The adaptive remodeling of condylar cartilage - A transition from chondrogenesis to osteogenesis

Journal of Dental Research

Volumn 84, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 691-699

  Shen, G ^a   Darendeliler, M Ali ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Chondrocyte phenotype; Condylar cartilage; Endochondral ossification; Growth factor

Indexed keywords

GROWTH PROMOTOR;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; ARTICULAR CARTILAGE; BONE DEVELOPMENT; CARTILAGE CELL; CHONDROGENESIS; CYTOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HUMAN; MANDIBLE CONDYLE; MESODERM; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR; CHONDROCYTES; CHONDROGENESIS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; GROWTH SUBSTANCES; HUMANS; MANDIBULAR CONDYLE; MESODERM; OSTEOGENESIS;

EID: 33646010464     PISSN: 00220345     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400802     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Akiyama H, Lyons JP, Mori-Akiyama Y, Yang X, Zhang R, Zhang Z, et al. (2004). Interactions between Sox9 and beta-catenin control chondrocyte differentiation. Genes Dev 18:1072-1087.
2. Alvarez J, Sohn P, Zeng X, Doetschman T, Robbins DJ, Serra R (2002). TGFbeta2 mediates the effects of hedgehog on hypertrophic differentiation and PTHrP expression. Development 129:1913-1924.
3. Amizuka N, Henderson JE, White JH, Karaplis AC, Goltzman D, Sasaki T, et al. (2000). Recent studies on the biological action of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptide (PTHrP) and PTH/PTHrP receptor in cartilage and bone. Histol Histopathol 15:957-970.
4. Bergman RA, Afifi AK, Heidger PM (1996). Histology. Philadelphia: Saunders.
5. Bonen DK, Schmid TM (1991). Elevated extracellular calcium concentrations induce type X collagen synthesis in chondrocyte cultures. J Cell Biol 115:1171-1178.
6. Bruckner P, Horler I, Mendler M, Houze Y, Winterhalter KH, Eich-Bender SG, et al. (1989). Induction and prevention of chondrocyte hypertrophy in culture. J Cell Biol 109:2537-2545.
7. Cancedda R, Castagnola P, Cancedda FD, Dozin B, Quarto R (2000). Developmental control of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Int J Dev Biol 44:707-714.
8. Carlevaro MF, Cermelli S, Cancedda R, Descalzi Cancedda F (2000). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cartilage neovascularization and chondrocyte differentiation: auto-paracrine role during endochondral bone formation. J Cell Sci 113:59-69.
9. Castagnola P, Torella G, Cancedda R (1987). Type X collagen synthesis by cultured chondrocytes derived from the permanent cartilaginous region of chick embryo sternum. Dev Biol 123:332-337.
10. Chayanupatkul A, Rabie AB, Hägg U (2003). Temporomandibular response to early and late removal of bite-jumping devices. Eur J Orthod 25:465-470.
11. Cheung LM (1992). Light and electron microscopic study of the mandibular joint in the rat (Master's dissertation). Hong Kong: The Univ. of Hong Kong.
12. Church V, Nohno T, Linker C, Marcelle C, Francis-West P (2002). Wnt regulation of chondrocyte differentiation. J Cell Sci 115:4809-4818.
13. Coqueret O (2002). Linking cyclins to transcriptional control. Gene 299:35-55.
14. de Crombrugghe B, Lefebvre V, Behringer RR, Bi W, Murakami S, Huang W (2000). Transcriptional mechanisms of chondrocyte differentiation. Matrix Biol 19:389-394.
15. Delatte M, Von den Hoff JW, van Rheden RE, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2004). Primary and secondary cartilages of the neonatal rat: the femoral head and the mandibular condyle. Eur J Oral Sci 112:156-162.
16. Dibbets JMH (1990). Introduction to the temporomandibular joint. In: Facial growth. Enlow DH, editor. Philadelphia: Saunders, pp. 149-163.
17. Enlow DH (1992). The condyle and facial growth. In: The temporomandibular joint: a biological basis for clinical practice. Sarnat BG, Laskin DM, editors. Philadelphia: Saunders, pp. 48-59.
