Culture collections of microalgae in Brazil: Progress and constraints

Nova Hedwigia

Volumn 79, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 149-173

  Lourenço, Sergio O ^a   Vieira, Armando A H ^b  

^a FLUMINENSE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY   (Brazil)

^b FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF SÃO CARLOS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; CYANOBACTERIA;

EID: 33645979001     PISSN: 00295035     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1127/0029-5035/2004/0079-0149     Document Type: Article

References (124)

1. ABREU, P.C., L.R. RÖRIG, V. GARCIA, C. ODEBRECHT & B. BIDDANDA (2003): Decoupling between bacteria and the surf-zone diatom Asterionellopsis glacialis at Cassino Beach, Brazil. - Aquatic Microbial Ecol. 32: 219-228.
2. AIDAR, E., S.M.F. GIANESELLA-GALVÃO, T.C.S. SIGAUD, C.S. ASANO, T.H. LIANG, K.R.V. REZENDE, M.K. OISHI, F.J. ARANHA, G.M. MILANI & M.A.L. SANDES (1994): Effects of light quality on growth, biochemical composition and photosynthetic production in Cyclotella caspia Grunow and Tetraselmis gracilis (Kylin) Butcher. - J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 180: 175-187.
3. AIDAR, E., T.C.S. SIGAUD-KUTNER, L. NISHIHARA, K.P. SCHINKE, M.C.C. BRAGA, R.E. FARAH & M.B.B. KUTNER (1997): Marine phytoplankton assays: effectes of detergents. - Mar. Environm. Res. 43: 55-68.
4. ALLEN, E.J. (1914): On the culture of the plankton diatom, Thalassiosira gravida Cleve, in artificial sea water. - J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 10: 417-439.
5. ANDERSEN, R.A., S.L. MORTON & J.P. SEXTON (1997): CCMP - Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Culture of Marine Phytoplankton. - J. Phycol. 33 (Suppl.): 1-75.
6. AZEVEDO, M.T.P. & C.L. SANT'ANNA (2003): Sphaerocavum, a new genus of planktic Cyanobacteria from continental water bodies in Brazil. - Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 148 (Algol. Stud. 109): 79-92.
7. AZEVEDO, S.M.F.O., W.W. CARMICHAEL, E.M. JOCHIMSEN, K.L. RINEHART, S. LAU, G.R. SHAW & G.K. EAGLESHAM (2002): Human intoxication by microcystins during renal dialysis treatment in Caruaru-Brazil. - Toxicology 181: 441-446.
8. BELLORIN, A.M., M.C. OLIVEIRA & E.C. OLIVEIRA (2002): Phylogeny and systematics of Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) revisited: ribosomal gene sequencing. - J. Phycol. 38: 551-563.
9. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (2000): Development of Microcystis aerugiosa (Kütz.) Kütz. (Cyanophyceae/Cyanobacteria) under cultivation and its taxonomic implications. - Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 134 (Algol. Stud. 99): 29-37.
10. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (2003): Detection of potential microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in Brazilian reservoirs with a mcyB molecular marker. - Harmful Algae 2: 51-60.
11. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. & R. MONTEIRO (2002): Genetic variability of species of Monoraphidium (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyta) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). - Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 145 (Algol. Stud. 107): 81-95.
12. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C., M.C. OLIVEIRA & C.J.S. BOLCH (2001a): Genetic variability of Brazilian strains of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex (Cyanobacteria/Cyanophyceae) using the phycocyanin intergenic spacer and flanking regions (cpcBA). - J. Phycol. 37: 810-818.
13. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C., M.C. OLIVEIRA & J.S. YUNES (2001b): Cianobactérias tóxicas: o uso de marcadores moleculares na investigação da diversidade genética. - Biotecnol. Cienc. Tecnol. 23: 44-47.
14. BOËCHAT, I.G. & A. GIANI (2000): Factors affecting biochemical composition of seston in an eutrophic reservoir (Pampulha Reservoir, Belo Horizonte, MG). - Revista Brasil. Biol. 60: 63-71.
15. BOUVY, M., R. MOLICA, S. OLIVEIRA, M. MARINHO & B. BEKER (1999): Dynamics of a toxic cyanobacterial bloom (Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii) in a shallow reservoir in the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil. - Aquatic Microbial Ecol. 20: 285-297.
