The failed liberalisation of Algeria and the international context: A legacy of stable authoritarianism

Journal of North African Studies

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 23-43

  Cavatorta, Francesco ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTHORITARIANISM; DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION; LIBERALIZATION; WESTERN WORLD;

ALGERIA;

EID: 0036925120     PISSN: 13629387     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13629380208718481     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. G. Pridham, 'Democratic Transition and the International Environment' in G. Pridham (ed.), Transitions to Democracy (Dartmouth: Aldershot 1995) p.445.
2. R. Sakwa, 'Introduction. The Democratic Experience' in R. Sakwa (ed.), The Experience of Democratisation in Eastern Europe (London: Macmillan Press 1999) p.3.
3. Y. Zoubir and Y. Bouandel, 'Islamism and the Algerian Political Crisis: International Responses', Cambridge Review of International Affairs 11/2 (Spring 1998) pp.117-33;
4. C. Spencer, 'Algeria: a New European Approach?' published online: http://www.waac.org/ rep98/aneweuropeanapproach.htm.
5. P. Rich, 'The Algerian Crisis and the Failure of International Mediation', Cambridge Review of International Affairs 11/2 (Spring 1998) pp.134-51.
6. H. Roberts, 'Algeria's Ruinous Impasse and the Honourable Way Out', International Affairs 71/2 (1995) pp.247-67.
7. H. Roberts, 'The International Gallery and the Extravasation [???] of Factional Conflict in Algeria', Cambridge Review of International Affairs 12/1 (Summer/Fall 1998) pp.209-46.
8. G. Pridham, The Dynamics of Democratisation (London: Continuum 2000) pp.285-314.
9. S. Huntington, The Third Wave. Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press 1991).
10. L. Whitehead, 'Three International Dimensions of Democratization' in L. Whitehead (ed.), The International Dimensions of Democratization (New York: OUP 1996) pp.3-25.
11. G. Hidouci, L'Algérie: la libération inachevée (Paris: La Découverte 1995).
12. J. Pilger, Hidden Agendas (London: Vintage 1998) p.8.
13. F. Cavatorta, 'Geopolitical Challenges to the Success of Democracy in North Africa: Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco', Democratization 8/4 (Winter 2001) pp.175-94.
14. J.D. Barkan, 'Can Established Democracies Nurture Democracies Abroad? Lessons from Africa' in Alexis Hadenius (ed.), Democracy's Victory and Crisis (Cambridge: CUP 1997) p.388.
15. E. Shirley, 'Is Iran's Present Algeria's Future?', Foreign Affairs 74/3 (May-June 1995) pp.28-44;
16. B. Lewis, 'The Roots of Muslim Rage', The Atlantic Monthly 266/3, pp.47-60;
17. B. Lewis, 'The Revolt of Islam', The New Yorker (19 Nov. 2001) pp.50-63.
18. M. Salah Tahi explains how the Army intervened to break the democratic constitution in order to defend its interests/privileges. M. Salah Tahi, 'Algeria's Democratisation Process: a Frustrated Hope', Third World Quarterly 16/2 (1995) pp.197-220.
19. J. Esposito, The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality (New York: OUP 1999).
20. W. Quandt, Between Ballots and Bullets. Algeria's Transition from Authoritarianism (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press 1998) p.120.
21. R. Mortimer, 'Islam and Multiparty Politics in Algeria', The Middle East Journal 45/4 (Autumn 1991) p.590.
22. I. Khennas and M. Mekideche, 'Les hydrocarbures en Algérie: politiques internes et rapport avec le marché mondial' in M. Verlet (ed.), Coopérer avec l'Algérie: convergences et solidarités (Paris: Publisud 1995) p.56.
23. J. Entelis and L. Arone, 'Algeria in Turmoil: Islam, Democracy, and the State', Middle East Policy 1/2 (1992) pp.24-6.
24. Y. Gazzo, 'Les économies arabes face à la crise', Maghreb-Machrek No. 120 (Avril-Juin 1988) pp.58-67;
25. J. P. Sereni, L'Algérie, le FMI et le FIS', Les Cahiers de l'Orient, 25-26 (Prémier et Deuxiéme Trimestre, 1992);
