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Definite structural proof could not be obtained yet, as structure elucidation of aggregates in solution is intrinsically difficult. A more quantitative interpretation of the observed aggregation phenomena in solution has so far been hampered by our inability to determine extinction coefficients of the pure aggregates and their respective aggregation numbers.
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Initial work on preparing thin films by drop casting organic solutions of squaraine 1 on quartz glass resulted in films that, after annealing (i.e., heating), displayed spectra that qualitatively reflect the aggregation behavior in aqueous solution displaying blue- and red-shifted aggregate bands. Interestingly, the fine structure of the red-shifted aggregate was much more developed.
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