16. BOUVY, M., D. FALCÃO, M. MARINHO, M. PAGANO & A.N. MOURA (2000): Occurrence of Cylindrospermopsis (Cyanobacteria) in 39 Brazilian tropical reservoirs during the 1998 drought. - Aquatic Microbial Ecol. 23: 13-27.
17. CAPES (2003): Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). - http://www.capes.gov.br (accessed 23/09/2003).
18. CAVALHEIRO, R., L.R. RÖRIG & M. PESSATTI (2000): Determinação de condições ótimas de cultivo em uma cepa da microalga produtora de astaxantina Haematococcus pluvialis (Chlorophyceae). - Proceedings of Aquicultura Brasil 2000, 1: 1-7. Florianópolis, Brazil.
19. CNPq (2003): Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).- http://www.cnpq.br (accessed 23/09/2003).
20. COSTA, R.A.A.M. & F. FERNÁNDEZ (2002): Feeding and survival rates of the copepods Euterpina acutifrons Dana and Acartia grani Sars on the dinoflagellates Alexandrium minutum Balech and Gyrodinium corsicum Paulmier and the cryptophyte Rhodomonas baltica Karsten. - J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 273: 131-142.
21. COSTA, R.A.A.M., M.L. KOENING & S.J. MACÊDO (1999): Use of secondary sewage water as a culture medium for Chaetoceros gracilis and Thalassiosira sp (Chrysophyceae) in laboratory conditions. - Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 42: 205-212.
22. COSTA, S.M. & S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO (1994): Implantação de um banco de culturas de cianofíceas tóxicas. - Iheringia, Bot. 45: 69-74.
23. CSIRO (1998): Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO). The CSIRO Collection of Living Microalgae. Strain List. - CSIRO, Hobart, Australia.
24. DAY, J.G., E.E. BENSON & R.A. FLECK (1999): In vitro culture of microalgae: Applications for aquaculture, biotechnology and environmental research. - In Vitro Cell. Developmental Biol.-Plant 35: 127-136.
25. DE MEIS, L. & J. LETA (1996): O perfil da ciência brasileira. - Editora UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro.
26. DE MEIS, L., A. VELLOSO, D. LANNES, M.S. CARMO & C. DE MEIS (2003a): The growing competition in Brazilian science: rites of passage, stress and burnout. - Brazil. J. Med. Biol. Res. 36: 1135-1141.
27. DE MEIS, L., M.S. CARMO & C. DE MEIS (2003b): Impact factor: just part of a research treadmill. - Nature 424: 723.
28. DERNER, R.B., E. BUITRAGO, A. OLIVERA & K. PINASKO (1994): Crecimiento de Chaetoceros calcitrans en ambiente cerrado y abierto bajo diferentes fotoperiodos y mediosnutritivos. - Mem. Soc. Ci. Nat. La Salle 54 (142): 3-8.
29. DOMINGOS, P., T.K. RUBIM, R.J.R. MOLICA, S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO & W.W. CARMICHAEL (1999): First report of microcystin production by picoplanktonic cyanobacteria isolated from a northeast Brazilian drinking water reservoir. - Environm. Toxicol. 14: 31-35.
30. ESPÍNDOLA, E.L.G., C.R.B. PASCHOAL, O. ROCHA, M.B.C. BOHRER & A.L.OLIVEIRA-NETO (2002): Ecotoxicologia. Perspectivas para o século XXI. - RiMa Artes e Textos, São Carlos, Brazil.
31. FAO (2000): The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome.
32. FERNANDES L.F., E. ESKINAZI-LEÇA, A.N. MOURA, G.G. OLIVEIRA (2002): The occurrence of Nitzschia martiana (C.A. Agardh) Van Heurck (Nitzschiaceae-Bacillariophyta) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. - Hoehnea 29: 119-131.
33. FERRÃO-FILHO, A.D. & S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO (2003): Effects of unicellular and colonial forms of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa from laboratory and natural populations on tropical cladocerans. - Aquatic Ecol. 37: 23-35.
34. FIORE, M. F. & J.T. TREVORS (1994): Cell composition and metal tolerance in cyanobacteria. - Biometals 7: 83-103.
35. FIORE, M.F., D.H. MOON, S.M. TSAI, H. LEE & J.T. TREVORS (2000): Miniprep DNA isolation from unicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria. - J. Microbiol. Meth. 39: 159-169.