26. A. Lamchichi, Le Maghreb face à l'Islamisme (Paris: L'Harmattan 1997).
27. P.M. de La Gorce, 'L'Algérie et les grandes puissances', Recherches Internationales 43-44 (Hiver-Printemps 1996) pp.21-41.
28. A. Pierre and W. Quandt, The Algerian Crisis: Policy Options for the West (Washington DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1996) p.65.
29. N. Grimaud, 'Prolongements externes des elections Algériennes', Les Cahiers de l'Orient 23 (Troisieme Trimestre 1991) pp.30-32.
30. S. Labat, Les Islamistes Algériens. Entre les urnes et les maquis (Paris: Editions du Seuil 1995) p.109;
31. R. Leveau, 'Algérie. Les pièges de l'aide internationale', Politique Internationale 24 (1994) p.184
32. R. Leveau, 'Crise des états et transitions incertaines' in R. Benhaim, Y. Courbage and R. Leveau (eds.), Le maghreb en suspens (Paris: Les Cahiers du CERI, No. 8, 1994) p.49.
33. R. Leveau, 'Des crises à la guerre' in R. Leveau (ed.), L'Algérie dans la guerre (Bruxelles: Editions Complexe 1995) pp.20-21.
34. P.M. de La Gorce, ;La Déchirure', Jeune Afrique, No. 1572 (13/19 Fevrier 1991) pp.32-5.
35. J.-F. Daguzan, ;Les rapports franco-algériens, 1962-1992. Reconciliation ou conciliation permanente?', Politique Étrangère, No. 4, (Hiver 1993-94) pp.885-96.
36. F. Soudan, 'Mitterand contre les islamistes', Jeune Afrique, No. 1594 (17-23 Juillet 1991) pp.16-20.
37. M. Faure, 'Washington-Islamistes. Liasons dangereuses', L'Express, 20 Sept. 2001, pp.88-94.
38. P. Devoluy and M. Duteil, La poudrière Algérienne (Paris: Calmann-Levy 1994) p.123.
39. R. Mortimer, 'Les États Unis face à la situation algérienne', Maghreb-Machrek No. 149 (Juillet-Sept. 1995) p.4.
40. L. Hamilton, 'A Democrat Looks at Foreign Policy', Foreign Affairs 71/3 (Summer 1992) pp.32-51.
41. A. Moussali, 'Introduction' in A. Moussali (ed.), Islamic Fundamentalism. Myths and Realities (Reading: Ithaca Press 1998) p.7.
42. L. Spector, 'Nuclear Proliferation in the Middle East', Orbis (Spring 1992) p.191.
43. A. Charef, Algérie. Le grand dérapage (France: Editions de l'Aube 1994) p.99.
44. R. Aliboni, 'The Islamic Factor in International Economic Cooperation' in L. Guazzone (ed.), The Islamist Dilemma. The Political role of Islamist Movements in the Contemporary Arab World (Reading: Ithaca Press 1995) p.297.
45. M. Yacoubian, Algeria's Struggle for Democracy (New York: Council on Foreign Relations 1997) p.18.
46. J. Phillips, 'The Rising Threat of Revolutionary Islam In Algeria', Backgrounder, Washington DC, The Heritage Foundation (Nov. 1995) pp.9-10.
47. H. Roberts, 'Doctrinaire Economics and Political Opportunism in the Strategy of Algerian Islamism' in J. Reudy (ed.), Islamic and Secularism in North Africa (New York: St Martin's Press 1994) p.128.
48. Y. Zoubir, 'State, Civil Society and the Question of Radical Fundamentalism in Algeria' in A. Moussali (ed.), Islamic Fundamentalism Islamic Fundamentalism. Myths and Realities (Reading, Ithaca Press 1998).
49. M. Stone, The Agony of Algeria (London: Hurst & Co 1997) p.241.
50. La Jeune Afrique, No. 1525 (26 Mars-2 Avril 1990) p.11.
51. E. Eldin Shahin, Political Ascent. Contemporary Islamic Movements in North Africa (Boulder, CO: Westview Press 1997) p.145.
52. L. Provost, La Seconde Guerre d'Algérie: le quiproquo franco-algérien (France: Flammarion 1996) p.101.
53. C. Spencer, 'Islamism and European Reactions: The Case of Algeria' in R. Gillespie (ed.), Mediterranean Politics Vol. 2 (London: Pinter 1996) p.131.
54. H. Souaidia, La sale guerre, (Paris: La Découverte 2000) p.192.
55. L. Provost, 'Paris et Alger entre brouilles et complicités', Le Monde Diplomatique (Sept. 1996) pp.4-5.
56. J. Climent, Algeria. The Fundamentalist Challenge, (New York: Facts on File 1997)
57. L. Martinez, La guerre civile en Algérie (Paris: Karthala 1998) pp.276-88.
58. M. Allam, 'Algeri, fuga dei candidati l'elezione diventa una farsa', La Repubblica, 15 April 1999.