18. Enomoto H, Furuichi T, Zanma A, Yamana K, Yoshida C, Sumitani S, et al. (2004). Runx2 deficiency in chondrocytes causes adipogenic changes in vitro. J Cell Sci 117:417-425.
19. Fawcett DW, editor (1997). Concise histology. New York: Chapman and Hall.
20. Fischer L, Boland G, Tuan RS (2002). Wnt signaling during BMP-2 stimulation of mesenchymal chondrogenesis. J Cell Biochem 84:816-831.
21. Fuentes MA, Opperman LA, Buschang P, Bellinger LL, Carlson DS, Hinton RJ (2003). Lateral functional shift of the mandible: Part II. Effects on gene expression in condylar cartilage. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 123:160-166.
22. Fukada K, Shibata S, Suzuki S, Ohya K, Kuroda T (1999). In situ hybridisation study of type I, II, X collagens and aggrecan mRNas in the developing condylar cartilage of fetal mouse mandible. J Anat 195:321-329.
23. Garant PR (2003). Oral cells and tissues. Chicago, IL: Quintessence.
24. Gartner LP, Hiatt JL, editors (1997). Color textbook of histology. Philadelphia: Saunders.
25. Hajjar D, Santos MF, Kimura ET (2003). Propulsive appliance stimulates the synthesis of insulin-like growth factors I and II in the mandibular condylar cartilage of young rats. Arch Oral Biol 48:635-642.
26. Hartmann C, Tabin CJ (2000). Dual roles of Wnt signaling during chondrogenesis in the chicken limb. Development 127:3141-3159.
27. Hiraki Y, Shukunami C, Iyama K, Mizuta H (2001). Differentiation of chondrogenic precursor cells during the regeneration of articular cartilage (2001). Osteoarthr Cart 9(Suppl A):S102-S108.
28. Hwang SG, Ryu JH, Kim IC, Jho EH, Jung HC, Kim K, et al. (2004). Wnt-7a causes loss of differentiated phenotype and inhibits apoptosis of articular chondrocytes via different mechanisms. J Biol Chem 279:26597-26604.
29. Inada M, Yasui T, Nomura S, Miyake S, Deguchi K, Himeno M, et al. (1999). Maturational disturbance of chondrocytes in Cbfa1-deficient mice. Dev Dyn 214:279-290.
30. Inoue H, Nebgen D, Veis A (1995). Changes in phenotypic gene expression in rat mandibular condylar cartilage cells during long-term culture. J Bone Miner Res 10:1691 -1697.
31. Inoue H, Hiraki Y, Nawa T, Ishizeki K (2002). Phenotypic switching of in vitro mandibular condylar cartilage during matrix mineralization. Anat Sci Int 77:237-246.
32. Itoh K, Suzuki S, Kuroda T (2003). Effects of local administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 on mandibular condylar growth in rats. J Med Dent Sci 50:79-85.
33. Kajikawa A, Hirabayashi S, Harii K (2003). An experimental study on the growth of condylar cartilage, using a new vascularized mandible heterotopic transplant model. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 61:239-245.
34. Kantomaa T, Hall BK (1988). Mechanism of adaptation in the mandibular condyle of the mouse. An organ culture study. Acta Anat (Basel) 132:114-119.
35. ++ in mandibular condylar growth and adaptation. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 99:418-426.
36. Kantomaa T, Ronning O (1997). Growth mechanisms of the mandible. In: Fundamentals of craniofacial growth. Dixon AD, Hoyte DA, Ronning O, editors. New York: CRC Press, pp. 189-204.
37. Koski K (1981). Mechanisms of craniofacial skeletal growth. In: Orthodontics, the state of the art. Barrer HG, editor. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 209-222.
38. Lefebvre V, Behringer RR, de Crombrugghe B (2001). L-Sox5, Sox6 and Sox9 control essential steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway. Osteoarthr Cart 9(Suppl A):S69-S75.
39. Leung FY, Rabie AB, Hägg U (2004). Neovascularization and bone formation in the condyle during stepwise mandibular advancement. Eur J Orthod 26:137-141.
40. Luder HU (1994). Perichondrial and endochondral components of mandibular condylar growth: morphometric and autoradiographic quantitation in rats. J Anat 185:587-598.