36. FLORES MONTES, M. J., S.J. MACÊDO & M.L. KOENING (2002): N:Si:P Atomic ratio in the Santa Cruz Channel, Itamaracá-PE (Northeast Brazil): a nyctemeral variation. - Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 45: 115-124.
37. FOGUEL, D. & R.M. CHALOUB (1993): Effects of the alkaloid gramine on the light-harvesting, energy transfer, and growth of Anabaena sp. (PCC-7119). - Pl. Physiol. 101: 633-639.
38. GALVÃO, M.S.N., C.M.M. PIMENTEL, R.A. SILVA DA & N. YAMANAKA (1993): Preservação de Chlorella sp. por resfriamento e congelamento. - Bol. Inst. Pesca 20: 115-121.
39. GALVÃO, M.S.N., N. YAMANAKA, S. TANJI (1996): Preservação de duas microalgas Nannochloropsis oculata e Tetraselmis tetrathele por resfriamento e congelamento. - Bol. Inst. Pesca 23: 1-11.
40. GIANI, A. & P.C.S. DELGADO (1998): Growth dynamics and competitive ability of a green (Oocystis lacustris) and a blue-green alga (Synechocystis sp.) under different N:P ratios. - Int. Vereinigung Theor. Limnol. Verh. 26: 1693-1697.
41. GIROLDO, D. & A.A.H. VIEIRA (2002): An extracellular sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharide produced by a tropical strain of Cryptomonas obovata (Cryptophyceae). - J. Appl. Phycol. 14: 185-191.
42. GONZALEZ, M.A., O.O. PARRA & A.S. CIFUENTES (1995): Técnicas de cultivo de microalgas en laboratorio. - In: ALVEAL, K., M.E. FERRARIO, E.C. OLIVEIRA & E. SAR (eds): Manual de Métodos Ficológicos: 219-250. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
43. GOUVÊA, S.P., A.A.H. VIEIRA & A.T. LOMBARDI (2002): No effect of N or P deficiency on capsule regeneration in Staurodesmus convergens (Zygnematophyceae, Chlorophyta). - Phycologia 41: 585-589.
44. GROSS, F. (1937): Notes on the culture of some marine plankton organisms. - J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 21: 753-768.
45. GUIMARÃES, M., E.M. PLASTINO & C. DESTOMBE (2003): Green mutant frequency in natural population of Gracilaria domingensis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil. - Eur. J. Phycol. 38: 165-169.
46. GURGEL, C.F.D., L.M. LIAO, S. FREDERIQ & M.H. HOMMERSAND (2003): Systematics of Gracilariopsis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) based on rbcL sequence analyses and morphological evidence. - J. Phycol. 39: 154-171.
47. IBGE (2003): Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). - http://www.ibge.gov.br (accessed 23/09/2003).
48. JARDIM, F.A., Y.M.F. FONSECA & L.N.L. VIANNA (2000): Cianobactérias tóxicas: a implantação de um banco de culturas no Laboratório Metropolitano da COPASA - MG. - Proceedings of the IX Simpósio Luso-Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Porto Seguro, Brazil, pp. 1079-1086.
49. JOCHIMSEN, E.M., W.W. CARMICHAEL, J. AN, D.M. CARDO, S.T. COOKSON, C.E.M. HOLMES, B.C. ANTUNES, D.A. MELO FILHO, T.M. LYRA, V.S.T. BARRETO, S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO & W.R. JARVIS (1998): Liver failure and death after exposure to microcystins at a hemodialysis center in Brazil. - New England J. Med. 338: 873-878.
50. KOMÁREK, J., J. KOMÁRKOVÁ-LEGNEROVÁ, C.L. SANT'ANNA, M.T.P. AZEVEDO & P.A.C. SENNA (2002): Two common Microcystis species (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria) from tropical America, including M. panniformis sp. nov. - Cryptog. Algol. 23: 159-177.
51. LEMOS, M.D.P., B.N. CAMBRAIA, L.M. OLIVEIRA, F.C. GARCIA & F.A.R. BARBOSA (2001): Trophic interactions within the plankton community of Lagoa Olhos d'Água, south-east Brazil, in enclosures enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus. - Int. Vereinigung Theor. Limnol. Verh. 27: 3295-3299.
52. LEWIN, R.A. (1999): Experimental phycology: some historic diversions and aberrations. - J. Appl. Phycol. 12: 197-200.
53. LOMBARDI, A.T. & A.A.H. VIEIRA (2000): Copper complexation by Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta exudates. - Phycologia 39: 118-125.
