Policy implications of genetic information on regulation under the Clean Air Act: The case of particulate matter and asthmatics

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 114, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 313-319

  Kramer, C Bradley ^a   Cullen, Alison C ^a   Faustman, Elaine M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Asthma; Clean air act; Genetics; Particulate matter; Risk analysis

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; AIR QUALITY; ASTHMA; DISEASE COURSE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOMICS; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; HUMAN GENOME PROJECT; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MEDLINE; PARTICULATE MATTER; POLLUTION CONTROL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; UNITED STATES;

AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION; ASTHMA; DECISION MAKING; DUST; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENOMICS; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HUMANS; PUBLIC POLICY; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 33644779831     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8299     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. American Lung Association v. EPA. 1998. Case No. 95-9525. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, San Francisco, CA.
2. American Thoracic Society. 2000. What constitutes an adverse health effect of air pollution? Official Statement of the American Thoracic Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161(2 pt 1):665-673.
3. Borish L. 1999. Genetics of allergy and asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 82(5):413-424.
4. Bracken MB, Belanger K, Cookson WO, Triche E, Christiani DC, Leaderer BP. 2002. Genetic and perinatal risk factors for asthma onset and severity: a review and theoretical analysis. Epidemiol Rev 24(2):176-189.
5. CDC. 2005. Asthma Prevalence, Health Care Use and Mortality, 2002. Atlanta, GA:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/asthma/asthma.htm [accessed 1 February 2005].
6. Center for Genomics and Public Health. 2004. Asthma Genomics: Implications for Public Health. Seattle, WA:University of Washington.
7. Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. 1990. Public Law 101-549.
8. Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Asthma. 1997. A genomewide search for asthma susceptibility loci in ethnically diverse populations. Nat Genet 15(4):389-392.
9. Cookson W. 1999. The alliance of genes and environment in asthma and allergy. Nature 402(suppl 6760):B5-B11.
10. Cookson W. 2002. Asthma genetics. Chest 121(suppl 3):7S-13S.
11. Cookson W. 2003. A new gene for asthma: would you ADAM and Eve it? Trends Genet 19(4):169-172.
12. Cunningham ML, Bogdanffy MS, Zacharewski TR, Hines RN. 2003. Workshop overview: use of genomic data in risk assessment. Toxicol Sci 73(2):209-215.
13. Daniels SE, Bhattacharrya S, James A, Leaves NI, Young A, Hill MR, et al. 1996. A genome-wide search for quantitative trait loci underlying asthma. Nature 383(6597):247-250.
14. Decaprio AP. 1997. Biomarkers: coming of age for environmental health and risk assessment. Environ Sci Technol 31(7):1837-1848.
15. Dockery DW, Pope CA, Xu X, Spengler JD, Ware JH, Fay ME, et al. 1993. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities. N Engl J Med 329:1753-1759.
16. Hakonarson H, Bjornsdottir US, Halapi E, Palsson S, Adalsteinsdottir E, Gislason D, et al. 2002. A major susceptibility gene for asthma maps to chromosome 14q24. Am J Hum Genet 71(3):483-491.
17. Hakonarson H, Wjst M. 2001. Current concepts on the genetics of asthma. Curr Opin Pediatr 13(3):267-277.
18. Henry CJ, Phillips R, Carpanini F, Corton JC, Craig K, Igarashi K, et al. 2002. Use of genomics in toxicology and epidemiology: findings and recommendations of a workshop. Environ Health Perspect 110:1047-1050.
19. Hirschhorn JN, Lohmueller K, Byrne E, Hirschhorn K. 2002. A comprehensive review of genetic association studies. Genet Med 4(2):45-61.
20. Holgate ST, Davies DE, Murphy G, Powell RM, Holloway JW. 2003. ADAM 33: just another asthma gene or a breakthrough in understanding the origins of bronchial hyperresponsiveness? Thorax 58(6):466-469.
21. Howard TD, Koppelman GH, Xu J, Zheng SL, Postma DS, Meyers DA, et al. 2002. Gene-gene interaction in asthma: IL-4RA and IL-13 in a Dutch population with asthma. Am J Hum Genet 70(1):230-236.
22. Howard TD, Postma DS, Jongepier H, Moore WC, Koppelman GH, Zheng SL, et al. 2003. Association of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM 33) gene with asthma in ethnically diverse populations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112(4):717-722.
23. Howard TD, Whittaker PA, Zaiman AL, Koppelman GH, Xu J, Hanley MT, et al. 2001. Identification and association of polymorphisms in the interleukin-13 gene with asthma and atopy in a Dutch population. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 25(3):377-384.
24. Hummelshoj T, Bodtger U, Datta P, Malling HJ, Oturai A, Poulsen LK, et al. 2003. Association between an interleukin-13 promoter polymorphism and atopy. Eur J Immunogenet 30(5):355-389.
25. Huss K, Huss RW. 2000. Genetics of asthma and allergies. Nurs Clin North Am 35(3):695-705.
26. Institute of Medicine, Committee on the Assessment of Asthma and Indoor Air. 2000. Clearing the Air: Asthma and Indoor Air Exposures. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
27. Ioannidis JP, Ntzani EE, Trikalinos TA, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG. 2001. Replication validity of genetic association studies. Nat Genet 29(3):306-309.
28. Lead Industries Association v. EPA. 1980. Case Nos. 78-2201, 78-2220. U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, Washington, DC.
29. Lee SG, Kim BS, Kim JH, Lee SY, Choi SO, Shim JY, et al. 2004. Gene-gene interaction between interleukin-4 and interleukin-4 receptor alpha in Korean children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 34(8):1202-1208.
30. Leikauf GD. 2002. Hazardous air pollutants and asthma. Environ Health Perspect 110(suppl 4):505-526.
