Personal view: The management of chronic hepatitis B infection

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 23, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 857-869

  Sherman, M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; CLEVUDINE; EMTRICITABINE; ENTECAVIR; HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN; HEPATITIS E ANTIGEN; INTERFERON; LAMIVUDINE; NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG; PEGINTERFERON; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA2B; PRADEFOVIR; REMOFOVIR; STAVUDINE; TELBIVUDINE; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; CHRONIC HEPATITIS; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; FATTY LIVER; GENERAL CONDITION DETERIORATION; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER FAILURE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELAPSE; REVIEW; SEROCONVERSION; TREATMENT INDICATION; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VIRUS CARRIER; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS RESISTANCE;

ADENINE; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; DNA, VIRAL; DRUG RESISTANCE, VIRAL; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; GUANINE; HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS; HEPATITIS B, CHRONIC; HUMANS; INTERFERONS; LAMIVUDINE; PHOSPHONIC ACIDS;

EID: 33645055412     PISSN: 02692813     EISSN: 13652036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02840.x     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Lok AS McMahon BJ Practice Guidelines Committee, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Chronic hepatitis B: update of recommendations Hepatology 2004 39 857 61
2. de Franchis R Hadengue A Lau G et al. EASL International Consensus Conference on Hepatitis B. 13-14 September, 2002 Geneva, Switzerland. Consensus statement J Hepatol 2003 39 Suppl. 1 P3 P25
3. Liaw YF Leung N Guan R Lau GK Merican I Asian-Pacific Consensus Working Parties on Hepatitis B Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B: an update J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003 18 239 45
4. Yang LM Xu KC Zhao YL et al. Clinical significance of liver biopsy in chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently normal transaminase Chin J Dig Dis 2002 3 150 3
5. Iloeje UH Yang HI Su J et al. Viral load is a strong predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma risk in people chronically infected with hepatitis B virus and with normal serum alanine aminotransferases (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 179
6. Hoofnagle JH Dusheiko GM Seeff LB Jones EA Waggoner JG Bales ZB Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to antibody in chronic type B hepatitis Ann Intern Med 1981 94 744 8
7. Fattovich G Rugge M Brollo L et al. Clinical, virologic and histologic outcome following seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe in chronic hepatitis type B Hepatology 1986 6 167 72
8. van Nunen AB Hansen BE Suh DJ et al. Durability of HBeAg seroconversion following antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B: relation to type of therapy and pretreatment serum hepatitis B virus DNA and alanine aminotransferases Gut 2003 52 420 4
9. Song BC Suh DJ Lee HC Chung YH Lee YS Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion after lamivudine therapy is not durable in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Korea Hepatology 2000 32 803 6
10. Yuen MF Hui CK Cheng CC Wu CH Lai YP Lai CL Long-term follow-up of interferon alfa treatment in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: the effect on hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion and the development of cirrhosis-related complications Hepatology 2001 34 139 45
11. Marx G Martin SR Chicoine JF Alvarez F Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children of different ethnic origins J Infect Dis 2002 186 295 301
12. Wong DK Cheung AM O'Rourke K Naylor CD Detsky AS Heathcote J Effect of alpha-interferon treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. A meta-analysis Ann Intern Med 1993 119 312 23
13. Perrillo RP Schiff ER Davis GL et al. A randomized, controlled trial of interferon alfa-2b alone and after prednisone withdrawal for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group N Engl J Med 1990 323 295 301
14. Schalm SW Heathcote J Cianciara J et al. Lamivudine and alpha interferon combination treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a randomised trial Gut 2000 46 562 8
15. Hadziyannis SJ Tassopoulos NC Heathcote EJ et al. Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B N Engl J Med 2003 348 800 7
16. Chang TT Gish R de Man R et al. Entecavir is superior to lamivudine for the treatment of HBeAg+ve chronic hepatitis B: results of phase III study ETV-022 in nucleoside naive patients (abstract) Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 1 193A
17. Liaw YF Leung NWY Chang TT et al. Effects of extended lamivudine therapy in Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B. Asia Hepatitis Study Group Gastroenterology 2000 119 172 80
18. Leung NWY Lai CL Chang TT et al. Extended lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B enhances hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rates: results after 3 years of therapy Hepatology 2001 33 1527 32
19. Papatheodoridis GV Manesis E Hadziyannis SJ The long-term outcome of interferon-alpha treated and untreated patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B J Hepatol 2001 34 306 13
20. Brunetto MR Oliveri F Coco B et al. Outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in alpha-interferon treated and untreated patients: a long term cohort study J Hepatol 2002 36 263 70
