDRESS. 2004. Comparative floral structure and systematics of Pelagodoxa and Sommieria (Arecaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 27-39.
74. SWOFFORD, D. L. 2002. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods), version 4. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
75. TAM, S.-M., P. C. BOYCE, T. M. UPSON, D. BARABÉ, A. BRUNEAU, F. FOREST, AND J. S. PARKER. 2004. Intergeneric and infrafamilial phylogeny of subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae) revealed by chloroplast trnL-F sequences. American Journal of Botany 91: 490-498.
76. THOMAS, M. M., N. C. GARWOOD, W. J. BAKER, S. A. HENDERSON, S. J. RUSSELL, D. R. HODEL, AND R. M. BATEMAN. 2006. Molecular phylogeny of the palm genus Chamaedorea, based on the low-copy nuclear genes PRK and RPB2. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
77. TURNER, H. 1995. Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov. (Sapindaceae). Blumea Supplement 9: 1-230.
78. UHL, N. W., AND J. DRANSFIELD. 1987. Genera palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of H. E. Moore Jr. International Palm Society and L. H. Bailey Hortorium. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
79. WEN, J., C. LEE, G. PLUNKETT, AND P. P. LOWRY, II. 2004. Evolution of Araliaceae in Asia: inference from the ITS, ndhF, trnL-F, and molecular data. Sixth International Flora Malesiana Symposium, 2004, Los Baños, Philippines. University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines (Abstract).
80. WIENS, J. J. 1998. Combining data sets with different phylogenetic histories. Systematic Biology 47: 568-581.
81. WILSON, M. A., B. GAUT, AND M. T. CLEGG. 1990. Chloroplast DNA evolve slowly in the palm family (Arecaceae). Molecular Biology and Evolution 7: 303-314.
82. YODER, A. D., J. A. IRWIN, AND B. A. PAYSEUR. 2001. Failure of the ILD to determine data combinability for slow loris phylogeny. Systematic Biology 50: 408-424
83. ZONA, S. 2003. Endosperm condition and the paradox of Ptychococcus paradoxus. Telopea 10: 1-7.