41. Luder HU, Leblond CP, von der Mark K (1988). Cellular stages in cartilage formation as revealed by morphometry, radioautography and type II collagen immunostaining of the mandibular condyle from weanling rats. Am J Anat 182:197-214.
42. Meikle CM (2002). Craniofacial development, growth and evolution. Norfolk, VA: Bateson.
43. Merida-Velasco JR, Rodriguez-Vazquez JF, Merida-Velasco JA, Sanchez-Montesinos I, Espin-Ferra J, Jimenez-Collado J (1999). Development of the human temporomandibular joint. Anat Rec 255:20-33.
44. Nakano H, Watahiki J, Kubota M, Maki K, Shibasaki Y, Hatcher D, et al. (2003). Micro x-ray computed tomography analysis for the evaluation of asymmetrical condylar growth in the rat. Orthod Craniofac Res 6(Suppl 1):168-172; discussion 179-182.
45. Ogawa T, Shimokawa H, Fukada K, Suzuki S, Shibata S, Ohya K, et al. (2003). Localization and inhibitory effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on chondrogenesis in cultured mouse mandibular condyle. J Bone Miner Metab 21:145-153.
46. Otto WR, Rao J (2004). Tomorrow's skeleton staff: mesenchymal stem cells and the repair of bone and cartilage. Cell Prolif 37:97-110.
47. Rabie AB, Hägg U (2002). Factors regulating mandibular condylar growth. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 122:401-409.
48. Rabie AMB, Shen G, Hägg EU, Kaluarachchi TKPK (2000). Type X collagen-a marker for endochondral ossification of the mandibular condyles. In: Orthodontics Year Book 2000. Hanada F, editor. Tokyo: Quintessence, pp. 50-58.
49. Rabie AB, Zhao Z, Shen G, Hägg EU, Robinson W (2001). Osteogenesis in the glenoid fossa in response to mandibular advancement. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 119:390-400.
50. Rabie AB, Leung FY, Chayanupatkul A, Hägg U (2002). The correlation between neovascularization and bone formation in the condyle during forward mandibular positioning. Angle Orthod 72:431-438.
51. Rabie AB, She TT, Hägg U (2003a). Functional appliance therapy accelerates and enhances condylar growth. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 123:40-48.
52. Rabie AB, Tsai MJ, Hägg U, Du X, Chou BW (2003b). The correlation of replicating cells and osteogenesis in the condyle during stepwise advancement. Angle Orthod 73:457-465.
53. Rabie AB, Tang GH, Xiong H, Hägg U (2003c). PTHrP regulates chondrocyte maturation in condylar cartilage. J Dent Res 82:627-631.
54. Rabie AB, Xiong H, Hägg U (2004a). Forward mandibular positioning enhances condylar adaptation in adult rats. Eur J Orthod 26:353-358.
55. Rabie AB, Tang GH, Hägg U (2004b). Cbfa1 couples chondrocytes maturation and endochondral ossification in rat mandibular condylar cartilage. Arch Oral Biol 49:109-118.
56. Roberts WE, Hartsfield JK Jr (2004). Bone development and function: genetic and environmental mechanism. Semin Orthod 10:100-122.
57. Ross MH, Romrell LJ, Kaye GI (1995). Histology-a text and atlas. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.
58. Rudnicki JA, Brown AM (1997). Inhibition of chondrogenesis by Wnt gene expression in vivo and in vitro. Dev Biol 185:104-118.
59. Sakamoto Y, Takano Y (2002). Morphological influence of ascorbic acid deficiency on endochondral ossification in osteogenic disorder Shionogi rat. Anat Rec 268:93-104.
60. Sharawy MM, Ali AM, Choi WS (2002). Immunohistochemical localization and distribution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the rabbit mandibular condyle following experimental induction of anterior disk displacement. Cranio 20:111-115.
61. Shen G (2000). Active mandibular forward positioning-a molecular and biochemical study (PhD dissertation). Hong Kong: The Univ. of Hong Kong.
62. Shen G, Rabie AB, Hägg U, Zhao Z (2000). Expression of type X collagen in condylar cartilage during mandibular protrusion [in Chinese]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 18:78-84.
