Effects of phytase addition with or without a trace mineral premix on growth performance, bone response variables, and tissue mineral concentrations in commercial broilers

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 94-102

  Shelton, J L ^a   Southern, L L ^a  

^a LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Bone; Broiler; Growth; Phytase; Trace mineral

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645331185     PISSN: 10566171     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/japr/15.1.94     Document Type: Article

References (37)

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12. Ross chicks were obtained from House of Raeford, Gibsland, LA.
13. The lighting system consisted of 3 d of 24-h light, followed by 16 h of light and 8 h of dark for the remainder of the project. The broilers were conditioned to the dark period over 3 d by increasing the periods of dark until 8 h of dark was reached. The temperature in the house was 31 to 33°C for the first week and was dropped each week until 24 to 27°C was reached. Feed and water were offered ad libitum throughout the experimental period and the feed was fed in mash form.
14. Phytase = Natuphos 1200, BASF Corporation, Mount Olive, NJ.
15. National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
16. Bone breaking strength was determined by using a HD 250 Texture Machine (Texture Technologies Corporation, Scarsdale, NY) fitted with a 3-point bend rig with a load cell capacity of 25 (starter phase) or 50 (grower and finisher phases) kg and a cross-head speed of 100 mm/min. After determination of bone breaking strength, fat was removed from the tibias by a 36-h Soxhlet extraction in ethyl alcohol followed by a 36-h extraction with diethyl ether, and then dried at 100°C for 24 h. Bone ash percentage was determined by placing the bones in a muffle furnace and ashing for 36 h at 550°C. Mineral content was determined on the ash samples after being digested in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (Model Optima 3000, Perkin Elmer, Norwalk, CT).
17. The bile, breast muscles, livers, and pancreas from each pen were pooled, homogenized, and frozen for subsequent determination of mineral content. Samples of liver, pancreas, bile, and muscle were dried for 24 h at 100°C and mineral content was determined on the dry samples after being digested in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (Model Optima 3000, Perkin Elmer, Norwalk, CT).
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20. There were no treatment x sex interactions so this parameter was removed from the model. The main effect of sex was kept in the model. There was a house effect for muscle mineral concentrations so it was kept in the model for this response variable, but it was removed from the model for all other variables. Mortality was analyzed using the square-root transformation √y + 0.5). Treatment means are actual means from original data. Contrast statements were included to examine phytase, TMP, and phytase × TMP effects as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The pen of broilers was the experimental unit for all data.
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