31. LexisNexis. 2004. Homepage. New York:Reed Elsevier Inc. Available: http://www.lexisnexis.com/ [accessed 1 March 2004].
32. Lippmann M, Schlesinger RB. 2000. Toxicological bases for the setting of health-related air pollution standards. Annu Rev Public Health 21:309-333.
33. Litonjua AA, Silverman EK, Tantisira KG, Sparrow D, Sylvia JS, Weiss ST. 2004. β2-Adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and haplotypes are associated with airways hyperresponsiveness among nonsmoking men. Chest 126(1):66-74.
34. Marchant GE. 2002. Toxicogenomics and toxic torts. Trends Biotechnol 20(8):329-332.
35. Merikangas KR, Risch N. 2003. Genomic priorities and public health. Science 302(5645):599-601.
36. NIH. 1997. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. No. 97-4041. Bethesda, MD:National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, National Heart Blood and Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health.
37. NIH. 2003. Expert Panel Report: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma - Update on Selected Topics 2002. No. 02-5074. Bethesda, MD:National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, National Heart Blood and Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health.
38. NRC (National Research Council) Committee on Risk Assessment and Hazardous Air Pollutants. 1994. Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
39. NRC Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter. 1998. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: I. Immediate Priorities and a Long-Range Research Portfolio. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
40. NRC Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter. 1999. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: II. Evaluating Research Progress and Updating the Portfolio. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
41. NRC Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter. 2001. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: III. Early Research Progress. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
42. NRC Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter. 2004. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: IV. Continuing Research Progress. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
43. Ober v. Whitman. 2001. Case No. 98-71158. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, San Francisco, CA.
44. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). 2000. OMIM 600807. Baltimore, MD:Johns Hopkins University; and Bethesda, MD:National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/ [accessed 1 March 2004].
45. Pope CA, Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Dockery DW, Evans JS, Speizer FE, et al. 1995. Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of US adults. Am J Respit Crit Care 151:669-674.
46. PubMed. 2004. Homepage. Bethesda, MD:National Library of Medicine. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi [accessed 1 March 2004].
47. Sengler C, Lau S, Wahn U, Nickel R. 2002. Interactions between genes and environmental factors in asthma and atopy: new developments. Respir Res (1):7. Epub. Available: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool= pubmed&pubmedid=11806842 [accessed 1 March 2004].
48. Sexton K, Adgate JL. 1999. Looking at environmental justice from an environmental health perspective. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 9(1):3-8.
49. Sexton K, Reiter LW, Zenick H. 1995. Research to strengthen the scientific basis for health risk assessment: a survey of the context and rationale for mechanistically based methods and models. Toxicology 102(1-2):3-20.
50. Tabor HK, Risch NJ, Myers RM. 2002. Opinion: candidate-gene approaches for studying complex genetic traits: practical considerations. Nat Rev Genet 3(5):391-397.
51. U.S. DHHS. 2000. Action against Asthma. Washington, DC:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
52. U.S. EPA. 2002a. Asthma Research Strategy. EPA 600/R-01/061. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
53. U.S. EPA. 2002b. Asthma Toxics Research Strategy. EPA 600/R-00/056. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
54. U.S. EPA. 2002c. Interim Policy on Genomics. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
55. U.S. EPA. 2003. Review of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter: Policy Assessment of Scientific and Technical Information. OAQPS Staff Paper - First Draft. EPA-452/D-03-001. Research Triangle Park, NC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
56. U.S. EPA. 2004a. Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter. EPA/600/P-99/002aF. Research Triangle Park, NC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
57. U.S. EPA. 2004b. Draft Potential Implications for Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA. EPA/100/B-04/002. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
58. U.S. Senate, 91st Congress. 1970. Senate Report. No. 91-1196.
59. Vercelli D. 2003. Genetic polymorphism in allergy and asthma. Curr Opin Immunol 15(6):609-613.
60. Weiss KB, Sullivan SD. 2001. The health economics of asthma and rhinitis. I. Assessing the economic impact. J Allergy Clin Immunol 107(1):3-8.
61. Weiss ST, Raby BA. 2004. Asthma genetics 2003. Hum Mol Genet 13(spec no 1):R83-R89.
62. Witte JS, Palmer LJ, O'Connor RD, Hopkins PJ, Hall JM. 2002. Relation between tumour necrosis factor polymorphism TNFα-308 and risk of asthma. Eur J Hum Genet 10(1):82-85.
63. Xu J, Meyers DA, Ober C, Blumenthal MN, Mellen B, Barnes KC, et al. 2001. Genomewide screen and identification of gene-gene interactions for asthma-susceptibility loci in three U.S. populations: collaborative study on the genetics of asthma. Am J Hum Genet 68(6):1437-1446.
64. Zhu S, Chan-Yeung M, Becker AB, Dimich-Ward H, Ferguson AC, Manfreda J, et al. 2000. Polymorphisms of the IL-4, TNF-alpha, and Fc epsilon RI-beta genes and the risk of allergic disorders in at-risk infants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162:599-602.