21. Lampertico P Del Ninno E Vigano M et al. Long-term suppression of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B by 24-month interferon therapy Hepatology 2003 37 756 63
22. Manesis EK Hadziyannis SJ Interferon alpha treatment and retreatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B Gastroenterology 2001 121 101 9
23. Chan HL Tsang SW Hui Y Leung NW Chan FK Sung JJ The role of lamivudine and predictors of mortality in severe flare-up of chronic hepatitis B with jaundice J Viral Hepat 2002 9 424 8
24. Evans AA Fabre RE Chen G Pasternack L Iloeje UH Hepatitis B viral load is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (abstract) Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 1 602A
25. Chen G Lin W Shen FM Iloeje UH London WT Evans AA Viral load as a predictor of liver disease in chronic hepatitis B infection (abstract) Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 1 594A
26. Chen CJ Yang HI Su J et al. Viral load is a strong predictor of liver cirrhosis in people chronically infected with hepatitis B virus regardless of HBe antigen status (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 172
27. Iloeje UH Yang HI Su J et al. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA level predicts the incidence of liver cirrhosis in persons chronically infected with HBV (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 180
28. Iloeje UH Yang HI Su J et al. Viral load, not serum ALT is the primary predictor of progression to cirrhosis in persons chronically infected with HBV. Results from a long term prospective study (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 180
29. Yang HI Lu SN Liaw YF et al. Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma N Engl J Med 2002 347 168 74
30. Liaw YF Sung JJ Chow WC et al. Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease N Engl J Med 2004 351 1521 31
31. Chu CJ Hussain M Lok AS Quantitative serum HBV DNA levels during different stages of chronic hepatitis B infection Hepatology 2002 36 1408 15
32. Seo Y Yoon S Truong BX et al. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels differentiating inactive carriers from patients with chronic hepatitis B Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005 17 753 7
33. Gauthier J Bourne EJ Lutz MW et al. Quantitation of hepatitis B viremia and emergence of YMDD variants in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine J Infect Dis 1999 180 1757 62
34. Di Marco V Di Stefano R Ferraro D et al. HBV-DNA suppression and disease course in HBV cirrhosis patients on long-term lamivudine therapy Antivir Ther 2005 10 431 9
35. Mommeja-Marin H Mondou E Blum MR Rousseau F Serum HBV DNA as a marker of efficacy during therapy for chronic HBV infection: analysis and review of the literature Hepatology 2003 37 1309 19
36. Perrillo RP Regenstein FG Peters MG et al. Prednisone withdrawal followed by recombinant alpha interferon in the treatment of chronic type B hepatitis. A randomized, controlled trial Ann Intern Med 1988 109 95 100
37. Lok AS Novick DM Karayiannis P Dunk AA Sherlock S Thomas HC A randomized study of the effects of adenine arabinoside 5′-monophosphate (short or long courses) and lymphoblastoid interferon on hepatitis B virus replication Hepatology 1985 5 1132 8
38. Lok AS Lai CL Wu PC Leung EK Long-term follow-up in a randomised controlled trial of recombinant alpha 2-interferon in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B infection Lancet 1988 2 298 302
39. Scully LJ Shein R Karayiannis P McDonald JA Thomas HC Lymphoblastoid interferon therapy of chronic HBV infection. A comparison of 12 vs. 24 weeks of thrice weekly treatment J Hepatol 1987 5 51 8
40. Saracco G Mazzella G Rosina F et al. A controlled trial of human lymphoblastoid interferon in chronic hepatitis B in Italy Hepatology 1989 10 336 41
41. Vajro P Tedesco M Fontanella A et al. Prolonged and high dose recombinant interferon alpha-2b alone or after prednisone priming accelerates termination of active viral replication in children with chronic hepatitis B infection Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996 15 223 31
42. Lopez-Alcorocho JM Bartolome J Cotonat T Carreno V Efficacy of prolonged interferon-alpha treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAb: comparison between 6 and 12 months of therapy J Viral Hepat 1997 4 Suppl. 1 27 32
43. Janssen HL van Zonneveld M Senturk H et al. Pegylated interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with lamivudine for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: a randomized trial Lancet 2005 365 123 9
44. Lau G Piratvisuth T Luo KX et al. Peginterferon alpha 2a (40 KD) (Pegasys) monotherapy and in combination with lamivudine is more effective than lamivudine monotherapy in HbeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: results from a large multinational study (abstract) Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 1 171A
45. Marcellin P Lau GK Bonino F et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a alone, lamivudine alone, and the two in combination in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B N Engl J Med 2004 351 1206 17
46. Brook MG Karayiannis P Thomas HC Which patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection will respond to alpha-interferon therapy? A statistical analysis of predictive factors Hepatology 1989 10 761 3
47. Krogsgaard K Bindslev N Christensen E et al. The treatment effect of alpha interferon in chronic hepatitis B is independent of pre-treatment variables. Results based on individual patient data from 10 clinical controlled trials. European Concerted Action on Viral Hepatitis (Eurohep) J Hepatol 1994 21 646 55
48. Perrillo RP Lai CL Liaw YF et al. Predictors of HBeAg loss after lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B Hepatology 2002 36 186 94
