Neoliberalism, environmentalism, and agricultural restructuring in Morocco

Geographical Journal

Volumn 172, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 88-105

  Davis, Diana K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Agricultural development; Environmental narratives; French colonialism; Morocco; Neoliberalism

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; AGRICULTURAL LAND; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENTALISM; LAND DEGRADATION; NEOLIBERALISM;

AFRICA; MOROCCO; NORTH AFRICA;

EID: 33745045435     PISSN: 00167398     EISSN: 14754959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4959.2006.00204.x     Document Type: Review

References (130)

1. Abun-Nasr J 1971 A history of the Maghrib Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
2. Altieri M and Rojas A 1999 Ecological impacts of Chile's neoliberal policies, with special emphasis on agroecosystems Environment, Development and Sustainability 1 55-72
3. Amnesty International 2003a Morocco/Western Sahara (web.amnesty.org/web/ web.nsf/print/mar-summary-eng) accessed 8 April 2004
4. Amnesty International 2003b Morocco/WS: Amnesty International delegates to speak about sharp rise in torture in Morocco (web.amnesty.org/library/ print/ENGMDE290122003) accessed 8 April 2004
5. Anon 2000 Aggravation du taux de pauvretéau Maroc Panafrican News Agency 25 October 2000 (allafrica.com/stories/printable/ 200010250353.html) accessed 26 October 2000
6. Anon 2004 Morocco gets US free trade deal BBC World News 23 July 2004
7. Bakker K J 2003 From public to private to⋯mutual? Restructuring water supply governance in England and Wales Geoforum 34 359-74
8. Bakker K 2005 Neoliberalizing nature? Market environmentalism in water supply in England and Wales Annals of the Association of American Geographers 95 542-65
9. Bassett T J and Zuéli K B 2003 The Ivorian savanna: Global narratives and local knowledge of environmental change in Bassett T J and Crummey D eds African savannas: Global narratives & local knowledges of environmental change James Currey, Oxford 115-36
10. Benabdellah A 1998 The economics of land tenure and agricultural performance in the Mnasra region of Morocco unpublished PhD thesis Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Missouri
11. Bencherifa A 1996 Is sedentarization of pastoral nomads causing desertification? The case of the Beni Guil of Eastern Morocco in Swearingen W and Bencherifa A eds The North African environment at risk Westview Press, Boulder 117-30
12. Bendaanoun M H 1994 La désertification phénomène planetaire cas du Maroc: Causes, impacts et moyens du lutte paper read at Lutte Contre la Désertification, Ouarzazate, Morocco
13. Bidwell R 1973 Morocco under colonial rule: French administration of tribal areas 1912-1956 Frank Cass, London
14. Bouderbala N 1997 La modernisation et la gestion du foncier au Maroc Options Méditerranéennes, Sér. A 29 155-64
15. Brohman J 1996 Popular development Blackwell, Oxford
16. Bryant R and Bailey S 1997 Third World political ecology Routledge, London
17. Burke E 1976 Prelude to protectorate in Morocco: Precolonial protest and resistance, 1860-1912 University of Chicago Press, Chicago
18. Castree N 2005 The epistemology of particulars: Human geography, case studies and 'context' Geoforum 36 541-4
19. Catusse M 2000 Le débat sur les privatisations au Maroc: Un procès exemplaire Monde Arabe Maghreb Machrek January 2000 38-48
20. Cohen S 2003 Alienation and globalization in Morocco: Addressing the social and political impact of market integration Comparative Study of Society and History 45 168-89
21. Coupe J 1997 Courting his majesty: USAID in King Hassan's Morocco Middle East Policy 5 150-69
22. Daoud Z 1990 Privatisations àla marocaine Maghreb-Machrek April-June 84-101
23. Darfaoui E M 1995 Evolution of pastoral systems in the Moroccan pre-Sahara in Powell J ed 1995 international rangeland development symposium proceedings Department of Rangeland Ecology & Watershed Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 59-69
24. Davis D K 2004 Desert 'wastes' of the Maghreb: Desertification narratives in French Colonial environmental history of North Africa Cultural Geographies 11 359-87
25. Davis D K 2005a Indigenous knowledge and the desertification debate: problematising expert knowledge in North Africa Geoforum 36 509-24
26. Davis D K 2005b Potential forests: Degradation narratives, science, and environmental policy in Protectorate Morocco, 1912-1956 Environmental History 10 211-38
27. Davis D K forthcoming Resurrecting the granary of Rome: Environmental history and French colonial expansion in North Africa Ohio University Press, Athens