54. LOMBARDI, A.T., A.A.H. VIEIRA & L.A. SARTORI (2002): Mucilaginous capsule adsorption and intracellular uptake of copper by Kirchneriella aperta (Chlorococcales). - J. Phycol. 38: 332-337.
55. LOPES, P. F., U.R. SANTA-MARIA & P. COLEPICOLO (2002): Effect of light quality on the circadian expression of nitrate reductase in the red macroalga Gracilaria tenuistipitata. - Biol. Rhythm Res. 33: 391-400.
56. LOURENÇO, S.O., U.M.L. MARQUEZ, J. MANCINI-FILHO, E. BARBARINO & E. AIDAR (1997): Changes in biochemical profile of Tetraselmis gracilis. I. Comparison of two culture media. - Aquaculture 148: 153-168.
57. LOURENÇO, S.O., E. BARBARINO, J. MANCINI-FILHO, K.P. SCHINKE & E. AIDAR (2002): Effects of different nitrogen sources on growth and biochemical profile of ten marine microalgae in batch culture: an evaluation for aquaculture. - Phycologia 41: 158-168.
58. LOURENÇO, S.O., E. BARBARINO, P.L. LAVÍN, U.M.L. MARQUEZ & E. AIDAR (2004): Distribution of intracellular nitrogen in marine microalgae. Calculation of new nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors. - Eur. J. Phycol. 39: 17-32.
59. MAGALHÃES, V.F., R.M. SOARES & S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO (2001): Microcystin contamination in fish from the Jacarepaguá Lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): Ecological implication and human health risk. - Toxicon 39: 1077-1085.
60. MAURAT, M.C.S. (2002): Teste de toxicidade crônica de curta duração com a macroalga Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey - método semi-estático. - In: NASCIMENTO, I.A., E.C.P.M. SOUSA & M. NIPPER (eds): Métodos em ecotoxicologia marinha: Aplicações no Brasil: 63-72. Artes Gráficas e Indústria Ltda., Salvador, Brazil.
61. MCT (2003): Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT). - http://www.mct.gov.br (accessed 23/ 09/2003).
62. MEC (2003): Ministry of Education (MEC). - http://www.mec.gov.br (accessed 23/09/2003).
63. MENEZES, M. & I.C.A. DIAS (2001): Biodiversidade de algas de ambientes continentais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. - Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
64. MIQUEL, P. (1892): De la culture artificielle des Diatomées. - Le Diatomiste 1: 73-75; 93-99; 121-128; 149-156; 165-172.
65. MOLICA, R., H. ONODERA, C. GARCÍA, M. RIVAS, D. ANDRINOLO, S. NASCIMENTO, H. MEGURO, Y. OSHIMA, S. AZEVEDO & N. LAGOS (2002): Toxins in the freshwater cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanophyceae) isolated from Tabocas reservoir in Caruaru, Brazil, including demonstration of a new saxitoxin analogue. - Phycologia 41: 606-611.
66. MORAES, R.B.C., M.A.C. CRAPEZ, W. PFEIFFER, M. FARINA, A.C.D. BAINY & V.L. TEIXEIRA (2001): Efeitos de poluentes em organismos marinhos. - Arte e Ciência, São Paulo.
67. MÜLLER, K.M, M.C. OLIVEIRA, R.G. SHEATH & D. BHATTACHARYA (2001): Ribosomal DNA phylogeny of the Bangiophycidae (Rhodophyta) and the origin of secondary plastids. - Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1390-1400.
68. NASCIMENTO, S.M. & S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO (1998): Growth of Synechocystis aquatilis f. salina (blue-green algae) on different nitrogen: phosphorus ratios: An ecophysiological approach. - Int. Vereinigung Theor. Limnol. Verh. 26: 1764-1765.
69. NASCIMENTO, I.A., D.H. SMITH, S.A. PEREIRA, M.M.S. AARAÚJO, M.A.E. SILVA & A.M. MARIANI (2000): Integration of varying responses of different organisms to water and sediment quality at sites impacted and not impacted by the petroleum industry. - Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management Society 3: 449-458.
70. NASCIMENTO, I.A., E.C.P.M. SOUSA & M. NIPPER (eds) (2002): Métodos em ecotoxicologia marinha. Aplicações no Brasil. - Artes Gráficas e Indústria Ltda., Salvador, Brazil.