49. Cooksley WG Piratvisuth T Lee SD et al. Peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kDa): an advance in the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B J Viral Hepat 2003 10 298 305
50. Marcellin P Lau GKK Bonino F et al. Sustained response to peginterferon alpha 2a (40 kDa) (Pegasys) in HbeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. 1 year follow-up data from a large randomized multinational study (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 185
51. Tassopoulos NC Volpes R Pastore G et al. Efficacy of lamivudine in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative/hepatitis B virus DNA-positive (precore mutant) chronic hepatitis B. Lamivudine Precore Mutant Study Group Hepatology 1999 29 889 96
52. Santantonio T Mazzola M Iacovazzi T Miglietta A Guastadisegni A Pastore G Long-term follow-up of patients with anti-HBe/HBV DNA-positive chronic hepatitis B treated for 12 months with lamivudine J Hepatol 2000 32 300 6
53. Hadziyannis SJ Papatheodoridis GV Dimou E Laras A Papaioannou C Efficacy of long-term lamivudine monotherapy in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B Hepatology 2000 32 4 Pt 1 847 51
54. Fung SK Wong F Hussain M Lok AS Sustained response after a 2-year course of lamivudine treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B J Viral Hepat 2004 11 432 8
55. Lai CL Dienstag J Schiff E et al. Prevalence and clinical correlates of YMDD variants during lamivudine therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B Clin Infect Dis 2003 36 687 96
56. Chen CH Lee CM Lu SN et al. Comparison of clinical outcome between patients continuing and discontinuing lamivudine therapy after biochemical breakthrough of YMDD mutants J Hepatol 2004 41 454 61
57. Tacke F Gehrke C Luedde T Heim A Manns MP Trautwein C Basal core promoter and precore mutations in the hepatitis B virus genome enhance replication efficacy of lamivudine-resistant mutants J Virol 2004 78 8524 35
58. Chen RY Edwards R Shaw T et al. Effect of the G1896A precore mutation on drug sensitivity and replication yield of lamivudine-resistant HBV in vitro Hepatology 2003 37 27 35
59. Liaw YF Chien RN Yeh CT No benefit to continue lamivudine therapy after emergence of YMDD mutations Antivir Ther 2004 9 257 62
60. Marcellin P Chang TT Lim SG et al. Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B N Engl J Med 2003 348 808 16
61. Locarnini S Qi X Arterburn S et al. Incidence and predictors of emergence of adefovir resistant HBV during four years of adefovir dipivoxil therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 17
62. + chronic hepatitis B (abstract) J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 31
63. van Bommel F Wunsche T Mauss S et al. Comparison of adefovir and tenofovir in the treatment of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus infection Hepatology 2004 40 1421 5
64. Soriano V Puoti M Bonacini M et al. Care of patients with chronic hepatitis B and HIV co-infection: recommendations from an HIV-HBV International Panel AIDS 2005 19 221 40
65. Dienstag JL Wei LJ Xu D Cross A Kreter B Wilber R Entecavir is superior to lamivudine and adefovir in trials of HBeAg-positive and negative hepatitis B infection: a cross-study analysis with published reports J Hepatol 2005 42 Suppl. 2 174
66. Shaw T Locarnini S Entecavir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2004 2 853 71
67. Shouval D Lai CL Cheinquer H et al. Entecavir demonstrates superior histologic and virologic efficacy over lamivudine in nucleoside-naïve HBEAG-ve chronic hepatitis B: results of phase III trial ETV 027 Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 1 73
68. Natsuizaka M Hige S Ono Y et al. Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis B after the emergence of mutations in the hepatitis B virus polymerase region J Viral Hepat 2005 12 154 9
69. Andreone P Gramenzi A Cursaro C et al. High risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in anti-HBe positive liver cirrhosis patients developing lamivudine resistance J Viral Hepat 2004 11 439 42
70. Wong VW Chan HL Wong ML Tam JS Leung NW Clinical course after stopping lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine-resistant mutants Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 19 323 9
71. Peters MG Hann HwH Martin P et al. Adefovir dipivoxil alone or in combination with lamivudine in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B Gastroenterology 2004 126 91 101
72. Perrillo R Hann HW Mutimer D et al. Adefovir dipivoxil added to ongoing lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B with YMDD mutant hepatitis B virus Gastroenterology 2004 126 81 90
73. Hadziyannis S Tassopoulos N Chang TT et al. Long term adefovir dipivoxil treatment induces regression of liver fibrosis in patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B: results after 5 years of therapy Hepatology 2005 43 Suppl. 1 755
74. Sherman M Yurdaydin C Sollano J et al. Entecavir is superior to continued lamivudine for the treatment of lamivudine-refractory HBeAg(+) hepatitis B: Results of phase II study ETV 026 Hepatology 2004 40 Suppl. 2 664
75. Levine S Hernandez D Yamanaka G et al. Efficacies of entecavir against lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus replication and recombinant polymerases in vitro Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002 46 2525 32
76. Tenney DJ Levine SM Rose RE et al. Clinical emergence of entecavir-resistant hepatitis B virus requires additional substitutions in virus already resistant to lamivudine Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004 48 3498 507
77. Keeffe EB Dieterich DT Han SH et al. A treatment algorithm for the management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the United States Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 2 87 106