28. Day A 2004 Morocco: Economy in The Middle East and North Africa 2004 Europa Publications Ltd, London 841-60
29. de Haan C 1994 An overview of the World Bank's involvement in pastoral development Pastoral Development Network Paper #36b Overseas Development Institute, London
30. Delannoy H 1969 Le 'code des investissements agricoles' nouveau cadre législatif de la transformation des campagnes marocains Revue de Géographie du Maroc 16 151-7
31. Denoeux G P and Maghraoui A 1998 The political economy of structural adjustment in Morocco in Layachi A ed Economic crisis and political change in North Africa Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT 55-87
32. Dillman B 2001 Facing the market in North Africa The Middle East Journal 55 198-215
33. Dunn R E 1977 Resistance in the desert: Moroccan responses to French imperialism, 1881-1912 Croom Helm, London
34. EIU 1999 Morocco: Country profile, 1999-2000 Economist Intelligence Unit, London
35. EIU 2003 Morocco: Country profile, 2003 Economist Intelligence Unit, London
36. EIU 2005 Morocco: Country profile, 2005 Economist Intelligence Unit, London
37. El Asri N 1999 Agriculture: Les temps modernes du monde rural arrivent Le Matin du Sahara et du Maghreb 17 January 1999 (lematin.press.ma/ lejournal/1999/01/17/eco1.htm) accessed 13 October 2000
38. El Gharbaoui A 1985 Amélioration des terrains de parcours Hommes, Terre et Eaux 16 59-64
39. El Harizi K 1998 Morocco case study: Blending old with new institutions - an innovative approach to sustainable range land development and management in a traditional society World Bank, Washington, DC
40. El Khyari T 1987 Agriculture au Maroc Editions OKAD, Mohammedia, Morocco
41. Fairhead J and Leach M 1996 Misreading the African landscape: Society and ecology in a forest-savanna mosaic Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
42. Fairhead J and Leach M 1998 Reframing deforestation: Global analyses and local realities: Studies in West Africa Routledge, London
43. Faouzi M 2002 Formation continue au profit du personnel communal Le Matin du Sahara et du Maghreb 11 August 2002 (http://www.lematin.press.ma/journal/printarticle.asp?tb= article20027ID=15651) accessed 17 July 2003
44. Food First 2002 Negative impacts of World Bank policies News and Views Spring 2002 1-4
45. Goldman M 2001 Constructing an environmental state: Eco-governmentality and other practices of a 'green' World Bank Social Problems 48 499-523
46. Gow D, Burzlaff D, Duggan W and Martin R 1985a Opportunities for AID in the extensive livestock sector of Morocco: Executive summary Development Alternatives, Inc., Washington DC.
47. Gow D, Burzlaff D, Duggan W and Martin R 1985b The range management improvement project in Morocco: An evaluation Development Alternatives, Inc., Washington DC.
48. Habib A 1982 Lutte contre l'ensablement des palmeraies dans le Sud Marocain FAO/UNDP, Rome
49. Hardin G 1968 The tragedy of the commons Science 162 1243-8
50. Hardin G 1974 Living on a lifeboat Bioscience 24
51. Harvey D 2003 The 'new' imperialism: Accumulation by dispossession The Socialist Register 2004 63-87
52. Heynen N and Robbins P 2005 The neoliberalization of nature: Governance, privatization, enclosure and valuation Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 16 5-8
53. Hyatt S B 2001 From citizen to volunteer: Neoliberal governance and the erasure of poverty in Good J and Maskovsky J eds The new poverty studies New York University Press, New York 201-35
54. Jessop B 2002 Liberalism, neoliberalism, and urban governance: A state-theoretical perspective Antipode 34 452-72
55. Korachi M T B 1995 Aperçu général sur la lutte contre la désertification au Maroc Hommes, Terre & Eaux: Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires 25 27-35
56. Larner W 2003 Neoliberalism? Environment and Planning D: Society & Space 21 509-12
57. Leach M and Mearns R eds 1996 The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment The International African Institute, London
58. Logan B I and Tevera D 2001 Neoliberalism, regime survival, and the environment: Economic reform and agricultural transformation in Zimbabwe in the 1990's Canadian Journal of African Studies 35 99-139
59. MADR 2000 Colloque national de l'agriculture et du développement rural Ministère de l'Agriculture et du Développement Rural, Rabat, Morocco
60. Maghraoui A 2001 Political authority in crisis: Mohammed VI's Morocco Middle East Report 31 12-17
61. Maghraoui A 2002 Depoliticization in Morocco Journal of Democracy 13 24-32
62. Maghraoui A 2003 Morocco's reforms after the Casablanca bombings Arab Reform Bulletin 1 8-9
63. MAMVA 1996 Bilan de la campagne agricole 1995/1996 Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Mise en Valeur Agricole (MAMVA), Rabat, Morocco