71. NECCHI, O. JR. & J.J. CARMONA (2002): Somatic meiosis and development of the juvenile gametophyte in members of the Batrachospermales sensu lato (Rhodophyta). - Phycologia 41: 340-347.
72. NECCHI, O. JR. & M.R. ZUCCHI (1997): Audouinella macrospora (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) is the 'Chantransia' stage of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermaceae). - Phycologia 36: 220-224.
73. ODEBRECHT, C., S.M.F.O. AZEVEDO, V.M.T. GARCIA, V.L.M. HUSZAR, V.F. MAGALHÃES, M. MENEZES, L.A.O. PROENÇA, L.R. RÖRIG, D.R. TENENBAUM, M.C. VILLAC & J.S. YUNES (2002): Floraciones de microalgas nocivas en Brasil: estado del arte y proyectos en curso. - In: SAR, E.A., M.E. FERRARIO & B. REGUERA (eds): Floraciones algales nocivas en el Cono Sur Americano: 217-233. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo, Spain.
74. OKAMOTO, O.K., C.S. ASANO, E. AIDAR & P. COLEPICOLO (1996): Effects of cadmium on growth and superoxide dismutase activity of the marine microalga Tetraselmis gracilis (Prasinophyceae). - J. Phycol. 32: 74-79.
75. OKAMOTO, O.K., L.M. SHAO, J.W. HASTINGS & P. COLEPICOLO (1999): Acute and chronic effects of toxic metals on viability, encystment and bioluminescence in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra. - Comp. Biochem. Physiol., C 123: 75-83.
76. OLIVEIRA, D.B.F. & C.J. LIMA (1990): Composição e variação sazonal do microfitoplâncton da região de Maxaranguape (RN-Brasil). - Anais do IV Encontro Brasileiro de Plâncton, Recife PE, Brazil: 199-219.
77. OLIVEIRA, D.B.F., F.L.E. MEDEIROS, E.H. ARAÚJO & M. FRANÇA (1994): Relação da biomassa fitoplanctônica com os fatores em viveiros estuarino (UPPC-EMPARN). - Anais Acad. Brasil. Ci. 66: 125-131.
78. OLIVEIRA, M.C., J. KURNIAWAN, C.J. BIRD, E.L. RICE, C.A. MURPHY, R.K. SINGH, R.R. GUTELL & M.A. RAGAN (1995): A preliminary investigation of the Order Bangiales (Bangiophycidae, Rhodophyta) based on sequences of nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes. - Phycol. Res. 43: 71-79.
79. OLIVERA, A., R.B. DERNER, E. BUITRAGO & K. PINASKO (1994): Utilización de Chaetoceros calcitrans concentrado y criopreservado como alimento de larvas de Penaeus paulensis. - Mem. Soc. Ci. Nat. La Salle 54 (142): 15-21.
80. PADISÁK, J., F. BARBOSA, R. KOSCHEL & L. KRIENITZ (2003): Deep layer cyanoprokaryota maxima in temperate and tropical lakes. - Advances Limnol. (Arch. Hydrobiol.) 58: 175-199
81. PAULA, E.J., C. ERBERT & R.T.L. PEREIRA (2001): Growth rate of the carrageenophyte Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) in vitro. - Phycol. Res. 49: 155-161.
82. PAULA, E.J., R.T.L. PEREIRA & M. OHNO (1999): Strain selection in Kappaphycus alvarezii var. alvarezii (Solieriaceae, Rhodophyta) using tetraspore progeny. - J. Appl. Phycol. 11: 111-121.
83. PEREIRA, S.A., I.A. NASCIMENTO, L.M. LIMA, R.C. SANTANA, M.A.E. SILVA, D.H. SMITH & L.M.G. GOUVEIA (1998): Marine phytoplankton assays: determination of sensibility of three species to detergent Sodium Dodecil Sulfate. - Cadernos de Investigación Biológica 20: 151-153.
84. PILLAY, T.V.R. (1990): Aquaculture. Principles and practices. - Fishing News Books, Oxford.
85. PINTO, C.S.C., L.P. SOUZA-SANTOS & P.J.P. SANTOS (2001): Development and population dynamics of Tisbe biminiensis (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) reared on different diets. - Aquaculture 198: 253-267.
86. PLASTINO, E.M. & E.C. OLIVEIRA (2002): Gracilaria birdiae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta), a new species from the tropical South American Atlantic with terete frond and deep spermatangial conceptacles. - Phycologia 41: 389-396.
