Forgetting democratization? Recasting power and authority in a plural Muslim world

Democratization

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 363-372

  Volpi, Frédéric ^a   Cavatorta, Francesco ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

^b DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY   (Ireland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33744925940     PISSN: 13510347     EISSN: 1743890X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13510340600579227     Document Type: Editorial

References (28)

1. See, for instance, Frédéric Volpi, Islam and Democracy: The Failure of Dialogue in Algeria (London: Pluto Press, 2003);
2. Lisa Anderson, 'Political Pacts, Liberalism and Democracy: The Tunisian National Pact of 1988', Government and Opposition, Vol. 26, No. 2 (1991), pp. 244-60.
3. See Adrian Karatnycky, 'Muslim Countries and the Democracy Gap', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 13, No. 1 (2002), pp. 99-112.
4. For a brief overview of these analyses, see Eva Bellin, 'The Robustness of Authoritarianism in the Middle East', Comparative Politics, Vol. 36, No. 2 (2004), pp. 139-57.
5. For a more a more optimistic take on this topic see, Vali Nasr, 'The Rise of Muslim Democracy', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 16, No. 2 (2005), pp. 13-27.
6. This mode of thinking was particularly common during the colonial period, and even sophisticated political thinkers from Marx to Weber contributed to some extent to marking the Muslim world as being exceptional vis-à-vis historical change (or the lack of it). See, for instance, Bryan Turner, Weber and Islam (London: Routledge 1998)
7. and by the same author, Marx and the End of Orientalism (London: Allen and Unwin, 1978).
8. See, most notably, Samuel Huntington, 'The Clash of Civilizations?', Foreign Affairs, Vol. 72, No. 3 (1993), pp. 22-49;
9. Bernard Lewis, 'The Revolt of Islam', The New Yorker, 19 November 2001, pp. 50-63;
10. and more recently, Sanford Lakoff, 'The Reality of Muslim Exceptionalism', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 15, No. 4 (2004), pp. 133-9.
11. For a critique of Huntington's work in terms of self-fulfilling prophecy, see John Ikenberry, 'The West: Precious, Not Unique', Foreign Affairs, Vol. 76. No. 2 (March/April 1997), pp. 162-3.
12. Daniel Brumberg, 'Islamists and the Politics of Consensus', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 13, No. 3 (2002), p. 112.
13. See Frédéric Volpi, 'Pseudo-democracy in the Muslim World', Third World Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 4 (2004), pp. 1061-78.
14. See Guillermo O'Donnell and Phillipe Schmitter's 'Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies', in G. O'Donnell, P. Schmitter and L. Whitehead (eds), Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Prospects for Democracy (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986), pp. 3-78.
15. Carsten Schneider and Philippe Schmitter, 'Liberalization, Transition and Consolidation: Measuring the Components of Democratization', Democratization, Vol. 11, No. 5 (2004), p. 77.
16. See Ellen Lust-Okar, Structuring Conflict in the Arab World: Incumbents, Opponents, and Institutions (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005);
17. I. William Zartman, 'Opposition as Support of the State', in Adeed Dawisha and I. William Zartman (eds), Beyond Coercion: The Durability of the Arab State (London: Croom Helm, 1988), pp. 61-87.
18. David Collier and Steven Levitsky's 'Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research', World Politics, Vol. 49, No. 3 (1997), pp. 430-51;
19. Larry Diamond, 'Thinking about Hybrid Regimes', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 13, No. 2 (2002), pp. 21-35;
20. Daniel Brumberg, 'The Trap of Liberalized Autocracy', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 13, No. 4 (2002), pp. 46-68;
21. Volpi (note 8).
22. See Raymond Hinnebusch, 'Liberalization without Democratisation in "Post-populist" Authoritarian States', in Nils Butenshon, Uri Davis and Manuel Hassassian, Citizenship and State in the Middle East (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000), pp. 123-45;
23. Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way, 'The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism', Journal of Democracy, Vol. 13, No. 2 (2002), pp. 51-65;
24. Holger Albrecht and Oliver Schlumberger, 'Waiting for Godot': Regime Change Without Democratization in the Middle East', International Political Science Review, Vol. 25, No. 4 (2004), pp. 371-92.
25. For a reminder of what the situation looked like over ten years ago, see the contributors to Ghassan Salamé (ed.), Democracy without Democrats (London: I.B. Tauris, 1994).
26. Francesco Cavatorta, 'The Failed Liberalization of Algeria and the International Context: A Legacy of Stable Authoritarianism', Journal of North African Studies, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2002), pp. 23-43.
27. About the detrimental effects of the Euro-Mediterranean partnership, see Richard Gillespie and Lawrence Whitehead, 'European Democratic Promotion in North Africa: Limits and Prospects', in R. Gillespie and R. Youngs (eds), The European Union and Democracy Promotion: The Case of North Africa (London: Frank Cass, 2002);
28. Frédéric Volpi, 'Regional Community Building and the Transformation of International Relations: The Case of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership', Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2004), pp. 145-64.