64. Mansfield B 2004 Rules of privatization: Contradictions in neoliberal regulation of North Pacific fisheries Annals of the Association of American Geographers 94 565-84
65. Maroc 1995 Dahir no. 1-95-10 du ramadan 1415 (22 fevrier 1995) portant promulgation de la loi no. 33-94 relative aux périmètres de mise en valeur en bour in Bulletin Officiel du Royaume du Maroc Rabat, Morocco 391-7
66. Maroc 1998 Note d'orientation pour la préparation du plan quinquennal 1999-2003 Ministère de la Prévision Économique et du Plan, Rabat, Morocco
67. Maroc 2000 Le plan de developpement economique et social 2000-2004 Ministère de la Prevision Econommique et du Plan, Rabat, Morocco
68. Maroc 2001a Annuaire statistique du Maroc Direction de la Statistique, Rabat
69. Maroc 2001b Programme d'action national de lutte contre la desertification Ministère de l'Agriculture, du Developpement Rural et des Eaux et Forêts, Rabat, Morocco
70. Maroc 2001c Rapport sur l'état de l'environnement du Maroc Secrétariat d'Etat Chargéde l'Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
71. McAfee K 1999 Selling nature to save it? Biodiversity and green developmentalism Society and Space 17 133-54
72. McCarthy J and Prudham S 2004 Neoliberal nature and the nature of neoliberalism Geoforum 35 275-83
73. McCay B J and Acheson J A eds 1987 The question of the commons: The culture and ecology of communal resources The University of Arizona Press, Tucson
74. Michmerhuizen J S 1999 Salinity effects on Argan (Argania spinosia (L) Skeels) germination and juvenile growth unpublished MS thesis Department of Forestry, Michigan State University
75. Miller J 1996 Sustained past and risky present: The Tafilalt oasis of Southeastern Morocco in Swearingen W and Bencherifa A eds The North African environment at risk Westview Press, Boulder 55-69
76. Moez J 1996 La sédentarisation des nomades dans les steppes arides Unpublished Ingénieur d'État thesis Department of Agronomy, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II
77. Moore P W 2003 The newest Jordan: Free trade, peace and an ace in the hole Middle East Report Online June 2003 (http://www.merip.org/mero/ mero062603.html) accessed 23 March 2004
78. Msika B 1997 Projet de développement de l'élevage et des parcours de l'Oriental FIDA and Royaume du Maroc, Rome
79. Nathan Associates 2003 Assessment of Morocco's technical assistance needs in negotiating and implementing a free trade agreement with the United States Nathan Associates Inc., Arlington, VA
80. Neumann R.P. 1998 Imposing wilderness: Struggles over livelihood and nature preservation in Africa University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles
81. ORMVAO 1983 Évaluation des phénomènes de désertification dans la province de Ouarzazate Office Régional de Mise in Valeur Agricole, Ouarzazate (ORMVAO), Ouarzazate, Morocco
82. ORMVAO 1990 Strategie de développement des terrains de parcours dans la zone d'action de l'ORVMA de Ouarzazate Office Régional de Mise in Valeur Agricole, Ouarzazate (ORMVAO), Ouarzazate, Morocco
83. ORMVAO 1992 Projet de développement pastoral des terrains de parcours de Ouarzazate Office Régional de Mise in Valeur Agricole, Ouarzazate (ORMVAO), Ouarzazate, Morocco
84. ORMVAO 1993 Projet pilote de mise en valeur des terrains de parcours de la région de Ouarzazate Office Régional de Mise in Valeur Agricole, Ouarzazate (ORMVAO), Ouarzazate, Morocco
85. Payne R 1986 Food deficits and political legitimacy: The case of Morocco in Commins S Lofchie M and Payne R eds Africa's agrarian crisis: Roots of famine Lynne Reinner, Boulder, CO 153-72
86. Peck J and Tickell A 2002 Neoliberalizing space Antipode 34 380-404
87. Peet R 1999 Theories of development Guilford, New York
88. Peet R and Watts M eds 1996 Liberation ecologies: Environment, development, social movements Routledge, New York
89. Peet R and Watts M eds 2004 Liberation ecologies 2nd ed Routledge, New York
90. Peluso N 1992 The political ecology of extraction and extractive reserves in East Kalimantan, Indonesia Development and Change 23 49-74
91. Pennell C R 2000 Morocco since 1830: A history New York University Press, New York
92. Perreault T 2005 State restructuring and the scale politics of rural water governance in Bolivia Environment and Planning A 37 263-84
93. Pfeifer K 1999 How Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan and even Egypt became IMF 'success stories' in the 1990s Middle East Report Spring 1999 23-7
94. PROLUDRA 1997 Atelier d'information sur la désertification et sur les activités du PROLUDRA Projet de Lutte contre la Désertification dans la Vallée du Dra (PROLUDRA), Zagora, Morocco