87. PRINGSHEIM, E.G. (1946): Pure cultures of algae. - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
88. PROENÇA, L.A.O., SCHMITT, F., COSTA, T. & RÖRIG, L.R. (1998): Just a diarrhea? Evidences of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning in Santa Catarina, Brazil. - Ci. & Cult. 50: 458-462.
89. PROENÇA, L.A.O., N. LAGOS, L.R. RÖRIG, M. SILVA & S. GUIMARÃES (1999): Occurrence of paralytic shellfish poisoning - PSP in southern Brazilian waters. - Ci. & Cult. 51: 16-21.
90. PROVASOLI, L. & I.J. PINTNER (1953): Ecological implications of in vitro nutritional requirements of algal flagellates. - Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 56: 839-851.
91. RAMALHO, C.B., J.W. HASTINGS & P. COLEPICOLO (1995): Circadian oscillation of nitrate reductase activity in Gonyaulax polyedra is due to changes in cellular protein levels. - Pl. Physiol. 107: 225-231.
92. REINACH, F.C. (1998): Adapting to change in Latin America. - Nature 392: 647-648.
93. RIBEIRO, S.P.; M.S. MENDONÇA-JÚNIOR, E.M. BARBOSA & J.A. SOUZA NETO (2001): Brazil has the talent: just let us get on with the job. - Nature 413: 16.
94. ROCHA, T.R.P., T. WATANABE, R. COLER & R. SASSI (1999): The photosynthetic / respiratory response of a periphytic population (Selenastrum capricornutum) to paraquat as a biomarker. - Acta Limnol. Brasiliensis 19: 131-136.
95. RODRIGUEZ, E.G. (1994): Yearly variation in primary productivity of marine phytoplankton from Cabo Frio (RJ, Brazil) Region. - Hydrobiologia 294: 145-156.
96. RODRIGUEZ, E.G., J.L. VALENTIN, D.L. ANDRE & S.A. JACOB (1992): Upwelling and downwelling at Cabo Frio (Brazil): Comparison of biomass and primary production responses. - J. Plankt. Res. 14: 289-306.
97. SANT'ANNA, C.L. & M.T.P. AZEVEDO (2000): Contribution to the knowledge of potentially toxic Cyanobacteria from Brazil. - Nova Hedwigia 71: 359-385.
98. SASSI, R., M.B.B. KUTNER & G.F. MOURA (1988): Studies on the decomposition of drift seaweed from the Northeast Brazilian coastal reefs. - Hydrobiologia 157: 187-192.
99. SCHREIBER, E. (1927): Die Reinkultur von marinem Phytoplankton und deren Bedeutung für die Erforschung der Produktionsfähigkeit des Meerwassers. - Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. Helgoland, N.F. 16 (10): 1-34.
100. SHUMWAY, S.E. (1990): A review of the effects of algal blooms on shellfish and aquaculture. - J. World Aquaculture Soc. 21: 65-104.
101. SIGAUD-KUTNER, T.C.S. , E. PINTO, O.K. OKAMOTO, L.R. LATORRE & P. COLEPICOLO (2002): Changes in superoxide dismutase activity and photosynthetic pigment content during growth of marine phytoplankters in batch-cultures. - Physiol. Pl. 114: 566-571.
102. SILVA, A.C.R. et al. [64 co-authors] (2002): Comparison of the genomes of two Xanthomonas pathogens with different host specificities. - Nature 417: 459-463.
103. SILVA, L.M.T., C.P. SANTOS & R.M. CHALOUB (2001): Effect of the respiratory activity on photoinhibition of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. - Photosyn. Res. 68: 61-69.
104. SIMPSON, A.J.G. et al. [115 co-authors] (2000): The genome sequence of the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. - Nature 406: 151-157.
105. SIPAÚBA-TAVARES, L.H., L.C. PELICIONE & A. OLIVERA (1999): Use of an inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and Chu12 medium for cultivation of Ankistrodesmus gracilis in the laboratory. - Revista Brasil. Ecol. (Brazil. J. Ecol.) 3: 10-15.
106. SIPAÚBA-TAVARES, L.H., M.A. BACHION & F.M. DE S. BRAGA (2001): Effects of food quality on growth and biochemical composition of a calanoid copepod, Argyrodiaptomus furcatus, and its importance as a natural food source for larvae of two tropical fishes. - Hydrobiologia 453/ 454: 393-401.