63. Shen G, Rabie B, Hägg U (2003). Neovascularization in the TMJ in response to mandibular protrusion. Chin J Dent Res 6:28-38.
64. Shibata S, Fukada K, Suzuki S, Yamashita Y (1997). Immunohistochemistry of collagen types II and X, and enzyme-histochemistry of alkaline phosphatase in the developing condylar cartilage of the fetal mouse mandible. J Anat 191:561-570.
65. Shum L, Nuckolls G (2002). The life cycle of chondrocytes in the developing skeleton. Arthritis Res 4:94-106.
66. Sinsel NK, Opdebeeck H, Guelinckx PJ (2002). Mandibular condylar growth alterations after unilateral partial facial paralysis: an experimental study in the rabbit. Plast Reconstr Surg 109:181-189.
67. Sperber GH (2001). Craniofacial development. Hamilton, Ontario: BC Decker Inc.
68. Suda N, Shibata S, Yamazaki K, Kuroda T, Senior PV, Beck F, et al. (1999). Parathyroid hormone-related protein regulates proliferation of condylar hypertrophic chondrocytes. J Bone Miner Res 14:1838-1847.
69. Takahashi I, Mizoguchi I, Nakamura M, Kagayama M, Mitani H (1995). Effects of lateral pterygoid muscle hyperactivity on differentiation of mandibular condyles in rats. Anat Rec 241:328-336.
70. Takahashi I, Nuckolls GH, Takahashi K, Tanaka O, Semba I, Dashner R, et al. (1998). Compressive force promotes sox9, type II collagen and aggrecan and inhibits IL-1beta expression resulting in chondrogenesis in mouse embryonic limb bud mesenchymal cells. J Cell Sci 111:2067-2076.
71. Tang GH, Rabie AB, Hägg U (2004). Indian hedgehog: a mechanotransduction mediator in condylar cartilage. J Dent Res 83:434-438.
72. Tsuda M, Takahashi S, Takahashi Y, Asahara H (2003). Transcriptional co-activators CREB-binding protein and p300 regulate chondrocyte-specific gene expression via association with Sox9. J Biol Chem 278:27224-27229.
73. Tsurimoto T (1999). PCNA binding proteins. Front Biosci 4:D849-D858.
74. Tuli R, Tuli S, Nandi S, Huang X, Manner PA, Hozack WJ, et al. (2003). Transforming growth factor-beta-mediated chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal progenitor cells involves N-cadherin and mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt signaling cross-talk. J Biol Chem 278:41227-41236.
75. Ueno T, Kagawa T, Kanou M, Fujii T, Fukunaga J, Mizukawa N, et al. (2003). Immunohistochemical observations of cellular differentiation and proliferation in endochondral bone formation from grafted periosteum: expression and localization of BMP-2 and -4 in the grafted periosteum. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 31:356-361.
76. Voudouris JC, Kuftinec MM (2000). Improved clinical use of Twin-block and Herbst as a result of radiating viscoelastic tissue forces on the condyle and fossa in treatment and long-term retention: growth relativity.Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 117:247-266.
77. Wang W, Wang YG, Reginato AM, Glotzer DJ, Fukai N, Plotkina S, et al. (2004). Groucho homologue Grg5 interacts with the transcription factor Runx2-Cbfa1 and modulates its activity during postnatal growth in mice. Dev Biol 270:364-381.
78. Weiss A, von der Mark K, Silbermann M (1986). A tissue culture system supporting cartilage cell differentiation, extracellular mineralization, and subsequent bone formation, using mouse condylar progenitor cells. Cell Differ 19:103-113.
79. Wildemann B, Schmidmaier G, Ordel S, Stange R, Haas NP, Raschke M (2003). Cell proliferation and differentiation during fracture healing are influenced by locally applied IGF-I and TGF-beta1: comparison of two proliferation markers, PCNA and BrdU. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 65:150-156.
80. Yang Y, Topol L, Lee H, Wu J (2003). Wnt5a and Wnt5b exhibit distinct activities in coordinating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. Development 130:1003-1015.
81. Zhao Z, Rabie AB, Hägg U, Shen G (1999). Image analysis of condylar cartilaginous adaptation to mandibular protrusion in rats (in Chinese). Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 17:155-158.