95. Prudham S 2004 Poisoning the well: Neoliberalism and the contamination of municipal water in Walkerton, Ontaria Geoforum 35 343-60
96. Rapley J 2004 Globalization and inequality: Neoliberalism's downward spiral Lynn Rienner, Boulder, CO
97. Robbins P 2004 Political ecology: A critical introduction Blackwell Publishing, Oxford
98. Rodrigues M G 2003 Privatization and socioenvironmental conditions in Brazil's Amazonia: Political challenges to neoliberal principles Journal of Environment & Development 12 205-38
99. Schroeder R 1999 Shady practices: Agroforestry and gender politics in the Gambia University of California Press, Berkeley
100. Shelby D 2004 U.S. and Morocco conclude free trade agreement: Parties see agreement as a building block in regional free trade area Washington File US Department of State, Washington DC (usinfo.state.gov) accessed 22 March 2004
101. Slyomovics S 2001 A truth commission for Morocco Middle East Report 31 18-21
102. Slyomovics S 2003 No buying off the past: Moroccan indemnities and the opposition Middle East Report 33 34-7
103. Steinmann S H 2001 Gender, pastoralism and intensification: Changing patterns of resource management in eastern Morocco unpublished PhD thesis Department of Geography, Clark University
104. Swearingen W D 1987 Moroccan mirages: Agrarian dreams and deceptions, 1912-1986 Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
105. Swearingen W D 1996 Agricultural reform in North Africa: Economic necessity and environmental dilemmas in Vandewalle D ed North Africa: development and reform in a changing economy St Martin's Press, New York 67-92
106. Swearingen W D and Bencherifa A eds 1996 The North African environment at risk Westview Press, Boulder, CO
107. Swift J 1996 Desertification: Narratives, winners & losers in Leach M and Mearns R eds The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment The International African Institute, London 73-90
108. Swyngedouw E 2005 Dispossing H2O: The contested terrain of water privatization Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 16 81-98
109. Thiault M 1994 Essai d'analyse de la situation des parcours de Fezouata PROLUDRA/ORMVAO, Ouarzazate, Morocco
110. Thompson E P 1993 Customs in common The New Press, New York
111. Turner M D 2003 Methodological reflections on the use of remote sensing and geographic information science in human ecological research Human Ecology 31 255-79
112. UNDP 2005 Human development report 2005 Oxford University Press, New York
113. USAID MARA and USU 1986 Final report: Activities, findings and conclusions of the range management improvement project 608-0145, Morocco Range Science Department Utah State University (USU), Logan, UT
114. USTR 2004 Statement of U.S. trade representative Robert Zoellick following House approval of Morocco free trade agreement Office of the United States Trade Representative, Washington, DC
115. Van Buu E 1997 Chronique juridique Marocaine Annuaire de l'Afrique du Nord, 1995 Tome XXXIV 687-700
116. Waibel T, Bourhili A, Miguil A and Hammoudou M 1993 Étude des aménagements sylvo-pastoraux PROLUDRA/ORMVAO, Ouarzazate, Morocco
117. Watts M 2000 Neo-liberalism in Johnston R J, Gregory D, Pratt G and Watts M eds The dictionary of human geography Blackwell Publishers, Oxford 547-8
118. Williams R 1973 The country and the city Chatto and Windus, London
119. World Bank 1987 World development report Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford
120. World Bank 1994a Kingdom of Morocco: Poverty, adjustment, & growth World Bank, Washington, DC.
121. World Bank 1994b Kingdom of Morocco: Second agricultural sector investment loan World Bank, Washington, DC
122. World Bank 1995 Kingdom of Morocco: Water sector review World Bank, Washington, DC
123. World Bank 1997 Kingdom of Morocco country assistance review The World Bank, Washington, DC
124. World Bank 2001 The Kingdom of Morocco country assistance strategy, public information notice World Bank, Washington, DC
125. World Bank 2003a Morocco at a glance World Bank, Washington, DC (http://www.WorldBank.org/data) accessed 29 March 2004
126. World Bank 2003b Project appraisal document on a proposed loan to the kingdom of Morocco for the rainfed agriculture development project World Bank, Washington, DC
127. World Bank 2004 Kingdom of Morocco poverty report World Bank, Washington, DC
128. World Bank 2005a Country assistance strategy for the Kingdom of Morocco World Bank, Washington. DC
129. World Bank 2005b Morocco at a glance World Bank, Washington, DC (http://www.WorldBank.org/data) accessed 25 January 2006
130. World Bank 2005c World development indicators World Bank, Washington, DC