107. SOUZA-SANTOS, L.P., P.J.P. SANTOS & J. CASTEL (1999): Development and population dynamics of Amonardia normani Brady reared on axenic and non-axenic diatoms. - J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 235: 167-182.
108. STARR, R.C. & J.A. ZEIKUS (1993): UTEX - The culture collection of algae at the University of Texas at Austin. - J. Phycol. 29 (Suppl.): 1-106.
109. TEIXEIRA, C. & A.A.H. VIEIRA (1976): Nutrient experiment using Phaeodactylum tricornutum as an assay organism. - Bol. Inst. Oceanogr. (São Paulo) 25: 29-42.
110. TRIANI, L. & M.F. SANTOS (1999): Crescimento da diatomácea Bellerochea polymorpha em diferentes intensidades de luz, Rio de Janeiro. - Fiperj Inf. Téc. 3: 1-3. Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Rio de Janeiro (Fiperj).
111. TRIANI, L. & M.F. SANTOS (2000): Crescimento de Isochrysis galbana Parke, em diferentes salinidades e intensidades de luz. - Anais do Aqüicultura Brasil 2000: 1-5. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
112. UKNCC (2001): Catalogue of the UK National Culture Collection (UKNCC). List of algae and protozoa (1st edition). - UKNCC, Egham, Surrey, UK.
113. VALENTI, W.C., C.R. POLI, J.A. PEREIRA & J.R. BORGHETTI (2000): Aqüicultura no Brasil. Bases para um desenvolvimento sustentável. - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília.
114. VAN SLUYS, M.A. et al. [57 co-authors] (2003): Comparative analyses of the complete genome sequences of Pierce's disease and citrus variegated chlorosis strains of Xylella fastidiosa. - J. Bacteriol. 185: 1018-1026.
115. VINAGRE, T.M., J. ALCIATI, F. REGOLI, R. BOCCHETTI, J.S. YUNES, A. BIANCHINI & J.M. MONSERRAT (2003): Effect of microcystin on ion regulation and antioxidant system in gills of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda, Grapsidae). - Comp. Biochem. Physiol., C 135: 67-75.
116. WERNER, V.R. & C.L. SANT'ANNA (1998): Morphological variability in Gloeotrichia natans Rabenhorst ex Bornet et Flahault (Cyanophyceae, Nostocales) from Southern Brazil. - Revista Brasil. Biol. 58: 79-84.
117. WERNER, V.R. & C.L. SANT'ANNA (2000): A new species of Aphanothece (Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales) from a shallow coastal lagoon, south Brazil. - Nova Hedwigia 70: 113-125.
118. YOKOYA, N.S. (2000): Apical callus formation and plant regeneration controlled by plant growth regulators on axenic culture of the red alga Gracilariopsis tenuifrons (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). - Phycol. Res. 48: 133-142.
119. YOKOYA, N.S. & W. HANDRO (2002): Effects of plant growth regulators and culture medium on morphogenesis of Solieria filiformis (Rhodophyta) cultured in vitro. - J. Appl. Phycol. 14: 97-102.
120. YOKOYA, N. S., E. M. PLASTINO, & R. ARTEL (2003): Physiological responses and pigment characterization of two colour strains of the carrageenhophyte Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyta). - In: CHAPMAN, A.R.O., R.J. ANDERSON, V.J. VREELAND & I.R. DAVISON (eds): Proceedings of the 17th International Seaweed Symposium: 425-434. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
121. 2 on nitrite liberation by the heterocystous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. - J. Pl. Physiol. 147: 313-320.
122. YUNES, J.S., P.S. SALOMON, A. MATTHIENSEN, K.A. BEATTIE, S.L. RAGGETT & G.A. CODD (1996): Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria in the Patos Lagoon Estuary, southern Brazil. - J. Aquatic Ecosyst. Health 5: 223-229.
123. YUNES, J.S., L.F.H. NIENCHESKI, P.S. SALOMON, M. PARISE, K.A. BEATTIE, S.L. RAGGETT & G.A. CODD (1998): Effect of nutrient balance and physical factors on blooms of toxic cyanobacteria in the Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil. - Int. Vereinigung Theor. Limnol. Verh. 26: 1796-1800.
124. ZUCCHI, M.R. & O. NECCHI Jr. (2001): Effects of temperature, irradiance and photoperiod on growth and pigment content in some freshwater red algae in culture. - Phycol. Res. 49: 103-114.